Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and production method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer and production method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and production method thereof, belong to fertilizer manufacture field.
Background technology
The throw out that city domestic sewage treatment plant produces in sewage treatment process---mud, accounts for the 0.07%-0.1% of sewage total amount conventionally.There are more than 1.7 ten thousand of large, medium and small city Jin Qiange, organic towns, urban population approximately 700,000,000 people in China.Take 2004 as example, trade effluent water displacement 222 billion cubic meters then, town domestic sewage quantity discharged is 260 billion cubic meters, only sanitary sewage can produce 1.3-2.6 hundred million tons of mud.Because sewage work generally adopts, stack or the mode lignin-sludge of landfill, not only take a large amount of land resources, and easily environment and groundwater resource are around caused to secondary pollution.
After tested, in mud, nutrient content is as follows:
In table 1 mud, C, N, P, K are containing scale (thousandweight) % of unit
National 44Ge city domestic sewage treatment plant Of Heavy Metal Level In Sludge is added up, and result is as follows:
Table 2 Of Heavy Metal Level In Sludge list position: mg/kg
Statistics shows: in China's town domestic sewage, harmful heavy metal mainly be take Zn and Cu as main, other heavy metal content are lower, are widely used as one of the galvanized pipe of running water pipe and cast iron, blass stop valve are Zn in sanitary sewage mud, Cu content is higher reason in cities and towns.The sanitary sewage in some cities and industrial sewage combination treatment, cause Cr, the Cd in Electroplating Operations sewage, the Pb in smelting industry sewage, the Hg content in Plastics Industry sewage in leather industry sewage all higher.
Especially big or middle city, the at present most city of China, or closed by force various high pollution enterprise, galvanized pipe and cast iron, blass stop valve are substituted by environment-friendly materials, in urban domestic sewage sludge, heavy metal content is all lower, lower than pollutent state control standard (GB4284-84) in agricultural mud, therefore, mud is safe as the raw material of agricultural fertilizer.
Pollutent control criterion (GB4284-84) unit: mg/kg in the agricultural mud of table 3
* the control criterion of chromium is used in the general few various mud with agricultural value of sexavalent chrome that contain, and is not used in the settling that contains a large amount of chromic industrial residues or some chemical plant.
The temporary standard for referencial use of *.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that utilizes mud that city domestic sewage treatment plant produces and make after the mineral raw material of modification mixes by a certain percentage, another object of the present invention is to provide the production technique of producing this compound organic and inorganic fertilizer.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A production method for compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), with sludge squeezer squeezing sewage work through nitrated mud, make the water content of mud 60-70%, stand-by;
(2), by the dehydration of montmorillonite and Zeolite dehydration, and while hot with squeezing after mud be fully uniformly mixed;
(3), the aforementioned mixture of aerobic treatment, until the water content of mud is down to 30%, then baking mixture obtains powder;
(4), powder and urea, monoammonium phosphate and Repone K are fully stirred, mix;
(5), to spraying water glass in tablets press, carry out granulation;
(6), to pellet be dried, sterilization, packing.
The production method of aforesaid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, the weight percent of each raw material is:
The production method of aforesaid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of aforementioned montmorillonite and zeolite is 2:1.
The production method of aforesaid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, in step (3), mixture is dried to water content≤10%.
The production method of aforesaid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, in step (6), it is 200--350 ℃ that pellet is carried out to dry temperature, is dried to aggregate moisture content≤10%.
The production method of aforesaid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, with vitriolate of tartar, replaces Repone K.
, it is characterized in that, by aforesaid method, made.
Aforesaid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, the technical indicator of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is as follows:
Aforementioned total nutrient comprises: N, P
2o
5and K
2o.
Aforesaid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, the pH value of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is 5.5-8.0.
Aforesaid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, is characterized in that, in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer,
The massfraction of arsenic and compound thereof (take As) is≤0.0004%
The massfraction of cadmium and compound thereof (take Cd) is≤0.0001%
The massfraction of lead and compound thereof (take Pb) is≤0.0027%
The massfraction of chromium and compound (take Cr) is≤0.0026%
The massfraction of mercury and mercuric compounds (take Hg) is≤0.0001%.
Montmorillonite in the mixture of mineral substance and zeolite are by silica (SiO
4) tetrahedron and alumina (AIO
4) tetrahedron is arranged in the skeleton with cage shape according to certain rules, hole and passage are flourishing, and its porosity reaches 23%-50%, specific surface area is large, the negative charge that the powerful capacity that surface has and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedron have, therefore its adsorptive power is powerful especially, can absorb exchange selectively to ammonium ion.
Montmorillonite and zeolite physical property are as follows:
Table 4 montmorillonite and zeolite physical property
Usefulness of the present invention is:
1, solve a large amount of mud land occupations of city domestic sewage treatment plant and the problem of secondary pollution, realized harmlessness disposing and the recycling of mud.
2, fertilizer efficiency is obvious, surpasses all kinds of fertilizer of existing market sale, reaches national Chemical Mixed Fertilizer standard.
3, the present invention's montmorillonite and zeolite used has good ion exchangeable and unique vesicular structure, can promote the ion-exchange of soil, improve the ability of the nutrients such as Soil conservation nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, improvement acid soil, salt affected soil are had to obvious effect.Can and effectively from air, absorb water.In continuing brief rain period, the ability of the external moisture of this absorption is very favourable to plant growth, therefore can improve the sand in arid and semi-arid area.
4, montmorillonite used in the present invention and zeolite, can effectively keep soil fertility, improves soil aggregate.
5, water glass used in the present invention is because himself containing effective silicon of 65% left and right, and it is the middle amount fertilizer element that farm crop are indispensable that the source of silicon, silicon can be provided to farm crop again, can effectively resist rice blast, and can improve crop products quality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is done to concrete introduction.
One, prepare montmorillonite and zeolite
80-150 object montmorillonites and zeolite are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 2:1, then utilize roller dryer to carry out processed under 100-120 ℃ of condition, remove the moisture content in montmorillonite and zeolite, stand-by.
In city domestic sewage, ammonia-nitrogen content is 35-60mg/L, wherein colloidal solid shape ammonia nitrogen and organism and ion state ammonium (NH
+ 4) major part is flocculated and is deposited in mud.The present invention has mainly utilized this powerful adsorptive power of montmorillonite and zeolite and to NH
4+ion exchanging function.After montmorillonite and zeolite and mud are fully uniformly mixed, montmorillonite and zeolite be the benefit materials such as the organism in absorption mud and ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus fully, and stable is stored in zeolite.Add the potassium that reaches own wt 3-5% that montmorillonite and zeolite contain itself, as long as supply part ammonia nitrogen, then pass through suitable processing, can obtain high-quality and efficient mixed organic manure.
Heavy metal content in city domestic sewage is very low, montmorillonite and zeolite itself can be by ion-exchange mode Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions and by its constraint and be suppressed at montmorillonite and the cellular vestibule of zeolite in make it be difficult to discharge and shift, mud as fertilizer sources is after treatment used, to farm crop, be not only safe, but also because montmorillonite and zeolite can adsorb in soil or the heavy metal bringing while using other fertilizer, so can also improve the quality of agricultural-food.
Two, produce compound organic and inorganic fertilizer
1, prepare raw material:
With sludge squeezer squeezing sewage work, through nitrated mud, make the water content of mud 60-70%.
Mud after squeezing and the proportioning of other raw materials are in Table 5.
Table 5 composition of raw materials table (unit: w/w)
? |
After squeezing |
Montmorillonite |
Urea |
Monoammonium phosphate |
Repone K |
Water glass |
? |
Mud |
And zeolite |
? |
? |
? |
? |
Embodiment 1 |
10% |
25% |
35% |
20% |
7% |
3% |
Embodiment 2 |
20% |
30% |
25% |
10% |
10% |
5% |
Embodiment 3 |
30% |
40% |
20% |
5% |
2% |
3% |
Embodiment 4 |
40% |
10% |
20% |
13% |
12% |
5% |
Embodiment 5 |
10% |
30% |
25% |
20% |
10% |
5% |
Embodiment 6 |
20% |
40% |
20% |
12% |
4% |
4% |
Embodiment 7 |
30% |
10% |
45% |
5% |
6% |
4% |
Embodiment 8 |
40% |
20% |
20% |
10% |
5% |
5% |
Embodiment 9 |
10% |
40% |
30% |
10% |
6% |
4% |
Embodiment 10 |
20% |
25% |
20% |
18% |
12% |
5% |
Embodiment 11 |
30% |
20% |
22% |
13% |
10% |
5% |
Embodiment 12 |
35% |
35% |
20% |
5% |
2% |
3% |
Embodiment 13 |
40% |
30% |
20% |
5% |
2% |
3% |
2, production process:
(1), by the montmorillonite after drying and dehydrating and zeolite while hot with squeezing after mud be fully uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, natural drying is air-dry or by roller dryer baking mixture.
(2), mixture moved into fermentation booth carry out aerobic treatment, until the water content of mud is down to 30%, then baking mixture, to water content≤10%, obtains 50-80 object powder by pulverizer ground mixt.
(3), powder and urea, monoammonium phosphate and Repone K are fully stirred, mix, in this step, the available vitriolate of tartar of Repone K (potash fertilizer) replaces.
(4), to spray adhesive water glass in tablets press, carry out granulation.
(5), pellet is inserted in roller dryer, under 200-350 ℃ of conditions, be dried, until aggregate moisture content≤10%, in drying process simultaneously to pellet be dried, sterilization, packing process, and obtains final product compound organic and inorganic fertilizer.
Three, the technical indicator assay of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer
1, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention, through Sichuan Province's chemical fertilizer products quality monitoring testing station, according to the check of GB15063--2001 < < composite fertilizer (compound manure) > > national standard lower concentration technical indicator, result is as follows:
Table 6 check all technical value (unit: w/w)
Interventions Requested title |
Measured value |
Conclusion |
Technical indicator/express value |
Total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+K
2O)
|
25.3-31.9% |
Qualified |
≥25.0% |
Moisture |
0.3-1.6% |
Qualified |
≤5.0% |
Chlorion |
—— |
—— |
—— |
Available phosphorus (P
2O
5)
|
4.0-6.9% |
Qualified |
≥4.0% |
Total nitrogen (N) |
14.6-18.0% |
Qualified |
≥13.5% |
Potassium oxide (K
2O)
|
6.7-7.0% |
Qualified |
≥4.0% |
As can be seen here, all technical of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention all meets the standard that country formulates, qualified product.
2, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention,---2002 < < are organic---inorganic complex fertilizer > > national standard technical indicator check according to GB18877 through national hazardous chemical quality supervision and test center, result is as follows:
Table 7 check all technical value (unit: w/w)
Interventions Requested title |
Measured value |
Conclusion |
Technical indicator/express value |
Total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+K
2O)
|
23.3-31.9% |
Qualified |
≥15.0% |
Moisture |
0.5-1.6% |
Qualified |
≤10.0% |
Available phosphorus (P
2O
5)
|
4.0-6.9% |
Qualified |
≥2.0% |
Total nitrogen (N) |
12.6-14.4% |
Qualified |
≥8.0% |
Potassium oxide (K
2O)
|
5.2-6.7% |
Qualified |
≥2.0% |
Organic |
25.0-38.0% |
Qualified |
≥20% |
PH-value |
5.9-7.8 |
Qualified |
5.5—8.0 |
Induced worm egg death rate |
≥95% |
Qualified |
≥95% |
Colititre |
4.0-4.5 |
Qualified |
≥10-1 |
Arsenic and compound thereof (in As) |
≤0.0004% |
Qualified |
≤0.0050% |
Cadmium and compound thereof (in Cd) |
≤0.0001% |
Qualified |
≤0.0010% |
Lead and compound thereof (in Pb) |
≤0.0027% |
Qualified |
≤0.0150% |
Chromium and compound (in Cr) |
≤0.0026% |
Qualified |
≤0.0050% |
Mercury and mercuric compounds (in Hg) |
≤0.0001% |
Qualified |
≤0.0005% |
As can be seen here, all technical of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention all meets the standard that country formulates, qualified product, and also heavy metal content is low, uses safety.
Four, cost keeping
Qingbaijiang District, Chengdu compound organic and inorganic fertilizer production line (producing 50000 tons per year)
? |
Raw materials cost |
Production cycle |
Income |
Conventional fertilizer |
1150 yuan |
1 day |
13% |
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer |
1050 yuan |
1 day |
40% |
As can be seen here, the cost of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer drops into product income and is far longer than conventional fertilizer.
Five, the case of product application:
1, paddy rice community, Dou Gou village, Dou Gou township, Guanyun County, Lianyun Harbour, Jiangsu Province simultaneous test
? |
Plant is high |
Spike length |
Number of grain per ear |
Thousand seed weight |
Every mu of spike number |
Average yield per mu |
Conventional fertilizer application district |
97.5cm |
17.8cm |
135 |
25.4g |
17.05 ten thousand |
584.6kg |
Test site |
98.6cm |
18.5cm |
143 |
26.5g |
17.26 ten thousand |
654.0kg |
As can be seen here, the community growing way of using Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is better than the community of conventional fertilizer application, rice plant exceeds 1.1cm, spike length grows 0.7cm, and on every fringe, grain number has more 8, and thousand seed weight increases 1.1g, mu mature spike number increases by 0.21 ten thousand, average yield per mu 654.0kg, than every mu of volume increase 69.4kg of conventional fertilizer application, effect of increasing production is obvious.
In addition, through observing, the rice plant lodging tolerance of test site is stronger.
2, Qiao Xu village, village township paddy rice community simultaneous test is waitd upon in Guanyun County, Lianyun Harbour, Jiangsu Province
? |
Plant is high |
Spike length |
Number of grain per ear |
Thousand seed weight |
Every mu of spike number |
Average yield per mu |
Conventional fertilizer application district |
96.5cm |
17.5cm |
136 |
25.5g |
18.45 ten thousand |
639.8kg |
Test site |
98.0cm |
18.2cm |
143 |
26.4g |
19.26 ten thousand |
727.1kg |
As can be seen here, the community growing way of using Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is better than the community of conventional fertilizer application, rice plant exceeds 1.5cm, spike length grows 0.7cm, and on every fringe, grain number has more 7, and thousand seed weight increases 0.9g, mu mature spike number increases by 0.81 ten thousand, average yield per mu 727.1kg, mu volume increase 87.3kg, effect of increasing production is obvious.
3, paddy rice community, Nangang village, Nangang township, Guanyun County, Lianyun Harbour, Jiangsu Province simultaneous test
? |
Plant is high |
Spike length |
Number of grain per ear |
Thousand seed weight |
Every mu of spike number |
Average yield per mu |
Conventional fertilizer application district |
93.5cm |
16.5cm |
112 |
26.7g |
18.0 ten thousand |
538.3kg |
Test site |
94.2cm |
17.2cm |
131 |
27.3g |
18.4 ten thousand |
658.0kg |
As can be seen here, the community growing way of using Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is better than the community of conventional fertilizer application, rice plant exceeds 0.7cm, spike length grows 0.7cm, and on every fringe, grain number has more 19, and thousand seed weight increases 0.6g, mu mature spike number increases by 0.4 ten thousand, average yield per mu 658kg, mu volume increase 119.7kg, effect of increasing production is obvious.
4, Zhang Wan village, Yi Shan town, Guanyun County, Lianyun Harbour, Jiangsu Province paddy rice community simultaneous test
? |
Plant is high |
Spike length |
Number of grain per ear |
Thousand seed weight |
Every mu of spike number |
Average yield per mu |
Conventional fertilizer application district |
86.5cm |
16.2cm |
126 |
24.5g |
20.45 ten thousand |
631.3kg |
Test site |
88.0cm |
16.5cm |
133 |
25.2g |
20.63 ten thousand |
691.4kg |
As can be seen here, the community growing way of using Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is better than the community of conventional fertilizer application, rice plant exceeds 1.5cm, spike length grows 0.3cm, and on every fringe, grain number has more 7, and thousand seed weight increases 0.7g, mu mature spike number increases by 0.18 ten thousand, average yield per mu 691.4kg, mu volume increase 60.1kg, effect of increasing production is obvious.
In addition, through observing, the rice plant of test site is delicate and pretty, not early ageing, and lodging tolerance obviously strengthens.
It should be noted that, above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the mode of equivalent transformation obtains, all drops in protection scope of the present invention.