CN103533355A - Quick coding method for HEVC (high efficiency video coding) - Google Patents

Quick coding method for HEVC (high efficiency video coding) Download PDF

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CN103533355A
CN103533355A CN201310470508.3A CN201310470508A CN103533355A CN 103533355 A CN103533355 A CN 103533355A CN 201310470508 A CN201310470508 A CN 201310470508A CN 103533355 A CN103533355 A CN 103533355A
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coding unit
maximum coding
depth
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value
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CN103533355B (en
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蒋刚毅
杨小祥
彭宗举
郁梅
邵枫
陈芬
朱天之
李福翠
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Ningbo University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a quick coding method for HEVC (high efficiency video coding). A prediction maximum coding unit is subjected to quadtree structure type analysis to quickly obtain a type value which shows the depth traversal interval of the current maximum coding unit; in the process of obtaining the type value, because the current maximum coding unit and an adjacent coded maximum coding unit as well as the maximum coding units with the same coordinate position in a forward-direction reference frame and a backward-direction reference frame have big correlation, the type value of the depth traversal interval of the maximum coding unit is predicted to obtain the type value of the depth traversal interval of the current maximum coding unit; therefore, unnecessary depth traversals in the current maximum coding unit division process are avoided; on the premise of guaranteeing the video quality and the constant code rate, the coding computation complexity is effectively lowered.

Description

A kind of HEVC fast encoding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of video coding and decoding technology, especially relate to a kind of HEVC fast encoding method.
Background technology
Along with the development of network technology and terminal processing capacity, people are more and more higher to the requirement of video compression, to meet the application of the frontiers such as remote monitoring, mobile flow medium, mobile imaging, medical imaging.Video coding joint specialist group (Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding, JCT-VC) be just devoted to study efficient video coding standard of new generation (High Efficiency Video Coding, HEVC), its core objective is on the basis of high profile H.264/AVC, and compression efficiency is doubled.Because HEVC has adopted coding unit (the Coding Unit of oversize quad-tree structure on coding structure, CU), predicting unit (Prediction Unit, PU) and converter unit (Transform Unit, TU), therefore improved significantly compression efficiency, but the increase that has simultaneously also brought encoder complexity.
HEVC test model (HEVC Test Model, HM) adopts the mode of recurrence to carry out quad-tree structure division to maximum coding unit (Largest CU, LCU).As shown in Figure 1, in HM, a LCU is finally cut apart determining of form, need to adopt the mode of recurrence CU depth value (depth) to be carried out to 0 to 3 full traversal, rate-distortion optimization (the Rate-distortion Optimization that altogether needs 1+4+4 * 4+4 * 4 * 4=85 CU size Selection, RDO) calculate, add each CU and also will carry out the rate distortion costs calculating of various PU prediction and model selection, this computation complexity that makes to encode is very large.The people such as Li have proposed a kind of self adaptation CU degree of depth traversal (Adaptive CU Depth Range, ACUDR) method, it mainly predicts the CU depth value of current LCU by spatial correlation, and more than most LCU still will travel through 3 CU depth values, so the time that the method is saved be limited.The people such as Shen adopt the mode of time-space domain associated prediction, by the CU depth value weighting scheme of adjacent LCU, predict the CU depth value of current LCU, thereby determine that its corresponding degree of depth traversal is interval, although this method has reduced traversal scope to a great extent, but and reckon without the otherness of video content and sequence thereof, cause the degree of depth traversal interval that prediction obtains still to have sizable space of improving.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of under the prerequisite of assurance video quality, can effectively reduce the HEVC fast encoding method of encoder complexity.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of HEVC fast encoding method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. by current pending frame definition in HD video, be present frame;
2. current maximum coding unit to be encoded in present frame is defined as to current maximum coding unit;
3. the position in HD video and the position of current maximum coding unit in present frame according to present frame, determine the maximum coding unit of all predictions of current maximum coding unit, the prediction sets that the sets definition that the maximum coding unit of all predictions by current maximum coding unit is formed is current maximum coding unit, and be designated as Ω, wherein, Ω is that the maximum coding unit comprising in empty set or Ω is L, LT, T, at least one in COL1 and COL2, COL1 represents maximum coding unit identical with the coordinate position of current maximum coding unit in the forward reference frame of present frame, COL2 represents maximum coding unit identical with the coordinate position of current maximum coding unit in the backward reference frame of present frame, L represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the left side of current maximum coding unit, LT represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the limit, upper left of current maximum coding unit, T represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the top of current maximum coding unit,
4. make DR predthe degree of depth that represents current maximum coding unit travels through interval types value, then establishes DR predtravel through interval one-to-one relationship with the degree of depth of current maximum coding unit, wherein, DR predfor integer, and 0≤DR pred≤ 5;
5. judge whether Ω equals complete or collected works U={COL1, COL2, L, LT, 6. T}, if so, perform step, otherwise, directly determine DR predvalue, then execution step 7.;
6. each the maximum coding unit in Ω is carried out to quad-tree structure type analysis, determine that the degree of depth of each the maximum coding unit in Ω travels through interval types value, then according to the degree of depth of each the maximum coding unit in Ω, travel through interval types value, obtain DR predvalue, then execution step 7.;
7. according to DR predvalue, the degree of depth traversal of determining current maximum coding unit is interval, then according to the degree of depth traversal of current maximum coding unit is interval, current maximum coding unit is traveled through to coding, in traversal cataloged procedure, current maximum coding unit is carried out to the early stage cutting of coding unit, and detailed process is:
7.-1, the interval interior current pending coding unit of the degree of depth traversal of current maximum coding unit is defined as to present encoding unit, the layer at place, present encoding unit is defined as to current layer;
7.-2, the position in current layer according to the depth value of present encoding unit and present encoding unit, judges whether all coding units of lower one deck of present encoding unit can carry out early stage cutting, and detailed process is:
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 0, judges all coding units of lower one deck of present encoding unit are not carried out to early stage cutting, then execution step 7.-4;
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 1 or 2, when present encoding unit is in current layer the 1st or the 2nd or the 3rd coding unit, judgement is not carried out early stage cutting to all coding units of lower one deck of present encoding unit, then execution step 7.-4; And when present encoding unit is the 4th coding unit in current layer, the degree of depth whether depth value that judges present encoding unit is less than current maximum coding unit travels through interval maximum, if, the all coding units of lower one deck of judging present encoding unit can carry out early stage cutting, then perform step 7.-3, otherwise, do not deal with, then execution step 7.-5;
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 3, do not deal with, then execution step 7.-5;
7. the rate distortion costs that-3, compares the last layer coding unit of present encoding unit, add with the rate distortion costs sum of four coding units in current layer the value obtaining after the decision threshold of setting, if the former is less than the latter, determine lower one deck coding unit of present encoding unit is carried out to early stage cutting, then perform step 7.-5, if the former is more than or equal to the latter, determines lower one deck coding unit of present encoding unit is not carried out to early stage cutting, then execution step 7.-4;
The degree of depth whether depth value that 7.-4, judges present encoding unit is less than current maximum coding unit travels through interval maximum, if, present encoding unit is further divided into 4 lower one deck coding units that size is identical, then using current pending coding unit in this lower one deck coding unit as present encoding unit, and using the layer at place, present encoding unit as current layer, return to again step 7.-2 and continue to carry out, otherwise, directly perform step 7.-5;
7.-5, present encoding cell encoding process finishes, then judge whether all coding units in the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit are all disposed, if, current maximum coding unit cataloged procedure finishes, then execution step 8., otherwise, judge again whether four coding units in current layer are all disposed, if four coding units in current layer are all disposed, using coding unit next pending in the last layer coding unit of current layer as present encoding unit, and using the layer at place, present encoding unit as current layer, then returning to step 7.-2 continues to carry out, if four coding units in current layer are untreated complete, using coding unit next pending in current layer as present encoding unit, then returning to step 7.-2 continues to carry out,
8. using maximum coding unit next to be encoded in present frame as current maximum coding unit, then return to step and 3. continue to carry out, until all maximum coding unit in present frame is all encoded complete;
9. using the pending frame of next frame in HD video as present frame, then return to step and 2. continue to carry out, until all frames in HD video are all disposed, so far completed the fast coding of HD video.
Described step 3. in the deterministic process of prediction sets Ω of current maximum coding unit be:
If present frame is the 1st frame in the I group of picture in HD video,, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω is empty set; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ L, LT, T};
If present frame is the 1st frame or last 1 frame in the non-I group of picture in HD video, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω={ COL1, COL2}; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L, LT, T};
If present frame is the arbitrary frame in the 2nd frame to the 7 frames in the non-I group of picture in HD video, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω={ COL1, COL2}; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L, LT, T}.
Described step is middle DR 4. predtraveling through interval one-to-one relationship with the degree of depth of current maximum coding unit is: work as DR pred=0 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,1]; Work as DR pred=1 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,2]; Work as DR pred=2 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [1,2]; Work as DR pred=3 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [1,3]; Work as DR pred=4 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [2,3]; Work as DR pred=5 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,3].
Described step 5. in direct definite DR predvalue be 5; Described step detailed process is 6.:
6.-1, calculate each maximum coding unit in Ω given reference depth value be respectively 0,1,2,3 o'clock absolute depth error and, the absolute depth error by the j in Ω maximum coding unit when given reference depth value is d and being designated as
Figure BDA0000393509540000041
Figure BDA0000393509540000042
wherein, 1≤j≤5, depth ithe depth value that represents the basic unit of storage that i size in j maximum coding unit in Ω is 4 * 4, depth ispan be [0,3], the value of d is 0 or 1 or 2 or 3, symbol " || " is the symbol that takes absolute value;
6.-2, current pending j in Ω maximum coding unit is defined as to active cell;
6.-3, order from small to large according to value, active cell is respectively the absolute depth error of 0,1,2,3 o'clock and is sorted in given reference depth value, then two of selective value minimum absolute depth errors and as two candidate item of active cell, after sequence the 2nd with the 3rd absolute depth error with value when identical, select absolute depth error that d value is little and as one of them candidate item of active cell;
If two candidate item of 6.-4 active cells are respectively
Figure BDA0000393509540000051
with
Figure BDA0000393509540000052
and meet
Figure BDA0000393509540000053
it is 0 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively with
Figure BDA0000393509540000055
and meet
Figure BDA0000393509540000056
it is 2 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively
Figure BDA0000393509540000057
with
Figure BDA0000393509540000058
and meet
Figure BDA0000393509540000059
it is 3 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively
Figure BDA00003935095400000510
with
Figure BDA00003935095400000511
and meet
Figure BDA00003935095400000512
it is 4 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; Wherein,
Figure BDA00003935095400000513
corresponding represent the maximum coding unit of the j in Ω given reference depth value be 0,1,2,3 o'clock absolute depth error and;
6.-5, make j=j+1, using maximum coding unit next pending in Ω as active cell, then returning to step 6.-3 continues to carry out, until five maximum coding units in Ω are all disposed, the degree of depth that obtains each the maximum coding unit in Ω travels through interval types value, wherein, "=" in j=j+1 is assignment;
6.-6, build a types value candidate list, and such offset candidate list is initialized as to [1,5,5,5,5,5,3];
6.-7, by the degree of depth of five maximum coding units in Ω, travel through five values middle in interval types value alternative type value candidate list, obtain new types value candidate list, then according to value order from small to large sorts to seven types values in new types value candidate list, then gets intermediate value in the types value candidate list after sequence as DR predvalue.
In described step 7.-3, when the depth value of present encoding unit is 1, the decision threshold value of setting is 65; When the depth value of present encoding unit is 2, the decision threshold value of setting is 8.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: by predicting that maximum coding unit carries out quad-tree structure type analysis, quick obtaining represents that the degree of depth of current maximum coding unit travels through interval types value, in obtaining the process of such offset due to current maximum coding unit and adjacent maximum coding unit of having encoded and forward reference frame with there is very large correlation between the identical maximum coding unit of coordinate position in reference frame afterwards, therefore utilize the degree of depth of the maximum coding unit of prediction to travel through the degree of depth that interval types value obtains current maximum coding unit and travel through interval types value, thereby many unnecessary degree of depth traversals in current maximum coding unit cutting procedure have been avoided, simultaneously, in the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit, current maximum coding unit is carried out to the early stage cutting of coding unit, reduced the unnecessary cutting procedure of coding unit, finally make the inventive method guarantee under the prerequisite that video quality and code check are constant, effectively reduced the computation complexity of coding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cutting apart and cutting process schematic diagram of a maximum coding unit in HEVC test model;
Fig. 2 be the inventive method totally realize block diagram;
Fig. 3 is the time-space domain correlation schematic diagram of maximum coding unit;
Fig. 4 is the cutting apart and early stage cutting process schematic diagram of a maximum coding unit in the inventive method;
Fig. 5 utilizes the inventive method compared to the saving of time percentage situation map that utilizes HM9.0 original coding method his-and-hers watches 1 each listed cycle tests to encode;
Fig. 6 a is the distortion performance curve comparison figure that utilizes the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method respectively Traffic cycle tests to be encoded;
Fig. 6 b is the distortion performance curve comparison figure that utilizes the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method respectively Vidyo1 cycle tests to be encoded;
Fig. 6 c is the distortion performance curve comparison figure that utilizes the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method respectively Johnny cycle tests to be encoded;
Fig. 6 d is the distortion performance curve comparison figure that utilizes the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method respectively Kimono1 cycle tests to be encoded;
Fig. 7 a is the Quadtree Partition result schematic diagram of utilizing after HM9.0 original coding method is encoded to the 10th frame (1280 * 720) of KristenAndSara cycle tests under the condition of QP=32;
Fig. 7 b is the Quadtree Partition result schematic diagram of utilizing after the inventive method is encoded to the 10th frame (1280 * 720) of KristenAndSara cycle tests under the condition of QP=32.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is described in further detail the present invention.
A kind of HEVC fast encoding method that the present invention proposes, it totally realizes block diagram as shown in Figure 2, and it comprises the following steps:
1. by current pending frame definition in HD video, be present frame.
In HD video, mainly comprise two kinds of image sets (GOP, Group of Pictures): I frame (Intra frame) image sets and non-I group of picture, I group of picture only comprises 1 frame I two field picture, non-I group of picture all comprises the non-I two field picture of 8 frame, since the 1st frame (the 1st I group of picture), there is an I group of picture in every 32 frames, and two adjacent I group of picture tundish are containing 4 non-I group of pictures.
2. current maximum coding unit to be encoded in present frame is defined as to current maximum coding unit.
3. the position in HD video and the position of current maximum coding unit in present frame according to present frame, determine the maximum coding unit of all predictions of current maximum coding unit, the prediction sets that the sets definition that the maximum coding unit of all predictions by current maximum coding unit is formed is current maximum coding unit, and be designated as Ω, wherein, Ω is that the maximum coding unit comprising in empty set or Ω is L, LT, T, at least one in COL1 and COL2, COL1 represents maximum coding unit identical with the coordinate position of current maximum coding unit in the forward reference frame of present frame, COL2 represents maximum coding unit identical with the coordinate position of current maximum coding unit in the backward reference frame of present frame, L represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the left side of current maximum coding unit, be that L is the maximum coding unit that is close to the left side of current maximum coding unit in present frame, LT represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the limit, upper left of current maximum coding unit, be that LT is the maximum coding unit that is close to the top of L in present frame, T represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the top of current maximum coding unit, be that T is the maximum coding unit that is close to the top of current maximum coding unit in present frame.Fig. 3 has provided the position relationship of current maximum coding unit C and L, LT, T, COL1 and COL2.
In this specific embodiment, step 3. in the deterministic process of prediction sets Ω of current maximum coding unit be:
If present frame is the 1st frame in the I group of picture in HD video,, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω is empty set; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ L, LT, T}.
If present frame is the 1st frame or last 1 frame in the non-I group of picture in HD video, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω={ COL1, COL2}; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L, LT, T}.At this, for the present frame in above-mentioned situation, only there is the forward reference frame of having encoded, there is not the backward reference frame of having encoded, now COL2 and COL1 are in full accord, therefore at this, still adopt COL1.
If present frame is the arbitrary frame in the 2nd frame to the 7 frames in the non-I group of picture in HD video, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω={ COL1, COL2}; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L, LT, T}.
4. make DR predthe degree of depth that represents current maximum coding unit travels through interval types value, then establishes DR predtravel through interval one-to-one relationship with the degree of depth of current maximum coding unit, wherein, DR predfor integer, and 0≤DR pred≤ 5.
In this specific embodiment, step is middle DR 4. predtraveling through interval one-to-one relationship with the degree of depth of current maximum coding unit is: work as DR pred=0 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,1]; Work as DR pred=1 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,2]; Work as DR pred=2 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [1,2]; Work as DR pred=3 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [1,3]; Work as DR pred=4 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [2,3]; Work as DR pred=5 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,3].
5. judge whether Ω equals complete or collected works U={COL1, COL2, L, LT, 6. T}, if so, perform step, otherwise, directly determine DR predvalue, then execution step 7..
In this specific embodiment, step 5. in direct definite DR predvalue be 5.
6. each the maximum coding unit in Ω is carried out to quad-tree structure type analysis, determine that the degree of depth of each the maximum coding unit in Ω travels through interval types value, then according to the degree of depth of each the maximum coding unit in Ω, travel through interval types value, obtain DR predvalue, then execution step 7..At this, because video image has certain correlation on time-space domain, between the maximum coding unit that in the forward reference frame of current maximum coding unit and adjacent maximum coding unit of having encoded and present frame and backward reference frame, coordinate position is identical, there is very large correlation, therefore utilize the degree of depth of each the maximum coding unit in Ω to travel through interval types value and obtain DR predvalue.
In this specific embodiment, step detailed process is 6.:
6.-1, calculate each maximum coding unit in Ω given reference depth value be respectively 0,1,2,3 o'clock absolute depth error and, the absolute depth error by the j in Ω maximum coding unit when given reference depth value is d and being designated as
Figure BDA0000393509540000092
wherein, 1≤j≤5, depth ithe depth value that represents the basic unit of storage that i size in j maximum coding unit in Ω is 4 * 4, depth ispan be [0,3], the value of d is 0 or 1 or 2 or 3, symbol " || " is the symbol that takes absolute value.
6.-2, current pending j in Ω maximum coding unit is defined as to active cell.
6.-3, order from small to large according to value, active cell is respectively the absolute depth error of 0,1,2,3 o'clock and is sorted in given reference depth value, then two of selective value minimum absolute depth errors and as two candidate item of active cell, after sequence the 2nd with the 3rd absolute depth error with value when identical, select absolute depth error that d value is little and as one of them candidate item of active cell.
If two candidate item of 6.-4 active cells are respectively with
Figure BDA0000393509540000094
and meet
Figure BDA0000393509540000095
it is 0 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively
Figure BDA0000393509540000096
with
Figure BDA0000393509540000097
and meet
Figure BDA0000393509540000098
it is 2 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively
Figure BDA0000393509540000099
with
Figure BDA00003935095400000910
and meet it is 3 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively
Figure BDA00003935095400000912
with and meet
Figure BDA00003935095400000914
it is 4 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; Wherein,
Figure BDA00003935095400000915
corresponding represent the maximum coding unit of the j in Ω given reference depth value be 0,1,2,3 o'clock absolute depth error and.
6.-5, make j=j+1, using maximum coding unit next pending in Ω as active cell, then returning to step 6.-3 continues to carry out, until five maximum coding units in Ω are all disposed, the degree of depth that obtains each the maximum coding unit in Ω travels through interval types value, wherein, "=" in j=j+1 is assignment.
6.-6, build a types value candidate list, and such offset candidate list is initialized as to [1,5,5,5,5,5,3].
6.-7, by the degree of depth of five maximum coding units in Ω, travel through five values middle in interval types value alternative type value candidate list, obtain new types value candidate list, then according to value order from small to large sorts to seven types values in new types value candidate list, then gets intermediate value in the types value candidate list after sequence as DR predvalue.
7. according to DR predvalue, the degree of depth traversal of determining current maximum coding unit is interval, then according to the degree of depth traversal of current maximum coding unit is interval, current maximum coding unit is traveled through to coding, in traversal cataloged procedure, current maximum coding unit is carried out to the early stage cutting of coding unit, and (itself there is cutting procedure and cutting process in a maximum coding unit, and the inventive method is carried out early stage cutting, can reduce the further cutting procedure of coding unit, thereby can reduce encoder complexity), as shown in Figure 4, detailed process is:
7.-1, the interval interior current pending coding unit of the degree of depth traversal of current maximum coding unit is defined as to present encoding unit, the layer at place, present encoding unit is defined as to current layer.
7.-2, present encoding unit is carried out the predictive coding of various predictive modes, thereby obtain the rate distortion costs of present encoding unit, then the position in current layer according to the depth value of present encoding unit and present encoding unit, whether all coding units of lower one deck of judging present encoding unit can carry out early stage cutting, and detailed process is:
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 0, judges all coding units of lower one deck of present encoding unit are not carried out to early stage cutting, then execution step 7.-4.
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 1 or 2, when present encoding unit is in current layer the 1st or the 2nd or the 3rd coding unit, judgement is not carried out early stage cutting to all coding units of lower one deck of present encoding unit, then execution step 7.-4; And when present encoding unit is the 4th coding unit in current layer (as the CU1 in Fig. 4,3 and CU1,0,3) the degree of depth whether depth value that, judges present encoding unit is less than current maximum coding unit travels through interval maximum, if, the all coding units of lower one deck of judging present encoding unit can carry out early stage cutting, then perform step 7.-3, otherwise, do not deal with, then execution step 7.-5.
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 3, do not deal with, then execution step 7.-5.
7.-3, the rate distortion costs that compares the last layer coding unit of present encoding unit, add with the rate distortion costs sum of four coding units in current layer the value obtaining after the decision threshold of setting, if the former is less than the latter, it is more excellent that the last layer coding unit that present encoding unit is described is divided into four lower one deck coding units than it, therefore present encoding unit there is no need further to cut apart, can to present encoding unit, carry out early stage cutting in advance, determine lower one deck coding unit of present encoding unit is carried out to early stage cutting, then perform step 7.-5, if the former is more than or equal to the latter, determine lower one deck coding unit of present encoding unit is not carried out to early stage cutting, then perform step 7.-4.
In this specific embodiment, in step 7.-3, when the depth value of present encoding unit is 1, the decision threshold value of setting is 65; When the depth value of present encoding unit is 2, the decision threshold value of setting is 8.At this, the decision threshold of setting obtains by great many of experiments.
The degree of depth whether depth value that 7.-4, judges present encoding unit is less than current maximum coding unit travels through interval maximum, if, present encoding unit is further divided into 4 lower one deck coding units that size is identical, then using current pending coding unit in this lower one deck coding unit as present encoding unit, and using the layer at place, present encoding unit as current layer, return to again step 7.-2 and continue to carry out, otherwise, directly perform step 7.-5.At this, the depth value of the coding unit in current layer is that the depth value of lower one deck coding unit subtracts 1.
7.-5, present encoding cell encoding process finishes, then judge whether all coding units in the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit are all disposed, if, current maximum coding unit cataloged procedure finishes, then execution step 8., otherwise, judge again whether four coding units in current layer are all disposed, if four coding units in current layer are all disposed, using coding unit next pending in the last layer coding unit of current layer as present encoding unit, and using the layer at place, present encoding unit as current layer, then returning to step 7.-2 continues to carry out, if four coding units in current layer are untreated complete, using coding unit next pending in current layer as present encoding unit, then returning to step 7.-2 continues to carry out.At this, cataloged procedure finishes to refer to that present encoding unit has completed the selection of various predictive modes, while can further not be divided into four coding units of lower one deck again or four coding unit cataloged procedures of lower one deck finish, and present encoding unit just really finishes cataloged procedure.
8. using maximum coding unit next to be encoded in present frame as current maximum coding unit, then return to step and 3. continue to carry out, until all maximum coding unit in present frame is all encoded complete.
9. using the pending frame of next frame in HD video as present frame, then return to step and 2. continue to carry out, until all frames in HD video are all disposed, so far completed the fast coding of HD video.
Below for the inventive method is tested, so that validity and the feasibility of the inventive method to be described.
The inventive method test is mainly carried out on HEVC test model HM9.0.The hardware configuration of test platform is: Intel (R) Core (TM) i7-2600CPU, dominant frequency 3.40GHz, internal memory 16.0GB; Operating system is Windows7,64; Developing instrument is Microsoft Visual Studio2008.The main code parameter of test model HM9.0 is: high efficiency configuration, random access mode, coding frame number is 100 frames, quantization parameter QP(Quantization Parameters) be respectively 22,27,32 and 37, I group of picture GOP(Group of Pictures) length is 1, the length of non-I group of picture is 8, I frame period length IntraPeriod(Period of I-Frame) be 32.Adopt BD-PSNR(
Figure BDA0000393509540000112
delta peak signal-to-noise rate) and BDBR(
Figure BDA0000393509540000113
delta bit rate) represent the amplitude of variation of average peak signal to noise ratio PSNR and code check, Δ T (%) is used for presentation code time percentage change,
Figure BDA0000393509540000111
wherein, T pro, T hMbe respectively HM9.0 method and the inventive method scramble time used.
Table 1 has provided tests cycle tests used, and table 2 has provided and utilized each listed cycle tests of the inventive method his-and-hers watches 1 to carry out the encoder bit rate performance situation of fast coding.Compare with HM9.0 original coding method, the inventive method scramble time under random access mode has reduced by 39.60%～47.28%, BDBR has only increased approximately 1.88%, and BD-PSNR has only reduced 0.05dB.On the whole, in the situation that the video quality of the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method are consistent substantially, on average can reduce by 43.76% scramble time, effectively reduce encoder complexity.
Fig. 5 has provided and has utilized the inventive method compared to the saving of time percentage situation of utilizing HM9.0 original coding method his-and-hers watches 1 each listed cycle tests to encode.As can be seen from Figure 5, along with the increase of coded quantization parameter QP, the scramble time further reduces, and this mainly causes more greatly owing to quantizing more rough segmentation piece.Scramble time is saved percentage average out to more than 40%, and therefore, encoder complexity reduces obvious.
Fig. 6 a has provided the distortion performance curve comparison figure that utilizes the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method respectively Traffic cycle tests to be encoded, Fig. 6 b has provided the distortion performance curve comparison figure that utilizes the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method respectively Vidyo1 cycle tests to be encoded, Fig. 6 c has provided the distortion performance curve comparison figure that utilizes the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method respectively Johnny cycle tests to be encoded, Fig. 6 d has provided the distortion performance curve comparison figure that utilizes the inventive method and HM9.0 original coding method respectively Kimono1 cycle tests to be encoded.From Fig. 6 a to Fig. 6 d, can find out, utilize the inventive method the distortion performance curve that cycle tests is encoded and the distortion performance curve that utilizes HM9.0 original coding method to encode to cycle tests substantially to overlap, therefore, the video quality of two kinds of coding methods remains unchanged.
Fig. 7 a has provided the Quadtree Partition result schematic diagram of utilizing after HM9.0 original coding method is encoded to the 10th frame of KristenAndSara cycle tests under the condition of QP=32, and Fig. 7 b has provided the Quadtree Partition result schematic diagram of utilizing after the inventive method is encoded to the 10th frame of KristenAndSara cycle tests under the condition of QP=32.What in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b, white box represented the two does not mate part, from Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b, can find out, white box region occupies the minority in whole image, and it is close to cut apart the degree of depth, and therefore, whole distortion performance keeps relative stability.
Table 1 cycle tests
Sequence title Resolution Frame number Frame per second Bit-depth
Traffic 2560×1600 150 30fps 8
Kimono1 1920×1080 240 24fps 8
ParkScene 1920×1080 240 24fps 8
Cactus 1920×1080 500 50fps 8
BQTerrace 1920×1080 600 60fps 8
Johnny 1280×720 600 60fps 8
KristenAndSara 1280×720 600 60fps 8
Vidyo1 1280×720 600 60fps 8
Table 2 utilizes each listed cycle tests of the inventive method his-and-hers watches 1 to carry out the encoder bit rate performance of fast coding
Cycle tests BDBR/% BD-PSNR/dB ΔT/%
Traffic 2.39 -0.08 -43.99
Kimono1 0.95 -0.03 -45.50
ParkScene 2.10 -0.06 -39.60
Cactus 2.07 -0.04 -40.56
BQTerrace 0.86 -0.02 -40.92
Johnny 2.35 -0.05 -47.28
KristenAndSara 2.76 -0.10 -46.70
Vidyo1 1.55 -0.05 -45.51
On average 1.88 -0.05 -43.76

Claims (5)

1. a HEVC fast encoding method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. by current pending frame definition in HD video, be present frame;
2. current maximum coding unit to be encoded in present frame is defined as to current maximum coding unit;
3. the position in HD video and the position of current maximum coding unit in present frame according to present frame, determine the maximum coding unit of all predictions of current maximum coding unit, the prediction sets that the sets definition that the maximum coding unit of all predictions by current maximum coding unit is formed is current maximum coding unit, and be designated as Ω, wherein, Ω is that the maximum coding unit comprising in empty set or Ω is L, LT, T, at least one in COL1 and COL2, COL1 represents maximum coding unit identical with the coordinate position of current maximum coding unit in the forward reference frame of present frame, COL2 represents maximum coding unit identical with the coordinate position of current maximum coding unit in the backward reference frame of present frame, L represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the left side of current maximum coding unit, LT represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the limit, upper left of current maximum coding unit, T represents the adjacent maximum coding unit in the top of current maximum coding unit,
4. make DR predthe degree of depth that represents current maximum coding unit travels through interval types value, then establishes DR predtravel through interval one-to-one relationship with the degree of depth of current maximum coding unit, wherein, DR predfor integer, and 0≤DR pred≤ 5;
5. judge whether Ω equals complete or collected works U={COL1, COL2, L, LT, 6. T}, if so, perform step, otherwise, directly determine DR predvalue, then execution step 7.;
6. each the maximum coding unit in Ω is carried out to quad-tree structure type analysis, determine that the degree of depth of each the maximum coding unit in Ω travels through interval types value, then according to the degree of depth of each the maximum coding unit in Ω, travel through interval types value, obtain DR predvalue, then execution step 7.;
7. according to DR predvalue, the degree of depth traversal of determining current maximum coding unit is interval, then according to the degree of depth traversal of current maximum coding unit is interval, current maximum coding unit is traveled through to coding, in traversal cataloged procedure, current maximum coding unit is carried out to the early stage cutting of coding unit, and detailed process is:
7.-1, the interval interior current pending coding unit of the degree of depth traversal of current maximum coding unit is defined as to present encoding unit, the layer at place, present encoding unit is defined as to current layer;
7.-2, the position in current layer according to the depth value of present encoding unit and present encoding unit, judges whether all coding units of lower one deck of present encoding unit can carry out early stage cutting, and detailed process is:
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 0, judges all coding units of lower one deck of present encoding unit are not carried out to early stage cutting, then execution step 7.-4;
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 1 or 2, when present encoding unit is in current layer the 1st or the 2nd or the 3rd coding unit, judgement is not carried out early stage cutting to all coding units of lower one deck of present encoding unit, then execution step 7.-4; And when present encoding unit is the 4th coding unit in current layer, the degree of depth whether depth value that judges present encoding unit is less than current maximum coding unit travels through interval maximum, if, the all coding units of lower one deck of judging present encoding unit can carry out early stage cutting, then perform step 7.-3, otherwise, do not deal with, then execution step 7.-5;
If the depth value of present encoding unit is 3, do not deal with, then execution step 7.-5;
7. the rate distortion costs that-3, compares the last layer coding unit of present encoding unit, add with the rate distortion costs sum of four coding units in current layer the value obtaining after the decision threshold of setting, if the former is less than the latter, determine lower one deck coding unit of present encoding unit is carried out to early stage cutting, then perform step 7.-5, if the former is more than or equal to the latter, determines lower one deck coding unit of present encoding unit is not carried out to early stage cutting, then execution step 7.-4;
The degree of depth whether depth value that 7.-4, judges present encoding unit is less than current maximum coding unit travels through interval maximum, if, present encoding unit is further divided into 4 lower one deck coding units that size is identical, then using current pending coding unit in this lower one deck coding unit as present encoding unit, and using the layer at place, present encoding unit as current layer, return to again step 7.-2 and continue to carry out, otherwise, directly perform step 7.-5;
7.-5, present encoding cell encoding process finishes, then judge whether all coding units in the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit are all disposed, if, current maximum coding unit cataloged procedure finishes, then execution step 8., otherwise, judge again whether four coding units in current layer are all disposed, if four coding units in current layer are all disposed, using coding unit next pending in the last layer coding unit of current layer as present encoding unit, and using the layer at place, present encoding unit as current layer, then returning to step 7.-2 continues to carry out, if four coding units in current layer are untreated complete, using coding unit next pending in current layer as present encoding unit, then returning to step 7.-2 continues to carry out,
8. using maximum coding unit next to be encoded in present frame as current maximum coding unit, then return to step and 3. continue to carry out, until all maximum coding unit in present frame is all encoded complete;
9. using the pending frame of next frame in HD video as present frame, then return to step and 2. continue to carry out, until all frames in HD video are all disposed, so far completed the fast coding of HD video.
2. a kind of HEVC fast encoding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the deterministic process of the prediction sets Ω of current maximum coding unit during described step is is 3.:
If present frame is the 1st frame in the I group of picture in HD video,, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω is empty set; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ L, LT, T};
If present frame is the 1st frame or last 1 frame in the non-I group of picture in HD video, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω={ COL1, COL2}; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L, LT, T};
If present frame is the arbitrary frame in the 2nd frame to the 7 frames in the non-I group of picture in HD video, when current maximum coding unit is the 1st maximum coding unit in present frame, Ω={ COL1, COL2}; During all the other maximum coding units in current maximum coding unit the 1st row that are present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, T}; During all the other maximum coding units in the 1st row that current maximum coding unit is present frame except the 1st maximum coding unit, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L}; When current maximum coding unit be in present frame except the 1st row and the 1st row all the other maximum coding units time, Ω={ COL1, COL2, L, LT, T}.
3. a kind of HEVC fast encoding method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that 4. middle DR of described step predtraveling through interval one-to-one relationship with the degree of depth of current maximum coding unit is: work as DR pred=0 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,1]; Work as DR pred=1 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,2]; Work as DR pred=2 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [1,2]; Work as DR pred=3 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [1,3]; Work as DR pred=4 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [2,3]; Work as DR pred=5 o'clock, the degree of depth traversal interval of current maximum coding unit was [0,3].
4. a kind of HEVC fast encoding method according to claim 3, is characterized in that during described step 5. directly definite DR predvalue be 5; Described step detailed process is 6.:
6.-1, calculate each maximum coding unit in Ω given reference depth value be respectively 0,1,2,3 o'clock absolute depth error and, the absolute depth error by the j in Ω maximum coding unit when given reference depth value is d and being designated as
Figure FDA0000393509530000031
wherein, 1≤j≤5, depth ithe depth value that represents the basic unit of storage that i size in j maximum coding unit in Ω is 4 * 4, depth ispan be [0,3], the value of d is 0 or 1 or 2 or 3, symbol " || " is the symbol that takes absolute value;
6.-2, current pending j in Ω maximum coding unit is defined as to active cell;
6.-3, order from small to large according to value, active cell is respectively the absolute depth error of 0,1,2,3 o'clock and is sorted in given reference depth value, then two of selective value minimum absolute depth errors and as two candidate item of active cell, after sequence the 2nd with the 3rd absolute depth error with value when identical, select absolute depth error that d value is little and as one of them candidate item of active cell;
If two candidate item of 6.-4 active cells are respectively
Figure FDA0000393509530000041
with
Figure FDA0000393509530000042
and meet it is 0 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively with
Figure FDA0000393509530000045
and meet
Figure FDA0000393509530000046
it is 2 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively
Figure FDA0000393509530000047
with
Figure FDA0000393509530000048
and meet
Figure FDA0000393509530000049
it is 3 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; If two candidate item of active cell are respectively
Figure FDA00003935095300000410
with and meet
Figure FDA00003935095300000412
it is 4 that the degree of depth of determining active cell travels through interval types value; Wherein,
Figure FDA00003935095300000413
corresponding represent the maximum coding unit of the j in Ω given reference depth value be 0,1,2,3 o'clock absolute depth error and;
6.-5, make j=j+1, using maximum coding unit next pending in Ω as active cell, then returning to step 6.-3 continues to carry out, until five maximum coding units in Ω are all disposed, the degree of depth that obtains each the maximum coding unit in Ω travels through interval types value, wherein, "=" in j=j+1 is assignment;
6.-6, build a types value candidate list, and such offset candidate list is initialized as to [1,5,5,5,5,5,3];
6.-7, by the degree of depth of five maximum coding units in Ω, travel through five values middle in interval types value alternative type value candidate list, obtain new types value candidate list, then according to value order from small to large sorts to seven types values in new types value candidate list, then gets intermediate value in the types value candidate list after sequence as DR predvalue.
5. a kind of HEVC fast encoding method according to claim 4, is characterized in that in described step 7.-3 that, when the depth value of present encoding unit is 1, the decision threshold value of setting is 65; When the depth value of present encoding unit is 2, the decision threshold value of setting is 8.
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