CN103532445A - Start control device for heavy load start of motor and control method of device - Google Patents
Start control device for heavy load start of motor and control method of device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103532445A CN103532445A CN201310511135.XA CN201310511135A CN103532445A CN 103532445 A CN103532445 A CN 103532445A CN 201310511135 A CN201310511135 A CN 201310511135A CN 103532445 A CN103532445 A CN 103532445A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a start control device for heavy load start of a motor and a control method of the device. The start control device comprises a first contactor, a second contactor, a thermal relay, a switch and a control module, wherein the control module is used for controlling the first contactor and the second contactor to be switched on or off; one end of the switch is connected with a power supply and the control module; the other end of the switch is connected with input ends of the first contactor and the second contactor; an output end of the first contactor is connected with a motor; and an output end of the second contactor is connected with the motor through the thermal relay. According to the start control device and the control method, when the motor is started, the control module opens a start loop; after the motor is started for a certain period of time, the control module switches and opens an operation loop, so that the start loop and the operation loop are independent mutually and don't influence each other, a large current produced during the start of the motor can be avoided, and the circuit structure can also be simplified; and the control manner is simple, overload and default phase protection of the circuit can be realized, and the start control cost of the motor is also greatly saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric motor starting technical field, particularly a kind of startup control device and control method thereof of motor heavy load starting.
Background technology
Motor drags and is applied to all trades and professions, and the scope of application is very extensive.Impact to electrical network while starting for fear of heavy-duty motor, the low-power machine that common practices is power≤22KW can directly start, and the motor of power > 22KW need adopt reduced-voltage starting mode.Low-power machine is when needs heavy load starting, and the large electric current of lasting long period when allowing the protection device of motor can avoid motor heavy load starting in motor heavy load starting process, has following several solution at present:
Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, MF wherein is all expressed as motor.As can be seen from Figure 1, the first embodiment adopts the electronic thermal relay FR1(of air switch QF1+ A.C. contactor KM1+ to adopt 30 grades of 20 grades of CLASS or CLASS) as startup and the protection loop of the heavily loaded motor directly starting.As can be seen from Figure 2, the second embodiment adopts motor protection circuit breaker QF2(to possess CLASS20 or CLASS 30 trip grades)+A.C. contactor KM2 is as the startup of the heavily loaded motor of direct startup and protection loop.As can be seen from Figure 3, the 3rd embodiment adopts quick fuse apparatus FU1+ soft initiator FCS(to have current limliting, bypass, phase shortage function)+A.C. contactor KM3 is as the startup of motor heavy duty and protection loop.As can be seen from Figure 4, the 4th embodiment adopts quick fuse apparatus FU2+ frequency converter B PQ+ A.C. contactor KM4 as the startup of motor heavy duty and protection loop.
Although the startup that above 4 embodiment provide and protection loop continue the large electric current of long period in the time of avoiding motor heavy load starting, the startup that their cost adopts while applying than the non-heavy load starting of motor and protection loop cost are much higher.Minimum in cost is the first embodiment, and second and third embodiment increases progressively, and the 4th embodiment is the highest.Although the cost of the first embodiment is minimum, the electric motor starting configuring while comparing the non-heavy load starting application of same power motor and the cost in protection loop, also exceed a lot.The type of device that has its source in and adopt of price difference, as the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of the electronic thermal relay of CLASS20 level or CLASS30 level and CLASS10 level, the former is about 15 times of left and right of the latter.In 11KW motor, to select the cost of the electronic thermal relay of CLASS20 grade to be about 800 ~ 900 yuan, and select the cost of the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS 10 grades to be about 50 ~ 60 yuan, it is huge that cost differs.The soft initiator FCS adopting in the 3rd embodiment, the price of frequency converter B PQ is not identical yet with adopting in the 4th embodiment, and cost differs larger and higher.
Thereby prior art need to improve.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of startup control device and control method thereof of motor heavy load starting, to solve startup and the high problem of protection loop cost of existing heavily loaded motor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taked following technical scheme:
A startup control device for heavy load starting, it comprises the first contactor, the second contactor, thermal relay, switch, and for controlling the control module of the first contactor and the second contactor break-make; One end of described switch connects power supply and control module, and the other end of switch connects the input of the first contactor and the second contactor, and the output of the first contactor connects motor, and the output of the second contactor connects motor by thermal relay.
In the startup control device of described motor heavy load starting, described the first contactor and the second contactor are A.C. contactor.
In the startup control device of described motor heavy load starting, described switch is air switch.
In the startup control device of described motor heavy load starting, described thermal relay is the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS 10 trip grades.
In the startup control device of described motor heavy load starting, described control module comprises midget relay, the time relay, start button and stop button; The first normally opened contact of described midget relay is connected in parallel on the two ends of start button, one end of start button connects one end of coil of midget relay and one end of the coil of the time relay by stop button, one end of the contact of the other end, power supply and the thermal relay of the coil of the other end connect hours relay of the coil of midget relay; The other end of the contact of thermal relay successively by the normally-closed contact of the time relay, the normally-closed contact of the coil of the first contactor, the second contactor connects one end of the second normally opened contact of midget relay, the other end of the contact of thermal relay also successively by the normally opened contact of the time relay, the normally-closed contact of the coil of the second contactor, the first contactor connects one end of the second normally opened contact of midget relay, the other end of the second normally opened contact of described midget relay connects the other end of start button and one end of switch.
In the startup control device of described motor heavy load starting, the described time relay is the on-delay formula time relay.
A startup control method for the startup control device of motor heavy load starting, it comprises:
When A, electric motor starting, control the first contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the disconnection of the second contactor, to motor, power supply makes motor rotation in the startup loop that power supply forms through switch, the first contactor;
When B, Preset Time reach, control the second contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the disconnection of the first contactor, to motor, power supply makes motor rotation to the operating loop that power supply forms through switch, the second contactor, thermal relay.
In described startup control method, also comprise step:
C, when receiving while ceasing and desisting order, control the first contactor and the second contactor and disconnect, stop power supply and make motor out of service.
In described startup control method, in steps A, B, also comprise the operating state of thermal relay is detected, when judgement thermal relay fault or disconnection, stop motor operation.
Compared to prior art, startup control device and the control method thereof of motor heavy load starting provided by the invention, formed and started loop by the first contactor, by the second contactor, thermal relay, forms operating loop; When electric motor starting, by control module, open and start loop; electric motor starting after a period of time control module switch and to open operating loop; make to start loop and operating loop relatively independent and be independent of each other; large electric current in the time of can avoiding electric motor starting; can simplify circuit structure again; its control mode is simple, can realize overload and the open-phase protection of circuit, has also greatly saved the startup of motor and has controlled cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing motor heavy load starting control device the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of existing motor heavy load starting control device the second embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of existing motor heavy load starting control device the 3rd embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of existing motor heavy load starting control device the 4th embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the startup control device preferred embodiment of motor heavy load starting of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the method flow diagram of control method of the startup control device of motor heavy load starting of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of startup control device and control method thereof of motor heavy load starting, mainly for power, be less than the motor of 22KW when heavy load starting is applied, by the protection device of preferred type, reduce motor heavy load starting cost.The present invention adopts A.C. contactor (low cost) to realize startup loop; The Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of A.C. contactor+CLASS10 level (general type) is realized operating loop; both the large electric current in the time of can avoiding electric motor starting; can provide omnidistance short-circuit protection to motor again, after startup, overload and the default-phase protection function of whole process, also provide cost savings greatly.
For making object of the present invention, technical scheme and effect clearer, clear and definite, referring to accompanying drawing, developing simultaneously, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 5, the startup control device of motor heavy load starting provided by the invention comprises the first contactor KM1, the second contactor KM2, thermal relay FR1, switch QF, and for controlling the control module 10 of the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 break-make; One end of described switch QF connects power supply and control module 10, the other end of switch QF connects the input of the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2, the output of the first contactor KM1 connects motor M F, and the output of the second contactor KM2 connects motor M F by thermal relay FR1.
Wherein, the power of described motor M F is less than 22KW.That is to say, startup control device provided by the invention is mainly used in the heavy load starting protection of low-power machine.In the present embodiment, by the first contactor KM1, form and start loop, by the second contactor KM2 and thermal relay FR1, form operating loop, the relatively independent and common switch QF in these two loops, by switch, QF provides power supply.
When motor M F starts, control module is exported corresponding control signal and is made the first contactor KM1 adhesive, and electric current passes through switch QF, the first contactor KM1 successively to motor M F, makes motor M F energising running, and the second contactor KM2 is in off-state simultaneously.When motor M F starts after Preset Time, control signal changes when the first contactor KM1 is disconnected makes the second contactor KM2 adhesive, electric current pass through successively switch QF, the second contactor KM2, thermal relay FR1 to motor M F, makes motor M F energising running.
Described the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 are A.C. contactor.In order to save cost, described thermal relay FR1 can adopt the thermal relay of low-cost CLASS10 grade.
The thermal relay FR1 that the present embodiment adopts can realize overload and the open-phase protection of motor M F; starting loop and operating loop all can detect the operating state of thermal relay FR1; to guarantee thermal relay FR1 fault or when the off-state, this startup control device can stop the operation of motor immediately.Can adopt in the specific implementation the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS 10 trip grades.The thermal relay cost of this grade is more much lower (as 800 ~ 900 yuan of the need of 20 grades of CLASS than other grade; 50 ~ 60 yuan of the need that CLASS is 10 grades); after electric motor starting completes; protection requirement when the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS 10 trip grades has met motor completely and normally moves; therefore; the thermal relay of selecting the type, can not only greatly reduce the cost of low-power machine heavy load starting control device, and can guarantee the normal operation of motor.
In order to realize the short-circuit protection of motor M F, more preferably, described switch QF adopts air switch, the short circuit that it can be to circuit. and serious overload waits to be protected in time, is specially adapted to motor application.
The control signal of control module 10 output need meet before motor M F starts and reaches to Preset Time, and the first contactor KM1 adhesive and the second contactor KM2 disconnect, and motor M F is by starting loop power supply; After Preset Time reaches, switch to the first contactor KM1 and disconnect and the second contactor KM2 adhesive, motor M F is powered by operating loop.Within time of small machine heavy load starting is generally about 5 seconds, complete, so described Preset Time is generally greater than 5 seconds and is less than 10 seconds.This Preset Time reaches when front motor MF starts and produces large electric current, now adopts to start loop power supply and can allow the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of common trip grade escape smoothly this large electric current, avoid ordinary hot relay when electric motor starting because super-high-current is threaded off.
In the specific implementation, described control signal need guarantee that the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 mechanically interlock, and while guaranteeing a contactor adhesive, another contactor must disconnect, and avoids short circuit.The invention provides a kind of execution mode of control module 10, please continue to refer to Fig. 5, described control module 10 comprises midget relay, the time relay, start button SB1 and stop button SB2, the first normally opened contact KA_NO1 of described midget relay is connected in parallel on the two ends of start button SB1, one end of start button SB1 connects one end of coil KA_QC of midget relay and one end of the coil KT_QC of the time relay, one end of the contact FR1_H of the other end, power supply and the thermal relay FR1 of the coil KT_QC of the other end connect hours relay of the coil KA_QC of midget relay by stop button SB2, the other end of the contact FR1_H of thermal relay FR1 is successively by the normally-closed contact KT_NC of the time relay, the coil KM1_QC of the first contactor KM1, the normally-closed contact KM2_NC of the second contactor KM2 connects one end of the second normally opened contact KA_NO2 of midget relay, the other end of the contact FR1_H of thermal relay FR1 is also successively by the normally opened contact KT_NO of the time relay, the coil KM2_QC of the second contactor KM2, the normally-closed contact KM1_NC of the first contactor KM1 connects one end of the second normally opened contact KA_NO2 of midget relay, the other end of the second normally opened contact KA_NO2 of described midget relay connects the other end of start button SB1 and one end of switch QF.
When pressing start button SB1, midget relay KA1 obtains electric adhesive, and the time relay starts timing simultaneously, and the now coil KM1_QC of the first contactor KM1 energising makes the main contacts adhesive of the first contactor KM1, the first contactor KM1 work; The normally-closed contact KM1_NC (being also normally closed auxiliary contact) of the first contactor KM1 disconnects simultaneously, and mechanical interlocking second contactor KM2 when the first contactor KM1 adhesive disconnects certainly.After time relay timing time (being Preset Time) reaches, the normally-closed contact KT_NC of the time relay disconnects, the coil KM1_QC dead electricity of the first contactor KM1 and the main contacts of the first contactor KM1 is disconnected, the normally-closed contact KM1_NC of the first contactor KM1 is closed, the normally opened contact KT_NO of the time relay is closed, make the coil KM2_QC energising of the second contactor KM2, the second contactor KM2 work, the normally-closed contact KM2_NC of the second contactor KM2 (being also normally closed auxiliary contact) disconnects, mechanical interlocking first contactor KM1 when the second contactor KM2 adhesive disconnects certainly, thereby realize the switching starting between loop and operating loop.Be controlled at switching time in 10 seconds and complete, because the time is very short, the overload of motor and open-phase protection are not impacted substantially.
Be specially: start button SB1 presses and makes the coil KT_QC of the time relay and the coil KA_QC of midget relay energising, and the normally-closed contact KT_NC closure of the time relay, the time relay start meter; The first normally opened contact KA_NO1 of midget relay and the second normally opened contact KA_NO2 are all closed, guarantee to keep power circuit after start button SB1 upsprings.Simultaneously, the contact FR1_H of thermal relay FR1 is closed, normally-closed contact KT_NC closure and its normally opened contact KT_NO disconnection due to the time relay, the coil KM1_QC energising of the first contactor KM1 makes the first contactor KM1 work, and the coil KM2_QC no power of the second contactor KM2 the second contactor KM2 disconnection is not worked.The normally-closed contact KM1_NC of the first contactor KM1 disconnects, and the normally-closed contact KM2_NC of the second contactor KM2 is closed, forms mechanical interlocked on circuit.The startup loop now being formed by switch QF, the first contactor KM1 powers to motor M F, motor M F running.
After Preset Time reaches, the normally-closed contact KT_NC of the time relay disconnects and its normally opened contact KT_NO closure, the coil KM1_QC no power of the first contactor KM1 makes its contact KM1_NC closed, the coil KM2_QC energising of the second contactor KM2 disconnects its contact KM2_NC, the first contactor KM1 disconnects, the second contactor KM2 work.The operating loop now being formed by switch QF, the second contactor KM2, thermal relay FR1 is powered to motor M F, motor M F running.
When stop button SB2 presses, whole control module power-off, starts control device and stops power supply, and motor M F shuts down.
Should be understood that, above-mentioned control module 10 can also have other circuit structures, as long as can realize at electric motor starting within Preset Time, controls the first contactor KM1 and obtains electric adhesive and the second contactor KM2 disconnection; After Preset Time reaches, control the function that the first contactor KM1 disconnection and the second contactor KM2 obtain electric adhesive, these circuit structures all should be in protection scope of the present invention.In addition, control module 10 can also adopt software program to control and realize above-mentioned functions, and the present invention is not restricted this.
The startup control device of the motor heavy load starting based on above-mentioned, the present invention is the corresponding startup control method that a kind of startup control device based on above-mentioned motor heavy load starting is provided also, refers to Fig. 6, and described startup control method comprises:
When S100, electric motor starting, control the first contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the disconnection of the second contactor, to motor, power supply makes motor rotation in the startup loop that power supply forms through switch, the first contactor;
When S200, Preset Time reach, control the second contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the disconnection of the first contactor, to motor, power supply makes motor rotation to the operating loop that power supply forms through switch, the second contactor, thermal relay.
It will be appreciated that, startup control method provided by the invention is the improvement to existing low-power machine heavy load starting method.In existing start-up circuit, only there is a current supply circuit, the large electric current in order to allow relevant electric motor protecting device escape electric motor starting smoothly time and realize corresponding defencive function, selected device cost is very high.The present invention has designed two current supply circuits---start loop and operating loop.The startup control method adopting is: the startup loop of controlling cost lower during electric motor starting powers to motor; (now large electric current disappears) controlling run loop power supply when Preset Time reaches; can save cost like this, the impact of the large electric current in the time of avoiding motor heavy load starting again to electric motor protecting device.
When receiving while ceasing and desisting order, control the first contactor and the second contactor disconnects simultaneously, can stop power supply and make motor out of service.
Safety in operation in order to ensure starting control device, when carrying out step S100 and S200, all will detect the operating state of thermal relay, stops motor operation when judgement thermal relay fault or disconnection.
In sum, in the startup control device and control method thereof of motor heavy load starting provided by the invention, by the first contactor, form and start loop, by the second contactor, thermal relay, form operating loop; When electric motor starting, by the first contactor cheaply, to motor, powered; after reaching, Preset Time by operating loop, motor is powered; the first contactor and the second contactor are carried out to interlocking design mechanically; avoid short circuit; make to start loop and operating loop relatively independent and be independent of each other; the impact of large electric current in the time of can avoiding electric motor starting to electric motor protecting device, can simplify circuit structure again, saves controlling cost of electric motor starting.
In addition; the switch starting in control device adopts air switch can realize short-circuit protection; the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS 10 trip grades that adopt can be realized overload and the open-phase protection of motor; starting loop and operating loop all adopts lower-cost the first contactor and the second contactor to automatically switch; the cost of these devices is lower, and the startup that has greatly reduced existing motor is controlled cost.
Be understandable that, for those of ordinary skills, can be equal to replacement or change according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, and all these changes or replacement all should belong to the protection range of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a startup control device for motor heavy load starting, is characterized in that, comprises the first contactor, the second contactor, thermal relay, switch, and for controlling the control module of the first contactor and the second contactor break-make; One end of described switch connects power supply and control module, and the other end of switch connects the input of the first contactor and the second contactor, and the output of the first contactor connects motor, and the output of the second contactor connects motor by thermal relay.
2. the startup control device of motor heavy load starting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first contactor and the second contactor are A.C. contactor.
3. the startup control device of motor heavy load starting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described switch is air switch.
4. the startup control device of motor heavy load starting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described thermal relay is the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS 10 trip grades.
5. the startup control device of motor heavy load starting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described control module comprises midget relay, the time relay, start button and stop button; The first normally opened contact of described midget relay is connected in parallel on the two ends of start button, one end of start button connects one end of coil of midget relay and one end of the coil of the time relay by stop button, one end of the contact of the other end, power supply and the thermal relay of the coil of the other end connect hours relay of the coil of midget relay; The other end of the contact of thermal relay successively by the normally-closed contact of the time relay, the normally-closed contact of the coil of the first contactor, the second contactor connects one end of the second normally opened contact of midget relay, the other end of the contact of thermal relay also successively by the normally opened contact of the time relay, the normally-closed contact of the coil of the second contactor, the first contactor connects one end of the second normally opened contact of midget relay, the other end of the second normally opened contact of described midget relay connects the other end of start button and one end of switch.
6. the startup control device of motor heavy load starting according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the described time relay is the on-delay formula time relay.
7. a startup control method for the startup control device of motor heavy load starting as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprising:
When A, electric motor starting, control the first contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the disconnection of the second contactor, to motor, power supply makes motor rotation in the startup loop that power supply forms through switch, the first contactor;
When B, Preset Time reach, control the second contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the disconnection of the first contactor, to motor, power supply makes motor rotation to the operating loop that power supply forms through switch, the second contactor, thermal relay.
8. startup control method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, also comprises step:
C, when receiving while ceasing and desisting order, control the first contactor and the second contactor and disconnect, stop power supply and make motor out of service.
9. startup control method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in steps A, B, also comprises the operating state of thermal relay is detected, and stops motor operation when judgement thermal relay fault or disconnection.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310511135.XA CN103532445B (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | A kind of startup control device of heavy load start of motor and control method thereof |
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| CN201310511135.XA CN103532445B (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | A kind of startup control device of heavy load start of motor and control method thereof |
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| CN103532445A true CN103532445A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103532445B CN103532445B (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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| CN106907342A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-30 | 上海宝钢化工有限公司 | A kind of control device of the medium-sized heating furnace blower fan of driving |
| CN109768592A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-05-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | A kind of integrated power supply unit of Gyros rod meter |
| CN115561629A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-01-03 | 中核检修有限公司 | Portable motor no-load test device |
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| JPS5935588A (en) * | 1982-08-20 | 1984-02-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Motor control system for ship |
| DE4237899A1 (en) * | 1991-11-12 | 1993-05-13 | Peter Poeck | Local controller for electrical drive motors - has multi-phase supply with phases coupled to switching units and safety circuit to protect motor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109768592A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-05-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | A kind of integrated power supply unit of Gyros rod meter |
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| CN115561629B (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-09-01 | 中核检修有限公司 | Portable motor no-load test device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103532445B (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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