CN103528516B - Optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line - Google Patents
Optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line Download PDFInfo
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- CN103528516B CN103528516B CN201310486081.6A CN201310486081A CN103528516B CN 103528516 B CN103528516 B CN 103528516B CN 201310486081 A CN201310486081 A CN 201310486081A CN 103528516 B CN103528516 B CN 103528516B
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Abstract
Optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line disclosed by the invention, relates to the pantograph carbon slide Abrasion detecting technology for railway locomotive or railcar or motor train unit etc., belongs to train safe and travel monitoring field.The present invention includes light source, multi-core fiber plug, optical fiber type abrasion sensor, photoelectrical coupler, signal processing unit; Utilize the logical optical property of optical fiber, optical fiber type is worn away sensor and be installed on pantograph carbon slide abrasion district, when wearing away generation, cause optical fiber breakdown, the logical impaired disappearance of optical property, by the statistical study to multifiber break-make situation, provides the wearing valve of pantograph carbon slide.The present invention can realize the online real-time omnidistance detection of dynamic of pantograph carbon slide abrasion of railway locomotive or railcar or motor train unit etc.Precision of the present invention is high, antijamming capability is strong, the life-span is long, cost is low, can be automatic lifting bow and pantograph carbon slide replacing foundation is provided, support the analysis of pantograph contact line relation simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of abrasion online measuring technique of Optical Fiber Transmission principle, particularly relate to the pantograph carbon slide Abrasion detecting technology for railway locomotive or railcar or motor train unit etc., belong to train safe and travel monitoring field.
Background technology
Fibre Optical Sensor is at present fast-developing New Sensing Technology, the advantage such as have good insulating, electromagnetism interference, environmental corrosion resisting, highly sensitive, transmission range is long, structure is dexterous; Electric railway motorcycle pantograph carbon slipper abrasion state is the important detection position ensureing safety of railway operation, and the real-time online of its wearing valve detects for being elevated bow, repair and replacement in time in time to ensure that railway operation is significant safely.Pantograph carbon slide is that train obtains the diversion component of electric power from power transmission network, the pantograph of railway locomotive or railcar or motor train unit and the good contact of power transmission network decide the key problem that can train obtain enough traction powers safe and reliable operation, and its detection requirement measuring system has high pressure resistant, electromagnetism interference, lightweight, the feature that adapts to field environment.
The contrast of existing detection method:
1, traditional detection mode
The method of the manual detection that the many employings of pantograph carbon slide Abrasion detecting are traditional, namely the train section of entering, stop, fall bow, power-off, staff climbs up roof, with the wearing and tearing of special gage measuring pantograph, observes with or without abnormal wear etc.The method efficiency is low, measuring accuracy is poor and can only detect the abrasion state of small part train pantograph according to schedule every day, has no idea to measure completely, there is very large potential safety hazard to the paroxysmal abnormal wear of pantograph.
2, intellectualized detection mode
The pantograph pan wearing and tearing self-operated measuring unit of exploitation both at home and abroad at present.All adopt be fixed on overhead on ultrasonic sensor send ultrasound wave, deliver on pantograph carbon slide that low speed passes through by air transmission, then ultrasonic reflections turns back on sensor, then according to hyperacoustic transmission time and velocity of wave at that time, obtain slide plate thickness afterwards as calculated, detect the concavo-convex and groove of sled surface; Or be fixed on overhead on laser measurement system send laser scanning beam, the pantograph carbon slide that low speed passes through is scanned or taken a picture, then self-verifying can be gone out slide plate and transfinite and the abnormal occurrence such as stepped mill, breach, warpage by image procossing: or be fixed on overhead on camera, camera system, the pantograph carbon slide passed through low speed is taken a picture, is made a video recording, and then self-verifying can be gone out slide plate and transfinite and the abnormal occurrence such as stepped mill, breach, warpage by image procossing.It is larger that intellectualized detection mode is subject to weather condition impact,, atmospheric pollution not good at air regime is serious, cannot effectively carry out ultrasound wave or videographic measurment of taking pictures, simultaneously due to measurement mechanism be arranged on fixing overhead on, cannot wear away that situation is carried out in real time to train pantograph slide plate, whole process, dynamic monitoring.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters solved by the invention is the online real-time omnidistance detection of dynamic of pantograph carbon slide abrasion utilizing Optical Fiber Transmission principle to realize railway locomotive or railcar or motor train unit etc.Precision of the present invention is high, antijamming capability is strong, the life-span is long, cost is low, can be automatic bow-lowering and pantograph carbon slide and changes and provide foundation, support the analysis of pantograph contact line relation simultaneously.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line of the present invention, utilize the logical optical property of optical fiber, optical fiber type is worn away sensor and be installed on pantograph carbon slide abrasion district, when wearing away generation, cause optical fiber breakdown, the logical impaired disappearance of optical property, by the statistical study to multifiber break-make situation, provides the wearing valve of pantograph carbon slide.
Optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line of the present invention, comprises light source, multi-core fiber plug, optical fiber type abrasion sensor, photoelectrical coupler, signal processing unit.
Light source, photoelectrical coupler all wear away sensor by multi-core fiber plug and optical fiber type and are connected to form complete optical path, and optical fiber type abrasion sensor is fixed on pantograph carbon slide side by adhesive means or is embedded in carbon slipper inside.When pantograph carbon slide operationally produces wearing and tearing, in optical fiber type abrasion sensor, corresponding optical fiber ruptures, corresponding light path is unglazed to be passed through, be attached thereto the photoelectrical coupler output signal connect to change, record change amount signal by pantograph signal processing unit, obtain abrasion position and the wear data of pantograph carbon slide.Optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line of the present invention is onboard system, can obtain pantograph carbon slide abrasion condition omnidistance, in real time.
Light source, photoelectrical coupler all wear away sensor by multi-core fiber plug and optical fiber type and are connected to form complete optical path, and described complete optical path is laid mode by the following two kinds and realized:
Transmission-type lays mode: light source sends light beam, wears away sensor by optical fiber type, is transmitted into photoelectrical coupler, forms complete transmission-type light path.Signal processing unit is connected with photoelectrical coupler by shielded cable.Transmission-type is laid mode and is comprised two multi-core fiber plugs, and dismounting is inconvenient, but cost is lower.
Reflective laying mode: light source sends light beam, and light beam wears away sensor by optical fiber type, is reflected into photoelectrical coupler at the optical fiber type abrasion sensor other end by light echo body, forms complete reflected light path.Described light echo body is the cavity by grinding formation.Signal processing unit is connected with photoelectrical coupler by shielded cable.Reflective laying mode only has a multi-core fiber plug, easy accessibility, but needs at optical fiber type abrasion sensor one end processing light echo body, complex process.
Optical fiber abrasion sensor comprises optical fiber radical, fibre diameter and each optical fiber and pastes the accuracy of detection requirement of spacing foundation and set.Optical fiber type abrasion sensor be lying side-by-side at suprabasil high-temperature resistant optical fiber band, its choice of the substrates compound substance, macromolecule flexible material.The precision that spacing determines optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line pasted by fibre diameter in high-temperature resistant optical fiber band and each optical fiber, and it is higher that the less then measuring accuracy of spacing pasted by thinner, each optical fiber of high-temperature resistant optical fiber diameter.
Optical fiber abrasion sensor can apply to the different occasions such as high ferro, motor-car, subway, and its concrete size also can use the size of carbon slipper according to different occasion and set.
Optical fiber type abrasion sensor, therefore can high pressure resistant, anti-strong electromagnetic not containing electromagnetic element or other conductive materials; Optical fiber type abrasion sensor is that silicon material is formed, and environmental corrosion resisting, is convenient to On-line sampling system.
Light source selects infrared band LED or visible light wave range LED.
Multi-core fiber plug is used for each discrete optical device and connects, preferably ceramic plug-in type clustering ring.
The light signal that photoelectrical coupler is used for optical fiber type to wear away sensor collection is converted into electric signal.Select photodetector or CCD.
The electric signal that signal processing unit is used for photoelectrical coupler to send carries out analog to digital conversion, processes in real time the digital signal obtained, and obtains the full course of work abrasion condition of pantograph carbon slide.Select the signal processing circuit be made up of DSP or FPGA.
Beneficial effect:
1, the present invention is installed on pantograph carbon slide body, can move, detect in real time to the virtual condition of testee with testee.
2, on-the-spot adaptable: optical fiber type abrasion sensor good insulating can high pressure resistant, anti-strong electromagnetic, environmental corrosion resisting, is convenient to On-line sampling system;
3, high precision: within pantograph carbon slide wearing valve monitoring accuracy is brought up to 0.2mm;
4, structure is dexterous: optical fiber type abrasion sensor construction is light and handy, and being convenient to be installed on increases responsive pantograph carbon slide position to weight;
5, maintainable good: to utilize multi-core fiber plug, optical fiber type is worn away sensor and be separated with light source, photoelectrical coupler, be convenient to spot replace.
6, usable range is wide, and type of service is flexible, various: optical fiber abrasion sensor can apply in the carbon slipper Abrasion detecting of the different occasions such as high ferro, motor-car, subway, and its size also can set according to carbon slipper size flexibly.
7, optical fiber sensing technology is used for pantograph carbon slide abrasion monitoring, is that one combines cleverly, there is the remarkable advantage that scene is adaptable, monitoring is reliable, structure is dexterous.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide of the present invention abrasion Real-time and On-line employing transmission-type laying mode;
Fig. 2 is optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide of the present invention abrasion Real-time and On-line schematic diagram when adopting reflective laying mode;
Wherein: 1-light source, 2-multi-core fiber plug, 3-optical fiber type abrasion sensor, 4-photoelectrical coupler, 5-signal processing unit, 6-light echo body, 7-answer the smooth optic fibre, 8-deluster optical fiber, 9-substrate, 10-pantograph carbon slide, 11-detection threshold position.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line of the present embodiment, comprises light source [1], multi-core fiber plug [2], optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3], photoelectrical coupler [4], signal processing unit [5].
Multi-core fiber plug [2] connects for each discrete optical device, the plug-in type clustering ring that preferably ceramic makes.
Optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] selects transmission-type to lay mode, and light source [1] sends light beam, wears away sensor [3] by optical fiber type, is transmitted into photoelectrical coupler [4], forms complete transmission-type light path.Signal processing unit [5] is connected with photoelectrical coupler [4] by shielded cable.Optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] is fixed on pantograph carbon slide [10] side by adhesive means.Pantograph carbon slide [10] lateral width is 15mm, and length is 1000mm, and optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] substrate is carbon fiber epoxy composite, and width is 15mm, and length is 1000mm, and gross thickness is 2mm.Optical fiber radical selects 20, spacing 0.1mm.Sensor is fixed on pantograph carbon slide side by adhesive means or is embedded in carbon slipper inside.Optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] is the high-temperature resistant optical fiber band of lying side-by-side in substrate [9], and compound substance, macromolecule flexible material are selected in its substrate [9].
Photoelectrical coupler [4] is converted into electric signal for light signal optical fiber type being worn away sensor [3] and gather.Select photodetector or CCD.
Signal processing unit [5] carries out analog to digital conversion for the electric signal sent by photoelectrical coupler [4], processes in real time the digital signal obtained, and obtains the full course of work abrasion condition of pantograph carbon slide [10].Select the signal processing circuit be made up of DSP or FPGA.
When pantograph operationally produces wearing and tearing, in optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3], corresponding optical fiber ruptures, corresponding light path is unglazed to be passed through, be attached thereto photoelectrical coupler [4] output signal connect to change, record change amount signal by pantograph signal processing unit [5], obtain abrasion position and the wear data of pantograph carbon slide [10].The present embodiment optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line be onboard system, can omnidistance, obtain pantograph carbon slide [10] abrasion condition in real time.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 2, the optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line of the present embodiment, comprises light source [1], multi-core fiber plug [2], optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3], photoelectrical coupler [4], signal processing unit [5].
Multi-core fiber plug [2] connects for each discrete optical device, the plug-in type clustering ring that preferably ceramic makes.
Optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] selects reflective laying mode, light source [1] sends light beam, light beam wears away sensor [3] by optical fiber type, be reflected into photoelectrical coupler [4] at optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] other end by light echo body [6], form complete reflected light path.Signal processing unit [5] is connected with photoelectrical coupler [4] by shielded cable.Pantograph carbon slide [10] lateral width is 15mm, and length is 1000mm, and comprise optical fiber 20 in optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3], substrate is carbon fiber epoxy composite, and width is 15mm, and length is 1000mm.Detection threshold position [11] is pantograph carbon slide [10] side midline position (setting of detection threshold position can be different and adjust according to carbon slipper kind, carbon slipper use occasion).Optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] is fixed on pantograph carbon slide [10] side by adhesive means or is embedded in carbon slipper inside.Optical fiber in optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] is divided into answer the smooth optic fibre [7] and the optical fiber that delusters [8], answer the smooth optic fibre [7] is laid in top, substrate [9] detection threshold position [11], the optical fiber [8] that delusters is laid in below, substrate [9] detection threshold position [11], and two type optical fiber quantity are equal.As shown in Figure 2.In top, substrate [9] detection threshold position [11], answer the smooth optic fibre [7] is pasted onto substrate [9] surface at interval of 0.1mm to 0.5mm, pastes 10 answer the smooth optic fibre [7] altogether, does not paste the optical fiber that delusters [8]; In below, substrate [9] detection threshold position [11], the optical fiber that delusters [8] is pasted onto substrate [9] surface at interval of 0.1mm to 0.5mm, pastes 10 optical fiber that deluster [8] altogether, does not paste answer the smooth optic fibre [7].
Photoelectrical coupler [4] is converted into electric signal for light signal optical fiber type being worn away sensor [3] and gather.Select photodetector or CCD.
Signal processing unit [5] carries out analog to digital conversion for the electric signal sent by photoelectrical coupler [4], processes in real time the digital signal obtained, and obtains the full course of work abrasion condition of pantograph carbon slide [10].Select the signal processing circuit be made up of DSP or FPGA.
When pantograph operationally produces wearing and tearing, in optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3], corresponding optical fiber ruptures, corresponding light path is unglazed to be passed through, be attached thereto photoelectrical coupler [4] output signal connect to change, record change amount signal by pantograph signal processing unit [5], obtain abrasion position and the wear data of pantograph carbon slide [10].The present embodiment optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line be onboard system, can omnidistance, obtain pantograph carbon slide [10] abrasion condition in real time.
Scope is not only confined to the present embodiment, the present embodiment for explaining the present invention, all changes with the present invention under same principle and design condition or revise all within protection domain disclosed by the invention.
Claims (1)
1. optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line, is characterized in that: comprise light source [1], multi-core fiber plug [2], optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3], photoelectrical coupler [4], signal processing unit [5]; Utilize the logical optical property of optical fiber, optical fiber type is worn away sensor [3] and be installed on pantograph carbon slide [10] abrasion district, when wearing away generation, cause optical fiber breakdown, the logical impaired disappearance of optical property, by the statistical study to multifiber break-make situation, provide the wearing valve of pantograph carbon slide [10];
Light source [1], photoelectrical coupler [4] all wear away sensor [3] by multi-core fiber plug [2] and optical fiber type and are connected to form complete optical path, and optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] is fixed on pantograph carbon slide [10] side by adhesive means or is embedded in carbon slipper inside; When pantograph carbon slide [10] operationally produces wearing and tearing, in optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3], corresponding optical fiber ruptures, corresponding light path is unglazed to be passed through, be attached thereto photoelectrical coupler [4] output signal connect to change, record change amount signal by pantograph signal processing unit [5], obtain abrasion position and the wear data of pantograph carbon slide [10];
Optical fiber type abrasion sensor be lying side-by-side at suprabasil high-temperature resistant optical fiber band, its choice of the substrates compound substance, macromolecule flexible material; The precision that spacing determines optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line pasted by fibre diameter in high-temperature resistant optical fiber band and each optical fiber, and the less then accuracy of detection of high-temperature resistant optical fiber diameter thinner, each optical fiber stickup spacing is higher;
Optical fiber type abrasion sensor can apply to the different occasions such as high ferro, motor-car, subway, and its concrete size also can use the size of carbon slipper according to different occasion and set;
Light source selects infrared band LED or visible light wave range LED;
Multi-core fiber plug [2] connects for each discrete optical device, Ceramics plug-in type clustering ring;
Photoelectrical coupler [4] is converted into electric signal for light signal optical fiber type being worn away sensor [3] and gather; Select photodetector or CCD;
Signal processing unit [5] carries out analog to digital conversion for the electric signal sent by photoelectrical coupler [4], processes in real time the digital signal obtained, and obtains the full course of work abrasion condition of pantograph carbon slide [10]; Select the signal processing circuit be made up of DSP or FPGA;
Optical fiber type pantograph carbon slide abrasion Real-time and On-line is onboard system, can omnidistance, obtain pantograph carbon slide [10] abrasion condition in real time;
Optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] selects reflective laying mode, light source [1] sends light beam, light beam wears away sensor [3] by optical fiber type, be reflected into photoelectrical coupler [4] at optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] other end by light echo body [6], form complete reflected light path; Signal processing unit [5] is connected with photoelectrical coupler [4] by shielded cable; Pantograph carbon slide [10] lateral width is 15mm, and length is 1000mm, and comprise optical fiber 20 in optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3], substrate is carbon fiber epoxy composite, and width is 15mm, and length is 1000mm; Detection threshold position [11] is pantograph carbon slide [10] side midline position, and detection threshold position [11] setting can adjust according to carbon slipper kind, carbon slipper use occasion difference; Optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] is fixed on pantograph carbon slide [10] side by adhesive means or is embedded in carbon slipper inside; Optical fiber in optical fiber type abrasion sensor [3] is divided into answer the smooth optic fibre [7] and the optical fiber that delusters [8], answer the smooth optic fibre [7] is laid in top, substrate [9] detection threshold position [11], the optical fiber [8] that delusters is laid in below, substrate [9] detection threshold position [11], and two type optical fiber quantity are equal; In top, substrate [9] detection threshold position [11], answer the smooth optic fibre [7] is pasted onto substrate [9] surface at interval of 0.1mm to 0.5mm, pastes 10 answer the smooth optic fibre [7] altogether, does not paste the optical fiber that delusters [8]; In below, substrate [9] detection threshold position [11], the optical fiber that delusters [8] is pasted onto substrate [9] surface at interval of 0.1mm to 0.5mm, pastes 10 optical fiber that deluster [8] altogether, does not paste answer the smooth optic fibre [7].
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| CN104808066B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2018-05-18 | 苏州东南佳新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of detection device and detection method of pantograph pan resistance |
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| CN106052575B (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-11-02 | 易讯科技股份有限公司 | Online test method is worn away based on the pantograph carbon slide in train high-speed cruising |
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| CN109373913B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2020-09-29 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Non-contact pantograph head carbon slide block thickness detection method |
| CN111142045A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-05-12 | 中车大同电力机车有限公司 | Pantograph, monitoring equipment and method for pantograph with optical fibers |
| CN113777105B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2024-06-11 | 河北地质大学 | Optical fiber detection system for monitoring abrasion of carbon sliding plate of pantograph |
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