CN103515602B - THHQ/ graphene composite material, its preparation method, anode and lithium ion battery - Google Patents

THHQ/ graphene composite material, its preparation method, anode and lithium ion battery Download PDF

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CN103515602B
CN103515602B CN201210217723.8A CN201210217723A CN103515602B CN 103515602 B CN103515602 B CN 103515602B CN 201210217723 A CN201210217723 A CN 201210217723A CN 103515602 B CN103515602 B CN 103515602B
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thhq
composite material
graphene composite
mixed liquor
preparation
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CN103515602A (en
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周明杰
钟玲珑
王要兵
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Oceans King Lighting Science and Technology Co Ltd
Shenzhen Oceans King Lighting Engineering Co Ltd
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Oceans King Lighting Science and Technology Co Ltd
Shenzhen Oceans King Lighting Engineering Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/60—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to electrochemical material field, it discloses a kind of THHQ/ graphene composite material, its preparation method, anode and lithium ion battery；This THHQ/ graphene composite material, according to mass percent, the THHQ including 50 ~ 95% and the Graphene of 5 ~ 50%.The THHQ/ graphene composite material that the present invention provides, there is the Graphene of high conductivity in this composite, electronics can effectively quickly be transmitted to the THHQ molecular activity reaction center on its surface, is conducive to improving the performance of THHQ molecule capacity.

Description

THHQ/ graphene composite material, its preparation method, anode and lithium ion battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrochemical field, particularly relate to a kind of THHQ/ graphene composite material and preparation method thereof.This Bright further relating to a kind of uses THHQ/ graphene composite material as the anode of positive electrode active materials, and uses this battery Positive pole is as the lithium ion battery of positive pole.
Background technology
Along with the development of various new forms of energy, the miniaturization of portable electric appts and electric automobile are to Large Copacity Gao Gong The widespread demand of rate electrochmical power source.The lithium ion battery of at present commercialization uses inorganic positive pole/graphite system mostly, wherein these Positive electrode active materials is mainly LiFePO4, LiMn2O4, cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickelate and the system of mixing.Although this kind of system Electrochemical performance, but due to itself capacity relatively low (such as the theoretical 170mAh/g of LiFePO4), complicated process of preparation, The shortcoming that high in cost of production is many.
Carbonyl compound using anthraquinone and polymer thereof, anhydride containing conjugated structure etc. as representative as a kind of emerging just Pole active material gradually receives publicity, and its electrochemical reaction mechanism is: during electric discharge, the oxygen atom on each carbonyl obtains an electronics, It is simultaneously embedded in lithium ion and generates enol lithium salts；Lithium ion abjection during charging, carbonyl reduction, by between carbonyl and enol structure Conversion realizes lithium ion and reversibly embeds and deviate from.THAQ(1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone) it is a kind of organic many quinones Compound each of which molecule has six active current potentials that can react with lithium ion, its theoretical capacity 855mAh/g, but actual The THAQ(Acta Phys.-Chim.Sin. prepared, 2010,26 (1): 47-50) capacity is only 250mAh/g, the least In its theoretical capacity.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above, the present invention provides a kind of THHQ/ graphene composite material.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of THHQ/ graphene composite material, according to mass percent, it includes the stone of THHQ and 5 ~ 50% of 50 ~ 95% Ink alkene；Wherein, THHQ, is i.e. Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 5,8-tetrahydroxy-six benzene four quinones.
The preparation method of above-mentioned THHQ/ graphene composite material, comprises the steps:
S1, graphite oxide is added to the water ultrasonic 0.5 ~ 3h formed concentration be 1.1 ~ 8.3g/L suspension；
S2, by THAQ monomer add step S1 suspension in stir 30 ~ 120min, then add FeCl3, continue to stir Mix 1 ~ 3 hour, obtain mixed solution；Wherein, FeCl3It is 1 ~ 5:1 with the mol ratio of THAQ monomer；
S3, by reducing agent, e.g., NaBH4、KBH4, hydrazine hydrate or ethylenediamine be added slowly to the mixed solution of step S2 In, room temperature is stirred vigorously 24 ~ 48h, washes, filters, and obtains THHQ/ Graphene multiple after 60 ~ 100 DEG C of vacuum drying screening 12 ~ 24h Condensation material.
In step S1 of the preparation method of above-mentioned THHQ/ graphene composite material, graphite oxide is adopted and is prepared with the following method:
Graphite is added in the mix acid liquor of concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid composition and form mixed liquor, the temperature of mixed liquor is kept 10min ~ 30min is stirred at-2 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C；
In mixed liquor, add potassium permanganate, continue the temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at-2 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C stirring 1h；
Mixed liquor is warming up to 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C and keeps 0.5h ~ 2h；
In mixed liquor, add deionized water, continue to be incubated 0.5h ~ 2h at 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C；And
In mixed liquor, add hydrogen peroxide remove potassium permanganate, sucking filtration, wash solids, after dried solids, obtain oxygen Graphite；
Wherein, graphite is 1g:80ml ~ 110ml:15ml ~ 35ml with the solid-to-liquid ratio of concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid；Graphite and Gao Meng The mass ratio of acid potassium is 1:1 ~ 1:10.
In step S3 of the preparation method of above-mentioned THHQ/ graphene composite material, reducing agent and the mass ratio of graphite oxide It is 10 ~ 50:1.
The present invention also provides for a kind of anode, and including aluminium foil and the positive electrode active materials that is coated on aluminium foil, this is just Pole active material above-mentioned THHQ/ graphene composite material.
A kind of lithium ion battery that the present invention provides, this battery uses above-mentioned anode as positive pole.
The THHQ/ graphene composite material that the present invention provides, there is the Graphene of high conductivity in this composite, can be effective The THHQ molecular activity reaction center that electronics is quickly transmitted to its surface, be conducive to improve THHQ molecule capacity send out Wave.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the preparation technology flow chart of THHQ/ graphene composite material of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the lithium ion battery structure schematic diagram of embodiment 9.
Detailed description of the invention
This kind of active material that can be used for lithium ion cell positive of offer, i.e. THHQ/ graphene composite material, its In, THHQ(i.e. Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 5,8-tetrahydroxy-six benzene four quinones) mass percent be 50 ~ 95%, Graphene accounts for 5 ~ 50%.
The preparation method of this THHQ/ graphene composite material, as it is shown in figure 1, comprise the technical steps that:
S1, add graphene oxide in water ultrasonic 0.5 ~ 3h and form suspension；
S2, by THAQ(i.e. 1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone) monomer add step S1 suspension in stir 30 ~ 120min, then adds FeCl3, continue stirring 1 ~ 3 hour, obtain mixed solution；Wherein, FeCl3With THAQ monomer mole Ratio is 1 ~ 5:1；FeCl3Playing oxidant effect, THAQ monomer is at oxidant FeCl3Effect under form further dimer THHQ, Reaction equation is as follows:
S3, by reducing agent, e.g., NaBH4、KBH4, hydrazine hydrate or ethylenediamine be added slowly in above-mentioned mixed solution, room Temperature is stirred vigorously 24 ~ 48h, washes, filters, obtains THHQ/ graphene composite material after 60 ~ 100 DEG C of vacuum drying 12 ~ 24h.
In step S1 of the preparation method of above-mentioned THHQ/ graphene composite material, graphite oxide is adopted and is prepared with the following method:
Graphite is added in the mix acid liquor of concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid composition and form mixed liquor, the temperature of mixed liquor is kept 10min ~ 30min is stirred at-2 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C；
In mixed liquor, add potassium permanganate, continue the temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at-2 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C stirring 1h；
Mixed liquor is warming up to 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C and keeps 0.5h ~ 2h；
In mixed liquor, add deionized water, continue to be incubated 0.5h ~ 2h at 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C；And
In mixed liquor, add hydrogen peroxide remove potassium permanganate, sucking filtration, wash solids, after dried solids, obtain oxygen Graphite；
Wherein, graphite is 1g:80ml ~ 110ml:15ml ~ 35ml with the solid-to-liquid ratio of concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid；Graphite and Gao Meng The mass ratio of acid potassium is 1:1 ~ 1:10.
In above-mentioned steps S3, the quality that reducing agent adds is 10 ~ 50:1 with the mass ratio of graphite oxide；
The THHQ/ graphene composite material that the present invention provides, there is the Graphene of high conductivity in this composite, can be effective The THHQ molecular activity reaction center that electronics is quickly transmitted to its surface, be conducive to improve THHQ molecule capacity send out Wave.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1 ~ 4 is the preparation method of THHQ/ graphene composite material
Embodiment 1
(1) graphite oxide is prepared:
The graphite of 1g is added in the mix acid liquor of the concentrated sulphuric acid of 80ml and the concentrated nitric acid composition of 15ml and form mixed liquor, will The temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at-2 DEG C of stirring 30min；
In mixed liquor, add the potassium permanganate of 1g, continue the temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at-2 DEG C of stirring 1h；
Mixed liquor is warming up to 80 DEG C and keeps 2h；
In mixed liquor, add deionized water, continue to be incubated 2h at 80 DEG C；And
In mixed liquor, add hydrogen peroxide remove potassium permanganate, sucking filtration, wash solids, after dried solids, obtain oxygen Graphite.
(2) 200mg graphite oxide is added ultrasonic 0.5h in 100mL water and forms suspension,
(3) 120mg THAQ monomer is added mechanical agitation 30min in suspension, be subsequently adding the FeCl of 189mg3To upper State mechanical agitation 1h in suspension, obtain mixed solution.
(4) by the KBH of 4g4Being added slowly in above-mentioned mixed solution, room temperature is stirred vigorously 24h, water system, filtration, 60 DEG C vacuum drying 12h after obtain containing the THHQ/ graphene composite material that THHQ mass fraction is 50%.
Embodiment 2
(1) graphite oxide is prepared:
The graphite of 1g is added in the mix acid liquor of the concentrated sulphuric acid of 110ml and the concentrated nitric acid composition of 35ml and forms mixed liquor, The temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at 2 DEG C of stirring 10min；
In mixed liquor, add the potassium permanganate of 10g, continue the temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at 2 DEG C of stirring 1h；
Mixed liquor is warming up to 90 DEG C and keeps 0.5h；
In mixed liquor, add deionized water, continue to be incubated 0.5h at 90 DEG C；And
In mixed liquor, add hydrogen peroxide remove potassium permanganate, sucking filtration, wash solids, after dried solids, obtain oxygen Graphite.
(2) 83mg graphite oxide is added ultrasonic 3h in 100mL water and forms suspension,
(3) 950mg THAQ monomer is added mechanical agitation 120min in suspension, be subsequently adding the FeCl of 501mg3Arrive In above-mentioned suspension, mechanical agitation 5h, obtain mixed solution.
(4) by the NaBH of 4.15g4Being added slowly in above-mentioned mixed solution, room temperature is stirred vigorously 48h, water system, mistake Obtain containing the THHQ/ graphene composite material that THHQ mass fraction is 95% after filter, 100 DEG C of vacuum drying 24h.
Embodiment 3
(1) graphite oxide is prepared:
The graphite of 1g is added in the mix acid liquor of the concentrated sulphuric acid of 90ml and the concentrated nitric acid composition of 20ml and form mixed liquor, will The temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at 0 DEG C of stirring 20min；
In mixed liquor, add the potassium permanganate of 3g, continue the temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at 0 DEG C of stirring 1h；
Mixed liquor is warming up to 85 DEG C and keeps 1h；
In mixed liquor, add deionized water, continue to be incubated 1h at 85 DEG C；And
In mixed liquor, add hydrogen peroxide remove potassium permanganate, sucking filtration, wash solids, after dried solids, obtain oxygen Graphite.
(2) 333mg graphite oxide is added ultrasonic 1h in 300mL water and forms suspension,
(3) 800mg THAQ monomer is added mechanical agitation 60min in suspension, be subsequently adding the FeCl of 2.1g3To upper State in suspension, mechanical agitation 3h, obtain mixed solution.
(4) being added slowly in above-mentioned mixed solution by the hydrazine hydrate of 10g, room temperature is stirred vigorously 36h, water system, filtration, Obtain containing the THHQ/ graphene composite material that THHQ mass fraction is 80% after 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 36h.
Embodiment 4
(1) graphite oxide is prepared:
The graphite of 1g is added in the mix acid liquor of the concentrated sulphuric acid of 100ml and the concentrated nitric acid composition of 25ml and forms mixed liquor, The temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at 0 DEG C of stirring 20min；
In mixed liquor, add the potassium permanganate of 6g, continue the temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at 0 DEG C of stirring 1h；
Mixed liquor is warming up to 85 DEG C and keeps 1h；
In mixed liquor, add deionized water, continue to be incubated 1h at 85 DEG C；And
In mixed liquor, add hydrogen peroxide remove potassium permanganate, sucking filtration, wash solids, after dried solids, obtain oxygen Graphite.
(2) 666mg graphite oxide is added ultrasonic 2h in 300mL water and forms suspension,
(3) 600mg THAQ monomer is added mechanical agitation 100min in suspension, be subsequently adding the FeCl of 1.2g3To upper State in suspension, mechanical agitation 4h, obtain mixed solution.
(4) being added slowly in above-mentioned mixed solution by the ethylenediamine of 26.6g, room temperature is stirred vigorously 40h, water system, mistake Obtain containing the THHQ/ graphene composite material that THHQ mass fraction is 60% after filter, 70 DEG C of vacuum drying 20h.
Embodiment 5 ~ 8 is as anode to be just respectively adopted THHQ/ graphene composite material that embodiment 1 ~ 4 obtains Pole active material
Embodiment 5
First, select the THHQ/ graphene composite material of embodiment 1 preparation as positive electrode active materials；
Secondly it is, the ratio of 85:5:10 according to mass ratio, by 85mg positive electrode active materials, 10mg Kynoar bonding Agent and 5g conductive agent acetylene black mix homogeneously, obtain slurry；
Finally, slurry is coated on aluminium foil, drying, roll film, trimming process, prepare lithium ion cell positive.
Embodiment 6
Difference with embodiment 5 is: select the THHQ/ graphene composite material of embodiment 2 preparation as positive-active Material.
Embodiment 7
Difference with embodiment 5 is: select the THHQ/ graphene composite material of embodiment 3 preparation as positive-active Material.
Embodiment 8
Difference with embodiment 5 is: select the THHQ/ graphene composite material of embodiment 4 preparation as positive-active Material.
Embodiment 9 ~ 12 is to be respectively adopted the lithium ion battery that anode is positive pole that embodiment 5 ~ 8 obtains
Embodiment 9
First, select the anode of embodiment 5 preparation as positive pole；
Secondly, using the lithium of formed objects as negative pole, then positive pole, barrier film, negative pole stacked group in order is dressed up battery core, then By battery housing seal battery core, subsequently by the liquid injection port that is arranged on battery container toward the 1mol/L injecting 1M in battery container LiPF6The electrolyte of/dimethyl carbonate, seals liquid injection port, obtains lithium ion battery.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the lithium ion battery of this embodiment includes positive pole 1, barrier film 2, negative pole 3, electrolyte 4, battery container 5.
Embodiment 10
Difference with embodiment 9 is: lithium ion battery selects the prepared anode of embodiment 6 as positive pole.
Embodiment 11
Difference with embodiment 9 is: lithium ion battery selects the prepared anode of embodiment 7 as positive pole.
Embodiment 12
Difference with embodiment 9 is: lithium ion battery selects the prepared anode of embodiment 8 as positive pole.
Comparative example 1
Preparing of electrode is as follows:
First it is, according to mass ratio the ratio of 85:5:10, by 75mg THAQ material, 4.4mg Kynoar binding agent And 8.8mg conductive black Super P mix homogeneously, obtain slurry；
Then, slurry is coated on aluminium foil, drying, roll film, trimming process, prepare positive pole.
The method using embodiment 9 again is prepared as lithium ion battery.
The charge-discharge performance that embodiment 9 ~ 12 and comparative example 1 prepare lithium ion battery is tested and is followed for 100 times The result of ring, test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 is embodiment 9 ~ 12 charge-discharge test result.
By table 1, the positive pole of lithium ion battery uses THHQ/ graphene composite material alive as the positive pole of anode Property material, compared with THAQ material, its charging and discharging capacity and cycle life are all significantly improved.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned statement for present pre-ferred embodiments is more detailed, can not therefore think Being the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention, the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (6)

1. the preparation method of a THHQ/ graphene composite material, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1, graphite oxide is added to the water ultrasonic 0.5～3h formation concentration be 1.1～8.3g/L suspensions；
S2, by THAQ monomer add step S1 suspension in stir 30～120min, then add FeCl3, continue stirring 1 ～3 hours, obtain mixed solution；Wherein, FeCl3It is 1～5:1 with the mol ratio of THAQ monomer；
S3, being added slowly in the mixed solution of step S2 by reducing agent, room temperature is stirred vigorously 24～48h, washes, filters, THHQ/ graphene composite material is obtained after 60～100 DEG C of vacuum drying screenings 12～24h；
Wherein, THHQ represents Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 5,8-tetrahydroxy-six benzene four quinones；
THAQ represents 1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone.
The preparation method of THHQ/ graphene composite material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S1, oxygen Graphite uses following steps to prepare:
Graphite is added in the mix acid liquor of concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid composition and form mixed liquor, the temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at-2 DEG C～2 DEG C stirring 10min～30min；
In mixed liquor, add potassium permanganate, continue the temperature of mixed liquor is maintained at-2 DEG C～2 DEG C stirring 1h；
Mixed liquor is warming up to 80 DEG C～90 DEG C and keeps 0.5h～2h；
In mixed liquor, add deionized water, continue to be incubated 0.5h～2h at 80 DEG C～90 DEG C；And in mixed liquor, add peroxide Change hydrogen and remove potassium permanganate, sucking filtration, wash solids, after dried solids, obtain graphite oxide.
The preparation method of THHQ/ graphene composite material the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described graphite with The solid-to-liquid ratio of described concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid is 1g:80ml～110ml:15ml～35ml.
The preparation method of THHQ/ graphene composite material the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described graphite with The mass ratio of described potassium permanganate is 1:1～1:10.
The preparation method of THHQ/ graphene composite material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S3, also Former dose is 10～50:1 with the mass ratio of graphite oxide.
The preparation method of THHQ/ graphene composite material the most according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that step S3 In, described reducing agent is NaBH4、KBH4, hydrazine hydrate or ethylenediamine.
CN201210217723.8A 2012-06-27 2012-06-27 THHQ/ graphene composite material, its preparation method, anode and lithium ion battery Active CN103515602B (en)

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CN104078703B (en) * 2014-05-23 2015-07-22 南京中储新能源有限公司 Carbon nano tube/quinone anode and secondary aluminium cell with same as anode material
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CN102311534A (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-11 中国人民解放军63971部队 Novel quinone compound and preparation method thereof

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