CN103515577A - Double layer composite lithium ion battery electrode and production method - Google Patents
Double layer composite lithium ion battery electrode and production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103515577A CN103515577A CN201210212137.4A CN201210212137A CN103515577A CN 103515577 A CN103515577 A CN 103515577A CN 201210212137 A CN201210212137 A CN 201210212137A CN 103515577 A CN103515577 A CN 103515577A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1397—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0407—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on an electrolyte layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/136—Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a double layer composite lithium ion battery electrode and a production method, and belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries. The double layer composite lithium ion battery electrode production method comprises: coating a lithium iron phosphate material A on the inner layer, wherein the lithium iron phosphate material A comprises, by weight, 90-95% of lithium iron phosphate A, 1-6% of acetylene black, 1-6% of polyvinylidene difluoride, 0-5% of a styrene butadiene rubber, 0-7% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0-5% of a graphite conductive agent; and coating a lithium iron phosphate material B on the outer layer, wherein the lithium iron phosphate material B comprises, by weight, 90-100% of lithium iron phosphate B, 0-5% of acetylene black, 1-5% of polyvinylidene difluoride, 0-5% of a styrene butadiene rubber, 0-7% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and a solvent, wherein stirring is performed to obtain a uniform slurry, and the outer layer electrode material coating is performed on the electrode sheet coated with the inner layer electrode material through a coater. According to the present invention, coating is performed under the atmospheric environment so as to reduce the vacuum system, reduce requirements of the process on equipment, and reduce cost; no dust is generated during the coating process, and the coating parameters are easy to control; mass production can be achieved; and the lithium ion battery with the double layer electrode structure has characteristics of high capacity performance and high stability.
Description
Technical field
Electrode and the production method of a kind of two-layer compound lithium ion battery of the present invention belong to lithium ion battery field, particularly belong to electrode structure and the production method of lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of energy problem and environmental problem, new energy form has received global concern.Wherein, lithium ion battery, because it has height ratio capacity, high discharge voltage, high stability, long-life, low self-discharge rate, memory-less effect, environmental friendliness, simple in structure, in research and development and production application, occupies outstanding status.People have carried out continuous further investigation to lithium ion battery, at aspects such as the security performance of battery, high rate performance, cycle performance, volumetric properties, high temperature performance, assembling performances, obtain many significant achievements.
But along with the development of various electronic devices, people also have higher requirement to the performance of lithium ion battery.For example, the mobile devices such as current pandemic large-screen 3G mobile, notebook computer, digital camera, all favor high-capacity lithium ion cell.And this high-capacity lithium ion cell, usings stability as basis.
Single structure electrode often can not meet the requirement of people to high-end performance of lithium ion battery.And senior electrode structure, as more than one electrode material is mixed in certain proportion, is prepared multi-component electrode, can avoid the shortcoming of a certain component, obtain the advantage of another component, even can produce cooperative effect, obtain the characteristic that one pack system can not show.For the mixed structure of electrode, people have carried out extensive and deep research, have obtained many significant achievements.For example, LiNi
0.8co
0.2o
2mix LiMn
2o
4, at 80 ℃, store 10 days, substantially without manganese, dissolve and the problems such as decomposition of electrolyte.In addition, Sony corporation of Japan is prepared a kind of have excellent thermal stability, high high rate performance and the positive electrode of cycle performance, and it is mixed and formed by Ni sill and two kinds of positive electrodes of Mn sill.High performance lithium ion battery is generally to adopt combination electrode material.
Mixed electrode material is prepared combination electrode, has obtained suitable development at present, has greatly promoted the progress of lithium ion battery.But, for constructing of multi-layer electrode structure, rarely have report.Usually, every one deck of multi-layer electrode structure, all has specific character.By sandwich construction, constructed the electrode forming, its combination property performance is excellent.The superiority of this performance is that single-layer electrodes structure can not show.For example,, at Li[Li
0.2mn
0.54ni
0.13co
0.13] hot evaporation one deck aluminium film on O electrode.The formation of aluminium film, restriction can supply the elimination in the oxygen room of lithium ion conduction, and restriction and the side reaction that electrolyte occurs, reduce the polarization process that electric charge shifts.With respect to there is no the film modified electrode of aluminium, this electrode shows better volumetric properties, cycle performance and stability.
Number of patent application CN200810045128.4, by apply one deck transition zone between CdTe film and back electrode metal, has improved the ohmic contact of electrode.Electrode is carried out to constructing of sandwich construction, can construct thermal resistance tomography, to the many designs together of the safety of lithium ion battery; Also can construct negative or positive electrode active material double-decker, make battery table reveal good electrochemistry combination property.For the method for constructing two-layer electrode structure, CN200810045128.4 is first made into slurry transition zone material, then by artificial method, slurry is coated on CdTe surface.This method is only suitable in the making of experiment and less demanding compact battery.
Number of patent application CN201110027345.2, by constructing two-layer electrode structure, the material of internal layer has the function of physical absorption lithium ion or desorption lithium ion, and cladding material has the function that can absorb lithium ion or discharge lithium ion, between two-layer, forms electric double layer.This two-layer electrode can improve the reactivity of lithium ion battery material, has improved high rate during charging-discharging, increases electrode capacitance amount and cycle performance, improves battery safety and stability.The method that the two-layer electrode of CN201110027345.2 is constructed is that elder generation is made into slurry internal layer electrode material, then adopts the method for spraying, and slurry is coated on collector; Similarly, outer pulp spraying is coated on the inner layer material having coated.The construction method of this combined electrode structure, cost is higher, operate more complicated, the more difficult control of parameter.
Number of patent application CN200680015999.0, by the method for chemical vapour deposition (CVD), at silicon film surface deposit carbon or nitrogen, make on its surface that is dispersed in silicon non-equilibriumly, thereby guarantee the high power capacity of silicon, and make electrode show good stability, high coulombic efficiency first, also can suppress change in volume.CN200680015999.0 directly adopts the method for chemical vapour deposition (CVD) that outer functional layer is deposited on above internal layer, although precision is improved greatly, cost also increases substantially, and needs accurate instrument and equipment.
Therefore, construct the two-layer composite of electrode, can effectively improve the comprehensive electrochemical of electrode.Construct combined electrode structure, be improve performance of lithium ion battery, explore new electrode material, a kind of important channel of development lithium ion battery.
For constructing of electrode structure, be mainly to paint single single-layer electrodes structure by coating machine, although electrode component contains the active material that mixes two or more.Up to the present, not yet carried out the coating of two layers of electrode structure.Yet, along with further developing of lithium ion battery, need lithium ion battery can work under some special environment, as at hot environment and both demand high power capacity also demand high stability (as various high-end electronic devices) etc. in the situation that.Before new battery material not yet develops, a kind of effective ways of the raising battery performance that just becomes particularly important to the design of battery structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of simple, cost is low, the production method of the electrode of a kind of two-layer compound lithium ion battery that can produce in batches.
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of simple, cost is low, the electrode of a kind of two-layer compound lithium ion battery that can produce in batches.
The object of the invention is to reach by following measures, adopt coating machine to carry out secondary coating to electrode slice, form internal layer and outer field double-decker, internal layer coating has high power capacity performance but the LiFePO 4 material A of less stable, and outer coating has high-power performance but compared with the LiFePO 4 material B of low capacity performance.The bake out temperature when proportioning of adjusting internal layer slurry, coating and the compacted density after coating, regulate the proportioning of outer slurry, the bake out temperature when surface density in when coating, coating and the compacted density after coating, regulate the uniformity, density, smoothness and the thickness of outer coating.
A production method for the electrode of lithium ion battery,
Internal layer coating LiFePO 4 material A, the percentage by weight of LiFePO 4 material A:
LiFePO4 A 90-95%,
Acetylene black 1-6%,
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130 or 900) 1-6%,
Butadiene-styrene rubber 0-5%,
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0-7%,
Graphite agent 0-5%
Solvent is N, at least one of N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, methylethylketone, isophorone, isobutyrone, ethanol, ethylene glycol, water or more than one, solid content is 35-55%, first dry powder blend is even, after add dispersant (be above solvent one or more), stir into uniform slurry, on coating machine, be coated with, design temperature 60-120oC is dried pole piece, obtains internal layer electrode pole piece
Compacted density after coating: [(0.150-0.250) ± 0.002] g/1256.64mm
2(not containing aluminium foil),
Outer coating LiFePO 4 material B, the percentage by weight of LiFePO 4 material B:
LiFePO4 B 90-100%,
Acetylene black 0-5%,
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130 or 900) 1-5%,
Butadiene-styrene rubber 0-5%,
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0-7%
Solvent is N, at least one of N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, methylethylketone, isophorone, isobutyrone, ethanol, ethylene glycol, water or more than one, solid content is 40-60%, first carry out dry powder blend, then add dispersant (being solvent), stir into uniform slurry, on coating machine, on the pole piece that scribbles internal layer electrode material, carry out the coating of outer electrode material
The uniformity (outer slurry uniform spreading is on internal layer) of outer coating,
The density (outer slurry is not easy to dry linting) of outer coating,
The smoothness (roll-in rear surface is smooth) of outer coating,
The thickness (0.02-0.04mm) of outer coating.
The present invention, before carrying out skin coating, carries out once pre-roll-in to internal layer pole piece, applies the pressure of 0.1-50 ton, and then carries out skin coating.
After being painted with skin, pole piece is carried out to conventional oven dry, roll-in, cut-parts, spot welding lug, and reel, enter shell, fluid injection and carry out the techniques such as battery seal with corresponding cathode pole piece, be prepared into battery, investigate the chemical property with two-layer electrode structure battery.
A kind of electrode of two-layer compound lithium ion battery, adopt the electrode of the resulting two-layer compound lithium ion battery of production method of the electrode of above-mentioned a kind of two-layer compound lithium ion battery, by regulating the composition of slurry, surface density or the thickness of coating, make that outer field coating is even, adhesive force is good, and surfacing.
The present invention is directly coated with under atmospheric environment, reduces vacuum system, reduces the requirement of technique to equipment, reduces costs; Coating process produces without dust, and painting parameter is easy to control; Can produce in batches; The lithium ion battery that adopts two-layer electrode structure, when can obtain high power capacity performance, also shows high stability.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Adopt the constructed double-deck iron phosphate lithium electrode of the present invention, be assembled into 18650 size battery.Electrochemical property test result shows (table 1), the battery with two-layer electrode structure, when obtaining high power capacity (comparing with only adopting the battery 18650B of low appearance LiFePO4 B), the self discharge of battery is inhibited (comparing with only adopting the high battery 18650A that holds LiFePO4 A), and stability is improved.The 18650AB battery with two-layer electrode structure, its chemical property is chemical property comprehensive that only adopts the battery of LiFePO4 A and B.
Embodiment 1:
Constructing of two-layer electrode structure directly carried out on coating machine.For the configuration of internal layer slurry, electrode material consists of 92% LiFePO4 A, 3% acetylene black, 3% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130), 2% graphite agent KS-6.First in mixer, dry powder blend is even, then add solvent N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, making solid content is 45%, then stirs, and obtains slurry.After slurry sieves, take one side as 0.163 ± 0.002g/1256.64mm
2the surface density of (not containing aluminium foil) is coated with, and oven temperature is made as 90oC.Be coated with and dry after pole piece, obtain smooth surface and dry, adhesive force is good, the coating that is evenly distributed.In order further to improve the surface flatness of pole piece, internal layer pole piece is carried out to preliminary roll-in, pressure is made as 5 tons.
For outer field, construct, the slurry dry powder of preparation consists of, 95.5% LiFePO4 B, 2% acetylene black, 2.5% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130).After dry powder is stirred in mixer, add solvent N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, making solid content is 53%, then stirs, and obtains outer slurry.After slurry sieves, take one side as 0.040 ± 0.002g/1256.64mm
2the surface density of (not containing aluminium foil) is coated with on the pole piece that scribbles inner layer material, and oven temperature is made as 80oC.Be coated with and dry after pole piece, obtain the external coating that coating is even, adhesive force is good.
Then, double-deck pole piece is carried out to roll-in, make pole piece gross thickness (comprise the aluminium foil that 0.015mm is thick) between 0.160-0.165mm.Then, pole piece is carried out to conventional processing, comprise cut-parts, some lug, coiling, fluid injection and sealing etc.The negative material adopting is Delanium, and electric liquid is common carbonates Organic Electricity liquid.
Embodiment 2:
Constructing of double-deck iron phosphate lithium electrode structure, the preparation method of its internal layer is identical with embodiment's 1, and just internal layer pole piece does not carry out pre-roller process.
For outer field, construct, the slurry dry powder of preparation consists of, 95% LiFePO4 B, 2.5% acetylene black, 2.5% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130).After dry powder is stirred in mixer, add solvent N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, making solid content is 45%, then stirs, and obtains outer slurry.After slurry sieves, take one side as 0.040 ± 0.002g/1256.64mm
2the surface density of (not containing aluminium foil) is coated with on the pole piece that scribbles inner layer material, and oven temperature is made as 90oC.Be coated with and dry after pole piece, acquisition coating is even, pole piece is dry, but the external coating that surface ratio is more coarse and adhesive force is poor.Because of obtained two-layer electrode dysplasia, for this double-deck anode pole piece, do not carry out battery assembling.
Embodiment 3:
Constructing of double-deck iron phosphate lithium electrode structure, the preparation method of its internal layer is identical with embodiment's 1, but internal layer pole piece does not carry out pre-roller process.
For outer field, construct, improve the solid content of slurry.The slurry dry powder of concrete preparation consists of, 95% LiFePO4 B, 2.5% acetylene black, 2.5% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130).After dry powder is stirred in mixer, add solvent N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, making solid content is 55%, then stirs, and obtains outer slurry.After slurry sieves, take one side as 0.040 ± 0.002g/1256.64mm
2the surface density of (not containing aluminium foil) is coated with on the pole piece that scribbles inner layer material, and oven temperature is made as 90oC.Be coated with and dry after pole piece, although obtain uniform external coating, surface is more coarse equally, adhesive force is still poor.For this type of double-deck anode pole piece, do not carry out further battery assembly operation.
Embodiment 4:
Constructing of a kind of two-layer electrode structure is directly by the method for coating, to be undertaken.For endothecium structure, the material adopting consists of, 92% LiFePO4 A, 3% acetylene black, 3% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130), 2% graphite agent KS-6.First in mixer, dry powder blend is even, then add solvent N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, making solid content is 50%, then stirs, and obtains slurry.After slurry sieves, take one side as 0.163 ± 0.002g/1256.64mm
2the surface density of (not containing aluminium foil) is coated with, and oven temperature is made as 70oC.Be coated with and cross after baking oven, obtain surfacing, adhesive force good, be evenly distributed but more moistening coating (sticky machine).On this basis, carry out outer field coating.
For outer field, construct identical with embodiment 1.Be coated with and dry after pole piece, pole piece surface is more coarse equally, adhesive force is still poor, but good than embodiment 2.For this type of double-deck anode pole piece, do not carry out further battery making yet.
Comparative example 1:
In order to compare with the battery with two-layer electrode structure, we have carried out the making of common individual layer battery.For the electrode that only adopts LiFePO4 A, its manufacture method is as follows.Consisting of of electrode material: 92% LiFePO4 A, 3% acetylene black, 3% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130), 2% graphite agent KS-6.First in mixer, dry powder blend is even, then add solvent N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, making solid content is 45%, then stirs, and obtains slurry.After slurry sieves, take one side as 0.204 ± 0.002g/1256.64mm
2the surface density of (not containing aluminium foil) is coated with, and oven temperature is made as 80oC.Be coated with and cross after baking oven, obtain the coating that surfacing, adhesive force are good, be evenly distributed.Be rolled into the thickness consistent with the double-decker thickness of electrode of embodiment 1 (i.e. thickness between 0.160-0.165mm, that contain the aluminium foil that 0.015mm is thick), carry out afterwards conventional battery and make, obtain 18650A battery.
Comparative example 2:
In this comparative example, the battery of made, positive pole is the 18650B battery that adopts LiFePO4 B.In the manufacturing process of anode pole piece, except solid content is adjusted to 53%, remaining is identical with comparative example 1.
From the test of above embodiment and comparative example, can find out, the outer coating obtain uniformly, adhesive force being good, the evenness of internal layer coating is very crucial.
Table 1, have individual layer and two-layer electrode structure ferric phosphate lithium cell Performance Ratio.
Note: 1) anodal thickness is all consistent.2) capacity record of battery is to carry out discharge capacity after initial charge (with 0.2C electric discharge, lower voltage limit 2.0V at battery.Wherein 1C is all made as 1500mA).3) open circuit voltage is to record under the state of battery discharge.Before open circuit voltage record, each battery the discharge process of process be consistent, i.e. full electric battery, with 0.5C electric discharge 180 minutes, lower voltage limit 2.0V, then turn 0.2C electric discharge 20 minutes, lower voltage limit 2.0V.
Claims (3)
1. a production method for the electrode of two-layer compound lithium ion battery, adopts coating machine to carry out secondary coating to electrode slice, forms internal layer and outer field double-decker, it is characterized in that:
Internal layer coating LiFePO 4 material A, the percentage by weight of LiFePO 4 material A:
LiFePO4 A 90-95%,
Acetylene black 1-6%,
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130 or 900) 1-6%,
Butadiene-styrene rubber 0-5%,
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0-7%,
Graphite agent 0-5%,
Solvent is N, at least one of N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, methylethylketone, isophorone, isobutyrone, ethanol, ethylene glycol, water or more than one, solid content is 35-55%, first dry powder blend is even, after add dispersant (be above solvent one or more), stir into uniform slurry, on coating machine, be coated with, design temperature 60-120oC is dried pole piece, obtains internal layer electrode pole piece
Compacted density after coating: [(0.150-0.250) ± 0.002] g/1256.64mm
2(not containing aluminium foil),
Outer coating LiFePO 4 material B, the percentage by weight of LiFePO 4 material B:
LiFePO4 B 90-100%,
Acetylene black 0-5%,
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF5130 or 900) 1-5%,
Butadiene-styrene rubber 0-5%,
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0-7%,
Solvent is N, at least one of N-dimethyl pyrrolidone, methylethylketone, isophorone, isobutyrone, ethanol, ethylene glycol, water or more than one, solid content is 40-60%, first carry out dry powder blend, then add dispersant (be above solvent one or more), stir into uniform slurry, on coating machine, on the pole piece that scribbles internal layer electrode material, carry out the coating of outer electrode material
The uniformity (outer slurry uniform spreading is on internal layer) of outer coating,
The density (outer slurry is not easy to dry linting) of outer coating,
The smoothness (roll-in rear surface is smooth) of outer coating,
The thickness (0.02-0.04mm) of outer coating.
2. the production method of the electrode of a kind of two-layer compound lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before carrying out skin coating, internal layer pole piece is carried out once to pre-roll-in, apply the pressure of 0.1-50 ton, and then carry out skin coating.
3. an electrode for two-layer compound lithium ion battery, adopts the electrode of the resulting two-layer compound lithium ion battery of production method of the electrode of a kind of two-layer compound lithium ion battery described in the claims 1.
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| CN107799719A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-03-13 | 吉安市优特利科技有限公司 | A kind of formula of lithium battery cathode plate and the coating process using the formula |
| CN107994206A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-04 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and cathode plate thereof |
| CN108735968A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-02 | 江苏塔菲尔新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method for preparing anode material of lithium-ion battery and lithium ion battery |
| CN109884091A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-14 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of rapid testing technology for lithium ion battery structure internal modification field |
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| CN114788043A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2022-07-22 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | Positive electrode for secondary battery, method for producing same, and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
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| CN107994206A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-04 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and cathode plate thereof |
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