CN103513239B - A kind of method adopting coding phase-modulated signal to realize direct-wave jamming suppression - Google Patents
A kind of method adopting coding phase-modulated signal to realize direct-wave jamming suppression Download PDFInfo
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- CN103513239B CN103513239B CN201210210651.4A CN201210210651A CN103513239B CN 103513239 B CN103513239 B CN 103513239B CN 201210210651 A CN201210210651 A CN 201210210651A CN 103513239 B CN103513239 B CN 103513239B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/537—Counter-measures or counter-counter-measures, e.g. jamming, anti-jamming
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01S15/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S15/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S15/325—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of coded signals, e.g. of phase-shift keyed [PSK] signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52001—Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying sonar signals or the like, e.g. sonar jamming signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/523—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/526—Receivers
- G01S7/527—Extracting wanted echo signals
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method adopting coding phase-modulated signal to realize direct-wave jamming suppression, comprising: determine the centre frequency of coding phase-modulated signal, bandwidth and pulsewidth; The coding form of adjustment coding phase-modulated signal and phase information, generate all candidate transmitting signals, then calculate coefficient of autocorrelation, screened described candidate transmitting signal, obtain the preliminary set that transmits; For the preliminary set that transmits, calculate the their cross correlation between all signals in this set, further screening is done to described transmitting, obtain the new set that transmits; Calculate the ambiguity function of signal in the set that transmits, doppler tolerance is obtained by described ambiguity function, then described doppler tolerance is converted to theoretical rate accuracy, finally the theoretical rate accuracy of each signal and the permission speed of a ship or plane mobility scale of active sonar task object in the described set that transmits are compared, to select to transmit applicable transmitting in set according to comparative result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to active sonar digital processing field, particularly a kind of method adopting coding phase-modulated signal to realize direct-wave jamming suppression.
Background technology
During ship proceed in formation at sea, the active sonar on ship not only can receive the echoed signal coming from target, also not timing can receive the same frequency direct-wave jamming signal coming from friendly ship.Due to the restriction of hardware facility and environmental baseline, the available frequency bandwidth that each ship transmits is quite limited, causes the detection performance on naval vessel greatly to reduce.How effectively reducing the impact of friendly ship co-channel interference signal on result of detection is a urgent problem solved of needs in active sonar design.The spacing of forming into columns due to naval vessel is less, and co-channel interference direct wave experience is one-way attenuation, and therefore at receiving end, its energy can exceed tens decibels than target echo.After energy detector process, still much larger than the output of echo, there is obvious false-alarm in the output of direct-path signal.Therefore need to suppress direct-wave jamming signal.
Traditional direct wave interference suppression method is generally started with from Beam Domain, such as, based on MVDR, the Schmidt process of spatial filtering, or the DICANNE method that wavenumber domain subtracts each other, and LMS filtering method etc.The basic thought of MVDR and Schmidt process is formation one group of coefficient, and making at expectation beam direction is all-pass, and minimum in the interference radiating way response of setting.This is algorithm optimum in theory, but very sensitive for mismatch, such as expects the mismatch, array response mismatch etc. in beam direction and actual signal direction.If but accurate to the estimation of interference radiating way, even if so target echo and direct wave are overlapping in time domain, the testing result of expectation also can be obtained.DICANNE method forms wave beam at interference radiating way, obtains undesired signal, cuts this signal after carrying out time delay correction from other wave beams.The method pair array delay precision requires higher, exigent sampling rate (96kHz) in addition, and when jamming-to-signal ratio is very high, misplace a point, and effect is just very poor.LMS filtering method is then first form interfering beam, and it can be used as wanted signal, and then to other wave beam filtering, namely remaining error signal is echo signal.When realizing, the method be generally using MVDR before interfering channel as wanted signal, then LMS filtering is done to the data after MVDR.Similar with DICANNE method, LMS filtering method is also very sensitive to time delay error.In addition, also have a kind of low level method for cutting, by the number of significant digit of control data, retain high-order data.Low level method for cutting requires that signal envelope fluctuating can not be too violent, and namely high multipath-interference largely can reduce the performance of method, and requires that undesired signal is not in clipping state.
The applicant finds through research, this requirement of Cochannel interference to be issued in formation condition, need a kind of signal that can produce multiple different copy, and these copy signal to have the good and cross correlation of autocorrelation be zero or almost nil characteristic, like this under formation condition, as long as each ship uses different copy signal, just non-interferingly active probe can be carried out.Active sonar detection also has another one problem under formation condition, when carrying out active sonar detection exactly, a certain ship can receive the direct-path signal of the coded signal of another copy that other ships send, energy tens decibels higher than target echo energy of this direct-path signal, this can impact the detection of target echo signal.
Such as: A, B meets 1 kilometer in two formation naval vessels, all launch active signal and sound source level SL is identical, signal frequency is 7.5kHz, target is at distance A warship 3 km, then target echo signal ENERGY E target=SL-2TL (the 3km)-NL(ground unrest that receives of A warship)+TS(target strength), and the active signal energy that the B warship that A warship receives is launched is E_B=SL-TL (1km)-NL, so energy difference Δ E=E_B-Etarget=2TL (3km)-TL (the 1km)-TS=130-62-15 between them (looks into propagation attenuation curve, and to get TS be 15 decibels)=53dB.And if 10 kilometers, target range A warship, then this energy difference Δ E is 73dB.Namely this energy difference is between 53-73dB.So in this case, if the dynamic range of AD sampling thief is too small, direct wave makes the complete amplitude limit of receiving end signal, will detect the weak echo signal of target.Under this high-energy difference condition, conventional signal processing method is difficult to detect target echo signal.
In sum, all there is respective defect in existing direct wave interference suppression method, cannot meet the demand of user completely.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the defect existing for existing direct wave interference suppression method, thus a kind of successful is provided, realize simple direct wave interference suppression method.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of method adopting coding phase-modulated signal to realize direct-wave jamming suppression, comprise
Step 1), the centre frequency determining coding phase-modulated signal, bandwidth and pulsewidth;
Step 2), the adjustment coding coding form of phase-modulated signal and phase information, generate all candidate transmitting signals, then calculate coefficient of autocorrelation, according to described coefficient of autocorrelation, described candidate transmitting signal is screened, obtain the preliminary set that transmits;
Step 3), for step 2) the preliminary set that transmits that obtains, calculate the their cross correlation between all signals in this set, according to described their cross correlation, further screening done to described transmitting, obtain the new set that transmits;
Step 4), calculation procedure 3) ambiguity function of signal in the set that transmits that obtains, doppler tolerance is obtained by described ambiguity function, then described doppler tolerance is converted to theoretical rate accuracy, finally the theoretical rate accuracy of each signal and the permission speed of a ship or plane mobility scale of active sonar task object in the described set that transmits are compared, what be applicable in the set that transmits described in selecting according to comparative result transmits.
In technique scheme, the step 2 described) in, the coding form adjusting described coding phase-modulated signal comprises adjustment code element number and coded sequence.
In technique scheme, the step 2 described) in, calculate coefficient of autocorrelation and comprise:
Step 2-1), to each obtain signal, calculate its coefficient of autocorrelation group, computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, c
krepresent the coefficient of autocorrelation that kth kind is possible, k span is the integer within 1 ~ (n-1); t
jrepresent a
jcorresponding phase information, and t
j+krepresent a
j+kcorresponding phase information; E and ∑ are the sign of operation of standard; A=[a
1, a
2..., a
n] be the sampled value of digital signal,
Step 2-2), from obtained coefficient of autocorrelation group, choose the coefficient of autocorrelation of maximum possible according to following formula:
l=max{|c
k|:1≤k≤n-2}。
In technique scheme, in described step 3), calculate cross-correlation coefficient and comprise:
Two signals are A=[a
1, a
2..., a
n] and B=[b
1, b
2..., b
n], their cross correlation array expression formula is as follows:
Wherein
a
j, b
jrepresent two signal sampling values respectively, t
j, s
jrepresent a respectively
j, b
jcorresponding phase information;
Go out the cross-correlation coefficient of maximum possible according to following formulae discovery from obtained cross correlation array:
p=max{|c
k|:1≤k≤n-2}
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention has successful, realizes simple advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of direct wave interference suppression method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is under little signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) condition, and coding phase-modulated signal is to the schematic diagram of the time domain waveform of the Received signal strength of 4 targets;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the matched filtering result of Received signal strength shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the matched filtering result of Received signal strength after Doppler shift in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is under large signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) condition, adopts the direct-wave jamming of coding phase-modulated signal to suppress the schematic diagram of result;
Fig. 6 is under little signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) condition, adopts the direct-wave jamming of coding phase-modulated signal to suppress the schematic diagram of result.
Embodiment
Now the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Mention in the introduction, this requirement of Cochannel interference will be issued in formation condition, need a kind ofly can produce the signal of multiple different copy, and these copy signal to have the good and cross correlation of autocorrelation be zero or almost nil characteristic.Therefore, the work that direct wave interference suppression method of the present invention will complete is centre frequency and the bandwidth of determining coding phase-modulated signal according to the feature of active sonar detection mission, then the satisfactory coding form of correlation properties is looked for, and obtaining its Doppler effect correction characteristic (i.e. moving object detection performance), coding phase-modulated signal obtained thus can realize direct-wave jamming to be suppressed.
With reference to figure 1, direct wave interference suppression method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1), the centre frequency determining coding phase-modulated signal, bandwidth and pulsewidth.
The value of the centre frequency of coding phase-modulated signal is with to receive the size of battle array closely related, and optimum value should meet the half-wavelength receiving battle array and to structure the formation condition.In addition, center frequency value also needs the mobility scale with reference to detection range, and generally, long-range detection needs lower centre frequency, and proximity detection then needs higher centre frequency.The value of bandwidth is relevant to the size of expectation target, and pulsewidth is then limited to the power amplifier ability of transmitting transducer.
Step 2), the adjustment coding coding form (mainly the variation of code element number and coded sequence) of phase-modulated signal and phase information, calculate the coefficient of autocorrelation of correspondence, obtain the preliminary set that transmits.
Determine to encode after the centre frequency of phase-modulated signal, bandwidth and pulsewidth in step 1), first the coding form of the coding phase-modulated signal that will generate and phase information are adjusted in this step.The adjustment of described coding form comprises the variation of code element number and coded sequence.In the present embodiment, the evolutionary mode of code element number, for increase progressively according to binary mode, in other embodiments, also can adopt other feasible modes in prior art.The evolutionary mode of coded sequence is traversal institute likely sequence, such as, have L code element, can accordingly (factorial) plants coded sequence.The phase place variation range of coding phase-modulated signal be-180 ° ~ 180 °, when adjusting phase information, needing to travel through with certain resolution (as adopted 0.5 ° of interval), generating 720 kinds of possible phase places.
After obtaining multiple candidate transmitting signal by the adjustment of coding form before and phase information, be that these candidate transmitting signals calculate coefficient of autocorrelation.The account form of described coefficient of autocorrelation is as follows:
Step a), the signal that each is obtained, calculate its coefficient of autocorrelation group, computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, c
krepresent the coefficient of autocorrelation that kth kind is possible, k span is the integer within 1 ~ (n-1); t
jrepresent a
jcorresponding phase information, and t
j+krepresent a
j+kcorresponding phase information; E and ∑ are the sign of operation of standard.A=[a
1, a
2..., a
n] be the sampled value of digital signal,
Step b), from obtained coefficient of autocorrelation group, choose the coefficient of autocorrelation of maximum possible according to following formula (2):
l＝max{|c
k|:1≤k≤n-2} （2）
After the coefficient of autocorrelation obtaining signal maximum possible, primary screening can be done according to coefficient of autocorrelation to all candidate transmitting signals.Such as, for all possible signal, retain the signal that l value is greater than 0.995.
Step 3), for step 2) the preliminary set that transmits that obtains, calculate the their cross correlation between all signals in the set that transmits, do further screening according to their cross correlation.
Suppose that two signals are A=[a
1, a
2..., a
n] and B=[b
1, b
2..., b
n], their cross correlation array expression formula is as follows:
Wherein
a
j, b
jrepresent two signal sampling values respectively, t
j, s
jrepresent a respectively
j, b
jcorresponding phase information.
The cross-correlation coefficient of maximum possible can be gone out according to following formulae discovery from obtained cross correlation array:
p＝max{|c
k|:1≤k≤n-2} （4）
After the cross-correlation coefficient obtaining signal maximum possible, primary screening can be done according to cross-correlation coefficient to all candidate transmitting signals.If selected to comprise N number of signal in signal set, the p value that so each signal is corresponding has been N-1.If the value of the N-1 of a some signals p all lower than a threshold value (as 0.0249), so retains this signal, otherwise is deleted from candidate transmitting signal by this signal.
Step 4), calculation procedure 3) ambiguity function of signal in the set that transmits that obtains, obtain doppler tolerance by ambiguity function, then convert doppler tolerance to theoretical rate accuracy.The theoretical rate accuracy of each signal and the permission speed of a ship or plane mobility scale of active sonar task object in the set that transmits are compared, to select to transmit applicable transmitting in set according to comparative result.
In this step, described ambiguity function expression formula is:
Wherein
be respectively time delay and the phase information of signal,
for the time domain of signal is expressed,
for the time delay conjugation time domain of signal is expressed,
for the amplitude change that phase place is corresponding.How to calculate doppler tolerance by ambiguity function is the common practise of those skilled in the art, no longer describes in detail at this.
The theoretical rate accuracy transmitted needs to verify further via experiment.In pond or open waters, use the target of the detection different motion speed that transmits chosen.Carry out Doppler's estimation to the received signal, obtain velocity estimation value, described velocity estimation value and actual measurement target speed are compared, if error range is less, then retains this and transmit.
After obtaining coding phase-modulated signal by above-mentioned steps, this signal is launched by active sonar, effectively can avoid direct-wave jamming.
In an experimental example, launch battle array and adopt linear array, receive battle array and adopt semi arch battle array, and be 30kHz according to the centre frequency of the optimum configurations transmit signal pulse of basic matrix, bandwidth is 4kHz.
Fig. 2 is under little signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) condition, and coding phase-modulated signal is to the time domain waveform of the Received signal strength of 4 targets.Wherein: the static target of target 1 to be signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) be-14.2dB; Target 2 to be signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)s be-14dB with the 2 joint speed of a ship or plane near the motion ship target of this ship to navigation; The static target of target 3 to be signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)s be-17dB; Target 4 to be signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)s be-17dB with the 4 joint speed of a ship or plane away from the motion ship target of this ship to navigation.
Fig. 3 is the matched filtering result of Received signal strength in Fig. 2.Although can find out and obtain 4 clearly target echoes, owing to not knowing the attribute that they are concrete, can only think that these may be all ship targets, cause very high false-alarm in fact only have target 2 and target 4 to be the ship target echoes moved.
Fig. 4 is the matched filtering result of Received signal strength after Doppler shift in Fig. 2.Can find out that moving target 2 and moving target 4 clearly obtain Echo Processing peak value, and static target 1 and 3 has been totally constrained, so in this case, the target 2 of motion and target 4 will be presented on screen clearly.
From result, even if under Low SNR, coding phase-modulated signal functionally also has excellent performance as active signal at moving target detect, can shield the echo of static target, avoid the phenomenon of screen " babysbreath ".
Fig. 5 is under large signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) condition, adopts the direct-wave jamming of coding phase-modulated signal to suppress result.Wherein direct wave is the active signal that other ship sends, and target echo is the target echo signal of the active signal that this ship sends, and the code sequence of these two signals is different.The signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of target echo is 10.5 decibels.Large 60 decibels of direct wave energy Ratios target echo.Can find out, after adopting coding phase-modulated signal, clearly can obtain the peak value of target echo signal.
Fig. 6 is under little signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) condition, adopts the direct-wave jamming of coding phase-modulated signal to suppress result.Identical when other condition and large signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), just noise intensity increases, and makes the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of target echo be-20.8 decibels, can find out, under little signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) condition, after adopting coding phase-modulated signal, still clearly can obtain the peak value of target echo signal.
Generally speaking, coding phase-modulated signal is adopted under the prerequisite ensureing static target and moving object detection performance, effectively can to realize same direct-wave jamming frequently and suppress.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted.Although with reference to embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. adopt coding phase-modulated signal to realize a method for direct-wave jamming suppression, comprise
Step 1), determine the encode centre frequency of phase-modulated signal, bandwidth and pulsewidth;
Step 2), the adjustment coding coding form of phase-modulated signal and phase information, generate all candidate transmitting signals, then calculate coefficient of autocorrelation, according to described coefficient of autocorrelation, described candidate transmitting signal is screened, obtain the preliminary set that transmits; Wherein, calculate coefficient of autocorrelation to comprise:
Step 2-1), to each obtain signal, calculate its coefficient of autocorrelation group, computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, c
krepresent the coefficient of autocorrelation that kth kind is possible, k span is the integer within 1 ~ (n-1); t
jrepresent a
jcorresponding phase information, and t
j+krepresent a
j+kcorresponding phase information; E and ∑ are the sign of operation of standard; A=[a
1, a
2..., a
n] be the sampled value of digital signal,
Step 2-2), from obtained coefficient of autocorrelation group, choose the coefficient of autocorrelation of maximum possible according to following formula:
l＝max{|c
k|:1≤k≤n-2}；
Step 3), for step 2) the preliminary set that transmits that obtains, calculate the their cross correlation between all signals in this set, according to described their cross correlation, further screening done to described transmitting, obtain the new set that transmits; Wherein, calculate cross-correlation coefficient to comprise:
Two signals are A=[a
1, a
2..., a
n] and B=[b
1, b
2..., b
n], their cross correlation array expression formula is as follows:
Wherein
a
j, b
jrepresent two signal sampling values respectively, t
j, s
jrepresent a respectively
j, b
jcorresponding phase information;
Go out the cross-correlation coefficient of maximum possible according to following formulae discovery from obtained cross correlation array:
p＝max{|c
k|:1≤k≤n-2}；
Step 4), calculation procedure 3) ambiguity function of signal in the set that transmits that obtains, doppler tolerance is obtained by described ambiguity function, then described doppler tolerance is converted to theoretical rate accuracy, finally the theoretical rate accuracy of each signal and the permission speed of a ship or plane mobility scale of active sonar task object in the described set that transmits are compared, what be applicable in the set that transmits described in selecting according to comparative result transmits; Wherein, described ambiguity function expression formula is:
Wherein
be respectively time delay and the phase information of signal,
for the time domain of signal is expressed,
for the time delay conjugation time domain of signal is expressed,
for the amplitude change that phase place is corresponding.
2. the method adopting coding phase-modulated signal to realize direct-wave jamming suppression according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step 2 described) in, the coding form adjusting described coding phase-modulated signal comprises adjustment code element number and coded sequence.
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| CN113156392B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-04-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Clutter suppression method based on pitching domain self-adaptive processing |
| CN115308696A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-11-08 | 佛山电器照明股份有限公司 | Microwave Doppler detection module, anti-interference method, equipment and storage medium |
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