CN103512651B - The Wind turbines state monitoring method reported to the police based on vibration mutation and device - Google Patents
The Wind turbines state monitoring method reported to the police based on vibration mutation and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the Wind turbines state monitoring method and device reported to the police based on vibration mutation, its method includes A, in wind power generating set running, the vibration signal of Real-time Collection wind power generating set；B, it is analyzed processing by the current vibration signal gathered, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event；If C judges to there is vibration mutation event, send alarm signal of suddenling change accordingly the most immediately；D, by repeat the above steps A to C, obtain multiple sudden change alarm signal, in order to contingent diagnosing malfunction.The present invention is directed to existing vibration monitoring warning system on driving chain of wind generating set transfinite send the deficiency of warning just for vibration total value or frequency range, the self study providing a kind of utilization Gaussian distribution model based on statistical theory obtains sudden change alarm threshold value method, effectively catch the sudden change warning system of mutation failure signal, thus improve the accuracy of status monitoring and vibration alarming.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generating set Condition Monitoring Technology, particularly relate to a kind of based on vibration mutation warning
Wind turbines state monitoring method and device.
Technical background
Wind energy is a kind of transition form of solar energy, inexhaustible, nexhaustible, and wind energy is being converted to electric energy
During, any harmful gas and waste material will not be produced, free from environmental pollution, thus the utilization of wind energy is by generation
The extensive attention of national governments of boundary.In recent years, wind power generation industry entered a rapid growth period.
Wind power generating set (abbreviation Wind turbines) is the device converting wind energy into electric energy, and its operation conditions is
The no yield normally directly influencing wind-powered electricity generation, the fault of Wind turbines may cause the damage of self part, even
It is likely to cause more serious consequence.In order to ensure the safe operation of Wind turbines, it is necessary to Wind turbines
Operation conditions is monitored, and diagnoses contingent fault in time.
The condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology of existing Wind turbines, is by shaking of being sent Wind turbines
Dynamic signal carries out periodic monitoring, utilizes frequency of vibration the most variant with normal condition, and by previously according to
Relevant criterion sets alarm threshold value and judges its running status, thus guided maintenance.Report is set according to relevant criterion
Alert threshold value is only able to display total value and reports to the police or frequency range is reported to the police, it is impossible to during the warning of the most detailed reflection equipment
Operation conditions, it is impossible to provide more effective information for the fault diagnosis after alert event.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the state monitoring method of a kind of Wind turbines reported to the police based on vibration mutation, use
Improve status monitoring and vibration alarming accuracy.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of wind turbine reported to the police based on vibration mutation realizing said method
The state monitoring apparatus of group
According to the first aspect of the invention, it is provided that a kind of Wind turbines status monitoring reported to the police based on vibration mutation
Method, comprises the following steps:
A, in wind power generating set running, the vibration signal of Real-time Collection wind power generating set；
B, it is analyzed processing by the current vibration signal gathered, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event；
If C judges to there is vibration mutation event, send alarm signal of suddenling change accordingly the most immediately；
D, by repeat the above steps A to C, obtain multiple sudden change alarm signal, in order to contingent
Diagnosing malfunction.
Preferably, by analyzing the rate of change of vibration signal, vibration mutation event is judged whether.
Preferably, described step B includes: the vibration signal of described current collection is carried out Fourier transformation,
To vibration signal characteristics value；By vibration signal characteristics value and the burst alarm threshold value obtained by self study before
Compare, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event.
Wherein, when vibration signal characteristics value ＞ is more than λ × burst warning level, it is judged that there is vibration bursts event,
λ is mutation factor.
Preferably, described by self study obtain burst alarm threshold value step include:
The vibration signal interior for the previous period currently gathering the vibration signal moment is carried out Fourier transformation respectively,
Obtain the vibration signal characteristics value of a group；
Mean μ and the standard variance σ of each vibration signal characteristics value is calculated according to Gauss model2；
Utilize described mean μ and standard variance σ2Obtain the alarm threshold value that happens suddenly.
Preferably, described burst alarm threshold value Threshold=μ+3 σ.
Preferably, described step C includes: if certain vibration signal characteristics value ＞ λ × Threshold, then judge
There is vibration mutation event, then send alarm signal of suddenling change accordingly, wherein said λ is mutation factor.
Preferably, step D includes: preserve the alarm log of each sudden change alarm signal and corresponding vibration signal
Characteristic value data；Trend according to the alarm log each vibration signal characteristics Value Data to being preserved is carried out point
Analysis, diagnoses contingent fault.
According to the second aspect of the invention, it is provided that a kind of Wind turbines status monitoring reported to the police based on vibration mutation
Device, including:
Acquisition module, for the vibration letter of Real-time Collection wind power generating set in wind power generating set running
Number；
Vibration mutation event judge module, by being analyzed processing to the current vibration signal gathered, it is judged that be
No there is vibration mutation event；
Sudden change alarm module, in the case of judging to there is vibration mutation event, sends the alarm signal that suddenlys change accordingly
Number；
Fault diagnosis module, is carried out point by the multiple sudden change alarm signals exporting described sudden change alarm module
Analysis, to contingent diagnosing malfunction.
Preferably, described vibration mutation event judge module includes: Fourier transform unit, by currently gather
Vibration signal carries out Fourier transformation, vibration signal characteristics value；Comparing unit, by by vibration signal characteristics value
Compare with the burst alarm threshold value obtained by self study before, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event.
Preferably, vibration mutation event judge module also includes the alarm threshold value self study unit that happens suddenly, and is used for: will
The current vibration signal interior for the previous period gathering the vibration signal moment carries out Fourier transformation respectively, obtains one
The vibration signal characteristics value of group；Mean μ and the standard side of each vibration signal characteristics value is calculated according to Gauss model
Difference σ2, recycle described mean μ and standard variance σ2Obtain the alarm threshold value that happens suddenly.
Relative to prior art, the solution have the advantages that, for existing on driving chain of wind generating set
Vibration monitoring warning system transfinites send the deficiency of warning just for vibration total value or frequency range, sets according to rotating machinery
The mechanism of production of the eigenvalue sudden change of vibration signal during received shipment row, it is provided that a kind of utilization is studied the science based on statistics
The self study of the Gaussian distribution model of opinion obtains sudden change alarm threshold value method, effectively catches the prominent of mutation failure signal
Become warning system, thus improve the accuracy of status monitoring and vibration alarming.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings method, device and the principle of the present invention is described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the condition monitoring device of wind power machine set reported to the police based on vibration mutation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is to show the schematic diagram of vibration mutation time judgment module concrete structure in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the Wind turbines state monitoring method reported to the police based on vibration mutation of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the sudden change alarm flow figure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Wind-driven generator is in running, and due to all faults, vibration values can be undergone mutation, before and after sudden change one
Vibration signal in the section time, particularly significant to analyzing failure cause.Although the vibration of unit before and after vibration mutation
Value is all not above the vibration alarming threshold value pre-set, but this catastrophic event occurs, and implys that the strong of unit
Health situation there occurs change.Therefore, use sudden change warning to describe catastrophic event, and record triggering alert event
Moment, storage is reported to the police the characteristic value data before and after the moment, can preferably grasp the operation conditions of unit, and
Time take corresponding measure, trouble-saving spread and deteriorate further.
The threshold value of the sudden change alarm decision of the present invention is arranged and being distinguished as that conventional alarm threshold value is arranged:
1, the threshold value in conventional alarm, is the threshold value arranged according to the countries concerned's standard, for fixing machine
Group, these threshold values are constants, by initial setting up good after, typically will not change over and change.
2, the threshold value in the catastrophic event of the present invention, be based on machine stable operation for the previous period state and from
Study obtains, and can change along with the change of the running status of machine, simultaneously can be according to unit real time execution shape
State adjusts mutation factor so that judge that the threshold value reported to the police has adaptivity.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of condition monitoring device of wind power machine set reported to the police based on vibration mutation of the present invention, bag
Include: acquisition module 1, for the vibration of Real-time Collection wind power generating set in wind power generating set running
Signal；Vibration mutation event judge module 2, by being analyzed processing to the current vibration signal gathered, sentences
Break and whether there is vibration mutation event；Sudden change alarm module 3, in the case of judging to there is vibration mutation event,
Send alarm signal of suddenling change accordingly；Fault diagnosis module 4, by many to the output of described sudden change alarm module
Individual sudden change alarm signal is analyzed, to contingent diagnosing malfunction.
Fig. 2 shows the concrete structure of the vibration mutation event judge module in Fig. 1, and this module includes: Fu Li
Leaf transformation unit 21, carries out Fourier transformation by the vibration signal currently gathered, obtains vibration signal characteristics value；
Comparing unit 22, by by described vibration signal characteristics value and the burst warning level obtained by self study before
Value compares, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event；And burst alarm threshold value self study unit 23,
For calculate according to Gauss model current gather the vibration signal moment for the previous period in the vibration signal of collection
Carry out Fourier transformation respectively, obtain mean μ and the standard variance σ of the vibration signal characteristics value of a group2, then profit
With described mean μ and standard variance σ2Obtain the alarm threshold value that happens suddenly.
The present invention sudden change report to the police it is crucial that accurately to capture jump signal, the most accurately know that machine vibration suddenlys change
In the moment occurred, for wind power generating set, vibration signal, after Fourier transformation, can obtain each
Individual frequency multiplication and the eigenvalue of frequency dividing.The unexpected change of these eigenvalues, all reflects the change of equipment operation condition,
Therefore, it is necessary to find physical quantity that is definite and that can accurately measure to describe catastrophic event.
The catastrophic event of the present invention can be described as:
1, electromotor turns frequently and frequency multiplication exceedes the change of this feature value threshold value.
2, dynamo bearing fault characteristic frequency and frequency multiplication thereof exceed the change of this feature value threshold value.
3, gear-box meshing frequency at different levels and side frequency thereof exceed the change of this feature value threshold value.
4, on driving-chain, the eigenvalue such as the peak index of each bearing, kurtosis index there occurs and exceedes this feature value threshold
The change of value.
In order to get rid of owing to becoming the interference of the unstable factors such as slurry, driftage in wind-driven generator running, " prominent
Become and report to the police " be embodied as, change characterizing with the percentage ratio vibrating total value shared by each characteristic frequency vibration values
Vibration intensity of variation caused by catastrophic event, for example, under accidental conditions, generator drive end
In rumble spectrum, electromotor turn frequency vibration value account for vibration total value ratio be 20%, then can set and work as electromotor
Turn frequency vibration value account for vibration total value ratio more than 40% time, it is believed that wind generating set vibration state becomes
Change.
Due to unit vibration signal Gaussian distributed within a certain period of time, therefore this sudden change alarm threshold value is permissible
The eigenvalue of the vibration signal in a period of time before occurring according to this sudden change, utilizes height based on statistical theory
This distributed model self study obtains the threshold value that sudden change is reported to the police.
According to statistical theory, for each eigenvalue k of vibration signal, it is considered as one group of stochastic variable,
It is distributed Gaussian distributed, is designated as N (μ, σ2), wherein μ is average, σ2For standard variance.Therefore,
According to the n stack features value obtained after unit operation a period of time, it is calculated average and the side of each eigenvalue
Difference, can reflect vibration signal characteristics value distribution situation in this section of time range.
The threshold value of the eigenvalue distribution in this section of time range is expressed as formula:
Threshold (k)=μ (k)+3 σ (k)；
After self study threshold value completes, in order to accurately judge catastrophic event, by eigenvalue Value (k) of current time
Threshold value Threshold (k) obtained with self study compares, if meeting Value (k) ＞ λ × Threshold
K (), then trigger vibration mutation and report to the police.Wherein λ is mutation factor, can weigh vibration signal mutation content
Size, it is possible to be adjusted according to the situation of Wind turbines actual motion, such as: operation time, service condition,
Environmental factors etc..Generally the value of λ is 1.5～6.5.
Fig. 3 shows the Wind turbines state monitoring method reported to the police based on vibration mutation of the present invention, including following
Step:
A, in wind power generating set running, the vibration signal of Real-time Collection wind power generating set；
B, by being analyzed processing to the current vibration signal gathered, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event；
If C judges to there is vibration mutation event, send alarm signal of suddenling change accordingly the most immediately；
D, by repeat the above steps A to C, obtain multiple sudden change alarm signal, in order to contingent
Diagnosing malfunction.
As it has been described above, the present invention can be by analyzing the rate of change of vibration signal, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation
Event.
Wherein, step B includes: the vibration signal currently gathered is carried out Fourier transformation, obtains current vibration
Signal characteristic value；By by current vibration signal characteristic value and the burst alarm threshold value obtained by self study before
Compare, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event.
As it has been described above, by self study obtain happen suddenly alarm threshold value step include: will currently gather vibration signal
The interior for the previous period vibration signal gathered in moment carries out Fourier transformation respectively, obtains the vibration signal of a group
Eigenvalue；Mean μ and the standard variance σ of each vibration signal characteristics value is calculated according to Gauss model2；Utilize institute
State mean μ and standard variance σ2Obtain the alarm threshold value that happens suddenly.
Additionally, burst alarm threshold value Threshold=μ+3 σ of the present invention.
It addition, above-mentioned steps C includes: if certain vibration signal characteristics value ＞ λ × Threshold, then judge to deposit
In vibration mutation event, then sending alarm signal of suddenling change accordingly, wherein said λ is mutation factor.
Additionally, above-mentioned steps D includes: preserve the alarm log of each sudden change alarm signal and vibrate letter accordingly
Number characteristic value data；Trend according to the alarm log each vibration signal characteristics Value Data to being preserved is carried out point
Analysis, diagnoses contingent fault.
Fig. 4 shows one of present invention sudden change alarm flow, realization of its sudden change warning function be broadly divided into
Lower 5 parts:
(1) in eigenvalue buffer, the characteristic value data of the vibration signal in preservation unit operation a period of time,
And according to operating states of the units real-time update.
(2) according to characteristic value data, according to the self-learning algorithm of Gaussian distribution model based on statistical theory,
Obtain the sudden change alarm threshold value of unit, be characterized in the operation conditions of unit in this section of even running time range；
(3) threshold value obtained according to self study, it is judged that in the range of a period of time, each feature of unit vibration
Whether value undergos mutation, and reports to the police if it occur that sudden change then triggers sudden change, and judges that sudden change is reported to the police the most effective；
(4) for this warning that judges effectively to suddenly change, then corresponding preservation alarm log and alert data, in order to
Historical query and each alarm feature Value Data trend of analysis, thus tracing trouble easily and effectively；
(5) when preserve sudden change warning message success after, this alarm technique that suddenlys change, and return judgement dash forward next time
Become and report to the police, regain the vibration performance Value Data of next running status, and self study obtains new sudden change and reports to the police
Threshold value, suddenly change warning associative operation next time.
Although above the present invention being described in detail, but the invention is not restricted to this, the art skill
Art personnel can carry out various amendment according to the principle of the present invention.Therefore, all according to repairing that the principle of the invention is made
Change, all should be understood to fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the Wind turbines state monitoring method reported to the police based on vibration mutation, including:
A, in wind power generating set running, the vibration signal of Real-time Collection wind power generating set；
B, by being analyzed processing to the current vibration signal gathered, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event；
C, judge there is vibration mutation event in the case of, send alarm signal of suddenling change accordingly immediately, and
Judge that sudden change is reported to the police the most effective；
D, by repeat the above steps A to C, obtain multiple sudden change alarm signal, and to the plurality of sudden change
Alarm signal is analyzed, to contingent diagnosing malfunction；
Wherein, described judge whether that vibration mutation event includes:
The vibration signal currently gathered is carried out Fourier transformation, obtains current vibration signal characteristic value；
By current vibration signal characteristic value is compared with the sudden change alarm threshold value obtained by self study before
Relatively, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event；
Described judges that sudden change warning the most effectively includes:
In order to get rid of in wind-driven generator running owing to becoming oar, the interference of driftage unstable factor, use feature
The percentage ratio change of frequency vibration value shared vibration total value characterizes the vibration intensity of variation caused by catastrophic event；
If the percentage ratio of characteristic frequency vibration values shared vibration total value exceedes setting, then judge that Wind turbines shakes
Dynamic state changes.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described catastrophic event is described as:
Electromotor turns frequency and frequency multiplication there occurs the change exceeding its sudden change alarm threshold value；
Dynamo bearing fault characteristic frequency and frequency multiplication thereof there occurs the change exceeding its sudden change alarm threshold value；
Gear-box meshing frequency at different levels and side frequency thereof there occurs the change exceeding its sudden change alarm threshold value；
On driving-chain, the peak index of each bearing, kurtosis index feature value there occurs and exceed its sudden change alarm threshold value
Change.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described by self study obtain sudden change report
The step of alert threshold value includes:
The interior for the previous period vibration signal gathered currently gathering the vibration signal moment is carried out Fourier respectively
Conversion, obtains the vibration signal characteristics value of a group；
Mean μ and the standard variance σ of each vibration signal characteristics value is calculated according to Gauss model2；
Utilize described mean μ and standard variance σ2Obtain the alarm threshold value that suddenlys change.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described sudden change alarm threshold value
Threshold=μ+3 σ.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described judges whether that vibration is prominent
Change event includes:
If certain vibration signal characteristics value ＞ λ × Threshold, then judge to there is vibration mutation event, wherein said λ
For mutation factor.
6. the condition monitoring device of wind power machine set reported to the police based on vibration mutation, including:
Acquisition module, for the vibration letter of Real-time Collection wind power generating set in wind power generating set running
Number；
Vibration mutation event judge module, for by being analyzed processing to the current vibration signal gathered, sentencing
Break and whether there is vibration mutation event；
Sudden change alarm module, in the case of judging to there is vibration mutation event, sends the report that suddenlys change accordingly immediately
Alert signal, and judge that sudden change is reported to the police the most effective；
Fault diagnosis module, by repeating above-mentioned module, obtains multiple sudden change alarm signal, and to multiple
Sudden change alarm signal is analyzed, to contingent diagnosing malfunction；
Wherein, described vibration mutation event judge module includes:
Fourier transform unit, carries out Fourier transformation by the vibration signal currently gathered, and obtains current vibration letter
Number eigenvalue；
Comparing unit, by by current vibration signal characteristic value and the sudden change warning level obtained by self study before
Value compares, it may be judged whether there is vibration mutation event；
Described sudden change alarm module includes:
The sudden change effective judging unit of warning, in order to get rid of in wind-driven generator running owing to becoming oar, driftage not
The interference of stabilizing factor, changes with the percentage ratio vibrating total value shared by characteristic frequency vibration values and characterizes catastrophic event
Caused vibration intensity of variation；
If the percentage ratio of characteristic frequency vibration values shared vibration total value exceedes setting, then judge that Wind turbines shakes
Dynamic state changes.
Device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described catastrophic event is described as:
Electromotor turns frequency and frequency multiplication there occurs the change exceeding its sudden change alarm threshold value；
Dynamo bearing fault characteristic frequency and frequency multiplication thereof there occurs the change exceeding its sudden change alarm threshold value；
Gear-box meshing frequency at different levels and side frequency thereof there occurs the change exceeding its sudden change alarm threshold value；
On driving-chain, the peak index of each bearing, kurtosis index feature value there occurs and exceed its sudden change alarm threshold value
Change.
Device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that vibration mutation event judge module also wraps
Include sudden change alarm threshold value self study unit, gather for will currently gather the interior for the previous period of vibration signal moment
Vibration signal carry out Fourier transformation respectively, obtain one group of vibration signal characteristics value；Calculate according to Gauss model
The mean μ of each vibration signal characteristics value and standard variance σ2；And utilize described mean μ and standard variance σ2?
To sudden change alarm threshold value.
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| CN105041631B (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-06-06 | 莱芜钢铁集团电子有限公司 | The detection method and system of a kind of drive shaft vibration signal of gas compressor |
| CN105865611B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2019-03-12 | 深圳艾瑞斯通技术有限公司 | A kind of method and device adjusting fiber-optic vibration detection threshold value |
| CN107392401A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-11-24 | 上海理工大学 | Heavy-duty mill roll loads the failure prediction method of intelligent robot |
| EP3732370B1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-04-24 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Method and apparatus for monitoring a wind turbine |
| CN109765045A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-17 | 广东省智能制造研究所 | It is a kind of for rotating the system and method for class mechanical remote monitoring and fault diagnosis |
| CN110569517B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2022-07-22 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Alarm optimization design method for master control system of wind turbine generator |
| CN111076808B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-03-22 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Real-time vibration monitoring and early warning system for diesel engine bench test |
| CN111504450A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-07 | 郑州恩普特科技股份有限公司 | Equipment fault alarm method and device |
| CN112798097A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 重庆斯铂电气自动化设备有限公司 | Vibration monitoring system |
| CN113187669B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-04-08 | 东方电气风电股份有限公司 | Intelligent inhibition method for tower barrel over-vibration of large wind generating set |
| CN117269664B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2024-05-03 | 国家电网有限公司华东分部 | Positioning method and device for line fault points of wind power plant and electronic equipment |
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| JP4658743B2 (en) * | 2005-09-05 | 2011-03-23 | 株式会社大林組 | Vibration monitoring system |
| CN101393049B (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2010-09-08 | 北京天源科创风电技术有限责任公司 | Vibration monitoring and failure diagnosis method for wind generating set |
| CN101995290B (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2013-04-24 | 威能极公司 | Method and system for monitoring vibration of wind driven generator |
| CN101858778A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-10-13 | 浙江大学 | Vibration monitoring-based wind generator set automatic fault diagnosis method |
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