CN103510439B - A kind of method of direct measurement track centre and device - Google Patents
A kind of method of direct measurement track centre and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103510439B CN103510439B CN201310463143.1A CN201310463143A CN103510439B CN 103510439 B CN103510439 B CN 103510439B CN 201310463143 A CN201310463143 A CN 201310463143A CN 103510439 B CN103510439 B CN 103510439B
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Abstract
The method of direct measurement track centre and a device, be arranged on the line mid point of the travelling wheel Down Highway of the left and right train of rail measuring apparatus by dolly lens optical center; The left and right train of rail measuring apparatus for benchmark is by dolly prism centers automatic forced centering, makes above-mentioned line mid point overlap with track centre point with rail effect limit.Device comprises measures beam, connecting axle and floor stringer, measures beam and is connected by connecting axle with floor stringer; The left side beam measuring beam is connected with right side beam by automatic forced centralising device, and outside left side beam, revolver system is installed in lower end, and right train is installed in the lower end, outside of right side beam, and automatic forced centralising device is in the midline position measuring beam; Floor stringer is identical with measurement girder construction; The error loop of measurement has been reduced minimum by the present invention, the precision that track centre is measured only depends on total powerstation, by gauge, level, the gradient, azimuth is isoparametric affects, be a kind of automatically, continuously, high accuracy directly measures effective measuring method of track centre.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to orbit measurement technical field.
Background technology
Track centre coordinate is the most basic evaluation index of track engineering quality condition.By detecting track Measured Coordinates value and comparing with Track desigh value, obtain horizontal stroke, the vertical deviation of track centre, track engineering quality can be reflected intuitively comprehensively.
The measuring method of current track center line mainly contains two kinds: one, adopt total powerstation+level gauge to carry out artificial observation; Two, rail measuring apparatus automatic Observation is adopted.
During artificial observation, two ends can be utilized to be provided with the track gauge of prism or directly to put mirror in rail surface, the same section of track is once manually sighted respectively to left and right rail prism and observes, the coordinate of the line mid point of double measurement point, namely can be considered the coordinate of track centre after deduction prism to the fixing discrepancy in elevation of rail level.Compare with the Track desigh Coordinate of central line of corresponding points, obtain track centre horizontal stroke, the vertical deviation of surveying.The method is that indirect inspection track centre sits calibration method, needs secondary manually to sight and observation row-coordinate of going forward side by side converts, and artificial amount of calculation is large, measures efficiency low.Meanwhile, the method, also by the measurement of the factors such as gauge, superelevation, azimuth, the gradient, can bring angular error deducting prism, and artificial compensation's difficulty very greatly, is a kind of measuring method of non-precision to during the fixing discrepancy in elevation of rail level.
During artificial observation, also can utilize band forced centering structural rail midline ruler (Chengdu Pu Luo meter new science and technology responsibility Co., Ltd, application number 201110092323.4), only need carry out shirtsleeve operation just can be accurately positioned in track centre by prism, once manually sight and measure and can obtain track centre coordinate, and not by the impact of the factors such as gauge, superelevation, azimuth, the gradient, artificial amount of calculation reduces, certainty of measurement and measurement efficiency are improved.Though the method belongs to directly measure track centre seat calibration method, but still belong to manual measurement, need artificial adjustment track centerline ruler to make chi body is vertical with track centre, manual operation handle make prism with chi body in orbit forced centering, manual operation total powerstation carry out sighting and observe, the artificial horizontal vertical deviation of calculating track centre.Simultaneously, the method is one-point measurement, all loaded down with trivial details manual operation must be carried out by the order of " plumbness of placement track centerline ruler, adjustment chi body and track centre, the forced centering of prism, total powerstation are sighted and observed, mention track centerline ruler and be transported to next survey mark " during often some measurement, therefore, the method is only applicable to manually spot-check a small amount of point of track centre.
During automatic Observation, the three-dimensional coordinate of prism point on computer remote control high precision total station actual measurement errant measuring instrument, and carry out information fusion with the attitude parameter (gauge, superelevation, azimuth, the gradient etc.) of rail measuring apparatus synchro measure, calculate the track centre point Measured Coordinates of corresponding point position, design coordinate in real time, and track centre is horizontal, vertical deviation.Rail measuring apparatus is vehicle structure, can carry out along track, carry out continuous measurement or one-point measurement as required, simple and quick, and rely on the data processing that computer has carried out complexity, automaticity and measurement efficiency, all significantly higher than artificial observation method, are the main method of current high speed railway track center line survey.The method is the method for indirect inspection track centre, the information participating in coordinate transformation had both comprised prism point coordinates, also comprise the measured value of the measure the item such as gauge, superelevation, also need the actual value at the true bearing angle, the gradient etc. estimating track according to Track desigh data simultaneously, error link is more, error superposition phenomenon after information fusion is obvious, thus the control errors to vehicle structure, each measure the item, particularly the accuracy class of total powerstation is had higher requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of measuring method and device of direct measurement track centre.Can automatic, continuous, high-precision direct measurement track centre.
Automatic measurement track centre of the present invention, under referring to the control of the novel track measuring instrument main control computer therein adopting this measuring method, drone version total powerstation completes search to dolly prism automatically, follow the tracks of, sight, observe and survey data is wireless uploads, automatically the calculating of track centre Measured Coordinates is carried out, Automatic inquirying track centre design coordinate also calculates track centre horizontal stroke, vertical deviation, automatically carries out the display of measurement result, storage and application.
Continuous measurement track centre of the present invention, refer to that this novel track measuring instrument can rely on himself train orbital motion, what remain with track in traveling process is closely connected to maintain correct measurement attitude, the Quick Measurement of continuous print or fixed point can be carried out, without the need to operations such as reorientating before measuring to track Coordinate of central line.
High accuracy of the present invention directly measures track centre, refer to that this novel track measuring instrument has automatic forced centralising device, can ensure in or one-point measurement process continuous in track centre, dolly lens optical center overlaps with track centre point all the time, the coordinate value that total station survey lens optical center obtains is exactly the Measured Coordinates value of track centre point, therefore, this is a kind of direct measuring method, and measurement result is not by gauge, superelevation, azimuth, the impact of the factors such as the gradient, the error link affecting measuring process is reduced to minimum, therefore, this is again a kind of high-precision measuring method.
Measuring method of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
(1) dolly lens optical center is arranged on the line mid point of travelling wheel Down Highway (i.e. left and right tread face) of the left and right train of rail measuring apparatus.
(2) the left and right train of rail measuring apparatus with rail effect limit (under tread face 16mm place) for benchmark is by dolly lens optical center automatic forced centering, above-mentioned line mid point is overlapped, not by the impact of the changes such as track gauge, level, the gradient, azimuth with track centre point.
Rail measuring apparatus of the present invention, it is characterized in that adopting unique structure, the relative position relation of automatic forced centralising device and track can be ensured, namely automatic forced centralising device is in the state vertical with track centre all the time with measurement beam, and the spatial attitude of automatic forced centralising device adapts to automatically with the change of orbital position.
Rail measuring apparatus of the present invention, is characterized in that comprising and measures beam (1), connecting axle (2) and floor stringer (3) composition, measure beam (1) and be connected by connecting axle (2) with floor stringer (3).
Measurement beam (1) of the present invention comprises the compositions such as revolver system (4), left side beam (5), automatic forced centralising device (6), right side beam (7) and right train (8).Left side beam (5) is connected with right side beam (7) by automatic forced centralising device (6), revolver system (4) is installed in lower end, left side beam (5) outside, right train (8) is installed in the lower end, outside of right side beam (7), and automatic forced centralising device (6) is in the midline position measuring beam (1).
Floor stringer of the present invention (3) has identical structure with measurement beam (1), can exchange.A dolly prism holder is installed in bottom as the automatic forced centralising device (6) of the beam of measurement beam, and dolly prism (17) is arranged on dolly prism holder.And the optical centre of dolly prism (17) is in revolver system (4) with on the line mid point of the travelling wheel Down Highway of right train (8).
Connecting axle of the present invention (2), adopts slew gear.
Automatic forced centralising device (6) of the present invention, it is characterized in that rail measuring apparatus is in the process such as traveling, measurement, can remain revolver system (4), right train (8) respectively with left rail (9), right rail (10) action edge closely connected, ensure core case (12) automatic forced centering simultaneously, thus guarantee that dolly lens optical center overlaps with track centre point all the time.
Automatic forced centralising device (6) of the present invention, adopts straight line centering body.
Left side beam of the present invention (5) and right side beam (7) two handles have also been installed respectively.
Technique effect of the present invention is: the error loop of measurement has been reduced minimum by the automatic observation process directly measuring track centre measuring principle, the precision that track centre is measured only depends on total powerstation, by gauge, level, the gradient, azimuth is isoparametric affects, be a kind of automatically, continuously, high accuracy directly measures effective measuring method of track centre, be with a wide range of applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the novel track measuring instrument of a kind of detailed description of the invention of the present invention.Wherein, 1 for measuring beam, and 2 is connecting axle, and 3 is floor stringer.
Structural representation when accompanying drawing 2 is the measurement beam work in Fig. 1 of the present invention.Wherein, 4 is revolver system, and 5 is left side beam, and 6 is automatic forced centralising device, and 7 is right side beam, and 8 is right train, and 9 is left rail, and 10 is right rail.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of a kind of detailed description of the invention of forced centering apparatus 6 of the present invention and dolly prism holder.Wherein, 11 is upper rack, casing centered by 12, and 13 is optical centre gear, and 14 is lower tooth bar, and 15 is lower prism base, and 16 is magnet, and 17 is spherical prism.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the overall structure of measurement mechanism, in " work " font structure, is measured beam 1 and is connected by connecting axle 2 with floor stringer 3.Adopt the novel track measuring instrument of " work " font structure can keep the stable of attitude in measurement track centre process.Install ram seat assembly in the appropriate location of connecting axle 2, be arranged on by push-rod assembly after on ram seat assembly, novel track measuring instrument can be carried out along track, measures track geometry status such as track Coordinate of central lines.
As shown in Figure 2, the measurement beam 1 of measurement mechanism is placed on the track that left rail 9 and right rail 10 form.Left side beam 5 and right side beam 7, revolver system 4 are all arranged symmetrically with right train 8 and structure is identical.The effect of handle is the carrying for facilitating novel track measuring instrument.
As shown in Figure 3, automatic forced centralising device 6 is primarily of compositions such as core case 12, the central gear 13 be arranged in core case, upper rack 11, lower tooth bar 14 and two Compress Springs, and central gear (13) engages with upper rack (11), lower tooth bar (14) simultaneously; One end and the right side beam (7) of one end of upper rack (11) and left side beam (5), lower tooth bar (14) are fixed together, and the other end of upper rack (11) and lower tooth bar (14) is in free state; Two Compress Springs are placed on the centre of core case and left side beam, right side beam respectively.And automatic forced centralising device 6 is positioned at the centre position measuring beam 1.Dolly prism holder is primarily of compositions such as lower prism base 15, magnet 16.Magnet 16 is fixed by screws on lower prism base 15, and lower prism base 15 is fixed by screws in core case 12 equally.
Dolly prism holder is arranged on measures the symmetrical centre of beam 1, the below of core case 12.Diameter and height, spherical prism 17 diameter etc. of installed surface height and prism base 15 form a vertical dimension chain, are undertaken designing, process and adjusting by exchanging principle completely; Lateral attitude presses full symmetrical configuration and carries out designing, process and adjusting, thus effectively ensure spherical prism 17 optical centre to be arranged at novel track measuring instrument revolver system 4, right train 8 travelling wheel Down Highway line mid point on.
Spherical prism 17 is arranged on the midline position of prism base 15, and the shell due to spherical prism 17 is permeability magnetic material, and spherical prism 17 can accurately locate and be fixed on prism base 15 under the magneticaction of magnet 16.
Wherein, central gear 13 engages with upper rack 11, lower tooth bar 14 simultaneously, composition straight line centering body, according to relative motion principle, central gear 13 is the instantaneous center of velocity of the two with the node of tooth bar, when arbitrary rack drives central gear 13, central gear 13 drives another tooth bar to do rightabout rectilinear motion all simultaneously, and the displacement of two tooth bars is equal, thus guarantee can synchronously stretch out or retract in upper rack 11, lower tooth bar 14 core case 12, play the effect of forced centering.Compress Spring applies a spring force driving left side beam 5 and right side beam 7 to stretch out, and remains that revolver system 4, right train 8 are closely connected with track, realizes the effect of automatic forced centering.In addition, the upper rack 11 of automatic forced centralising device 6, lower tooth bar 14 is also respectively left side beam 5, right side beam 7 provides twin shaft to lead effect.Therefore, effective guarantee rail measuring apparatus revolver system 4, right train 8 with rail effect limit for benchmark is by spherical prism 17 optical centre automatic forced centering, make novel track measuring instrument revolver system 4, the line mid point of travelling wheel Down Highway of right train 8 overlaps with track centre point, by the impact of the changes such as track gauge, level, the gradient, azimuth.
When staff carry out on the track that left rail 9 and right rail 10 form novel track measuring instrument measure orbit geometry parameter time, due to dolly prism holder make spherical prism 17 optical centre be in novel track measuring instrument revolver system 4, right train 8 travelling wheel Down Highway line mid point on, namely on track centre point, and automatic forced centralising device 6 can remain revolver system 4, right train 8 respectively with left rail 9, right rail 10 action edge closely connected, guarantee that spherical prism 17 optical centre overlaps with track centre point all the time.Therefore, effectively can ensure that novel track measuring instrument is in track center line survey process by above-mentioned two technical schemes, along with the change of orbital position, spherical prism 17 optical centre overlaps with track centre point all the time, namely the spherical prism 17 optical centre coordinate that total powerstation records is the coordinate of track centre point, realize the direct measurement to track centre, by the continuous measurement along track, directly can record track centre.This is a kind of automatic observation process of direct measurement track centre, the error loop of measurement has been reduced minimum by the method measuring principle, the precision that track centre is measured only depends on total powerstation, by gauge, level, the gradient, azimuth is isoparametric affects, be a kind of automatically, continuously, high accuracy directly measures effective measuring method of track centre, be with a wide range of applications.
Claims (3)
1. directly measure a method for track centre, it is characterized in that:
(1) dolly lens optical center is arranged on the line mid point of travelling wheel Down Highway of the left and right train of rail measuring apparatus;
(2) the left and right train of rail measuring apparatus with rail effect limit for benchmark, by dolly lens optical center Automatic continuous forced centering, and keep automatic forced centralising device and measure beam being in the state vertical with track centre all the time, above-mentioned line mid point is overlapped with track centre point.
2. realize a rail measuring apparatus for method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising and measure beam (1), connecting axle (2) and floor stringer (3), measure beam (1) and be connected by connecting axle (2) with floor stringer (3);
Described measurement beam (1) comprises revolver system (4), left side beam (5), automatic forced centralising device (6), right side beam (7) and right train (8); Left side beam (5) is connected with right side beam (7) by automatic forced centralising device (6), revolver system (4) is installed in lower end, left side beam (5) outside, right train (8) is installed in the lower end, outside of right side beam (7), and automatic forced centralising device (6) is in the midline position measuring beam (1);
Described floor stringer (3) has identical structure with measurement beam (1);
A dolly prism holder is installed in the bottom measuring the automatic forced centralising device (6) of beam (1), dolly prism (17) is arranged on dolly prism holder, and the optical centre of dolly prism (17) is in revolver system (4) with on the line mid point of the travelling wheel Down Highway of right train (8);
Described connecting axle (2), adopts slew gear;
Described automatic forced centralising device (6), adopts straight line centering body.
3. rail measuring apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described automatic forced centralising device comprises core case (12), the central gear (13) be arranged in core case, upper rack (11), lower tooth bar (14) and two Compress Springs, central gear (13) engages with upper rack (11), lower tooth bar (14) simultaneously; One end and the right side beam (7) of one end of upper rack (11) and left side beam (5), lower tooth bar (14) are fixed together, and the other end of upper rack (11) and lower tooth bar (14) is in free state; Two Compress Springs are placed on the centre of core case and left side beam, right side beam respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310463143.1A CN103510439B (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2013-10-08 | A kind of method of direct measurement track centre and device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310463143.1A CN103510439B (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2013-10-08 | A kind of method of direct measurement track centre and device |
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| CN103510439A CN103510439A (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| CN103510439B true CN103510439B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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| CN105648862B (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-07-28 | 中国航空工业第六一八研究所 | Track centre coordinate dynamic continuous detecting method |
| CN109000547A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-12-14 | 中船勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of forced centering detection device |
| CN108955486A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-07 | 中建安装工程有限公司 | A kind of subway line center Relative ranging device |
| CN109518552B (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2024-06-18 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | Fixed frog center wing rail height difference detection ruler |
| CN110422200A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-08 | 江西日月明测控科技股份有限公司 | A kind of rack and track geometry measuring device |
| CN114249078A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-29 | 广东智源机器人科技有限公司 | Track identification positioning method |
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