CN103506640B - Cated cutting element of a kind of tool and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cated cutting element of a kind of tool and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103506640B
CN103506640B CN201310301614.9A CN201310301614A CN103506640B CN 103506640 B CN103506640 B CN 103506640B CN 201310301614 A CN201310301614 A CN 201310301614A CN 103506640 B CN103506640 B CN 103506640B
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coating
layer
cutting element
tibcn
cated
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CN103506640A (en
Inventor
卢志红
陈龙腾
陈艺聪
郑清平
张守全
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Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co Ltd
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Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides

Abstract

The invention discloses the cated cutting element of a kind of tool, comprise substrate and be coated in the N-C hard material coating of a suprabasil layer or multiple layers, described N-C hard material coating is at least comprised one and is deposited by thermal cvd, and thickness is at least the TiBCN layer of 0.1 μm, in described TiBCN layer, Boron contents is 0.5at% to 10at%.The present invention is by arranging the hard-coating layer of at least one TiBCN layer in the coating, this coating is promoted significantly due to the hardness that adds of boron element, make this coating have outstanding wearability than TiCN simultaneously, and coating is through surperficial post processing, excellent improvement cutting ability can be provided for instrument.

Description

Cated cutting element of a kind of tool and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coated cutting tool for intermetallic composite coating, particularly relate to and a kind of there is cutting element of high rigidity and wear-resisting coating and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
For improving the wearability of instrument, people prepare coating by CVD method, thus have high-wear resistance N-C hard material coating, as TiC, TiN, TiC in its surface coating xn yand Al 2o 3deng, the hardness of these coatings is generally 15GPa to 40GPa.Wearability N-C hard material coating is deposited in wearability substrate usually, and the wear-resisting material of substrate comprises carbide alloy, cermet, hard material and tool steel etc.
The physics of coating or chemical vapour deposition (CVD) can prepare the wearability N-C hard material coating be made up of carbide, nitride, boride, silicide and oxide on suitable matrix.Physical gas-phase deposition is by carrying out physics ablation to suitable coating source and introducing reactant gas component, thus on base material to be coated, required hard material is applied between 300 DEG C to 500 DEG C, the extensive selection of N-C hard material coating chemical composition can be realized, but cannot thick film deposition be realized, uniform coating be applied to the geometrical shaped body of complexity more difficult.
Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) typically refers to thermal cvd, refer in the reaction cavity of temperature range 700 DEG C to 1050 DEG C, at atmospheric or subatmospheric pressures, by means of the admixture of gas be made up of reactive component (this admixture of gas decomposes at the coating temperature) by corresponding hard material blanket deposition on base material.The CVD technique of thermal activation shows unique technology characteristics due to its temperature high deposition, especially favourable to nitride, carbide, carbonitride and the carbon nitrogen oxide of IVB race (particularly Ti element), these N-C hard material coatings adopt single or multiple lift to design usually, and can coordinate with alumina layer and be widely used in cutting element.These key characters adopting CVD technique to prepare N-C hard material coating have obvious crystalline structure, usually obvious crystal face is shown as preferentially, and its columnar crystal structure is more sturdy than PVD, also more coarse surface is therefore caused, by suitable surperficial aftertreatment technology, as this coarse surface-smoothing in used aluminium oxide can make as the wet abrasive blasting of medium or polishing etc.By using the hard coating material containing boron element, the hardness of coating can be improved, thus improve the wearability of coating.
Publication number is that the patent application of DE2525185 describes the wearability profiled part be made up of the main body of hard Metal Substrate and hard material coating, this hard material coating is made up of two mutually stacked subgrades, skin in these two subgrades is made up of aluminium oxide and/or zirconia, is positioned at inner subgrade and is made up of the diboride of one or more borides, especially element titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten.
Publication number is that the patent application of EP0015451 describes a kind of hard metal object through coating with multi-layered hard material coating, the skin of this multi-layered hard material coating to be thickness the be boride of 5 μm to 20 μm, this boride is selected from titanium boride, hafnium boride, zirconium boride and tantalum boride.
Publication number is that the patent application of DE10222347 describes a kind of TiBN layer obtained by CVD technique, and in layer, the content of boron is more than or equal to 6 % by weight.
Such conclusion can be drawn by existing public technology: add boron element in the coating, can hardness be significantly improved.In coating, the more high and thick degree of boron content is thicker, and the hardness of coating is higher, therefore more can improve the wearability of coating.But, adopt CVD deposition Boron Containing Coating that boron can be made to diffuse to cement carbide substrate, form brittlement phase or the η phase of boracic, largely reduce the service life of sintered-carbide tool.Therefore, the Boron contents added in coating is limited not produce brittlement phase.Except reducing the content of boron element, also can, by the design of laminated coating, adopt the N-C hard material coating of not boracic as diffusion impervious layer, brittle risk can be reduced further.
Too high Boron contents occurs except brittle risk except having, and when cutting element processing produces high temperature, boron and iron also may be caused to react.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming prior art, cated cutting element of a kind of tool and preparation method thereof is provided, by arranging the hard-coating layer of at least one TiBCN layer in the coating, this coating is promoted significantly due to the hardness that adds of boron element, make this coating have outstanding wearability than TiCN simultaneously, and coating is through surperficial post processing, excellent improvement cutting ability can be provided for instrument.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the cated cutting element of a kind of tool, comprise substrate and be coated in the N-C hard material coating of a suprabasil layer or multiple layers, described N-C hard material coating is at least comprised one and is deposited by thermal cvd, and thickness is at least the TiBCN layer of 0.1 μm, in described TiBCN layer, Boron contents is 0.5at% to 10at%.
The crystal grain of described TiBCN layer is the granular to columnar configurations of < 2 μm, and the crystal grain of preferred TiBCN layer is the thin columnar configurations of < 500nm.
The thickness of described TiBCN layer is 0.1 μm to 15 μm, and the thickness of preferred TiBCN layer is 1 μm to 8 μm.
Described TiBCN layer micro-vickers hardness reaches more than 30Gpa.
The cated cutting element of a kind of tool, form by applying cated sintered-carbide, cermet or ceramic bases at least partly, described total coating thickness 1-25 μm, preferred 3-18 μm, this coating at least comprises one deck TiB xc yn zlayer, TiB xc yn z(X > 0) layer is formed by MT-CVD process deposits.
The first coating that described coating is outwards distributed successively by substrate, the second coating and the 3rd coating form; Described first coating comprises the one or more layers being selected from titanium nitride or titanium carbonitride, the first coating layer thickness 0.1-3 μm, and preferred thickness is 0.2-1.0 μm; Described second coating is the TiB of thin column crystal xc yn zlayer, the second coating layer thickness 2 μm is to 10 μm, and the preferred thickness of the second coating is 2 μm to 8 μm; Described 3rd coating to be thickness the be painted top layer of 0.1-3 μm, the preferred thickness of the 3rd coating is 0.3-1.5 μm.
Described 3rd coating is TiN, TiC, TiCN, ZrN or HfN coating, adopts CVD or PVD method deposition to form, and preferably adopts CVD method deposition to form.
A preparation method for the cated cutting element of tool is the N-C hard material coating applying a layer or multiple layers in substrate, at least comprises a TiB adopting MT-CVD method to be prepared from N-C hard material coating xc yn zlayer, its preparation temperature is 800-950 DEG C, and adopts BCl 3be used as the boron source forming this layer, described BCl 3account for the 0.1%-3% of total air flow, preferably account for the 0.3-2% of total air flow, altogether, acetonitrile is used as carbon/nitrogenous source.
In described preparation method, hairbrush is used to carry out post processing scratch brushing to coating, at least in roughness Ra≤0.5 μm in rake face chip contact district.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Because its N-C hard material coating comprises one deck TiBCN layer, it has the advantages that to improve anti-wear performance.This N-C hard material coating can be produced economically, avoid brittle risk occurs, TiBCN layer wherein has high rigidity and thin columnar crystal structure, improves wearability, there is frictional behaviour advantageously, and maintain high toughness and chemical-resistant as much as possible.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail; But cated cutting element of a kind of tool of the present invention and preparation method thereof is not limited to embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of embodiment one coating surface of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of embodiment one coating section of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of embodiment two coating surface of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of embodiment two coating section of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
The cated cutting element of a kind of tool of the present invention, comprise substrate and be coated in the N-C hard material coating of a suprabasil layer or multiple layers, described N-C hard material coating is at least comprised one and is deposited by thermal cvd, and thickness is at least the TiBCN layer of 0.1 μm, in described TiBCN layer, Boron contents is 0.5at% to 10at%.
The crystal grain of described TiBCN layer is the granular to columnar configurations of < 2 μm, and the crystal grain of preferred TiBCN layer is the thin columnar configurations of < 500nm.
The thickness of described TiBCN layer is 0.1 μm to 15 μm, and the thickness of preferred TiBCN layer is 1 μm to 8 μm.
Described TiBCN layer micro-vickers hardness reaches more than 30Gpa.
The cated cutting element of a kind of tool of the present invention, form by applying cated sintered-carbide, cermet or ceramic bases at least partly, described total coating thickness 1-25 μm, preferred 3-18 μm, this coating at least comprises one deck TiB xc yn zlayer, TiB xc yn z(X > 0) (x+y+z=1) layer is formed by MT-CVD process deposits.
The first coating that described coating is outwards distributed successively by substrate, the second coating and the 3rd coating form; Described first coating comprises the one or more layers being selected from titanium nitride or titanium carbonitride, the first coating layer thickness 0.1-3 μm, and preferred thickness is 0.2-1.0 μm; Described second coating is the TiB of thin column crystal xc yn zlayer, the second coating layer thickness 2 μm is to 10 μm, and the preferred thickness of the second coating is 2 μm to 8 μm; Described 3rd coating to be thickness the be painted top layer of 0.1-3 μm, the preferred thickness of the 3rd coating is 0.3-1.5 μm.
Described 3rd coating is TiN, TiC, TiCN, ZrN or HfN coating, adopts CVD or PVD method deposition to form, and preferably adopts CVD method deposition to form.
The preparation method of the cated cutting element of a kind of tool of the present invention is the N-C hard material coating applying a layer or multiple layers in substrate, at least comprises a TiB adopting MT-CVD method to be prepared from N-C hard material coating xc yn zlayer, its preparation temperature is 800-950 DEG C, and adopts BCl 3be used as the boron source forming this layer, described BCl 3account for the 0.1%-3% of total air flow, preferably account for the 0.3-2% of total air flow, altogether, acetonitrile is used as carbon/nitrogenous source.
In described preparation method, hairbrush is used to carry out post processing scratch brushing to coating, at least in roughness Ra≤0.5 μm in rake face chip contact district.
Embodiment one
According to of the present invention, on cemented carbide indexable insert CNMG120408-GM, 2 layers of coating are applied by CVD technology, carbide alloy component is the cubic carbide (TaC+NbC) of Co, 3wt% of 9wt% and the WC of surplus, this two layers of thickness is about 10 μm, is made up of TiN (adjacent with carbide alloy) and TiBCN.
Adopt MT-CVD technology to prepare TiBCN layer, at 700 DEG C to 900 DEG C, under 100mbar pressure, use the TiCl of the hydrogen by 2.5at% to 50at%, 0.1at% to 1at% 4, 0.1at% to 0.5at% CH 3the BCl of CN, 0.5at% to 2at% 3, and surplus inert gas form admixture of gas.
Other layer is deposited by known CVD method.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shows surface and the cross-section morphology of embodiment one coating of the present invention, and recording Boron contents in TiBCN layer is 8at%.
Embodiment two
According to of the present invention, on cemented carbide indexable insert WNMG80408,4 layers of coating are applied by CVD technology, carbide alloy component is the cubic carbide (TaC+NbC) of Co, 3wt% of 9wt% and the WC of surplus, and coating is made up of 1 μm of TiN and TiCN (adjacent with carbide alloy), 5 μm of TiBCN and 1 μm TiN.
Adopt MT-CVD technology to prepare TiBCN layer, at 700 DEG C to 900 DEG C, under 50mbar pressure, use the TiCl of the hydrogen by 2.5at% to 50at%, 0.2at% to 1at% 4, 0.2at% to 0.5at% CH 3the BCl of CN, 0.2at% to 1at% 3, and surplus inert gas form admixture of gas.
Other layer is deposited by known CVD method.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shows surface and the cross-section morphology of embodiment two coating of the present invention, and recording Boron contents in TiBCN layer is 3at%.
Up to now, it is generally acknowledged because CVD technology has temperature high deposition, therefore cannot be prepared the coating of nanostructured by CVD technology.But by the discovery that the present invention is surprised, the coating of nanostructured can be prepared by CVD technology.TiBCN coating of the present invention, when Boron contents is higher than 3at%, can form very meticulous crystallinity Rotating fields, surface grain size can reach below 50nm, this crystallinity Rotating fields produces unusual light, glittering surface, and this layer preferably has preferred orientation on (311) direction.As embodiment two, in addition see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
In wearability, below by way of stainless steel turning, the competition level (prior art) relevant with this application to the blade of embodiment two compares test.
Operation: cylindrical turning;
Workpiece: cylindrical rod;
Material: 304 stainless steels
Blade type: WNMG080408
Cutting speed: 150m/ minute
Feeding: 0.26mm/ turns
Cutting depth: 2mm
Note: dry turning is cut
Cut wear extent VB (unit mm) measurement result after 6 minutes, 14 minutes and 18 minutes to be shown in following table 1.
Table 1 cuts the wear extent after 6,14 and 18 minutes
Grade according to the present invention substantially increases wearability and can observe more level and smooth wearing and tearing.
In the high speed turning operations of steel alloy, it it is below the life-span of the blade of the testing example two competition level (prior art) relevant with this application.
Operation: cylindrical turning
Workpiece: cylindrical rod
Material: 4150 (medium carbon alloy steels)
Blade type: WNMG080408
Cutting speed: 376.8m/ minute
Feeding: 0.25mm/ turns
Cutting depth: 1.5mm
Note: cooling fluid
The blade of embodiment two is shown in following table 2 in the life-span of above-mentioned processing conditions with competition level Y
Table 2 life tools
Sample Life tools (processing work quantity)
Example 2 (the present invention) 45
Competition level Y (prior art) 30
For these two grades, stop test when identical maximum flank wear.Compared to existing technology, grade according to the present invention improves service life greatly
Above-described embodiment is only used for further illustrating cated cutting element of a kind of tool of the present invention and preparation method thereof; but the present invention is not limited to embodiment; every above embodiment is done according to technical spirit of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification, all fall in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the cated cutting element of tool, it is characterized in that: comprise substrate and be coated in the N-C hard material coating of a suprabasil layer or multiple layers, described N-C hard material coating is at least comprised one and is deposited by thermal cvd, and thickness is at least the TiBCN layer of 0.1 μm, in described TiBCN layer, Boron contents is 0.5at% to 10at%.
2. the cated cutting element of tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the crystal grain of described TiBCN layer is the granular to columnar configurations of < 2 μm.
3. the cated cutting element of tool according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the crystal grain of described TiBCN layer is the thin columnar configurations of < 500nm.
4. the cated cutting element of tool according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: the thickness of described TiBCN layer is 0.1 μm to 15 μm.
5. the cated cutting element of tool according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described TiBCN layer micro-vickers hardness reaches more than 30Gpa.
6. the cated cutting element of tool, is characterized in that: form by applying cated sintered-carbide, cermet or ceramic bases at least partly, described total coating thickness 1-25 μm, this coating at least comprises one deck TiB xc yn zlayer, TiB xc yn z(X > 0) layer is formed by MT-CVD process deposits;
The first coating that described coating is outwards distributed successively by substrate, the second coating and the 3rd coating form; Described first coating comprises the one or more layers being selected from titanium nitride or titanium carbonitride, the first coating layer thickness 0.1-3 μm; Described second coating is the TiB of thin column crystal xc yn zlayer, the second coating layer thickness 2 μm is to 10 μm; Described 3rd coating to be thickness the be painted top layer of 0.1-3 μm.
7. the cated cutting element of tool according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described 3rd coating is TiN, TiC, TiCN, ZrN or HfN coating, adopts CVD or PVD method deposition to form.
8. a preparation method for the cated cutting element of tool, is characterized in that: be the N-C hard material coating applying a layer or multiple layers in substrate, at least comprises a TiB adopting MT-CVD method to be prepared from N-C hard material coating xc yn zlayer, its preparation temperature is 800-950 DEG C, and adopts BCl 3be used as the boron source forming this layer, described BCl 3account for the 0.1%-3% of total air flow, altogether, acetonitrile is used as carbon/nitrogenous source.
9. the preparation method of the cated cutting element of tool according to claim 8, is characterized in that: in described preparation method, uses hairbrush to carry out post processing scratch brushing to coating, at least in roughness Ra≤0.5 μm in rake face chip contact district.
CN201310301614.9A 2013-07-17 2013-07-17 Cated cutting element of a kind of tool and preparation method thereof Active CN103506640B (en)

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CN105603387B (en) * 2016-02-11 2018-04-03 广东工业大学 Boron nitride system composite coating, the gradient ultra-fine cemented carbide cutter with the composite coating and preparation method thereof
WO2018131166A1 (en) 2017-01-16 2018-07-19 オーエスジー株式会社 Tool
CN113412344A (en) * 2019-02-08 2021-09-17 欧瑞康表面处理解决方案股份公司普费菲孔 Coating tool with coating comprising diffusion barrier layer containing boride
CN109837542A (en) * 2019-03-04 2019-06-04 长沙而道新能源科技有限公司 A kind of coated cutting tool and preparation method thereof

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CN1905973A (en) * 2004-07-08 2007-01-31 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 Surface-coated cutting tool having film with compressive stress intensity distribution
CN102625737A (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-08-01 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 Surface-coated cutting tool

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JP4284144B2 (en) * 2003-09-26 2009-06-24 京セラ株式会社 Surface coated cutting tool
JP2006000970A (en) * 2004-06-17 2006-01-05 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Surface-coated cermet cutting tool with hard coating layer exerting excellent abrasion resistance in high-speed cutting

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CN1905973A (en) * 2004-07-08 2007-01-31 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 Surface-coated cutting tool having film with compressive stress intensity distribution
CN102625737A (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-08-01 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 Surface-coated cutting tool

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