CN103489277A - Fire early-warning system used for monitoring resistance parameters of electrical circuit online - Google Patents
Fire early-warning system used for monitoring resistance parameters of electrical circuit online Download PDFInfo
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- CN103489277A CN103489277A CN201310446180.1A CN201310446180A CN103489277A CN 103489277 A CN103489277 A CN 103489277A CN 201310446180 A CN201310446180 A CN 201310446180A CN 103489277 A CN103489277 A CN 103489277A
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Abstract
The invention relates to electrical systems, and aims to provide a fire early-warning system used for monitoring resistance parameters of an electrical circuit online. The fire early-warning system comprises a fire early-warning control center and a distribution network. The fire early-warning control center is provided with a data analysis memorizer and a hot spot distribution and image displayer. The distribution network is provided with a multi-channel field monitoring instrument used for transmitting field information to a fire early-warning subsystem, and the fire early-warning subsystem is in data network communication with the data analysis memorizer and the hot spot distribution and image displayer. The distribution network is used for detecting the power transmission line resistance of each power supply line, the contact resistance of each line connecting point and the drain resistance between each line and the ground. The detected power transmission line resistance data, the contact resistance data and the drain resistance data are uploaded to the fire early-warning subsystem through the multi-channel field monitoring instrument. The fire early-warning system monitors electrical parameters which are out of control for a long time, avoids false negative and false positive of early-warning information in the past, and makes a breakthrough in monitoring validity and monitoring accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric system, refer to especially a kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter.
Background technology
As everyone knows, electric wiring, in the process of electric energy transmitting, due to the existence of power transmission line conductor self-resistance, must consume certain electric energy.The network system of electric energy transmitting, except the power transmission line conductor, also will be equipped with generating, transmission of electricity, distribution and the using electricity system of multiple electrical equipment ability complete.These electrical equipments comprise: range transformer, switch, socket, contactor, motor and various work civil electric appliance, and various electrical equipment is all to connect by conductor, and the connection of conductor will inevitably produce contact resistance.Except this, also has the leakage resistance between conductor or equipment and the earth.Under normal circumstances, these resistance consumption electric energy the number, submit to Ohm law and coherence law, and be converted into heat energy and make conductor temp .-elevating heat up produce heat energy to be not sufficient to damage power transmission line and electrical equipment itself, also can not so generate heat and lead to fire.
But the fact existed is, because the maintenance of power transmission line and electrical equipment is improper, human factor and natural cause all may make each resistance parameter of electric wiring change, make the unexpected increase of transmitted electric current or reduce, and therefore producing very large voltage drop or leakage current on line resistance, contact resistance and insulation resistance.And the generation of electrical fire generally has two kinds of situations: the one, because some tie point place contact resistance of circuit increases, even if when the electric current also in ratings passes through this resistance, also can produce local high heat, peripheral insulating material or fire goods ignite; The 2nd, because of line insulation, damage, cause resistance decreasing between electric wiring and the earth, even short circuit, produce the large electric current of Local Instantaneous, and then make conductor temp .-elevating and the combustible that ignites.
Therefore for avoiding fire, be necessary that at any time the hot stall that supply line and equipment place current break are caused is monitored, and make the disaster hidden-trouble early warning according to testing result.Traditional electric fire disaster warning system, all to adopt the zero sequence current mutual inductor detection method, while by detection three-phase or biphase current, passing through zero-sequence transformer, the size of the residual current of its secondary side induction is judged the electric leakage situation of line insulation resistance and insulation damages. and then judge whether to send fire alarm.The detection method of this employing zero sequence current mutual inductor can only be for above-mentioned the second situation, and the leakage current produced because of the decline of line insulation resistance is detected.But passed through three-phase or the two-phase circuit of zero sequence current mutual inductor, the reason of out-of-balance current occurred except producing leakage current because line insulation resistance descends, also had due to each phase load imbalance of three characteristics of the middle term circuit.In the unbalanced situation of threephase load, can induce zero-sequence current equally at the zero sequence current mutual inductor secondary side, in electric power system, the threephase load imbalance is ubiquitous phenomenon.How distinguishing the zero-sequence current produced at the zero sequence current mutual inductor secondary side is to descend because of insulation resistance, or produce because threephase load is uneven, this is the defect of utilizing the electric fire disaster warning system of zero sequence current mutual inductor detection method, and therefore defect and cause erroneous judgement usually.
In addition, adopt the zero sequence current mutual inductor detection method, can not contact resistance and the line resistance of electric wiring be detected, thereby also can't be for above-mentioned the first situation.In above-mentioned the first situation, the contact resistance of electric wiring tie point is also fully in runaway condition, and this out of control exactly, in the origin cause of formation of electrical fire, the case caused because of the heating of electrical equipment contact point has accounted for very large proportion.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, and it can realize effective monitoring to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance in network system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, comprise fire alarm control center and distribution network, described fire alarm control center disposes data analysis and storer and hotspot's distribution and image display, described distribution network arranges the multi-channel field measuring instrument, this multi-channel field measuring instrument transfers to the fire alarm subsystem by field data, fire alarm subsystem and data analysis and storer, hotspot's distribution and image display data network communications.Detect power transmission line resistance, the contact resistance of each connection point and the leakage resistance between each circuit and ground of each supply line in described distribution network, the power transmission line resistance of surveying, contact resistance and leakage resistance data are uploaded to the fire alarm subsystem by the multi-channel field measuring instrument.
Above-mentioned fire alarm control center adopts existing grid monitoring system to get final product, be generally the alert status of display monitoring point directly perceived, it converts the forms such as image to by computer software, data analysis and storer are as the historical data storage medium, hotspot's distribution and image display are generally large-sized aobvious screen etc., facilitate the commanding to organize common investigation.Electrical network for upper scale, the power supply branch road is as many as hundred, often need the fire alarm subsystem of dividing by zone to monitor step by step, the fire alarm subsystem equally has control desk etc. with fire alarm control center, and by the multi-channel field measuring instrument receive from the bottom detected parameters, and the data after processing are uploaded to concentrated long-range fire alarm control center by the data transmission network layer, for convenience of transmission and assurance reliability, the data transmission network layer can be internet or Ethernet etc.
The electrical quantity that native system is monitored early warning system has more in the past proposed the monitoring to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance, and in conjunction with conventional monitoring parameter---electric current, voltage, power factor (PF) etc. can accurately calculate the heating situation of circuit, and the distribution situation of each resistance parameter of electrical power distribution network, the monitor staff makes whether sending the disaster hidden-trouble early warning accordingly, and the decision of whether carrying out the plant maintenance maintenance.Monitored by the electrical quantity to out of control for a long time, avoided in the past, to the failing to judge and misjudging of early warning information, making the validity of monitoring and the accuracy to be broken through.
Normally, described distribution network comprises the power distribution cabinet of built-in central processing unit, and how recording power transmission line resistance and contact resistance is of the present invention one large key.As shown in the figure, the current/voltage detection reference is set and in the output cable ends, the voltage detecting distal point is set at the output cable beginning of power distribution cabinet, distribution subsection setup current/voltage check point according to apparatus of load between current/voltage detection reference and voltage detecting distal point, the detected value of described current/voltage detection reference, voltage detecting distal point and each current/voltage check point transfers to the central processing unit of power distribution cabinet, and this central processing unit computing obtains power transmission line resistance and contact resistance data.
Concrete, the two-way load under a power distribution cabinet of take is example, and what use is segmentation pressure differential detection method, and its main points are: the voltage at each important node place of segmentation detection line, and measure the current value that flows through each section simultaneously.Its specific practice is, by electric wiring take the power supply branch road be unit, press current trend, according to apparatus of load distribution situation and actual needs, be divided into two sections, except current/voltage detection reference, voltage detecting distal point arrange two check points, i.e. current/voltage first check point of corresponding the first load and current/voltage first check point of corresponding the second load, then carry out the electric current and voltage detection to these 2 respectively.
Electric current in power supply buses, adopt prior art to obtain and get final product; Power transmission line resistance on the transmission of electricity bus, in conjunction with conductive material, sectional area, the data such as length can obtain; Contact resistance is by the voltage of difference testing apparatus electric current inlet side and electric outflow end, obtain pressure drop, check point records the electric current of loaded line, the current and voltage data of current/voltage detection reference can directly read in the existing instrument of power distribution cabinet, in conjunction with the above-mentioned parameter that obtained, according to the pre-designed algorithm routine of Ohm law, the central processing unit follow procedure calculates and obtains contact resistance.Between each point, the data of surveying are transmitted by data transmission cable, and data transmission cable can be CAN bus or other wireless communication mode.
To transmission of electricity bus and device housings or the megger test greatly, described power transmission line is overlapped with isolating transformer, a winding of this isolating transformer is connected with tested phase line, this isolating transformer Secondary Winding is connected between tested power transmission line and ground, described tested power transmission line connects the Secondary Winding of isolating transformer by relay switch, described relay switch is controlled by relay, relay is connected in controller, and the leakage current value that described controller records the isolating transformer Secondary Winding by mutual inductor calculates the leakage resistance between circuit and ground.
A winding of isolating transformer directly is connected with bus, and Secondary Winding one end is connected with tested bus by relay switch, and the other end is with the electrical equipment shell or be connected greatly.When the relay adhesive, apply online one while being independent of interchange (or direct current) voltage of bus, detect the electric current that flows through this Secondary Winding by micro mutual inductor, be insulation leakagel volume leakage stream, and can calculate leakage resistance with this.If the order attracting electric relay, can test respectively three-phase bus insulation against ground resistance (being leakage resistance).Apparently, suitably increase the relay transit point, order is detected more line insulation situation and leakage resistance respectively.
Described controller is PLC processor or single-chip microcomputer, its also can with power distribution cabinet in central processing unit merge, its concrete enforcement belongs to industry technology, repeats no more here.
Fire alarm subsystem in this programme comprises computing machine, between this computing machine and data analysis and storer, hotspot's distribution and image display, is the internet data transmission mode.The electrical quantity that all each points detect and real-time ambient temperature data etc., all be input in the computing machine of fire alarm subsystem, the computing machine of described fire alarm subsystem calculates the heating parameter on institute's survey line road according to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data, finally draw the concrete outcome of reflection field condition.For the testing environment temperature data, described multi-channel field measuring instrument also comprises the thermometric instrument of testing environment temperature.
The accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
The structural representation of the fire early-warning system that Fig. 1 is a kind of on-line monitoring electric wiring of the present invention resistance parameter;
The circuit theory diagrams that Fig. 2 is a kind of testing contact resistance and power transmission line resistance;
Fig. 3 is a kind of circuit theory diagrams of testing leakage resistance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making under the creative work prerequisite the every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, as shown in Figure 1, comprise fire alarm control center 1 and distribution network 7, described fire alarm control center 1 disposes data analysis and storer 2 and hotspot's distribution and image display 3, described distribution network 7 arranges multi-channel field measuring instrument 6, this multi-channel field measuring instrument 6 transfers to fire alarm subsystem 5 by field data, fire alarm subsystem 5 and data analysis and storer 2, hotspot's distribution and image display 3 data network communications.Detect power transmission line resistance, the contact resistance of each connection point and the leakage resistance between each circuit and ground of each supply line in described distribution network 7, the power transmission line resistance of surveying, contact resistance and leakage resistance data are uploaded to fire alarm subsystem 5 by multi-channel field measuring instrument 6.
Above-mentioned fire alarm control center 1 adopts existing grid monitoring system to get final product, be generally the alert status of display monitoring point directly perceived, it converts the forms such as image to by computer software, data analysis and storer 2 are as the historical data storage medium, hotspot's distribution and image display 3 are generally large-sized aobvious screen etc., facilitate the commanding to organize common investigation.Electrical network for upper scale, the power supply branch road is as many as hundred, often need the fire alarm subsystem 5 of dividing by zone to monitor step by step, fire alarm subsystem 5 equally has control desk etc. with fire alarm control center 1, and by multi-channel field measuring instrument 6 receive from the bottom detected parameters, and the data after processing are uploaded to concentrated long-range fire alarm control center 1 by data transmission network layer 4, for convenience of transmission and assurance reliability, data transmission network layer 4 can be internet or Ethernet etc.
The electrical quantity that native system is monitored early warning system has more in the past proposed the monitoring to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance, and in conjunction with conventional monitoring parameter---electric current, voltage, power factor (PF) etc. can accurately calculate the heating situation of circuit, and the distribution situation of each resistance parameter of electrical power distribution network, the monitor staff makes whether sending the disaster hidden-trouble early warning accordingly, and the decision of whether carrying out the plant maintenance maintenance.Monitored by the electrical quantity to out of control for a long time, avoided in the past the failing to judge and misjudging of early warning information, but made the validity accuracy of monitoring to be broken through.
Normally, described distribution network 7 comprises the power distribution cabinet 71 of built-in central processing unit, and how recording power transmission line resistance and contact resistance is of the present invention one large key.As shown in Figure 2, current/voltage detection reference 7 is set and in the output cable ends, voltage detecting distal point 73 is set at the output cable beginning of power distribution cabinet 71, distribution subsection setup current/voltage check point according to current/voltage detection reference 7 and 73 apparatus of load of voltage detecting distal point, the detected value of described current/voltage detection reference 72, voltage detecting distal point 73 and each current/voltage check point transfers to the central processing unit of power distribution cabinet 71, and this central processing unit computing obtains power transmission line resistance and contact resistance data.
Concrete, the 71 times two-way loads of a power distribution cabinet of take are example, see Fig. 2, what use is segmentation pressure differential detection method, its main points are: the voltage at each important node place of segmentation detection line, and measure the current value flow through each section simultaneously, its specific practice is, by electric wiring take the power supply branch road be unit, press current trend, according to apparatus of load distribution situation and actual needs, be divided into two sections, except current/voltage detection reference 72, voltage detecting distal point 73 arranges two check points, be current/voltage first check point 74 of corresponding the first load 77 and current/voltage first check point 75 of corresponding the second load 78, carry out the electric current and voltage detection to these 2 respectively again.For the test of the electric current and voltage on circuit, can adopt non-contact type current, voltage sensor.
In Fig. 2, Ia, Ib, Ic, Ia2, Ib2, Ic2 are the electric current in power supply buses, adopt prior art to obtain and get final product, Ra1～Ra3, Rb1～Rb3, Rc1～Rc3 are the power transmission line resistance on the transmission of electricity bus, in conjunction with conductive material, and sectional area, the data such as length can obtain, R1a, R1b, R1c, R2a, R2b, R2c is the contact resistance between power transmission line and load, check point records current/voltage, I1a, I1b, I1c, I2a, I2b, the electric current that I2c is loaded line, the current and voltage data of current/voltage detection reference 72 can directly read in the existing instrument of power distribution cabinet, in conjunction with check point voltage, can obtain the voltage difference of voltage detecting reference point 72 and current/voltage the first check point 74, in conjunction with the above-mentioned parameter that obtained, according to the pre-designed algorithm routine of Ohm law, the central processing unit follow procedure calculates and obtains contact resistance R1a, R1b, R1c, R2a, R2b, R2c in like manner.Between each point the data of surveying by data transmission cable 76 transmission, data transmission cable 76 can be CAN bus or other wireless communication mode.
To transmission of electricity bus and device housings or the megger test greatly, as shown in Figure 3, described power transmission line is overlapped with isolating transformer B, the winding of this isolating transformer B is connected with tested phase line, this isolating transformer B Secondary Winding is connected between tested power transmission line and ground, described tested power transmission line connects the Secondary Winding of isolating transformer B by relay switch K1～K3, described relay switch K1～K3 is controlled by relay J 1～J3, relay J 1～J3 is connected in controller 710, described controller 710 records the leakage current value Ika of isolating transformer B Secondary Winding～Ikc by mutual inductor T and calculates the leakage resistance Rka～Rkc between circuit and ground.
Figure 3 shows that example, it is that feed injects detection method, and the winding of isolating transformer B directly is connected with bus A, B, and Secondary Winding one end passes through relay switch K1～K3 and is connected with tested bus, and the other end is with the electrical equipment shell or be connected greatly.When relay J 1 or J2 or J3 adhesive, apply online one while being independent of interchange (or direct current) voltage of bus, detect the electric current that flows through this Secondary Winding by micro mutual inductor T, be insulation leakagel volume leakage stream Ika～Ikc, and can calculate leakage resistance Rka～Rkc with this.If order attracting electric relay J1～J3, can test respectively three-phase bus insulation against ground resistance (being leakage resistance).Apparently, suitably increase the relay transit point, order is detected more line insulation situation and leakage resistance respectively.
Controller described in Fig. 3 710 is PLC processor or single-chip microcomputer, its also can with power distribution cabinet in central processing unit merge into same PLC processor or single-chip microcomputer, under the circuit abnormal conditions, can control the transmission of electricity break-make on abnormal wire road, its concrete enforcement belongs to industry technology, repeats no more here.
Fire alarm subsystem 5 in this programme comprises computing machine, and this computing machine and data analysis and storer 2, hotspot's distribution and 3 of image displays are the internet data transmission mode.Fire alarm subsystem 5 can be controlled the break-make of supply line, also can carry out the control electricity instruction of fire alarm control center 1.The electrical quantity that all each points detect and real-time ambient temperature data etc., all be input in the computing machine of fire alarm subsystem 5, the computing machine of described fire alarm subsystem 5 calculates the heating parameter on institute's survey line road according to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data, finally draw the concrete outcome of reflection field condition.For the testing environment temperature data, described multi-channel field measuring instrument 6 also comprises the thermometric instrument of testing environment temperature.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the fire early-warning system of an on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter, comprise fire alarm control center (1) and distribution network (7), described fire alarm control center (1) disposes data analysis and storer (2) and hotspot's distribution and image display (3), described distribution network (7) arranges multi-channel field measuring instrument (6), this multi-channel field measuring instrument (6) transfers to fire alarm subsystem (5) by field data, fire alarm subsystem (5) and data analysis and storer (2), hotspot's distribution and image display (3) data network communications, it is characterized in that: the power transmission line resistance that detects each supply line in described distribution network (7), leakage resistance between the contact resistance of each connection point and each circuit and ground, the power transmission line resistance of surveying, contact resistance and leakage resistance data are uploaded to fire alarm subsystem (5) by multi-channel field measuring instrument (6).
2. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described distribution network (7) comprises the power distribution cabinet (71) of built-in central processing unit, the output cable beginning of this power distribution cabinet (71) arranges current/voltage detection reference (7) and in the output cable ends, voltage detecting distal point (73) is set, distribution subsection setup current/voltage check point according to apparatus of load between current/voltage detection reference (7) and voltage detecting distal point (73), described current/voltage detection reference (7), the detected value of voltage detecting distal point (73) and each current/voltage check point transfers to the central processing unit of power distribution cabinet (71), this central processing unit computing obtains power transmission line resistance and contact resistance data.
3. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the built-in central processing unit of described power distribution cabinet (71) is the PLC processor, and described current/voltage check point comprises non-contact type current, voltage sensor.
4. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power transmission line is overlapped with isolating transformer, a winding of this isolating transformer is connected with tested phase line, this isolating transformer Secondary Winding is connected between tested power transmission line and ground, described tested power transmission line connects the Secondary Winding of isolating transformer by relay switch, the controlled controller (710) that is connected in of described relay switch, the leakage current value that described controller (710) records the isolating transformer Secondary Winding by mutual inductor calculates the leakage resistance between circuit and ground.
5. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described controller (710) is the PLC processor.
6. the fire early-warning system of on-line monitoring electric wiring resistance parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fire alarm subsystem (5) comprises computing machine, between this computing machine and data analysis and storer (2), hotspot's distribution and image display (3), is the internet data transmission mode.
7. according to the fire early-warning system of the described on-line monitoring electric wiring of any one in claim 1 to 6 resistance parameter, it is characterized in that: described multi-channel field measuring instrument (6) also comprises the thermometric instrument of testing environment temperature, and the computing machine of described fire alarm subsystem (5) calculates the heating parameter on institute's survey line road according to power transmission line resistance, contact resistance and leakage resistance data.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104537789A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 凯明威(天津)电气设备科技有限公司 | Electrical fire monitoring and detecting device with fire smoke detection and alarm function |
| CN106304436A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 四川大学 | A kind of from ice-melt conductor and ice-melting device thereof |
| CN108982947A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-11 | 重庆祥泰电气有限公司 | Electric wiring with subsidiary function and electric parameter measurement method |
| CN109856509A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-06-07 | 西安华瑞网电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of online prevention and control device of three phase isolated formula electrical fire and method of effective grounding |
| TWI769674B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-01 | 中興保全科技股份有限公司 | Monitoring device for sensing wire conduction and wire condition |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104537789A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 凯明威(天津)电气设备科技有限公司 | Electrical fire monitoring and detecting device with fire smoke detection and alarm function |
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| CN109856509A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-06-07 | 西安华瑞网电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of online prevention and control device of three phase isolated formula electrical fire and method of effective grounding |
| CN109856509B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-08-17 | 西安华瑞网电科技股份有限公司 | Effectively-grounded three-phase insulation type electric fire online prevention and control device and method |
| TWI769674B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-01 | 中興保全科技股份有限公司 | Monitoring device for sensing wire conduction and wire condition |
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Effective date of registration: 20160503 Address after: Feng Qi Zhen Caijiaying road 400707 Chongqing city Beibei District No. 7 Patentee after: Xiangtai Electric Co., Ltd. Address before: 400000 Chongqing city Yuzhong District Spring Sen Road No. 6 8-7 Patentee before: Hu Henghua |