CN103486608A - Energy saving control method and energy saving system for boiler automatic combustion - Google Patents
Energy saving control method and energy saving system for boiler automatic combustion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy saving control method and energy saving system for boiler automatic combustion. The energy saving control method and energy saving system for the boiler automatic combustion are used for a heating supply system. The control method comprises the first step that the flue gas oxygen content of the boiler of the heating supply system is detected, the second step that whether the detected flue gas oxygen content is within a setting range or not is judged, and the third step that if the detected flue gas oxygen content is not within the setting range, the blast volume of an air blower or the coal supply amount of a coal feeder of the heating supply system is controlled until the detecting value of the fuel gas oxygen content is within the setting range. According to the energy saving control method and energy saving system, the blast volume meets the requirement for the sufficient burning of fuel, the reduction of the temperature of a hearth cannot be caused by too many blast volumes, and therefore the boiler has the highest heat efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat supply process, and be particularly related to a kind of automation of the boiler for heating system combustion energy saving control method and a kind of boiler automation combustion energy saving system.
Background technology
The tradition heating industry, grope heat supply by rule of thumb, and in industry, the operating information of neither one standard, see a day heat supply, do not quantize heat supply.Usually say " it heat is few burns a bit ", is this " a bit " how many? there is no talkative clear of which family's heating enterprise.It cold burns a bit more, be this " a bit " how many again? there is no equally talkative clear of which family's heating enterprise.All the other are as " almost ", " slightly high point " and extensive expression such as " carefully burning ", the demand that can not make heating enterprise be improved the thermal efficiency and reduce energy waste, reduce costs.And above-mentioned extensive control technology causes energy waste, can not get for many years basic solution.
Tradition heating industry control technology causes boiler operating efficiency low, and the actual motion boiler efficiency only has 65% left and right, and 30% fire coal wastes.Wherein, for the control of the coal-burning boiler blow rate required and oxygen content, be a key factor that affects boiler thermal output.
Existing heating system, its heat energy is mainly derived from coal-burning boiler.Coal-burning boiler need to come by air blast combustion-supporting.In actual motion, when the blow rate required is greater than burning while needing the oxygen amount, unnecessary air smoke evacuation can be taken away heat; And being less than burning while needing oxygen when the blow rate required, coal can not fully burn, and causes the slag carbon content to exceed standard; Therefore, for solving above contradiction, when oxygen content is high in boiler, need to reduce the blow rate required, optimize the blow rate required, meet the full combustion of fuel oxygen demand, reach abundant burning, so that boiler obtains the highest thermal efficiency.When oxygen content sets value lower than it, need to increase the blow rate required, optimize the blow rate required, meet the full combustion of fuel oxygen demand, reach abundant burning, so that boiler obtains the highest thermal efficiency.Yet, there do not is a kind of accuracy control method to the above-mentioned blow rate required and oxygen content in prior art yet, only can lean on operating personnel's experience to be controlled.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of boiler automation combustion energy saving control method, to realize the accurate control to the coal-burning boiler blow rate required and oxygen content, improve the coal-burning boiler thermal efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of boiler automation combustion energy saving system.
Boiler automation combustion energy saving control method of the present invention comprises:
A kind of boiler automation combustion energy saving control method, for heating system, this control method comprises:
Step S1: the flue gas oxygen content that detects the boiler of described heating system;
Step S2; Whether the described flue gas oxygen content that detects of judgement is in a setting range;
Step S3: as detect as described in flue gas oxygen content not as described in setting range, control the blow rate required of air blast of described heating system and/or the coal-supplying amount of feeder, until the detected value of described flue gas oxygen content is in described setting range.
A kind of boiler automation combustion energy saving system, for heating system, this energy conserving system comprises:
Data passback module, comprise a detector, detects the flue gas oxygen content of the boiler of described heating system;
Computing module, receive the described flue gas oxygen content that described data passback module detects, and whether the described flue gas oxygen content that judgement detects is in a setting range;
The instruction generation module, receive the judged result of described computing module, as detect as described in flue gas oxygen content not as described in setting range, generate the coal-supplying amount of the blow rate required of the air blast of controlling described heating system and/or feeder so that the dispatch command of the detected value of described flue gas oxygen content in described setting range.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the invention solves the technical problem that in the coal-burning boiler of heating system of prior art, the blow rate required and oxygen content can't accurately be controlled, by flue gas oxygen content is set and is detected, when in the coal-burning boiler detected, flue gas oxygen content is higher than capping, by controlling air blast, suitably reduce the blow rate required, meet the full combustion of fuel oxygen demand, reach abundant burning, make coal-burning boiler obtain the highest thermal efficiency.And, when flue gas oxygen content sets value lower than it, suitably increase the blow rate required, and meet the full combustion of fuel oxygen demand, reach abundant burning, make boiler obtain the highest thermal efficiency.
The present invention makes the blow rate required both meet the needs of full combustion of fuel, again not because air quantity too much reduces fire box temperature, thereby obtains the highest thermal efficiency.By implementing control method of the present invention, the coal-burning boiler thermal efficiency can bring up to 80%, boiler thermal output raising 15%-20% left and right from 65%.Simultaneously, by implementing control method of the present invention, can improve pipe network operation efficiency, pipe network operation efficiency brings up to 84% from 64%, improves 20% left and right.
Simultaneously, the computing module in control device of the present invention, replaced artificial a large amount of troublesome calculation, can solve the heating industry administrative staff very different, office worker's lacks moral fiber problem, without troublesome calculation, directly input operation interface, obtain service data, alleviates greatly office worker's working strength.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram of the boiler automation combustion energy saving control method that Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention;
The modular structure schematic diagram of the boiler automation combustion energy saving system that Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The exemplary embodiments that embodies feature & benefits of the present invention will describe in detail in the following description.Be understood that the present invention can have various variations on different embodiment, its neither departing from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and to be shown in be when the use that explain in essence, but not in order to limit the present invention.
Term in this specification is described below:
1, Coal-fired capacity: boiler per hour consumes coal-fired quantity, unit: the ton/hour (T/h), generally, the 100T boiler per hour coal consumption 13 tons of left and right.
2, boiler thermal output: COP (Coefficient Of Performance), i.e. boiler operatiopn institute's consumed energy and the conversion ratio between heat that produces, be called for short heating energy efficiency ratio.
3, standard coal: also claim coal equivalent, there is unified calorific value standard.The calorific value of every kilogram of standard coal of China's regulation is 7000 kilocalories.The energy of different cultivars, different content is converted into to the standard coal that every kilogram of calorific value is 7000 kilocalories by different separately calorific values.1kg standard coal heating=7000cal(kilocalorie)=7000 ÷ 861 kilocalories/KW=8.13KW.
4, flue gas residual oxygen analytical instrument: claiming again the zirconia residual oxygen analytical instrument, for detection of also analyzing the central oxygen content of smoke evacuation, is also flue gas oxygen content.The zirconia residual oxygen analytical instrument both can on-the-spotly show and also data can be returned data.The zirconia residual oxygen analytical instrument is arranged in exhaust gases passes, specifically at boiler tail in the exhaust gases passes between air preheater, if be not provided with air preheater, be arranged in the exhaust gases passes between boiler tail and deduster.Oxygen content of smoke gas 6-8% belongs to normal range (NR), lower than 6-8%, strengthens the blow rate required; Reduce the blow rate required higher than 6-8%, and further, flue gas oxygen content is controlled in 5.8-6.8%, the thermal efficiency of coal-burning boiler is higher.
The hardware of control system of the present invention includes but not limited to: EPA, and computer system, broadband, router, wireless senser, the Large Volume Data storehouse, the steam generator system measuring point, the PM592 controller, adopt the Ethernet of which kind of performance to depend on user's needs.General compatibility allows user's seamless upgrade to new technology.Accessible EPA private network, realize the two transmission of control instruction transmission and control chart picture.Broadband can meet various media that people's sense organ can experience in the needed bandwidth of transmission over networks.FCC(Federal Communications Commission full name US Federal Communication Committee) within 2010, within 07 month 24 days, be that " broadband " this word has descended a definition, FCC thinks that broadband means that downloading rate is 4Mbps, upper behavior 1Mbps, can realize the multimedia application such as video, and keep basic web browsing and E-Mail characteristic simultaneously.This control system is fieldbus networks, for connecting I/O substation and master controller.System operation level network is for connecting main control station and operator workstation and other control room equipment as printer etc.Fieldbus networks adopts the Modubus bus, and speed is 12M.Operation level and managerial grid adopt Ethernet Ethernet to connect, and are easy to use and expand, and speed is the 10/100M self adaptation.
Before introducing the concrete control method of the present invention, first introduce the theoretical foundation that coal-fired automation burning is controlled:
At first, the chemical composition of coal comprises: moisture: 9-20%, and average 14.5%, combustion zone heat composition, belong to volatile fraction; Volatile matter: 13-21%, average 17%, combustion heating amount composition, belong to the heating composition; Ash content: 11-21%, average 15.5%, the hot composition of combustion zone, belong to standing part; Fixed carbon: 43-57%, average 50%, the combustion heating composition, belong to heating part.Sulphur and nitrogen oxide: 2-4%, average 3%, the combustion parts heating, belong to heating part.The heating active ingredient of coal: volatile matter 17%, fixed carbon 50% and sulphur and nitrogen oxide 3%, the three adds up to 70%.
The main combustible element of coal is carbon (C), when the pure carbon completing combustion of 1kg generates CO2: emit the 32860kJ(kilojoule you) heat=7861.24cal(card); And the pure carbon imperfect combustion of 1kg is while generating CO: emit the 9268kJ(kilojoule you) heat=2217.22cal(card), calculate burning heat release ratio when coal combustion generates CO and CO2: the 2217.22cal(card)/7861.24cal(card)=28.2% with the heat ratio.
Therefore, burning 1KG coal needs the empirical data of oxygen (phosphorus content is calculated by 50%): (1.96KG:1 cubic metres of air quality is 1.293kg * 7 cubic metre=9.051kg to the oxygen in 1KG coal needs 7 cubic metres of air of burning, in 1 cubic metres of air, oxygen quality is 1331.058 grams * 21%=0.2795kg, and the completing combustion of 0.5kg carbon needs 0.2795kg * 7=1.96KG oxygen.And molecular weight data: burning 1KG coal needs 1.33KG oxygen, carbon, oxygen mass ratio are that 3:8 generates carbon dioxide (accurately), 1KG coal (phosphorus content is pressed 0.5KG carbon and calculated), completing combustion needs oxygen 0.5 * 8 ÷ 3=1.33KG, molecular weight O=16, C=12, (C02=12+16 * 2=44 coefficient: 44 ÷ 12=3.667); 3/8=0.5/O; O=1.33kg.
From the above: theory and practice differs: 1.96kg-1.33kg=0.63kg.Experience is moved 32% unnecessary oxygen and is blasted burner hearth (that is: 0.63kg ÷ 1.96KG=32.1%) like this.Cause smoke evacuation to take away amount of heat, boiler efficiency descends, and the automation burning addresses this problem, and is to improve the boiler efficiency optimal path.
And general heat balance equation is: Q r=Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4+Q5+Q6, k J/kg, in formula: Qr – boiler input heat, the heat that Q1 – boiler effectively utilizes; Q2 – heat loss due to exhaust gas; Q3 – fuel gas heat loss due to incomplete combustion; Q4 – heat loss of imperfect solid combustion; The radiation loss of Q5 – boiler; Other heat loss of Q6-.Hence one can see that, coal-fired active combustion exothermic ingredient, only have 70%(70% active combustion exothermic ingredient), with 70% thermal efficiency boiler combustion (the active combustion exothermic ingredient only has 49%), boiler is done useful work like this carbon and volatile matter, sulphur, oxynitrides only have 49%.
When the blow rate required is greater than burning while needing oxygen, take away heat more than the air smoke evacuation, when the blow rate required is less than burning and needs oxygen, coal can not fully burn, and causes the slag carbon content to exceed standard.
As shown in Figure 1, control method of the present invention, solve above contradiction, at first be to detect flue gas oxygen content with flue gas residual oxygen analytical instrument (zirconia oxygen analyser), when the flue gas oxygen content oxygen content suitably reduces the blow rate required in limited time higher than the upper of its setting range, meet the full combustion of fuel oxygen demand, reach abundant burning, boiler obtains the highest thermal efficiency.
Otherwise, when flue gas oxygen content suitably increases the blow rate required in limited time lower than the lower of its setting range, optimize the blow rate required, meet the full combustion of fuel oxygen demand, reach abundant burning, boiler obtains the highest thermal efficiency.Since the target of optimizing is to make the blow rate required meet the needs of full combustion of fuel, again not because air quantity too much reduces fire box temperature, thereby obtain the highest thermal efficiency.
Above-mentioned oxygen content of smoke gas setting range, be for example 5.8-8%, 5.8-6.8% preferably,
Why choose above-mentioned setting range, can be supported by the test data of following table 1.
Table 1
| Flue gas oxygen content | Boiler speed | Boiler efficiency | % is compared in the efficiency conversion |
| 5.72% | 60.46% | 26.10MW | 26.10MW÷60.46%=43.17 |
| 5.77% | 59.42% | 26.36MW | 26.36MW÷59.42%=44.36 |
| 5.79% | 60.46% | 26.10MW | 26.10MW÷60.46%=43.16 |
| 5.98% | 58.92% | 26.03MW | 26.03MW÷58.92%=44.17 |
| 6.23% | 58.58% | 26.09MW | 26.09MW÷58.58%=44.53 |
| 6.34% | 58.20% | 25.82MW | 25.82MW÷58.20%=44.36 |
| 6.58% | 58.10% | 25.32MW | 25.32MW÷58.10%=43.58 |
| 6.8% | 58.20% | 26.09MW | 26.09MW÷58.20%=44.82 |
| 7.01% | 61.94% | 4.01MW | 24.01MW÷61.94%=38.76 |
| 7.59% | 55.72% | 24.67MW | 24.67MW÷55.72%=44.27 |
| 7.73% | 65.24% | 24.71MW | 24.71MW÷65.24%=37.87 |
| 7.99% | 67.02% | 23.36MW | 23.36MW÷67.02%=34.85 |
As shown in table 1, oxygen content of smoke gas 5.8-6.8% belongs to efficiency and transforms the highest scope.
As shown in Figure 2, the control system of the embodiment of the present invention comprises data passback module, computing module, instruction generation module, master data input module and device data input module.
Wherein, data passbacks module, comprise a detector, for detection of the flue gas oxygen content of the boiler of heating system, and data returned to computing module.
And computing module receives the described flue gas oxygen content that described data passback module detects, whether the described flue gas oxygen content that judgement detects in a setting range, sends result of calculation to the instruction generation module.
The instruction generation module, receive the judged result of computing module, as detect as described in flue gas oxygen content not as described in setting range, also be greater than the upper limit of setting range or be less than the lower limit of setting range, generate dispatch command, with the blow rate required of the air blast of controlling described heating system and/or the coal-supplying amount of feeder, so that the detected value of described flue gas oxygen content is in described setting range.
The master data input module, for inputting the master data of master data, master data comprises but is not limited to the per hour data such as coal consumption of the carbon content of boiler fired coal, coal-fired caloric value and boiler.
And the device data input module, for the input equipment data, device data comprises but is not limited to blower efficiency and the air blast hour blow rate required.
Further, the instruction generation module comprises initial schedule instruction generation unit and adjusts the dispatch command generation unit; After described master data and device data input, through described computing module, calculate, the initial schedule instruction generation unit of described instruction generation module generates the adjustment dispatch command of fire grate initial launch speed and the initial blow rate required, when the flue gas oxygen content detected is not in described setting range, the adjustment dispatch command generation unit of described instruction generation module generates the adjustment dispatch command of adjusting the fire grate speed of service and the blow rate required.
Above-mentioned tune weighing apparatus dispatch command, can be both only to the adjustment of coal-supplying amount, can be also only to the adjustment of the blow rate required, but also can adjust coal-supplying amount and the blow rate required simultaneously.But control method of the present invention, preferential is the adjustment to the blow rate required.
When carrying out above-mentioned adjustment dispatch command, can transmit dispatch command to feeder or air blast by wideband transmit, air blast and feeder all have frequency converter, frequency (hertz number) by controlling frequency converter is to increase or to reduce coal-supplying amount and the blow rate required, at described flue gas oxygen content higher than 6.8% the time, reduce the blow rate required and/or increase coal-supplying amount, at described flue gas oxygen content, lower than 5.8% the time, increase the blow rate required and/or reduce coal-supplying amount.
Wherein, the data upstream device need utilize the network equipment to realize, the network equipment can comprise router, data transmission set etc., for the data that detector is detected, sends it back in time the computing module in control centre.Data transmission set can adopt wired or wireless mode.
It is poor that the present invention solves traditional heating industry combustion control technology, cause the control bottleneck that boiler operating efficiency is low, (the conventional boiler operational efficiency only has 65% left and right, 30% fire coal wastes), this patent solves when the blow rate required is greater than and burns while needing oxygen, take away the disadvantage of heat more than the air smoke evacuation, this patent solves when the blow rate required is less than and burns while needing oxygen, lack of air, coal can not fully burn, the disadvantage that the slag carbon content exceeds standard, this patent has thoroughly solved the misery that perplexs for many years heating industry, for improving boiler efficiency, environmental contamination reduction, save the energy and make very large contribution!
Those skilled in the art should recognize in the situation that do not break away from change and the retouching that scope and spirit of the present invention that the appended claim of the present invention discloses are done, within all belonging to the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a boiler automation combustion energy saving control method, for heating system, is characterized in that, this control method comprises:
Step S1: the flue gas oxygen content that detects the boiler of described heating system;
Step S2; Whether the described flue gas oxygen content that detects of judgement is in a setting range;
Step S3: as detect as described in flue gas oxygen content not as described in setting range, control system is adjusted the blow rate required of air blast of described heating system and/or the coal-supplying amount of feeder, until the detected value of described flue gas oxygen content is in described setting range.
2. boiler automation combustion energy saving control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described setting range is 5.8%-8%.
3. boiler automation combustion energy saving control method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described setting range is 5.8-6.8%.
4. boiler automation combustion energy saving control method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, air blast and feeder all have frequency converter, frequency by controlling frequency converter is to increase or to reduce coal-supplying amount and the blow rate required, at described flue gas oxygen content higher than 6.8% the time, reduce the blow rate required and/or increase coal-supplying amount, at described flue gas oxygen content, lower than 5.8% the time, increase the blow rate required and/or reduce coal-supplying amount.
5. boiler automation combustion energy saving control method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise input master data and device data before step S1, through calculating, generate the step of fire grate initial launch speed and the initial blow rate required, described master data comprises per hour coal consumption of the carbon content of boiler fired coal, coal-fired caloric value and boiler, and described device data comprises blower efficiency and the air blast hour blow rate required.
6. a boiler automation combustion energy saving system, for heating system, is characterized in that, this energy conserving system comprises:
Data passback module, comprise a detector, detects the flue gas oxygen content of the boiler of described heating system;
Computing module, receive the described flue gas oxygen content that described data passback module detects, and whether the described flue gas oxygen content that judgement detects is in a setting range;
The instruction generation module, receive the judged result of described computing module, as detect as described in flue gas oxygen content not as described in setting range, generate the coal-supplying amount of the blow rate required of the air blast of controlling described heating system and/or feeder so that the dispatch command of the detected value of described flue gas oxygen content in described setting range.
7. boiler automation combustion energy saving system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described setting range is 5.8-6.8%.
8. boiler automation combustion energy saving system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described detector is the zirconia residual oxygen analytical instrument.
9. boiler automation combustion energy saving system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, air blast and feeder all have frequency converter, the frequency of the dispatch command that described instruction generation module generates by controlling frequency converter is to increase or to reduce coal-supplying amount and the blow rate required, at described flue gas oxygen content higher than 6.8% the time, reduce the blow rate required and/or increase coal-supplying amount, at described flue gas oxygen content, lower than 5.8% the time, increase the blow rate required and/or reduce coal-supplying amount.
10. according to the arbitrary described boiler automation combustion energy saving system of claim 6-9, it is characterized in that, also comprise master data input module for inputting master data and, for the device data input module of input equipment data, described instruction generation module comprises initial schedule instruction generation unit and adjusts the dispatch command generation unit;
Described master data comprises the carbon content of boiler fired coal, coal-fired caloric value and boiler be coal consumption per hour, described device data comprises blower efficiency and the air blast hour blow rate required, after described master data and device data input, through described computing module, calculate, the initial schedule instruction generation unit of described instruction generation module generates the adjustment dispatch command of fire grate initial launch speed and the initial blow rate required, when the flue gas oxygen content detected is not in described setting range, the adjustment dispatch command generation unit of described instruction generation module generates the adjustment dispatch command of adjusting the fire grate speed of service and the blow rate required.
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| CN201610084575.5A CN105716105B (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2013-10-10 | High efficiency boiler rate combustion energy saving control method and energy conserving system |
| CN201310470243.7A CN103486608A (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2013-10-10 | Energy saving control method and energy saving system for boiler automatic combustion |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104676638A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-06-03 | 冉启发 | Method of controlling low-nitrogen combustion damper in load-down process of boiler |
| CN104848251A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-19 | 华电能源股份有限公司哈尔滨第三发电厂 | Oxygen content control system of coal-fired boiler |
| CN105465822A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-06 | 深圳粤通新能源环保技术有限公司 | Boiler automatic control system and method |
| CN108456593A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-08-28 | 福建鑫绿林产品开发有限公司 | A kind of fir essential oil production fuel adding method |
| CN110500595A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-26 | 光大常高新环保能源(常州)有限公司 | A method of suitable for Martin furnace waste incineration air distribution |
| CN110848733A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-02-28 | 南京科远智慧科技集团股份有限公司 | Combustion optimization method based on coal quality on-line monitoring |
| CN112279326A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-29 | 洛阳强龙实业有限公司 | Online water quality monitoring and dosing control system |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104676638A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-06-03 | 冉启发 | Method of controlling low-nitrogen combustion damper in load-down process of boiler |
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| CN104848251A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-19 | 华电能源股份有限公司哈尔滨第三发电厂 | Oxygen content control system of coal-fired boiler |
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| CN108456593A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-08-28 | 福建鑫绿林产品开发有限公司 | A kind of fir essential oil production fuel adding method |
| CN110500595A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-26 | 光大常高新环保能源(常州)有限公司 | A method of suitable for Martin furnace waste incineration air distribution |
| CN110848733A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-02-28 | 南京科远智慧科技集团股份有限公司 | Combustion optimization method based on coal quality on-line monitoring |
| CN112279326A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-29 | 洛阳强龙实业有限公司 | Online water quality monitoring and dosing control system |
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Application publication date: 20140101 |