CN103471953A - Automatic test system and test method for testing surface capillary water absorption of concrete - Google Patents
Automatic test system and test method for testing surface capillary water absorption of concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN103471953A CN103471953A CN2013104413969A CN201310441396A CN103471953A CN 103471953 A CN103471953 A CN 103471953A CN 2013104413969 A CN2013104413969 A CN 2013104413969A CN 201310441396 A CN201310441396 A CN 201310441396A CN 103471953 A CN103471953 A CN 103471953A
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic test system and test method for testing surface capillary water absorption of concrete, relates to a test system and a test method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the existing test system is impracticable to ensure that the effective depth of a specimen immersed in water is always a small constant value, the water absorption mass of the specimen can not be automatically and continuously measured in real time, accidental errors caused by manual operation and the like exist, the test sensitivity is low and the precision is low. The system comprises a constant-pressure water supply unit, an electronic balance and a specimen water absorption unit. The test method comprises the following steps: 1, emptying liquid in a balanced air inlet pipe; 2, regulating height and water level of the specimen water absorption unit; and 3, acquiring mass data by using a computer. According to the invention, the effective depth of the specimen immersed in water can be ensured to be always a small constant value, real-time automatic continuous measurement can be realized, the accidental errors can be reduced, the test sensitivity is high, and the precision is high. The system and method are used in the fields of experimental study on pore structures and surface capillary water absorption of a concrete material, and physical engineering durability detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test macro and method of testing thereof, particularly concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System and method of testing thereof.
Background technology
The permanance of concrete material is significant for security, the economy of xoncrete structure life cycle management.How correctly to assess, detect the permanance of concrete material, extremely important for the engineering application of concrete material.Concrete permanance and corrosive medium are closely related toward the speed of internal migration by hole, the crackle of material internal.Capillary water absorption rate energy quota portray concrete material under capillary action sucks easy degree or the speed of moisture, and and have clear and definite, strict theory relation between the rate of water diffusion, permeability, be the important indicator of a quantitatively characterizing concrete material permanance quality.Test than indexs such as concrete gas, moisture and chloride permeability rates, surface capillary water absorption rate by measure concrete sample unit area water suction quality over time speed estimate the quality of concrete material mass transfer performance, endurance quality, test philosophy is simple and be particularly suitable for sign and the concrete quality good or not in direct, the closely-related top layer of permanance, in academia and engineering circles widespread use.
The mass change of test specimen in surface and water contact process of surface capillary water absorption rate test request monitoring side seal, often directly calculate by the mass change of hand dipping concrete sample during actual measurement.Now along with the carrying out of surperficial capillary water absorption, in whole measuring process, be difficult to guarantee the degree of depth of concrete sample in being immersed in water constant all the time be a smaller value.Secondly, due to concrete sample density, quality, all large quality that absorbs water is relatively very little, directly also require to dry the free water on test specimen and water surface in contact with wet cloth during the quality of test water suction concrete sample, this makes the measuring accuracy of the quality that absorbs water low and easily be subject to the impact of manually-operated error.In addition, the quality of hand dipping water suction concrete sample must need to spend the regular hour, can not stop timing during test mass and during this hydraulic boundary conditions on concrete sample surface be changed, this whole process that can make the Surface Contact free water and water be sucked to material internal under the effect of REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE power is interfered.Above-mentioned many-sided influence factor makes the measurement result of surperficial capillary water absorption rate may introduce larger error, and is difficult to long-time continuous and is monitored.Sabir propose to adopt underslung electronic balance directly to measure water suction concrete sample mass change in 1998 the capillary water absorption rate that converts, although the manually-operated error that can avoid the manual surface of contact of drying test specimen and water to cause, still can not guarantee during this system testing that it is a smaller value that test specimen is immersed in the degree of depth in water constant all the time.It is constant that Cerny equals within 2006, to propose to adopt the Ma Shi bottle to maintain water level, he is some improvement on the basis of the proving installation of Sabir, but its mass change by density measurement, concrete sample that quality larger the same as device that Sabir carries is calculated the water suction quality, the sensitivity (sensitivity of SEA LEVEL VARIATION to be measured is about 0.5mm) of the very small and traditional Ma Shi bottle of mass change produced due to capillary water absorption can not meet the demands, make the measuring accuracy of concrete capillary water absorption quality be difficult to guarantee, especially unfavorable to testing long-term water suction mass change.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be difficult to guarantee that in order to solve existing surperficial capillary water absorption rate test macro it is a smaller value that concrete sample is immersed in significant depth in water constant all the time, can not carry out in real time the water suction quality of concrete sample, robotization continuous coverage and the problem that accidental error, measurement sensitivity are low, precision is low that exists manual operations etc. to introduce, a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System and method of testing thereof are provided.
A kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System of the present invention, consist of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance and test specimen suction unit, and the constant pressure water-supply unit is communicated with by rising pipe, silica gel hose and water inlet pipe with the test specimen suction unit;
Described constant pressure water-supply unit consists of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle, air communicating pipe, balance draft tube and rising pipe; Described electronic balance is arranged on constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle bottom and is used for measuring the weight of constant pressure water-supply unit; Wherein, air communicating pipe and balance draft tube all are arranged on the upper end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle, the end of air communicating pipe in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle inside is arranged on the upper end near the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle, and the end of balance draft tube in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle inside is arranged on the lower end near the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle; Air communicating pipe top is provided with a gas valve; Balance draft tube top is provided with a gas valve; Balance draft tube bottom is provided with a needle tubing; Rising pipe one end with valve is communicated with constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle bottom portion side end, and the other end is communicated with water inlet pipe by silica gel hose, and described water inlet pipe is communicated with sample closed chamber bottom sides;
Described test specimen suction unit consists of sample closed chamber, water inlet pipe, draining valve, variable valve, L-type water-level gauge and sample support part; Wherein, sample closed chamber top is provided with a level meter, in lower end, is provided with water inlet pipe, in lower end, closed chamber right side, is provided with the L-type water-level gauge, and the L-type water-level gauge other end arranges upward; Upper end, sample closed chamber right side is provided with variable valve; Draining valve is arranged on the bottom of sample closed chamber; Sample closed chamber bottom inside is provided with three contour sample support parts.
The method of testing of a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System of the present invention is as follows:
One, close the valve on rising pipe, toward constant pressure water-supply sealing bottled water to just not flooding the lower end of air communicating pipe; Open gas valve and the gas valve on the balance draft tube good seal constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle on air communicating pipe, the gas valve of closing afterwards air communicating pipe top; Open the valve on rising pipe, the water of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle inside flows out by rising pipe, the water level that water level in the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle edges down, internal cavities air pressure slightly falls and the balance draft tube is interior comparatively fast descends, when its water level drops to the lower end of balance draft tube and gas and starts to enter the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle by the balance draft tube, close the valve on rising pipe, emptying balance air inlet liquid in pipe completes, and constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle internal liquid is in equilibrium state;
Two, with silica gel hose, rising pipe is connected with water inlet pipe, close draining valve, open variable valve, add water to the linked hole that floods water inlet pipe and L shaped water-level gauge and sample closed chamber in the sample closed chamber, require the top 3mm of water flooding sample support part simultaneously, build top cover the good seal of sample closed chamber; Pin is highly regulated in adjustment makes the height change of test specimen air-tight bottle to the needle point level height 10～15mm that makes inner liquid level lower than the balance draft tube, open the valve on rising pipe, water in the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle start to supplement in the sample closed chamber and emptying silica gel hose in the gas that may exist, close variable valve, in the sample closed chamber, water level remains unchanged, and the water level in L shaped water-level gauge continues rise and may overflow; Adjust and highly to regulate pin and make gas no longer by the balance draft tube, enter corresponding balance water level in the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle and in the L shaped water-level gauge top 1mm lower than L shaped water-level gauge, control test specimen suction unit level by level meter simultaneously; Test specimen suction unit height and water level are adjusted complete, and whole system is in the water level balance state; If now from L shaped water-level gauge top, siphon away micro-moisture, gas will enter the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle by the balance draft tube, and make whole system again in equilibrium state;
Three, close the valve on rising pipe, open variable valve, open the upper cover of sample closed chamber, by draining valve, reduce the water level of sample closed chamber and surfaced in the tip of sample support part; The concrete sample of all side seals is placed in to test specimen support member top and does not temporarily contact with water, cover upper cover the good seal of sample closed chamber; Open the valve on rising pipe, water starts in the sample closed chamber, to supplement in the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle, gas enters in the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle by the balance draft tube and the water level in the sample closed chamber raises gradually, when being 3mm, the height that floods test specimen until its water level inside closes variable valve, reach equilibrium state when in the sample closed chamber, in the constant and L shaped water-level gauge of water level, water level continues to rise to from top 1mm, allow computing machine start to gather by the time interval set in advance the qualitative data of constant pressure water-supply unit.Along with the concrete sample water suction, air pressure in the sample closed chamber edges down, water supplements in continuing from the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle to the sample closed chamber, constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle upper gas cavity pressure descends, and outside atmosphere is supplemented and reaches new equilibrium state to the constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle is inner by the balance draft tube.After balance, liquid level in L shaped water-level gauge is constant, the significant depth that corresponding test specimen bottom surface is submerged in water is constant, the quality that test specimen sucks water equals the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality and can be measured by electronic balance, the quality reduction of computer acquisition electronic balance equals the recruitment of concrete sample quality, can calculate the surperficial capillary water absorption rate of concrete sample by the mass change amount.
The present invention comprises following beneficial effect:
1, due between constant pressure water-supply unit and test specimen suction unit, by silica gel hose, be connected, the constant pressure water-supply unit can the L shaped water-level gauge of strict guarantee liquid level constant constant, thereby guarantee that the significant depth that the concrete sample bottom surface is immersed in water is a constant smaller value, strictly meet surperficial capillary water absorption rate and test desired hydraulic boundary conditions, moisture Influence of Evaporation measuring accuracy in the sample closed chamber in the time of can avoiding testing for a long time simultaneously;
The present invention adopts sample closed chamber collocation variable valve, not only can guarantee that it is one than fractional value that the test specimen bottom surface is immersed in significant depth in water constant, moisture Influence of Evaporation measuring accuracy in the sample closed chamber simultaneously in the time of can avoiding testing for a long time, adopt L-type water-level gauge collocation sample closed chamber can significantly promote the sensitivity of test macro, when sample of the present invention absorbs water about 0.5g, the balance draft tube starts tonifying Qi, in corresponding closed chamber, SEA LEVEL VARIATION is about 0.02mm, due to the existence of balance draft tube bottom meniscus the degree of crook of energy self-adaptation adjustment liquid level, actual water suction mass measurement precision is higher, and traditional Ma Shi bottle is about 0.5mm to the sensitivity of SEA LEVEL VARIATION to be measured,
2, due between constant pressure water-supply unit and test specimen suction unit, by silica gel hose, be connected, the moisture that concrete sample absorbs can be in real time, from the constant pressure water-supply unit, supplemented continuously, the water absorbing capacity of concrete sample is constantly equal to the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality, can measure in real time the water absorbing capacity of concrete sample by the reduction of indirect measurement constant pressure water-supply element quality, there is higher measuring accuracy and can meet the test request to various different sizes, different quality concrete sample surface capillary water absorption rate;
3, monitor the water suction quality of concrete sample due to the mass change by indirect measurement constant pressure water-supply unit, can reduce the accidental error of introducing due to factors such as drying by hand concrete sample bottom surface free water, test specimen bottom surface disengaging free water a period of time;
4, indirectly measure the water suction quality of concrete sample due to the mass change that adopts electronic balance to measure the constant pressure water-supply unit, can accomplish real-time, continuous, full-automatic and long tracking measurement, can be for measuring, study mass change and the surperficial capillary water absorption rate thereof of the long-time water absorbent surface of concrete material.The present invention can strictly meet surperficial capillary water absorption rate and test desired concrete sample to be immersed in significant depth in water constant be one than the hydraulic boundary conditions of fractional value, can be in real time, automatically, follow-on test and precision is high, the test findings favorable reproducibility for a long time, test operation is convenient, can be applied to experimental study and the Practical Project permanance detection field of concrete material hole (crackle) structure, surperficial capillary water absorption rate.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is surperficial capillary water absorption rate automatic measuring system structural representation;
Fig. 2 is concrete surface capillary water absorption rate test result figure in embodiment mono-, wherein means measured data,---mean matched curve.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the combination in any between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System of present embodiment consists of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance 2 and test specimen suction unit, and the constant pressure water-supply unit is communicated with by rising pipe 7, silica gel hose 8 and water inlet pipe 9 with the test specimen suction unit;
Described constant pressure water-supply unit consists of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, air communicating pipe 5, balance draft tube 6 and rising pipe 7; Described electronic balance 2 is arranged on constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 bottom and is used for measuring the weight of constant pressure water-supply unit; Wherein, air communicating pipe 5 and balance draft tube 6 all are arranged on the upper end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, the end of air communicating pipe 5 in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside is arranged on the upper end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, and the end of balance draft tube 6 in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside is arranged on the lower end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1; Air communicating pipe 5 tops are provided with a gas valve 14; Balance draft tube 6 tops are provided with a gas valve 15; Balance draft tube 6 bottoms are provided with a needle tubing; Rising pipe 7 one ends with valve 16 are communicated with constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 bottom portion side end, and the other end is communicated with water inlet pipe 9 by silica gel hose 8, and described water inlet pipe 9 is communicated with sample closed chamber 3 bottom sides;
Described test specimen suction unit consists of sample closed chamber 3, water inlet pipe 9, draining valve 10, variable valve 11, L-type water-level gauge 12 and sample support part 13; Wherein, sample closed chamber 3 tops are provided with a level meter 18, are provided with water inlet pipe 9 in lower end, in closed chamber 3 lower ends, right side, are provided with L-type water-level gauge 12, and L-type water-level gauge 12 other ends arrange upward; Sample closed chamber 3 upper ends, right side are provided with variable valve 11; Draining valve 10 is arranged on the bottom of sample closed chamber 3; Sample closed chamber 3 bottom inside are provided with three contour sample support parts 13.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment:
1, due between constant pressure water-supply unit and test specimen suction unit, by silica gel hose, be connected, the constant pressure water-supply unit can the L shaped water-level gauge of strict guarantee liquid level constant constant, thereby guarantee that the significant depth that the concrete sample bottom surface is immersed in water is a constant smaller value, strictly meet surperficial capillary water absorption rate and test desired hydraulic boundary conditions, moisture Influence of Evaporation measuring accuracy in the sample closed chamber in the time of can avoiding testing for a long time simultaneously;
Present embodiment adopts sample closed chamber collocation variable valve, not only can guarantee that it is one than fractional value that the test specimen bottom surface is immersed in significant depth in water constant, moisture Influence of Evaporation measuring accuracy in the sample closed chamber simultaneously in the time of can avoiding testing for a long time, adopt L-type water-level gauge collocation sample closed chamber can significantly promote the sensitivity of test macro, when the present embodiment sample absorbs water about 0.5g, the balance draft tube starts tonifying Qi, in corresponding closed chamber, SEA LEVEL VARIATION is about 0.02mm, due to the existence of balance draft tube bottom meniscus the degree of crook of energy self-adaptation adjustment liquid level, actual water suction mass measurement precision is higher, and traditional Ma Shi bottle is about 0.5mm to the sensitivity of SEA LEVEL VARIATION to be measured,
2, due between constant pressure water-supply unit and test specimen suction unit, by silica gel hose, be connected, the moisture that concrete sample absorbs can be in real time, from the constant pressure water-supply unit, supplemented continuously, the water absorbing capacity of concrete sample is constantly equal to the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality, can measure in real time the water absorbing capacity of concrete sample by the reduction of indirect measurement constant pressure water-supply element quality, there is higher measuring accuracy and can meet the test request to various different sizes, different quality concrete sample surface capillary water absorption rate.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is different from embodiment one: described test specimen suction unit also comprises highly regulates pin 17 and level meter 18.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is different from embodiment one or two: described sample closed chamber 3 arranged outside have three contour height to regulate pin 17, and are seated on levels operation platform 19.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to three: the range of described electronic balance 2 is 1000g, and precision is 0.001g.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to four: described air communicating pipe 5, balance draft tube 6, rising pipe 7, water inlet pipe 9 and L shaped water-level gauge 12 materials are organic glass.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to five: the top of described L shaped water-level gauge 12 is 5mm higher than the vertical distance on the top of sample support part 13.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: the method for testing of a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption of present embodiment rate Auto-Test System, its method of testing comprises the steps:
One, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, toward constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 dress water to just not flooding the lower end of air communicating pipe 5; Open gas valve 14 and the gas valve on balance draft tube 6 15 good seal constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 on air communicating pipe 5, the gas valve 14 of closing afterwards air communicating pipe 5 tops; Open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, the water of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside flows out by rising pipe 7, water level in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 edges down, internal cavities air pressure slightly falls and balance draft tube 6 interior water levels comparatively fast descend, when its water level drops to the lower end of balance draft tube 6 and gas and starts to enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, emptying balance air inlet liquid in pipe completes, and constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 internal liquid is in equilibrium state;
Two, with silica gel hose 8, rising pipe 7 is connected with water inlet pipe 9, close draining valve 10, open variable valve 11, add water to the linked hole that floods water inlet pipe 9 and L shaped water-level gauge 12 and sample closed chamber 3 in sample closed chamber 3, require the top 3mm of water flooding sample support part 13 simultaneously, build top cover the good seal of sample closed chamber 3; Pin 17 is highly regulated in adjustment makes the height change of test specimen air-tight bottle 3 to the needle point level height 10～15mm that makes inner liquid level lower than balance draft tube 6, open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, water in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 starts to supplement and the interior gas that may exist of emptying silica gel hose 8 to sample closed chamber 3 is interior, close variable valve 11, the interior water level of sample closed chamber 3 remains unchanged, and the water level in L shaped water-level gauge 12 continues rise and may overflow; Adjust highly regulate pin 17 make gas no longer enter in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6 and the corresponding balance water level in L shaped water-level gauge 12 lower than the top 1mm of L shaped water-level gauge, control test specimen suction unit levels by level meter 18 simultaneously; Test specimen suction unit height and water level are adjusted complete, and whole system is in the water level balance state; If now from L shaped water-level gauge top, siphon away micro-moisture, gas will enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6, and make whole system again in equilibrium state;
Three, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, open variable valve 11, open the upper cover of sample closed chamber 3, by draining valve 10, reduce the water level of sample closed chamber 3 and surfaced in the tip of sample support part 13; The concrete sample of all side seals 4 is placed in to test specimen support member 13 tops and does not temporarily contact with water, cover upper cover the good seal of sample closed chamber 3; Open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, water starts to supplement to sample closed chamber 3 is interior from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 is interior, gas enters in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6 and the water level in sample closed chamber 3 raises gradually, when being 3mm, the height that floods test specimen 4 until its water level inside closes variable valve 11, the interior water level of the constant and L shaped water-level gauge 12 of the interior water level of sample closed chamber 3 reaches equilibrium state while continuing to rise to from top 1mm, allows computing machine start to gather by the time interval set in advance the qualitative data of constant pressure water-supply unit.Along with concrete sample 4 water suctions, air pressure in sample closed chamber 3 edges down, water continues interior the supplementing from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 to sample closed chamber 3, constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 upper gas cavity pressure descends, and outside atmosphere is supplemented and reaches new equilibrium state to constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 is inner by balance draft tube 6.After balance, liquid level in L shaped water-level gauge 12 is constant, the significant depth that corresponding test specimen bottom surface is submerged in water is constant, the quality that test specimen sucks water equals the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality and can be measured by electronic balance 2, the quality reduction of computer acquisition electronic balance 2 equals the recruitment of concrete sample 4 quality, can calculate the surperficial capillary water absorption rate of concrete sample by the mass change amount.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment:
1, monitor the water suction quality of concrete sample due to the mass change by indirect measurement constant pressure water-supply unit, can reduce the accidental error of introducing due to factors such as drying by hand concrete sample bottom surface free water, test specimen bottom surface disengaging free water a period of time;
2, indirectly measure the water suction quality of concrete sample due to the mass change that adopts electronic balance to measure the constant pressure water-supply unit, can accomplish real-time, continuous, full-automatic and long tracking measurement, can be for measuring, study mass change and the surperficial capillary water absorption rate thereof of the long-time water absorbent surface of concrete material.Present embodiment can strictly meet surperficial capillary water absorption rate and test desired concrete sample to be immersed in significant depth in water constant be one than the hydraulic boundary conditions of fractional value, can be in real time, automatically, follow-on test and precision is high, the test findings favorable reproducibility for a long time, test operation is convenient, can be applied to experimental study and the Practical Project permanance detection field of concrete material hole (crackle) structure, surperficial capillary water absorption rate.
Prove beneficial effect of the present invention by following examples:
Embodiment mono-:
A kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption of the present embodiment rate Auto-Test System, consist of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance 2 and test specimen suction unit, and the constant pressure water-supply unit is communicated with by rising pipe 7, silica gel hose 8 and water inlet pipe 9 with the test specimen suction unit;
Described constant pressure water-supply unit consists of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, air communicating pipe 5, balance draft tube 6 and rising pipe 7; Described electronic balance 2 is arranged on constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 bottom and is used for measuring the weight of constant pressure water-supply unit; Wherein, air communicating pipe 5 and balance draft tube 6 all are arranged on the upper end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, the end of air communicating pipe 5 in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside is arranged on the upper end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, and the end of balance draft tube 6 in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside is arranged on the lower end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1; Air communicating pipe 5 tops are provided with a gas valve 14; Balance draft tube 6 tops are provided with a gas valve 15; Balance draft tube 6 bottoms are provided with a needle tubing; Rising pipe 7 one ends with valve 16 are communicated with constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 bottom portion side end, and the other end is communicated with water inlet pipe 9 by silica gel hose 8, and described water inlet pipe 9 is communicated with sample closed chamber 3 bottom sides;
Described test specimen suction unit consists of sample closed chamber 3, water inlet pipe 9, draining valve 10, variable valve 11, L-type water-level gauge 12 and sample support part 13; Wherein, sample closed chamber 3 tops are provided with a level meter 18, are provided with water inlet pipe 9 in lower end, in closed chamber 3 lower ends, right side, are provided with L-type water-level gauge 12, and L-type water-level gauge 12 other ends arrange upward; Sample closed chamber 3 upper ends, right side are provided with variable valve 11; Draining valve 10 is arranged on the bottom of sample closed chamber 3; Sample closed chamber 3 bottom inside are provided with three contour sample support parts 13.
The method for making that concrete sample 4 is commonly used is: concrete sample that will good in the laboratory maintenance (certain length of time of maintenance) or the on-the-spot concrete sample of getting the core gained are dried to constant weight at 60 ℃ of temperature, then brush epoxy resin or olefin material and do the waterproof sealing processing on all sides of concrete sample, finally dried test specimen is placed in to dry environment and is cooled to room temperature.
The shape of concrete sample 4 can be right cylinder or prism.
In this embodiment, the quality that electronic balance 2 is used for measuring in real time the constant pressure water-supply unit is process over time; Balance draft tube 6 bottoms are provided with a needle tubing to control air inflow; Concrete sample 4 adopts diameters to be 100mm, highly to be the right cylinder of 50mm (highly do not limit, but must adopt highly and sample closed chamber 3 that test specimen length is complementary), and 4 sides employing epoxy resin carry out waterproof sealing; Air communicating pipe 5, balance draft tube 6, rising pipe 7, water inlet pipe 9 and L shaped water-level gauge 12 all adopt the plexi-glass tubular that external diameter is 6mm, wall thickness 1mm; In needle tubing (its internal diameter is 0.5～1.5mm, and the needle tubing internal diameter can adjust to adapt to the measurement of different materials) the present embodiment that balance draft tube 6 bottoms connect, it is the injection needle tubing of internal diameter 1mm; The height of sample support part 13 is 10mm.
The method of testing of a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption of the present embodiment rate Auto-Test System is as follows:
One, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, toward constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 dress water to just not flooding the lower end of air communicating pipe 5; Open gas valve 14 and the gas valve on balance draft tube 6 15 good seal constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 on air communicating pipe 5, the gas valve 14 of closing afterwards air communicating pipe 5 tops; Open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, the water of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside flows out by rising pipe 7, water level in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 edges down, internal cavities air pressure slightly falls and balance draft tube 6 interior water levels comparatively fast descend, when its water level drops to the lower end of balance draft tube 6 and gas and starts to enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, emptying balance air inlet liquid in pipe completes, and constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 internal liquid is in equilibrium state;
Two, with silica gel hose 8, rising pipe 7 is connected with water inlet pipe 9, close draining valve 10, open variable valve 11, add water to the linked hole that floods water inlet pipe 9 and L shaped water-level gauge 12 and sample closed chamber 3 in sample closed chamber 3, require the top 3mm of water flooding sample support part 13 simultaneously, build top cover the good seal of sample closed chamber 3; Pin 17 is highly regulated in adjustment makes the height change of test specimen air-tight bottle 3 to the needle point level height 15mm that makes inner liquid level lower than balance draft tube 6, open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, water in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 starts to supplement and the interior gas that may exist of emptying silica gel hose 8 to sample closed chamber 3 is interior, close variable valve 11, the interior water level of sample closed chamber 3 remains unchanged, and the water level in L shaped water-level gauge 12 continues rise and may overflow; Adjust highly regulate pin 17 make gas no longer enter in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6 and the corresponding balance water level in L shaped water-level gauge 12 lower than the top 1mm of L shaped water-level gauge, control test specimen suction unit levels by level meter 18 simultaneously; Test specimen suction unit height and water level are adjusted complete, and whole system is in the water level balance state; If now from L shaped water-level gauge top, siphon away micro-moisture, gas will enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6, and make whole system again in equilibrium state;
Three, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, open variable valve 11, open the upper cover of sample closed chamber 3, by draining valve 10, reduce the water level of sample closed chamber 3 and surfaced in the tip of sample support part 13; The concrete sample of all side seals 4 is placed in to test specimen support member 13 tops and does not temporarily contact with water, cover upper cover the good seal of sample closed chamber 3; Open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, water starts to supplement to sample closed chamber 3 is interior from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 is interior, gas enters in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6 and the water level in sample closed chamber 3 raises gradually, when being 3mm, the height that floods test specimen 4 until its water level inside closes variable valve 11, the interior water level of the constant and L shaped water-level gauge 12 of the interior water level of sample closed chamber 3 reaches equilibrium state while continuing to rise to from top 1mm, allows computing machine start to gather by the time interval set in advance the qualitative data of constant pressure water-supply unit.Along with concrete sample 4 water suctions, air pressure in sample closed chamber 3 edges down, water continues interior the supplementing from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 to sample closed chamber 3, constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 upper gas cavity pressure descends, and outside atmosphere is supplemented and reaches new equilibrium state to constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 is inner by balance draft tube 6.After balance, liquid level in L shaped water-level gauge 12 is constant, the significant depth that corresponding test specimen bottom surface is submerged in water is constant, the quality that test specimen sucks water equals the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality and can be measured by electronic balance 2, computing machine equals the recruitment of concrete sample 4 quality by the quality reduction of time interval 2min collection electronic balance 2, can calculate the surperficial capillary water absorption rate of concrete sample by the mass change amount.
By data line, electronic balance is connected on computing machine, by computing machine, presses the automatic acquisition quality data in certain hour interval, real-time continuous is monitored the mass change amount to water unit, i.e. the mass change amount of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 interior water.
The interval time of image data early stage can be shorter in test, and the later stage mass change becomes slow and can arrange relatively longer by the time interval of image data afterwards.
Above-mentioned concrete sample is calculated to its surperficial capillary water absorption rate, and step is as follows:
One, the initial mass test data of meter electronic balance 2 is M
0(kg), t afterwards
i(min) the i inferior quality measurement data of time is M
i, t
ithe actual water suction quality of time inner concrete test specimen is M
0-M
i, now can calculate t according to following formula
ithe water suction volume V of unit area in time
i(m) be:
V
i=(M
0-M
i)/ρA ①
A(m wherein
2) be the base area that concrete sample contacts with water, the density (kg/m that ρ is water
3);
Two, incite somebody to action not t in the same time
iwith corresponding unit area water suction volume V
i(m) carry out linear fit by following formula:
Gained slope S (m/min
0.5) be the surperficial capillary water absorption rate of institute's test block.
Three, when concrete sample has been tested, close successively rising pipe 7 valve 16, open variable valve 11, open the top cover of sample closed chamber 3 and test specimen taken out to (repeating the surperficial capillary water absorption rate that above-mentioned steps can continue to test next concrete sample).
The employing diameter is 100mm, highly is the right cylinder test specimen of 50mm, and after test specimen being carried out to side seal dry pre-service, the qualitative data that gathers electronic balance 2 every 2min according to above-mentioned steps, press the 1. water suction quality m of unit of account area of formula
i2. carry out linear regression by formula afterwards, try to achieve and return the capillary water absorption rate S that slope afterwards is concrete sample, test result as shown in Figure 2, wherein means measured data,---mean matched curve.
The function expression of least square method gained matched curve is:
The degree of correlation R of fitting function and measured data reaches 0.9948, and from above formula 3., the surperficial capillary water absorption rate S of this test specimen is 0.039m/min
0.5.
In above-mentioned each embodiment, the structure of each parts, setting position and connection thereof all can change to some extent, and on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, the improvement that indivedual parts are carried out and be equal to replacement, should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System, it is characterized in that described concrete surface capillary water absorption rate test macro consists of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance (2) and test specimen suction unit, the constant pressure water-supply unit is communicated with by rising pipe (7), silica gel hose (8) and water inlet pipe (9) with the test specimen suction unit;
Described constant pressure water-supply unit consists of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1), air communicating pipe (5), balance draft tube (6) and rising pipe (7); Described electronic balance (2) is arranged on constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) bottom and is used for measuring the weight of constant pressure water-supply unit; Wherein, air communicating pipe (5) and balance draft tube (6) all are arranged on the upper end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1), at constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1), an inner end is arranged on the upper end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) to air communicating pipe (5), and at constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1), an inner end is arranged on the lower end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) to balance draft tube (6); Air communicating pipe (5) top is provided with a gas valve (14); Balance draft tube (6) top is provided with a gas valve (15); Balance draft tube (6) bottom is provided with a needle tubing; Rising pipe (7) one ends of band valve (16) are communicated with constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) bottom portion side end, and the other end is communicated with water inlet pipe (9) by silica gel hose (8), and described water inlet pipe (9) is communicated with sample closed chamber (3) bottom sides;
Described test specimen suction unit consists of sample closed chamber (3), water inlet pipe (9), draining valve (10), variable valve (11), L-type water-level gauge (12) and sample support part (13); Wherein, sample closed chamber (3) top is provided with a level meter (18), is provided with water inlet pipe (9) in lower end, in closed chamber (3) lower end, right side, is provided with L-type water-level gauge (12), and L-type water-level gauge (12) other end arranges upward; Sample closed chamber (3) upper end, right side is provided with variable valve (11); Draining valve (10) is arranged on the bottom of sample closed chamber (3); Sample closed chamber (3) bottom inside is provided with three contour sample support parts (13).
2. a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System according to claim 1, is characterized in that described test specimen suction unit also comprises highly to regulate pin (17) and level meter (18).
3. a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System according to claim 1, is characterized in that described sample closed chamber (3) arranged outside has three contour height to regulate pin (17), and be seated on levels operation platform (19).
4. a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System according to claim 1, the range that it is characterized in that described electronic balance (2) is 1000g, precision is 0.001g.
5. a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System according to claim 1, is characterized in that described air communicating pipe (5), balance draft tube (6), rising pipe (7), water inlet pipe (9) and L shaped water-level gauge (12) material are organic glass.
6. a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System according to claim 1, the top that it is characterized in that described L shaped water-level gauge (12) is 5mm higher than the vertical distance on the top of sample support part (13).
7. right to use requires the method for testing of 1 described a kind of concrete surface capillary water absorption rate Auto-Test System, it is characterized in that described method of testing comprises the steps:
One, close the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), toward constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) dress water to just not flooding the lower end of air communicating pipe (5), open gas valve (14) and the gas valve (15) on balance draft tube (6) good seal constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) on air communicating pipe (5), the gas valve (14) of closing afterwards air communicating pipe (5) top, open the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), the inner water of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) flows out by rising pipe (7), water level in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) edges down, the water level that internal cavities air pressure slightly falls and balance draft tube (6) is interior comparatively fast descends, when its water level drops to the lower end of balance draft tube (6) and gas and starts to enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) by balance draft tube (6), close the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), emptying balance air inlet liquid in pipe completes, constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) internal liquid is in equilibrium state,
Two, with silica gel hose (8), rising pipe (7) is connected with water inlet pipe (9), close draining valve (10), open variable valve (11), add water to the linked hole that floods water inlet pipe (9) and L shaped water-level gauge (12) and sample closed chamber (3) in sample closed chamber (3), require the top 3mm of water flooding sample support part (13) simultaneously, build top cover the good seal of sample closed chamber (3); Pin (17) is highly regulated in adjustment makes the height change of test specimen air-tight bottle (3) to the needle point level height 10～15mm that makes inner liquid level lower than balance draft tube (6), open the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), water in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) starts to supplement in sample closed chamber (3) and the interior gas that may exist of emptying silica gel hose (8), close variable valve (11), the interior water level of sample closed chamber (3) remains unchanged, and the water level in L shaped water-level gauge (12) continues rise and may overflow; Adjust highly regulate pin (17) make gas no longer enter in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) by balance draft tube (6) and the corresponding balance water level in L shaped water-level gauge (12) lower than the top 1mm of L shaped water-level gauge, simultaneously by level meter (18) control test specimen suction unit level; Test specimen suction unit height and water level are adjusted complete, and whole system is in the water level balance state; If now from L shaped water-level gauge top, siphon away micro-moisture, gas will enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) by balance draft tube (6), and make whole system again in equilibrium state;
Three, close the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), open variable valve (11), open the upper cover of sample closed chamber (3), by draining valve (10), reduce the water level of sample closed chamber (3) and surfaced in the tip of sample support part (13), the concrete sample of all side seals (4) is placed in to test specimen support member (13) top and does not temporarily contact with water, cover upper cover the good seal of sample closed chamber (3), open the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), water starts in sample closed chamber (3), to supplement in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1), gas enters in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) by balance draft tube (6) and the water level in sample closed chamber (3) raises gradually, when being 3mm, the height that floods test specimen (4) until its water level inside closes variable valve (11), the interior water level of the constant and L shaped water-level gauge of the interior water level of sample closed chamber (3) (12) reaches equilibrium state while continuing to rise to from top 1mm, allow computing machine start to gather by the time interval set in advance the qualitative data of constant pressure water-supply unit.Along with concrete sample (4) water suction, air pressure in sample closed chamber (3) edges down, water supplements in continuing from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) to sample closed chamber (3), constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) upper gas cavity pressure descends, and outside atmosphere is supplemented to constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) inside by balance draft tube (6) and reached new equilibrium state.After balance, liquid level in L shaped water-level gauge (12) is constant, the significant depth that corresponding test specimen bottom surface is submerged in water is constant, the quality that test specimen sucks water equals the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality and can be measured by electronic balance (2), the quality reduction of computer acquisition electronic balance (2) equals the recruitment of concrete sample (4) quality, can calculate the surperficial capillary water absorption rate of concrete sample by the mass change amount.
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