Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, and provide one not only to reclaim high-temperature residual heat, and recovery middle-low temperature heat, waste heat recovery efficiency is high, dust reclaims completely, and the recoverying and utilizing method of low equipment investment, technology controlling and process is easy, cost recovery is lower smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat and dust.
Object of the present invention can be reached by following measure:
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, comprise waste-heat recovery device and device for recovering powder, it is characterized in that described waste-heat recovery device and device for recovering powder are by countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1), porous SiN ceramic filter (2), countercurrent flow waste heat boiler B(3), countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4), chip runner back flow of gas heat exchanger (5), bag type filtering deduster (6), air-introduced machine (7) is formed by connecting by pipeline or pipe fitting, flue gas after waste heat and dust reclaim removes sulfur removal plant (8), after sulfur recovery process, tail gas qualified discharge,
Described recoverying and utilizing method comprises the steps:
1.. waste heat one-level reclaims
Smelting non-ferrous metal flue gas enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1), with working medium countercurrent flow in boiler, the high temperature heat of being carried passes to boiler working substance; Flue gas own temperature is reduced to≤700 DEG C realize waste heat one-level and reclaim;
2.. filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation
Flue gas after the step 1. recovery of waste heat one-level enters porous SiN ceramic filter (2), and dust removal by filtration purifies;
3.. waste heat secondary recovery
Flue gas after step 2. dust removal by filtration purification enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler (3), and with boiler working substance countercurrent flow, the heat energy carried passes to boiler evaporating working medium; Flue gas own temperature is reduced to≤400 DEG C realize waste heat secondary recovery;
4.. waste heat three grades recovery
Flue gas after step 3. waste heat secondary recovery enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4), and with the working medium countercurrent flow of countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4), the heat energy carried passes to the working medium of boiler working substance preheater; Flue gas own temperature is reduced to≤150 DEG C realize waste heat three grades recovery;
5.. level Four waste heat recovery
Through step 4. waste heat three grades reclaim after flue gas enter chip runner back flow of gas heat exchanger (5), the heat energy carried passes to air at room temperature, and the hot-air heating air user of generation uses use, and own temperature is reduced to≤70 DEG C;
6.. filter at low temperature dedusting
Low-temperature flue gas after step 5. air waste heat recovery, enters bag type filtering deduster (6), further dust removal by filtration purification; In flue gas, dust more than 98% is removed;
7.. desulfurization
After flue gas after step 5. dust removal by filtration sends into sulfur removal plant (8) sulfur recovery process, tail gas qualified discharge.
From thermodynamic (al) theory, the most rational heat exchange mode is countercurrent flow, and under same heat transfer boundary condition, countercurrent flow can realize the uniform temperature difference, and the irreversible loss that heat transfer process is produced is little, and it is high therefore to change efficiency.The waste heat carried in the flue gas that the present inventor adopts countercurrent heat exchange method to discharge for metallic copper melting carries out the technical scheme recycled, and for solution the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, has made outstanding contribution.
Porous ceramics is high temperature resistant, density is low, chemical stability is good, is applicable to high temperature fluid filter.Especially the covalent structure that silicon nitride is stable, gives many excellent properties such as its fusing point is high, elevated temperature strength is high, hardness is high, elastic modelling quantity is large, wear-resisting, thermal coefficient of expansion is little, Heat stability is good.Therefore, porous SiN ceramic has high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, anti-thermal shock, anti-oxidant, wear-resistant etc. good, and in technical scheme of the present invention, the porous SiN ceramic filter selected, creates unexpected technique effect to completing task of the present invention.
Object of the present invention can also be reached by following measure:
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, is characterized in that the porous SiN ceramic filter (2) adopted during step 2., the silicon nitride foam ceramic material manufacture of selecting silicon nitride, aluminium oxide and yittrium oxide to form.The mass percent of three consists of silicon nitride: aluminium oxide: yittrium oxide=90:2:8.
It is a preferred technical scheme.
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, it is characterized in that step 1., 3., 4. in the waste-heat recovery device countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1 that adopts), countercurrent flow waste heat boiler B(3) and countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4) flue gas and the boiler afterheat heat exchange of reclaiming between working medium adopt double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method, or three bushing type countercurrent heat exchange methods; Wherein:
Described double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method, heat-exchanger rig is set with configuration combination by two straight tubes that several diameter is different and forms, and flue gas walks central tube, and waste heat recovery working medium walks annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, realizes countercurrent flow;
Three described bushing type countercurrent heat exchange methods, heat-exchanger rig is set with configuration by three straight tubes that diameter is different and forms, and flue gas walks central tube and outer annular space, and waste heat recovery working medium walks interior annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, realizes countercurrent flow.
It is preferred technical scheme.
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, it is characterized in that step 1., 3., 4. in waste-heat recovery device countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1), countercurrent flow waste heat boiler B(3) and countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4) flue gas all adopt double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method from the boiler afterheat heat exchange of reclaiming between working medium. heat-exchanger rig two straight tubes different by several diameter are set with and configure combination and form, flue gas walks central tube, waste heat recovery working medium walks annular space pipe, the two flow direction is contrary, realizes countercurrent flow.
It is a preferred technical scheme.
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, it is characterized in that step 1., 3., 4. in adopt waste-heat recovery device countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1), countercurrent flow waste heat boiler B(3) and the heat exchange of countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4) between flue gas and boiler working substance all adopt three bushing type countercurrent heat exchange methods, heat-exchanger rig is set with configuration by three straight tubes that diameter is different and forms, flue gas walks central tube and outer annular space, waste heat recovery working medium walks interior annular space pipe, the two flow direction is contrary, realizes countercurrent flow.
It is a preferred technical scheme.
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, it is characterized in that step 1., 3., 4. in adopt waste-heat recovery device countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1) flue gas and the boiler afterheat heat exchange of reclaiming between working medium all adopt double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method; Countercurrent flow waste heat boiler B(3) and preheater (4) heat exchange between flue gas and boiler working substance of countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium adopt three bushing type countercurrent heat exchange methods.
It is most preferred technical scheme.
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, it is characterized in that step 5. chip runner back flow of gas heat exchanger (5), form by organizing runner sheet heat exchange unit more, often organize runner sheet heat exchange unit to be made up of the runner sheet A linked together by shared heat exchanger plates and runner sheet B, the upper end of one side of runner sheet A has flow channel entry point, and another relative lower end, side has runner exit; The lower end of one side of runner sheet B has flow channel entry point, and another relative upper end, side has runner exit; Flue gas and air, respectively by runner sheet A or runner sheet B, realize countercurrent flow.
Chip runner back flow of gas heat exchanger heat exchange efficiency is high, flue-gas temperature after heat exchange drops to≤and 70 DEG C, fundamentally avoid bag type filtering deduster and burnt the fault of ring, make bag type filtering deduster in dust collecting process, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, continue on in dust collecting process.
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, it is characterized in that the recoverying and utilizing method of the waste heat that the flue gas during smelting of described flue-gas temperature≤1000 DEG C carries and dust, described step is 3.. and waste heat secondary recovery, saving need not.It is preferred technical scheme.
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, is characterized in that the working medium of described waste heat boiler working medium or waste heat boiler working medium preheater is water or low boiling organic working medium.
The application of the recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, is characterized in that the recycling of the waste heat that the flue gas being applicable to discharge in copper scap refining production technology carries and dust.
The application of the recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, is characterized in that the recycling of the waste heat that the flue gas being applicable to discharge in copper, nickel, lead, Zinc smelting explained hereafter device carries and dust.
The recoverying and utilizing method of smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of the present invention and dust, can produce technique effect unexpected as follows compared to existing technology:
1. provide one and not only reclaim high-temperature residual heat, and recovery middle-low temperature heat, waste heat recovery efficiency is high, and dust reclaims completely, and the recoverying and utilizing method of the lower smelting non-ferrous metal fume afterheat of low equipment investment, cost recovery that technology controlling and process is easy and dust.
2. adopt level Four waste heat recovery, heat recovery rate >=95%. of carrying in flue gas
3. adopt porous SiN ceramic filter, achieve the udst separation for high-temperature flue gas, fume recovery rate >=90%, for the normal operation of follow-up heat recovery and dust recovery and sulfuric acid plant provides guarantee.
4. adopt chip runner back flow of gas heat exchanger, flue-gas temperature after heat exchange drops to≤and 70 DEG C, fundamentally avoid bag type filtering deduster and burnt the fault of ring, make bag type filtering deduster in dust collecting process, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, continue on in dust collecting process.
5. through bag type filtering deduster at≤70 DEG C of temperature after dedusting, the dust dust removal efficiency in flue gas reaches more than 98%, ensure that the effectively normal of sulfur removal plant sulfur recovery technology runs.
6. waste heat recovery rate is high, and dust purification is complete, and emission reaches discharge standard.For economize energy, protection of the environment has made contribution.
Embodiment 1
The recoverying and utilizing method of a kind of non-ferrous metal copper weld pool fume afterheat of the present invention and dust
Comprise waste-heat recovery device and device for recovering powder, it is characterized in that described waste-heat recovery device and device for recovering powder are by countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1), porous SiN ceramic filter (2), countercurrent flow waste heat boiler B(3), countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4), chip runner back flow of gas heat exchanger (5), bag type filtering deduster (6), air-introduced machine (7) be formed by connecting by pipeline or pipe fitting, after flue gas after waste heat and dust reclaim goes sulfuric acid plant (8) desulfurization process, tail gas qualified discharge;
Described recoverying and utilizing method comprises the steps:
1.. waste heat one-level reclaims
The flue gas of 1400 DEG C from copper concentrate grade enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1), with working medium countercurrent flow in boiler, the high temperature heat of being carried passes to boiler working substance; Flue gas own temperature is reduced to≤700 DEG C realize waste heat one-level and reclaim; At countercurrent flow waste heat boiler A(1) in, the heat exchange of reclaiming between working medium of flue gas and boiler afterheat adopts double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method. and heat-exchanger rig two straight tubes different by several diameter are set with and configure combination and form, flue gas walks central tube, waste heat recovery working medium walks annular space pipe, the two flow direction is contrary, realizes countercurrent flow.
2.. filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation
Flue gas after the step 1. recovery of waste heat one-level enters porous SiN ceramic filter (2), and dust removal by filtration purifies; The porous SiN ceramic filter (2) adopted, the silicon nitride foam ceramic material manufacture of selecting silicon nitride, aluminium oxide and yittrium oxide to form.The mass percent of three consists of silicon nitride: aluminium oxide: yittrium oxide=90:6:4.
3.. waste heat secondary recovery
Flue gas after step 2. dust removal by filtration purification enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler (3), and with boiler working substance countercurrent flow, the heat energy carried passes to boiler evaporating working medium; Flue gas own temperature is reduced to≤400 DEG C realize waste heat secondary recovery; In countercurrent flow waste heat boiler (3), the heat exchange of reclaiming between working medium of flue gas and boiler afterheat adopts double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method. and heat-exchanger rig two straight tubes different by several diameter are set with and configure combination and form, flue gas walks central tube, waste heat recovery working medium walks annular space pipe, the two flow direction is contrary, realizes countercurrent flow.
4.. waste heat three grades recovery
Flue gas after step 3. waste heat secondary recovery enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4), and with the working medium countercurrent flow of countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4), the heat energy carried passes to the working medium of boiler working substance preheater; Flue gas own temperature is reduced to≤150 DEG C realize waste heat three grades recovery; In countercurrent flow waste heat boiler working medium preheater (4), the heat exchange of reclaiming between working medium of flue gas and boiler afterheat adopts double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method. and heat-exchanger rig two straight tubes different by several diameter are set with and configure combination and form, flue gas walks central tube, waste heat recovery working medium walks annular space pipe, the two flow direction is contrary, realizes countercurrent flow.
5.. level Four waste heat recovery
Through step 4. waste heat three grades reclaim after flue gas enter chip runner back flow of gas heat exchanger (5), the heat energy carried passes to air at room temperature, and the hot-air of generation is refined oxidation stage for copper and utilized, and own temperature is reduced to≤70 DEG C; Chip runner back flow of gas heat exchanger (5) forms by organizing runner sheet heat exchange unit more, often organize runner sheet heat exchange unit to be made up of the runner sheet A linked together by shared heat exchanger plates and runner sheet B, the upper end of one side of runner sheet A has flow channel entry point, and another relative lower end, side has runner exit; The lower end of one side of runner sheet B has flow channel entry point, and another relative upper end, side has runner exit; Flue gas and air, respectively by runner sheet A or runner sheet B, realize countercurrent flow.
6.. filter at low temperature dedusting
Low-temperature flue gas after step 5. air waste heat recovery, enters bag type filtering deduster (6), further dust removal by filtration purification;
7.. desulfurization
After flue gas after step 5. dust removal by filtration sends into sulfur removal plant (8) sulfur recovery process, tail gas qualified discharge.
Heat recovery rate >=95%. of carrying in flue gas, fume recovery rate >=98%.