CN103468268A - Mineral soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metals in crops - Google Patents
Mineral soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metals in crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN103468268A CN103468268A CN2013104153105A CN201310415310A CN103468268A CN 103468268 A CN103468268 A CN 103468268A CN 2013104153105 A CN2013104153105 A CN 2013104153105A CN 201310415310 A CN201310415310 A CN 201310415310A CN 103468268 A CN103468268 A CN 103468268A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mineral soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metals in crops, aiming to reduce the heavy metal content of soil and reduce the absorption of harmful heavy metals by the crops. The characteristic of rehydration of marine sedimentary minerals after dehydration is used to ensure that the heavy metals in the soil can be adsorbed, so that the problem that the heavy metal content of soil exceeds a standard is solved. A manufacturing method of the mineral soil treatment agent comprises the following steps: 1, screening the marine sedimentary minerals to select high-quality minerals of montmorillonite and meerschaum families; 2, sunning and airing the selected minerals; 3, crushing and grinding the minerals by using a vertical roller mill; 4, performing high-temperature drying treatment; and 5, cooling and filling into plastic bags for sealed package. A using method of the mineral soil treatment agent comprises the following steps: uniformly scattering the mineral soil treatment agent into a field of which the heavy metal content exceeds a standard, and turning up and raising the soil twice to ensure that the treatment agent and the soil are fully mixed and the absorption effect is improved.
Description
Affiliated field
The invention belongs to the agricultural soil treatment agent, relate in particular to a kind of mineral soil treatment agent that reduces the farm crop heavy metal.
Technical background
Due to the needs of modern construction, in the course of processing of the exploitation in mine, smelting and industrial goods, produce a large amount of heavy metal contamination soil and rivers and lakes.Heavy metal refers to the metal that proportion is greater than 4 or 5, approximately there are 45 kinds, as cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, manganese, mercury, tungsten, molybdenum, gold and silver etc., although heavy metal has and a variety of human body is poisoned and maximum to be had 5 kinds: cadmium, lead, mercury, chromium, arsenic.
Wherein: cadmium; English name: in the cadmium environment, the main pollution source of cadmium is: the waste water produced in the exploitation of plumbous zinc ore, ore dressing and smelting process and waste gas, the production of steel alloy and the course of processing, the factory effluent of cadmium plating, production and the courses of processing such as dyestuff, agricultural chemicals, paint, glass, pottery, the material of taking pictures.Plant absorbs and is enriched in the cadmium in soil, can make cadmium content in farm crop increase, and hydrocoles absorbs and is enriched in the cadmium in water, can make cadmium content in animal body raise.Cadmium has depot action at human body, hides brightly to be 10～30 years, mainly is accumulated in liver, kidney, pancreas, Tiroidina and bone, kidney organ is waited pathology occurs, and affects people's normal activity.Cause that anaemia, hypertension, neurodynia, sclerotin are soft, the illness such as ephritis and dyssecretosis, also can cause fearful " itai-itai disease ".
Plumbous; Lead is not only poisonous, and is accumulation property, and lead poisoning is suffered from abdominal pain the people, and serious meeting develops into mentally deranged.Neural system, hemopoietic system, reproductive system, kidney, children's is of short and small stature, the serious consequences such as mental retardation, brain paralysis.
Mercury; The mercury ore exploitation, mercury alloys is smelted, and gold and silver extract, mercury rectifier, and vacuum pump, head light, instrument, thermometer, dental filling mercury alloys, mercury fulminate, pigment, pharmacy, nuclear reactor coolant and atomproof radiative material etc. have the loss of mercury.Can cause nuisance disease containing Mercury sewage to the pollution of rivers,lakes and seas, as minamata disease.Nowadays mercury amount through the food intake human body has reached 20～30ug/ day, and the severe contamination area is even up to 200～300ug/ day, and this constitutes a serious threat to human health, therefore the mercury poisoning control has become the important topic of countries in the world facing.
Chromium; The source of pollution of chromium have the sewage of the discharges such as the processing, metal finishing, leather tanning, printing and dyeing of chromium-containing ore.The chromium that enters human body is accumulated in tissue, metabolism and the speed be eliminated are slow, after chromium enters blood, main iron ball albumen, albumin, r-sphaeroprotein in blood plasma is combined, sexavalent chrome also can see through erythrocyte membrane, in 15 minutes, can there is 50% sexavalent chrome to enter cell, be combined with oxyphorase after entering red corpuscle.Sexavalent chrome is mainly chronic murder by poisoning to the people, and it can pass through digestive tube, respiratory tract, skin and mucous membrane and invade human body, mainly accumulates in vivo in liver, kidney and incretory gland, and chromium poisoning makes the content of chromium in the interior blood of human body and urine surpass arm's length standard.
Arsenic; The normal formal distribution with mixture is in various metallic ores, smelt and roasting realgar ore or other while being mingled with the metallic ore (as ores such as tungsten, antimony, lead, zinc, copper) of arsenide, can touch generated white arsenic, in the flue dust or slag of these smelting furnaces, also there is a certain amount of white arsenic dust.White arsenic once was used as external application Chinese medicine, rodenticide, sterilant as Tricalcium arsenate, lead arsenate, lead arsenite, weedicide is as Sodium metaarsenite, calcium arsenite, sterilant is as arsenic powder, and organoarsenic pesticide is as methylarsonic acid zinc (mazn), Calar (calcim methanearsonate), methylarsonic acid sideramines (neoasozin), Tuzet (organosulfur arsenic compound disinfectant) etc.A large amount of uses makes arsenic content too high (>0.1mg/L) in soil or water source, the arseniasis phenomenon can occur, complication comes across chronic poisoning more, as chronic hepatitis, cataract, anaemia, hinder again, peripheral neuropathy, skin carcinoma, lung cancer etc., arsenic compound can make many internal organs such as neural system, the heart, liver, kidney impaired.
Heavy metals exceeding standard is very big to harm, and therefore, for compatriots' health, the heavy metal pollution problem solved in soil is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: reduce the heavy metal content in soil, reduce the absorption of farm crop to harmful heavy metal, the protection people's is healthy.
The main component of oceanogenic sedimentation mineral is clay minerals, mainly comprises the mineral such as kaolinite family, illite family, montmorillonite family, vermiculite family and sepiolite group.The adsorptive capacity maximum of montmorillonite family and sepiolite group mineral wherein.The crystalline structure of oceanogenic sedimentation mineral and crystal chemistry characteristics have determined their the following character.1. ion exchangeable.There is some positively charged ion of sorption and negatively charged ion and be held in the characteristic of swap status.General exchangeable cation be Ca2+, Mg2+, H+, K+, (NH4)+, Na+, common exchangeable anion be (SO4) 2-, Cl-, (PO4) 3-, (NO3)-.Kaolinic cation exchange capacity is minimum, 5～15 milligrams/100 grams; The cation exchange capacity of montmorillonite, vermiculite is the highest, 100～150 milligrams/100 grams.The reason that produces cationic exchange is broken that the unsaturated electric charge that in key and lattice, isomorphous replacement causes need to average out by Liquidity limit.Anionresin is the metasomatosis that lattice exposes hydroxyl ion.2. clay-water system characteristics.Water in clay mineral exists with the form of planar water, middle water and water of constitution.When only having at high temperature structure deteriorate, water of constitution just loses, but the zeolite water in planar water, middle water and sepiolite structure hole is all water at low temperature, after low temperature (100～150 ℃) heating, just can deviate from, simultaneously, all right rehydration after the mineral dehydration of picture smectite family, this is important characteristics.Utilize these above characteristics of oceanogenic sedimentation mineral, can adsorb in a large number the heavy metal in soil, solve the heavy metal content in soil problem that exceeds standard.
For achieving the above object, a kind of mineral soil treatment agent that reduces the farm crop heavy metal, its manufacture method is: 1, the screening of oceanogenic sedimentation mineral; Select montmorillonite family and the sepiolite group mineral of high-quality.2, the mineral ore deposit airing of choosing is air-dry.3, pulverize rear grinding the, granularity 800-1200 order with vertical roll grinder.4, high temperature drying is processed, and treatment temp is 150 ℃～180 ℃.5, the plastics bag of packing into after naturally cooling packs with sealing machine.Specifically as table 1:
Table 1
| Material | Grind size (order) | High temperature drying temperature ℃ | Time (minute) |
| Montmorillonite family | 1100 | 160 | 30 |
| The sepiolite group mineral | 1200 | 180 | 45 |
| ? | ? | ? | ? |
For guaranteeing quality product, improve result of use, pack packaged product secondary into plastics bag again with the sealing machine sealing, reinstall woven bag or carton after completing twice plastic bag packaging, become this soil treatment agent.
Its using method is: the large field that 1, this soil treatment agent is sprinkling upon uniformly to heavy metals exceeding standard.2, plough (plowing).3, rise sheer from level ground.4, secondary plough (plowing).5, secondary rises sheer from level ground.Then according to conventional farm crop farming method operation.The purpose of rising sheer from level ground of ploughing for twice is to allow this treatment agent fully mix with soil, is conducive to the absorption to heavy metal, improves treatment effect.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
Utilize the characterization of adsorption of oceanogenic sedimentation mineral, effectively reduce the heavy metal content in soil, the farm crop heavy metal content that produces reduce more than 65%, thereby guaranteed that people's is healthy.
Specific embodiments
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment
Embodiment:
1, select montmorillonite family and the sepiolite group mineral of high-quality.
2, the mineral ore deposit airing of choosing is air-dry.
3, pulverize rear grinding the, granularity 800-1200 order with vertical roll grinder.
4, high temperature drying is processed, and treatment temp is 150 ℃～180 ℃.
5, the plastics bag of packing into after naturally cooling packs with sealing machine, packs packaged product secondary into plastics bag again with the sealing machine sealing, reinstalls woven bag after completing twice plastic bag packaging, becomes this soil treatment agent.
During use, first this soil treatment agent is sprinkling upon uniformly to the large field of heavy metals exceeding standard, then plough (plowing), then rise sheer from level ground.Carry out secondary again and plough (plowing), then secondary rises sheer from level ground.Finally according to conventional farm crop farming method plantation operation.
Claims (2)
1. a mineral soil treatment agent that reduces the farm crop heavy metal; Its manufacture method is: the screening of (1), oceanogenic sedimentation mineral; Select montmorillonite family and the sepiolite group mineral of high-quality; (2), that the mineral ore deposit airing of choosing is air-dry; (3), with vertical roll grinder, pulverize rear grinding the, granularity 800-1200 order; (4), high temperature drying processes, treatment temp is 150 ℃～180 ℃; (5), the plastics bag of packing into after naturally cooling packs with sealing machine.
2. as claimed in claim 1; A kind of mineral soil treatment agent that reduces the farm crop heavy metal; Its using method is: (1), this soil treatment agent is sprinkling upon uniformly to the large field of heavy metals exceeding standard; (2), plough (plowing); (3), rise sheer from level ground; (4), secondary plough (plowing); (5), secondary rises sheer from level ground.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104673321A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 博天环境集团股份有限公司 | Heavy metal immobilization stabilizer as well as preparation method and application method of stabilizer |
| CN105859331A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-17 | 张乙航 | Biological bacterial fertilizer capable of degrading heavy metals of soil |
| CN107537853A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-01-05 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | A kind of method for reducing crops harmful heavy metal concentration |
-
2013
- 2013-09-02 CN CN2013104153105A patent/CN103468268A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱霞萍等: "《镉在蒙脱石等粘土矿物上的吸附行为研究》", 《岩石矿物学杂志》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104673321A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 博天环境集团股份有限公司 | Heavy metal immobilization stabilizer as well as preparation method and application method of stabilizer |
| CN104673321B (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2019-05-31 | 博天环境集团股份有限公司 | A kind of heavy metals immobilization stabilizer and preparation method thereof and application method |
| CN105859331A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-17 | 张乙航 | Biological bacterial fertilizer capable of degrading heavy metals of soil |
| CN107537853A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-01-05 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | A kind of method for reducing crops harmful heavy metal concentration |
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