CN103464167B - Visible-light response niobate composite oxide photocatalyst KCuNb3O9 and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a visible-light response niobate composite oxide photocatalyst KCuNb3O9 and a preparation method thereof. A chemical composition formula of the niobate photocatalyst is KCuNb3O9. The invention further discloses the preparation method of the photocatalyst. The preparation method is simple and low in cost; and the prepared photocatalyst has excellent catalysis performance, has an effect of decomposing a harmful chemical substance under visible-light irradiation, is good in stability, and has a good application prospect.

Description

Visible light-responded niobates compound oxide photocatalyst KCuNb 3o 9and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of visible light-responded niobates compound oxide photocatalyst KCuNb ₃o ₉and preparation method thereof, belong to inorganic field of photocatalytic material.

Background technology

Along with socioeconomic development, people more and more pay close attention to for the energy and ecological environment, solve energy shortage and problem of environmental pollution be realize sustainable development, improve people's living standard and safeguard national security in the urgent need to.

From phase late 1970s, there has been proposed and to utilize in photochemical catalyst decomposition water and the organic matter such as agricultural chemicals in air and odorant, and scribble the application example such as self-cleaning of the surface of solids of photochemical catalyst.The principle of light-catalyzed reaction is that photochemical catalyst is after absorbing the photon higher than its band-gap energy, generate hole and electronics, these holes and electronics carry out oxidation reaction and reduction reaction respectively, reach the object of decomposing harmful chemical, organic-biological matter and sterilization.Photochemical catalyst has many kinds, and wherein most representative is titanium dioxide (TiO ₂), titanium dioxide has been utilized to decompose organic matters such as the agricultural chemicals in water and in air and odorants, but the band gap of titanium dioxide is 3.2eV, only under the ultraviolet irradiation shorter than 400nm, just activity can be shown, can only at indoor or the local work having uviol lamp, almost can not utilize visible ray, this limits the use of titanium dioxide optical catalyst greatly.

Consider the practicality of photochemical catalyst in decomposing harmful substances, utilize sunshine to be indispensable as light source.Irradiate maximum to sunshine medium wavelength intensity of visible ray near 500nm on earth's surface, wavelength is the energy of the visible region of 400nm ~ 750nm is approximately 43% of sunshine gross energy, so in order to efficient utilization, the R and D of bismuth series photocatalyst have achieved a series of great achievement, and bismuthous compound is as BiVO ₄, Bi ₂moO ₆, Bi ₂mo ₂o ₉, Bi ₂mo ₃o ₁₂and Bi ₂wO ₄be in the news and there is good absorption under visible light.In addition, a series of niobium (tantalum) hydrochlorate photochemical catalyst is widely studied owing to having higher photocatalytic activity.Such as, niobate photocatalyst Pb ₃nb ₄o ₁₃, BiNbO ₄and Bi ₂mNbO ₇(M=Al, Ga, In, Y, rare earth element or Fe) etc. with niobium potassium compound oxide photocatalyst as KNbO ₃, KNb ₃o ₈, K ₄nb ₆o ₁₇and K ₆nb _10.6o ₃₀deng all there is good photocatalysis performance.

Although photocatalysis research has carried out the several years, but at present report to have visible light-responded niobate photocatalyst kind still very limited, still also exist that light conversion efficiency is low, poor stability and the problem such as spectrum respective range is narrow, so it is very necessary for researching and developing the new visible light-responded efficient niobate photocatalyst that has.Existing document [D. Groult, M. Hervieu, B. Raveau, J. Solid. State. Chem., 1984,53 (2): 184-192.] reports niobates KCuNb ₃o ₉synthesis and structure, but the research had not yet to see about this compounds photocatalysis performance is reported.We are to KCuNb ₃o ₉, KCuTa ₃o ₉, NaCuNb ₃o ₉and NaCuNb ₃o ₉carry out Photocatalytic Performance Study Deng niobium, tantalates, found that KCuNb ₃o ₉there is excellent visible light-responded photocatalysis performance, but the compound of other composition do not have visible light-responded photocatalysis performance.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide and a kind of there is visible light-responded photochemical catalyst KCuNb ₃o ₉and preparation method thereof.

The chemical constitution formula with visible light-responded niobate photocatalyst that the present invention relates to is: KCuNb ₃o ₉.

Preparation method's concrete steps of above-mentioned visible light-responded niobate photocatalyst are:

(1) by 99.9% analytically pure chemical raw material K ₂cO ₃, CuO and Nb ₂o ₅, by KCuNb ₃o ₉chemical formula weigh batching.

(2) raw material mixing step (1) prepared, put into ball grinder, add zirconia ball and absolute ethyl alcohol, ball milling 8 hours, is mixed and finely ground, and takes out and dries, and crosses 200 mesh sieves.

(3) powder step (2) mixed 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C of pre-burnings, and is incubated 6 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, then pulverizes means by ball mill and particle diameter is diminished, lower than 2 μm, namely obtain niobates KCuNb ₃o ₉powder.

Preparation method of the present invention is simple, cost is low, and the photochemical catalyst of preparation has excellent catalytic performance, has the effect of decomposing harmful chemical, organic-biological matter and sterilization under visible light illumination.

Detailed description of the invention

To be specifically described the present invention below:

1, in order to obtain the composite oxides used in the present invention, first use solid-phase synthesis to prepare powder, namely using as the various oxide of raw material or carbonate according to the metering of target constitutional chemistry than mixing, then to synthesize in air atmosphere at ambient pressure.

2, in order to effectively utilize light, the size of the photochemical catalyst in the present invention is preferably in micron level, or even nano particle, and specific area is larger.With oxide powder prepared by solid-phase synthesis, its particle is comparatively large and surface area is less, but can pulverize means by ball mill makes particle diameter diminish.

3, photocatalysis experiment of the present invention is using methyl orange as simulation organic pollution, and its concentration is 20mg/L; Niobate photocatalyst KCuNb ₃o ₉addition be 1g/L; Light source uses the xenon lamp of 300W, the vessel that reactive tank uses pyrex to make, and obtains the light that wavelength is greater than 420nm long wavelength, then irradiate photochemical catalyst by wave filter; Catalysis time is set as 120 minutes.

Embodiment 1:

(1) by 99.9% analytically pure chemical raw material K ₂cO ₃, CuO and Nb ₂o ₅, by KCuNb ₃o ₉chemical formula weigh batching.

(2) raw material mixing step (1) prepared, put into ball grinder, add zirconia ball and absolute ethyl alcohol, ball milling 8 hours, is mixed and finely ground, and takes out and dries, and crosses 200 mesh sieves.

(3) powder step (2) mixed 1000 DEG C of pre-burnings, and is incubated 6 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, then pulverizes means by ball mill and particle diameter is diminished, lower than 2 μm, namely obtain niobates KCuNb ₃o ₉powder.

Prepared photochemical catalyst, under being greater than the radiation of visible light of 420nm, reaches 97.8% to methyl orange clearance in 120 minutes at wavelength.

Embodiment 2:

(1) by 99.9% analytically pure chemical raw material K ₂cO ₃, CuO and Nb ₂o ₅, by KCuNb ₃o ₉chemical formula weigh batching.

(2) raw material mixing step (1) prepared, put into ball grinder, add zirconia ball and absolute ethyl alcohol, ball milling 8 hours, is mixed and finely ground, and takes out and dries, and crosses 200 mesh sieves.

(3) powder step (2) mixed 1030 DEG C of pre-burnings, and is incubated 6 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, then pulverizes means by ball mill and particle diameter is diminished, lower than 2 μm, namely obtain niobates KCuNb ₃o ₉powder.

Prepared photochemical catalyst, under being greater than the radiation of visible light of 420nm, reaches 98.2% to methyl orange clearance in 120 minutes at wavelength.

Embodiment 3:

(1) by 99.9% analytically pure chemical raw material K ₂cO ₃, CuO and Nb ₂o ₅, by KCuNb ₃o ₉chemical formula weigh batching.

(2) raw material mixing step (1) prepared, put into ball grinder, add zirconia ball and absolute ethyl alcohol, ball milling 8 hours, is mixed and finely ground, and takes out and dries, and crosses 200 mesh sieves.

(3) powder step (2) mixed 1050 DEG C of pre-burnings, and is incubated 6 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, then pulverizes means by ball mill and particle diameter is diminished, lower than 2 μm, namely obtain niobates KCuNb ₃o ₉powder.

Prepared photochemical catalyst, be greater than the radiation of visible light of 420nm at wavelength under, 120min reaches 98% to methyl orange clearance.

The present invention is never limited to above embodiment.Bound, the interval value of each temperature can realize the present invention, do not enumerate embodiment at this.

The made photocatalyst powder of above inventive embodiments can be carried on multiple matrix surface.Matrix can be glass, pottery, active carbon or quartz sand etc., and photochemical catalyst can be carried on matrix surface in the form of a film.

Claims (1)

1. niobates is as an application for visible light-responded photochemical catalyst, it is characterized in that the chemical constitution formula of described niobates is: KCuNb ₃o ₉;

Preparation method's concrete steps of described niobates are:

(1) by 99.9% analytically pure chemical raw material K ₂cO ₃, CuO and Nb ₂o ₅, by KCuNb ₃o ₉chemical formula weigh batching;

(2) raw material mixing step (1) prepared, put into ball grinder, add zirconia ball and absolute ethyl alcohol, ball milling 8 hours, is mixed and finely ground, and takes out and dries, and crosses 200 mesh sieves;

(3) powder step (2) mixed 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C of pre-burnings, and is incubated 6 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, then pulverizes means by ball mill and particle diameter is diminished, lower than 2 μm, namely obtain niobates KCuNb ₃o ₉powder.