CN103449504A - Zinc oxide nanodisk/graphene composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Zinc oxide nanodisk/graphene composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of photocatalytic degradation, and discloses a zinc oxide nanodisk and a preparation method thereof as well as a zinc oxide nanodisk/graphene composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps of mixing the zinc oxide nanodisk with a graphene water solution, carrying out ultrasound treatment for 1-3 hours, and filtering in vacuum so as to obtain the zinc oxide nanodisk/graphene composite material. The zinc oxide nanodisk is synthesized through a hydrothermal method; a precursor solution of the zinc oxide nanodisk comprises dimethyl sulfoxide, zinc acetate and distilled water, wherein the volume ratio of the dimethyl sulfoxide to the distilled water is (60-95):(40-5), and the concentration of zinc acetate is 0.005-1mol/L. The composite material prepared by the method not only has the characteristic of high conductivity of the graphene, but also has the function of high-efficiency photocatalytic degradation.
Description
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Technical field
The present invention relates to the photocatalytic degradation field, more specifically, relate to a kind of nanometer zinc oxide disc and preparation thereof and a kind of nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Industrial expansion makes water resources limited on the earth be subject to day by day serious pollution.In water body, find
Organic chemical pollutant kind more than 2000 nearly, the carcinogenic substance of wherein confirming in tap water reaches 20 kinds of left and right, 23 kinds of suspect carcinogen matter, 18 kinds of short cancer materials, 56 kinds of mutagens.Organic pollutant in waste water is in the majority with aromatics and heterogeneous ring compound, more than contain sulfide, nitride, heavy metal and toxic organic compound.High intoxicating and the stench that distributes of high concentrated organic wastewater have had a strong impact on the human health life.
Poisonous, harmful chemical in removal water become an important process of field of Environment Protection.Traditional water treatment method mainly can be divided into physico-chemical process and the large class of biological method two.The former is general, and processing cost is higher, and the latter is not high to the processing efficiency of hardly degraded organic substance.Therefore find efficiently, water conditioning method cheaply, be the vital task that the water treatment worker faces.Photocatalyst, as a kind of " green " technology, because its high-level efficiency and suitability is toxic chemical substance in environment widely elimination fully provide good potentiality.Can degrade under the irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp associated viscera of various organic pollutants of the metal oxide semiconductor of nanostructure is reported.Therefore, recent years, the metal oxide semiconductor nanocatalyst of numerous species, such as Bi
2o
3, Fe
2o
3, TiO
2with ZnO etc., be used to develop into the mankind and created a comfortable environment.
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a kind of nontoxic broad stopband II-VI compounds of group inorganic semiconductor material.Due to the optics of the uniqueness that under nanoscale, it has, acoustics and performance electricity, therefore evoked and studied widely interest.Nano-ZnO has attracted vast researcher with the perfect adaptation of nano material and important conductor oxidate two aspects, emerge in the world many research groups that attach most importance to nano-ZnO, carried out the research work of many relevant ZnO nano materials, since calendar year 2001, published continuously the report of relevant specific form nano-ZnO on Science.Although during the dyestuff in some aqueous solution of photocatalytic degradation, ZnO shows excellent photocatalysis efficiency, but, because the bottleneck of the quick low quantum yield in conjunction with producing in light induced electron and hole, the photocatalysis efficiency that strengthens ZnO is a challenge with the requirement that meets real world applications all the time.Research is arranged at present by adopting and thering is high-conductivity, compound than the carbon material of bigger serface, effectively improve catching and transportcapacity of light induced electron.Yet the report of this respect is still less.Graphene is sp
2the carbon atom monoatomic layer of hydridization, have other excellent properties that excellent electric property and two-dimension plane structure material have, as the high-clarity of huge specific surface area, the formation of monatomic thickness.Therefore ZnO and Graphene is compound, the efficient photocatalysis performance of ZnO and Graphene high-conductivity can be integrated, and effectively prevents the compound of light induced electron and hole, further improves the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation.In addition, the production in enormous quantities of nano material is at present still limiting the development of nano material.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for overcome in prior art can not produce in enormous quantities and Photocatalytic Degradation Process in the easy compound deficiency in light induced electron hole, a kind of nanometer zinc oxide disc with photo-catalysis capability is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material with excellent photocatalytic degradation ability.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is that a kind of preparation method of nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material is provided.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is solved by the following technical programs:
At first invention provides a kind of nanometer zinc oxide disc, it is characterized in that being synthesized and obtaining by hydrothermal method by precursor solution by following, and the precursor solution for preparing nanometer zinc oxide disc is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), zinc acetate and water; Wherein the volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water is 60 ~ 95:40 ~ 5; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.005 ~ 1mol/L.
Preferably, the volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water is 60 ~ 90:40 ~ 10; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.01 ~ 1mol/L.
Preferably, the volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water is 90:10; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.01mol/L.
Preferably, described hydrothermal temperature is 60 ~ 90 ℃; Reaction times is 0.5 ~ 2h.Preferred hydrothermal temperature is 70 ~ 80 ℃, and the reaction times is 1 ~ 2h.
Invention provides a kind of nanometer zinc oxide disc matrix material simultaneously, it is characterized in that being composited by above-mentioned nanometer zinc oxide disc and Graphene.
Preferably, the mass ratio of nanometer zinc oxide disc and Graphene is 1:0.1 ~ 2.
Preparation method as claim 6 or 7 described matrix materials, is characterized in that, by zinc oxide
Nanometer plate is mixed with the Graphene aqueous suspension, ultrasonic 1 ~ 3h, suction filtration and get final product.
Preferably, the mass ratio of nanometer zinc oxide disc and Graphene is 1:1.
Preferably, in described graphene aqueous solution, the concentration of Graphene is 2 ~ 5mg/ml.
Invention provides a kind of preparation method of nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material simultaneously, and the method is: nanometer zinc oxide disc is mixed to ultrasonic 1 ~ 3h, suction filtration and get final product with Graphene water suspension solution;
Described nanometer zinc oxide disc is synthesized and obtains by hydrothermal method by precursor solution, and the precursor solution for preparing nanometer zinc oxide disc is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), zinc acetate and water; Wherein the volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water is 60 ~ 95:40 ~ 5; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.005 ~ 1mol/L.
Above-mentioned inorganic salt are mainly to be used to provide the metallic zinc ion.In order to control the pattern of obtained zinc oxide, the aqueous solution of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (DMSO) is used to do solvent.In addition, DMSO can be used to provide OH in hydrolytic process
-.The matrix material that the present invention prepares, both had the characteristics that the high electricity of Graphene is led, and has again the function of high-level efficiency photocatalytic degradation simultaneously concurrently.
As a kind of preferred version, the volume ratio of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water is 60 ~ 90:40 ~ 10; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.01 ~ 1mol/L.
As a kind of most preferably scheme, the volume ratio of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water is 90:10; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.01mol/L.
As a kind of preferred version, described water is distilled water.
As a kind of preferred version, described hydrothermal temperature is 60 ~ 90 ℃; Reaction times is 0.5 ~ 2h.
As a kind of further preferred version, described hydrothermal temperature is 70 ~ 80 ℃, and the reaction times is
1~2h。
As a kind of most preferably scheme, described hydrothermal temperature is 70 ℃, and the reaction times is 1h.
As a kind of preferred version, described hydro-thermal reaction is to carry out in oil bath.
As a kind of preferred version, the mass ratio of nanometer zinc oxide disc and Graphene is 1:0.1 ~ 2.
As a kind of most preferably scheme, the mass ratio of nanometer zinc oxide disc and Graphene is 1:1.
As a kind of preferred version, in described Graphene aqueous suspension, the concentration of Graphene is 2 ~ 5mg/ml.
As a kind of most preferably scheme, in described Graphene aqueous suspension, the concentration of Graphene is 3mg/ml.
As a kind of preferred version, described graphene solution obtains by improvement Hummer ' s method.In the ice-water bath situation by 15mL concentrated nitric acid, the 60mL vitriol oil and 1.5g Graphite Powder 99 mixing and stirring.Add 9g potassium permanganate to maintain the temperature at 20 ℃ of left and right 5min.Then remove ice-water bath and be heated to 35 ℃ and keep 2h.Then add 420mL water, add 3～4mL hydrogen peroxide to obtain brown solution.Twice of hydrochloric acid soln eccentric cleaning with 20%.Then centrifugal gained powder is made into suspension liquid, then ultrasonic 2h.Then by 10 mg/mL vitamins Cs, the gained solution reduction is become to the Graphene suspension liquid, regulating pH with the 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is 6 ~ 7.
A kind of nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material prepared by above-mentioned preparation method.
The nanometer zinc oxide disc matrix material that the structure of described nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material is flake graphite alkene parcel.
Described nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material combines the high light catalytic performance of nano zinc oxide material and the advantage that the high electricity of Graphene is led.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) preparation method's mild condition of described nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material, operation steps are simple, the reaction required time is short, are applicable to large-scale industrialization production;
(2) current found nano zinc oxide material has higher catalytic efficiency in Photocatalytic Degradation Process, but in catalytic process, light induced electron and hole a large amount of compound indicated the catalytic performance of the nano zinc oxide material space that has greatly improved.To there is Graphene and nanometer zinc oxide disc that high electricity leads in the present invention compound, and by the excellent electric conductivity of Graphene, as the transmission path of light induced electron, greatly reduce compound with hole, thereby effectively increased the photocatalysis performance to organic dye.
The nanometer zinc oxide disc that in the present invention prepared with ordinary method by obtained nanometer zinc oxide disc is compared, and has following gain effect:
Through slaking mechanism, in the present invention, the zinc-oxide nano disk is comprised of the crystal grain of diameter 10-20 nm, and the vesicular structure of intergranule has increased the contact area of tropeolin-D and zinc oxide greatly, has further increased its photocatalytic activity.
The accompanying drawing explanation
X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrogram that Fig. 1 (a) is nanometer zinc oxide disc, the scanning electron microscope that (b, c, d) is nanometer zinc oxide disc under different multiples (SEM) picture.
(a) low power (b) high power SEM picture of Fig. 2 nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material.
Photocatalytic degradation ability to the 100mL 50mg/L methyl orange solution contrast of Fig. 3 20mg nanometer zinc oxide disc/Graphene and nanometer zinc oxide disc.
Embodiment
Further explain the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment does not limit in any form to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Under normal temperature, 0.1mol/L zinc acetate aqueous solution 10mL and 90mLDMSO are mixed to join in the 100mL beaker to stirring reaction 1h under 70 ℃ of oil baths.Take out solution left standstill centrifugal after half an hour, clean with ethanol, distilled water respectively, the gained powder is nanometer zinc oxide disc.Get nanometer zinc oxide disc 20mg in the methyl orange solution of 100mL 50mg/L, stirring reaction 20min in dark enclosed space, reach capacity to guarantee physical adsorption.Then under ultra violet lamp, 2min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 60min, 90min, 120min take out respectively 3mL solution in the black sample hose from solution.Gained solution 10000 is left to heart 5min, get supernatant liquor test ultra-violet absorption spectrum.Obtained nanometer zinc oxide disc is in 99.7% of 120min photocatalytic degradation total amount.
Embodiment 2
Under normal temperature, 0.01mol/L zinc acetate aqueous solution 10mL and 90mL DMSO are mixed to join in the 100mL beaker to stirring reaction 1h under 90 ℃ of oil baths.Take out solution left standstill centrifugal after half an hour, clean with ethanol, distilled water respectively, the gained powder is Zinc oxide nanoparticle.Get Zinc oxide nanoparticle 20mg in the methyl orange solution of 100mL 50mg/L, stirring reaction 20min in dark enclosed space, reach capacity to guarantee physical adsorption.Then under ultra violet lamp, 2min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 60min, 90min, 120min take out respectively 3mL solution in the black sample hose from solution.Gained solution 10000 is left to heart 5min, get supernatant liquor test ultra-violet absorption spectrum.Obtained Zinc oxide nanoparticle is in 89% of 120min photocatalytic degradation total amount.
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Embodiment 3
In the ice-water bath situation by 15mL concentrated nitric acid, the 60mL vitriol oil and 1.5g Graphite Powder 99 mixing and stirring.Add 9g potassium permanganate to maintain the temperature at 20 ℃ of left and right 5min.Then remove ice-water bath and be heated to 35 ℃ and keep 2h.Then add 420mL water, add 3 ~ 4mL hydrogen peroxide to obtain brown solution.Twice of hydrochloric acid soln eccentric cleaning with 20%.Then centrifugal gained powder is made into the aqueous solution, then ultrasonic 2h.Then by 10 mg/mL vitamins Cs, the gained solution reduction is become to graphene solution, regulating pH with the 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is 6 ~ 7.Regulating graphene solution concentration is 3mg/mL.
Under normal temperature, 0.1mol/L zinc acetate aqueous solution 10mL and 90mLDMSO are mixed to join in the 100mL beaker to stirring reaction 1h under 70 ℃ of oil baths.Take out solution left standstill centrifugal after half an hour, clean with ethanol, distilled water respectively, the gained powder is nanometer zinc oxide disc (as shown in Figure 1).Obtained powder 30mg is joined in the 10mL graphene solution, and ultrasonic 2h, use the filtering membrane suction filtration of 0.2 μ m subsequently.
By aforesaid method, obtain nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material (as shown in Figure 2).Get matrix material 20mg in the methyl orange solution of 100mL 50mg/L, stirring reaction 20min in dark enclosed space, reach capacity to guarantee physical adsorption.Then under ultra violet lamp, 2min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 60min, 90min, 120min take out respectively 3mL solution in the black sample hose from solution.Gained solution 10000 is left to heart 5min, get supernatant liquor test ultra-violet absorption spectrum.As a comparison, 20mg zinc-oxide nano disk carries out the photochemical catalysis test under the same conditions.As shown in Figure 3, significantly, obtained nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material is at 20min photo-catalytic degradation of methyl-orange 99%, complete catalyzed degradation during 30min for result.Than nanometer zinc oxide disc, in 120min photocatalytic degradation 99.7% catalytic efficiency, greatly improve.
Embodiment 4
In the ice-water bath situation by 15mL concentrated nitric acid, the 60mL vitriol oil and 1.5g Graphite Powder 99 mixing and stirring.Add 9g potassium permanganate to maintain the temperature at 20 ℃ of left and right 5min.Then remove ice-water bath and be heated to 35 ℃ and keep 2h.Then add 420mL water, add 3 ~ 4mL hydrogen peroxide to obtain brown solution.Twice of hydrochloric acid soln eccentric cleaning with 20%.Then centrifugal gained powder is made into the aqueous solution, then ultrasonic 2h.Then by 10 mg/mL vitamins Cs, the gained solution reduction is become to graphene solution, regulating pH with the 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is 6 ~ 7.Regulating graphene solution concentration is 1mg/mL.
Under normal temperature, 0.01mol/L zinc acetate aqueous solution 10mL and 90mLDMSO are mixed to join in the 100mL beaker to stirring reaction 1h under 90 ℃ of oil baths.Take out solution left standstill centrifugal after half an hour, clean with ethanol, distilled water respectively, the gained powder is Zinc oxide nanoparticle.Obtained powder 30mg is joined in the 10mL graphene solution, and ultrasonic 3h, use the filtering membrane suction filtration of 0.2 μ m subsequently.
By aforesaid method, obtain Zinc oxide nanoparticle/graphene composite material.Get matrix material 20mg in the methyl orange solution of 100mL 50mg/L, stirring reaction 20min in dark enclosed space, reach capacity to guarantee physical adsorption.Then under ultra violet lamp, 2min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 60min, 90min, 120min take out respectively 3mL solution in the black sample hose from solution.Gained solution 10000 is left to heart 5min, get supernatant liquor test ultra-violet absorption spectrum.As a comparison, the 20mg Zinc oxide nanoparticle carries out the photochemical catalysis test under the same conditions.Obtained nanometer zinc oxide disc/graphene composite material is at 120min photo-catalytic degradation of methyl-orange 93%.
Claims (10)
1. a nanometer zinc oxide disc, is characterized in that being synthesized and obtaining by hydrothermal method by precursor solution by following, and the precursor solution for preparing nanometer zinc oxide disc is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), zinc acetate and water; Wherein the volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water is 60 ~ 95:40 ~ 5; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.005 ~ 1mol/L.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water
Than being 60 ~ 90:40 ~ 10; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.01 ~ 1mol/L.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water
Than being 90:10; The acetic acid zinc concentration is 0.01mol/L.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described hydrothermal temperature is
60 ~ 90 ℃; Reaction times is 0.5 ~ 2h.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described hydrothermal temperature is
70 ~ 80 ℃, the reaction times is 1 ~ 2h.
6. a nanometer zinc oxide disc matrix material, is characterized in that being composited by nanometer zinc oxide disc as claimed in claim 1 and Graphene.
7. matrix material according to claim 6, is characterized in that, nanometer zinc oxide disc and Graphene
Mass ratio be 1:0.1 ~ 2.
8. as the preparation method of claim 6 or 7 described matrix materials, it is characterized in that, by zinc oxide
Nanometer plate is mixed with the Graphene aqueous suspension, ultrasonic 1 ~ 3h, suction filtration and get final product.
9. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, nanometer zinc oxide disc and Graphene
Mass ratio be 1:1.
10. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, stone in described graphene aqueous solution
The concentration of China ink alkene is 2 ~ 5mg/ml.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104069807A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-01 | 北京师范大学 | Preparation method and application of ZnO nano particle/graphene oxide composite material |
| CN104229777A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-12-24 | 淮海工学院 | Green reduction preparation method of self-supporting reduced graphene oxide thin film |
| CN105129778A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-09 | 上海工程技术大学 | Preparation method of nano ZnO/graphene composite material |
| CN105369341A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-02 | 淮北师范大学 | Method used for preparing uniform large single-orientation ZnO hexagonal micro disk |
| CN105645458A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-08 | 浙江师范大学 | Monodisperse ZnO micro/nano material, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106135203A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-23 | 温州生物材料与工程研究所 | A kind of Graphene parcel nano zine oxide hetero-junctions anti-biotic material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018176259A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | 青岛科技大学 | Nano composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108993467A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-14 | 江苏仁净环保科技有限公司 | A kind of nano-photocatalyst and preparation method and application for sewage treatment |
| CN109806857A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-28 | 重庆大学 | A kind of nano zinc oxide photocatalysis composite material and preparation method |
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| CN104229777A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-12-24 | 淮海工学院 | Green reduction preparation method of self-supporting reduced graphene oxide thin film |
| CN104069807A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-01 | 北京师范大学 | Preparation method and application of ZnO nano particle/graphene oxide composite material |
| CN105129778A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-09 | 上海工程技术大学 | Preparation method of nano ZnO/graphene composite material |
| CN105369341A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-02 | 淮北师范大学 | Method used for preparing uniform large single-orientation ZnO hexagonal micro disk |
| CN105645458A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-08 | 浙江师范大学 | Monodisperse ZnO micro/nano material, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106135203A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-23 | 温州生物材料与工程研究所 | A kind of Graphene parcel nano zine oxide hetero-junctions anti-biotic material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018176259A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | 青岛科技大学 | Nano composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108993467A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-14 | 江苏仁净环保科技有限公司 | A kind of nano-photocatalyst and preparation method and application for sewage treatment |
| CN109806857A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-28 | 重庆大学 | A kind of nano zinc oxide photocatalysis composite material and preparation method |
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