CN103439189B - A kind of rock Biaxial Compression mesoscale experiments device under stress-current-chemical Coupling - Google Patents
A kind of rock Biaxial Compression mesoscale experiments device under stress-current-chemical Coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103439189B CN103439189B CN201310368432.3A CN201310368432A CN103439189B CN 103439189 B CN103439189 B CN 103439189B CN 201310368432 A CN201310368432 A CN 201310368432A CN 103439189 B CN103439189 B CN 103439189B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to rock mesoscale experiments device, particularly the rock Biaxial Compression mesoscale experiments device under a kind of stress-current-chemical Coupling, belong to instrument and equipment class.The present invention adopts to be additionally arranged in assay device and laterally loads axle, improve the load mode of uniaxial compression in existing assay device, box body is additionally arranged vertical partition plate, box body is divided into independent two parts, and a part is tested as experimental cabin, and a part is as the lateral work chamber loaded, water inlet and outlet and experimental cabin are supporting, can be controlled it and form stationary flow, set up horizontal adjustment bolt adjustable cassette height, it is ensured that box body is in level all the time.This device can realize rock sample Biaxial Compression is loaded, control chemical solution flow velocity, biaxial compression test to rock when to realize different chemical solution effects, assay device is reasonable in design, easy for operation, it is adaptable to the biaxial compression test of the stress-current-chemical Coupling of each rocks.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mesoscale experiments device, be specifically related to rectangle rock mass twin shaft and carefully see compression test, particularly the rock Biaxial Compression mesoscale experiments device under a kind of stress-current-chemical Coupling, belong to instrument and equipment class.
Background technology
When stress-current-chemical Coupling, the vandalism research of fissure rock is one of problem of International Rock mechanics field forefront, it is one of the most basic research problem of numerous rock engineerings such as nuke rubbish underground disposal, underground energy storage, carbon dioxide underground storage, geothermal exploitation, oil exploitation, the dam foundation, side slope, chamber, there is highly important scientific meaning.In many influence factors of rock engineering safety, water is a most active factor.Rock And Soil is by after water chemistry solution corrosion function, connect between mineral grain owing to water-rock effect weakens or corrode mineral grain lattice and make Rock And Soil physico-mechanical properties make a variation, corrosion material is taken away by aqueous solution by corrosion Rock And Soil simultaneously, Rock And Soil character is made to be deteriorated, engineering accident even occurs, produces to threaten to the long-time stability of Geotechnical Engineering.Actually, there is many cracks in jointed rock mass, in many situations water chemistry solution on the corrosion failure of rock mass from rock mass initiating structure face and initial damage: the safety of crack (joint) rock mass also tends to be subject to the coupling impact of chemistry, current, stress.In nature, in most cases, rock is in triaxial compressions state.Under some particular cases, it may appear that plane stress state, i.e. twin shaft stress.Biaxial Compression is a kind of typical stress state in nature, and the border Ru Ding of underground chamber, base plate and side wall are usually in Biaxial Compression stress field.Underground engineering rock mass is generally in stress state and certain pore pressure of three-dimensional not grade, and under the effect of Engineering Disturbance, rock mass state is typically due to become more complicated as added the effect of unloading.
Therefore, rock fracture germinating under research complex stress, fluid pressure and chemical coupling effect, extension, the through and internal injury evolutionary process that interacts and rule, the corrosion cracking mechanisms under chemical environment, the adsorption being formed with being newly formed in crack chemical substance in new crack and occur speed etc. to have even more important and scientific meaning widely.
Since the essence of water-rock effect is to make Rock And Soil physico-mechanical properties make a variation by connection between weakening mineral grain or corrosion mineral grain lattice, corrosion material is taken away by aqueous solution by corrosion Rock And Soil simultaneously, makes Rock And Soil character be deteriorated.Accordingly, it would be desirable to adopt fine observation mechanical test method, disclose under this stress, current, chemical coupling effect its internal injury Evolution in rock failure process.Chinese scholars has also carried out deep research work in stress-current-chemical Coupling, and the achievement in research of forefathers also relates to mechanism and the analysis technique study thereof that under complex stress, water pressure and chemical Coupling, rock fracture is destroyed, but not comprehensive.China Patent Publication No. CN1603784A, publication date on April 6th, 2005, denomination of invention is (the Rock Under Uniaxial Compression compression meso-mechanical experiment device of stress-current-chemical Coupling), the technical scheme of this application case pertains only to stress-current-chemical Coupling problem that Rock Under Uniaxial Compression compression is lower, and test is difficult to explanation complicated field stress and has the failure mechanism of crack rock under solution corrosion environment.China Patent Publication No. CN1619294A, publication date on May 25th, 2005, denomination of invention is (under stress-current-chemical Coupling rock failure process mesomechanics loading system), this mesomechanics loading system can realize rock failure process experiment when single shaft, but not yet it is fully solved under complex stress, fluid matasomatism and chemical attack three's coupling, rock fracture germinating, extension, the through and study mechanism problem of damage development process and rock rupture rule that interacts.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned existing problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Biaxial Compression fine observation mechanical test device considering rock failure process under stress-current-chemical Coupling, test can consider the impact of different chemical solution flow rate, different stress condition (as adding the different stress paths such as unloading) and different fluid effect.Can be realized breaking with precrack rectangle rock sample under Biaxial Compression state the observation of overall process and record.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
nullA kind of fine observation mechanical test device of the rock biaxial loading of stress-current-chemical Coupling，Including box body and the symmetrical axially loaded axle being opened on box body two side coaxial circular aperture and being movably placed in coaxial circular aperture respectively，It is arranged on the water inlet on box body and outlet，It is provided with vertical partition plate in described box body，Vertical partition plate is parallel to two end faces of box body，Vertical partition plate has circular hole，One end face of box body is assembling type，The fixing end face inwall of box body is fixedly installed reaction plate，Jack is fixed in the space being placed in dividing plate and the formation of face, connection terminal，The lateral axle that loads is movably placed in the circular hole of vertical partition plate，The axis of jack、Lateral loading axle is coaxial with the centrage of reaction plate，On the two side in the fixing end face of box body and vertical partition plate composition space, symmetry has coaxial circular aperture，Axially loaded axle is movably placed in coaxial circular aperture，This space is fixedly installed sample bench，Sample bench is centrally located on the vertical line of the intersection point of the axis of two side circular hole and the axis of jack and reaction plate，Bottom symmetrical at box body is provided with horizontal adjustment bolt.
Described water inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on the fixing end face of box body and a sidewall in vertical partition plate composition space, and outlet is positioned at above water inlet.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, the present invention adopts to be additionally arranged in assay device and laterally loads axle, improve the load mode of uniaxial compression in existing assay device, box body is additionally arranged vertical partition plate, box body is divided into independent two parts, a part is tested as experimental cabin, a part is supporting as the lateral work chamber loaded, water inlet and outlet and experimental cabin, can control it and form stationary flow, horizontal adjustment bolt adjustable cassette height, it is ensured that box body is in level all the time.
The present invention has the advantage that and has the active effect that
1 device can realize sample Biaxial Compression is loaded, control chemical solution flow velocity, biaxial compression test to rock when to realize different chemical solution effects, the rock twin shaft meso-mechanical experiment needs on the impact of rock failure mechanism of rock overall process under different chemical solution, different in flow rate, different loading environment can be met, Biaxial stress can truly simulate the stress state of the border Ru Ding of underground chamber, base plate and side wall, and the failure mechanism for studying these positions provides foundation；
2 devices are arranged above open, it is simple to test specimen destroys overall process and carries out thin sight and macroscopic view observation or video record；
3 devices are easy in process of the test multiple crackles (different length, direction, arrangement mode) on rectangular specimen surface are germinated, extend, extend overall process carries out micro-amplification and observes with the CCD whole audience.For carefully seeing, macroscopic view observation, record this change research technique is provided, provide foundation for different chemical solution, different confined pressures and axially different load to the theory analysis of rock failure mechanism of rock effect.
4 devices are high-level nuclear waste disposal, geothermal exploitation, carbon dioxide geologic sequestration, shale gas exploitation, Geotechnical Engineering estimation of stability etc. needs to consider the Geotechnical Engineering that the rock failure mechanism of rock is affected by different chemical solution corrosion effect and axially different load combined effect, it is provided that research technique reliably.
5 assay devices of the present invention are reasonable in design, easy for operation, it is adaptable to the biaxial compression test of the stress-current-chemical Coupling of all kinds of rock samples.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
It is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing structure to the present invention and operation principle, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2:
A kind of fine observation mechanical test device of the rock biaxial loading of stress-current-chemical Coupling, this assay device and China Patent Publication No. CN1619294A, publication date on May 25th, 2005, denomination of invention be (under stress-current-chemical Coupling rock failure process mesomechanics loading system) with the use of, assay device by box body 9, vertical partition plate, sample bench 2, reaction plate 3, axially loaded axle 4, lateral load axle 5, lateral jack 6, horizontal adjustment bolt 10 form.Vertical partition plate is arranged in box body 9, it is parallel to two end faces of box body 9, vertical partition plate has circular hole, one end face of box body 9 is assembling type, can adopting and box body 9 main body bolt connecting mode, effect is in that to facilitate the installation of lateral jack 6, and reaction plate 3 was fixed on the fixing end face inwall of box body 9 before on-test, load transducer is set simultaneously on reaction plate 3, it is simple to the lateral data loaded of record.In the fixing space being placed in dividing plate and the formation of face, connection terminal of lateral jack 6, the lateral axle 5 that loads is movably placed in the circular hole of vertical partition plate, the axis of lateral jack 6, lateral loading axle 5 are coaxial with the centrage of reaction plate 3, and coplanar with round hole axial on two side, it is ensured that sample Biaxial stress in the same plane in carry out.On the two side in the fixing end face of box body 9 and vertical partition plate composition space, symmetry has coaxial circular aperture, axially loaded axle 4 is cylinder, it is movably placed in coaxial circular aperture, diameter and circular hole match, this axially loaded axle 4 is as loading force-transmitting pole, it is connected with the servo-control system in rock failure process mesomechanics loading system under stress-current-chemical Coupling, and require the diameter length more than cuboid test specimen 1 cross section diagonal of its cross section, axially loaded axle 4, lateral loading seals with " O " RunddichtringO between axle 5 and box body 9, ensure axially loaded axle 4, the lateral axle 5 that loads fully seals with sidewall in stress with power transmission process, do not cause oozing out of solution in box body 9.The fixing end face of box body 9 and vertical partition plate composition space are fixedly installed sample bench 2, sample bench 2 is centrally located on the vertical line of the intersection point of the axis of two side circular hole and the axis of lateral jack 6 and reaction plate 3, sample bench 2 depends highly on the thickness of sample 1 in required test, it is ensured that the centrage of sample 1 and axially loaded axle 4, the lateral axis co-planar loading axle 5.During test, being positioned on sample bench 2 by sample 1, cushion block is positioned over sample 1 both sides, utilizes loading equipemtn to exert a force, and clamping cushion block makes sample 1 not move again.The corner, bottom of box body 9 is arranged with horizontal adjustment bolt 10, for regulating the height of whole box body 9, it is ensured that in box body 9, the loading surface of sample 1 is with axially loaded axle 4, laterally loading axle 5 is vertical, it is to avoid the situation of unbalance stress occur.
Described water inlet 7 and outlet 8 are respectively arranged on the fixing end face of box body 9 and a sidewall in vertical partition plate composition space, outlet 8 is positioned at above water inlet 7, in water inlet 7, water nozzle is connected with water pump by controlling valve through water pipe, it is placed in the container claiming there is chemical solution, water inlet 7 for providing chemical solution or other liquid in box body 9, for the amount of liquid controlling in box body 9 or for forming stationary flow offer condition, in outlet 8, water nozzle is connected with water pipe, is also put in this container to control valve.
In open shape above box body 9, it is simple to the cracks can spread overall process of surface of test piece is carried out micro-amplification by process of the test and observes and record with the CCD whole audience.The destructive process of a certain partial points of test specimen can be carried out monitored over time and record by microscope, the destructive process of whole test specimen can be carried out whole audience scanning observational record with CCD shooting.
Present invention applying step in rock fine observation mechanical test:
The 1 rock failure process mesomechanics loading system assembling stress-current-chemical Coupling.
2 place lateral jack 6, open face, box body 9 connection terminal screwing, are taken off in face, box body 9 connection terminal, it is movably placed in laterally loading axle 5 in this circular hole, and lateral jack 6 is put into box body 9, will laterally load axle 5 and be connected with lateral jack 6, now screw is screwed on, fix this end face.
3 fixing reaction plates 3, are fixed on the fixing end face inwall of box body 9 by reaction plate 3, and constantly acting load sensor is on reaction plate 3 simultaneously, it is simple to the lateral data loaded of record.
4 place box body 9, are positioned in mesomechanics loading system by box body 9, and axially loaded axle 4 is connected with the servosystem of the rock failure process mesomechanics loading system of stress-current-chemical Coupling.
5 fixing sample bench 2, are fixed on sample bench 2 in the middle of the axially loaded axle 4 of box body 9, lateral loading axle 5, it is ensured that sample bench 2 is centrally located on the vertical line of the intersection point of the axis of two side circular hole and the axis of lateral jack 6 and reaction plate 3.
6 place samples 1, be put on the sample bench 2 in box body 9 by sample 1, cushion block is placed on sample bench 2 relevant position, sample 1 both sides, with lateral jack 6 force clamping sample, then control servosystem force again and clamp sample 1.
7 inject solution, in water inlet 7, water nozzle is connected with water pump by controlling valve through water pipe, it is placed in the container claiming there is chemical solution, water pump adds, by water inlet 7, the chemical solution that test needs in box body 9, when in outlet 8, water nozzle and water pipe are connected to solution outflow, closing control valve (or calculate required flow rate, adjust pump capacity).
8 load, and with lateral jack 6, rock sample are applied uniform pressure with servosystem, and suffered power is then passed to sample by axially loaded axle 4, the lateral axle 5 that loads, and carries out the Biaxial Compression rock mechanics experiment under chemical attack.Device can control different liquids flow velocity, selects different chemical solution and consider that under different tandem-axle load combined effect, the destructive process of rock sample, mode also have corresponding change.The purpose of this device exactly for carefully sight, macroscopic observation, record this change research technique be provided, for different chemical solution, different in flow rate and different bidirectional load to rock failure mechanism of rock effect.
Claims (2)
- null1. the fine observation mechanical test device of the rock biaxial loading of stress-current-chemical Coupling，The coaxial circular aperture on box body (9) two side and the axially loaded axle (4) being movably placed in coaxial circular aperture respectively it is opened in including box body (9) and symmetry，It is arranged on the water inlet (7) on box body and outlet (8)，It is characterized in that: described box body is provided with vertical partition plate in (9)，Vertical partition plate is parallel to two end faces of box body (9)，Vertical partition plate has circular hole，One end face of box body (9) is assembling type，The fixing end face inwall of box body (9) is fixedly installed reaction plate (3)，In the fixing space being placed in dividing plate and the formation of face, connection terminal of lateral jack (6)，Laterally load axle (5) to be movably placed in the circular hole of vertical partition plate，The axis of lateral jack (6)、Laterally load axle (5) coaxial with the centrage of reaction plate (3)，On the two side in the fixing end face of box body (9) and vertical partition plate composition space, symmetry has coaxial circular aperture，Axially loaded axle (4) is movably placed in coaxial circular aperture，The space of the fixing end face of box body and vertical partition plate composition is fixedly installed sample bench (2)，Sample bench (2) is centrally located on the vertical line of the intersection point of the axis of two side circular hole and the axis of lateral jack (6) and reaction plate (3)，Bottom symmetrical at box body (9) is provided with horizontal adjustment bolt (10).
- 2. the fine observation mechanical test device of the rock biaxial loading of a kind of stress-current-chemical Coupling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water inlet (7) and outlet (8) are respectively arranged on the fixing end face of box body (9) and a sidewall in vertical partition plate composition space, and outlet (8) is positioned at water inlet (7) top.
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| CN201310368432.3A CN103439189B (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2013-08-22 | A kind of rock Biaxial Compression mesoscale experiments device under stress-current-chemical Coupling |
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