CN103436906B - A kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system and using method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103436906B CN103436906B CN201310379481.7A CN201310379481A CN103436906B CN 103436906 B CN103436906 B CN 103436906B CN 201310379481 A CN201310379481 A CN 201310379481A CN 103436906 B CN103436906 B CN 103436906B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system, including: beam condensing unit, light-dividing device, photovoltaic and photothermal integral device, heat exchange pipeline, water tank, electrolysis unit, hydrogen water separation device；Described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device includes photovoltaic module, collecting plate, heat pipe；Described electrolysis unit includes electrolysis bath and forms the electrolysis waterpipe of closed circuit with electrolysis bath.Present invention also offers the using method of a kind of described photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system.Compared with prior art, the significantly more efficient overall utilization ratio that improve solar energy.The effect of heat pipe heat exchanging improves the efficiency 10～15% of electrolytic hydrogen production by effectively reducing the temperature of photovoltaic module, electrolysis water and hot-water heating system heat exchange, improves the temperature of electrolysis water, so that the electrolytic hydrogen production efficiency of system improves 5～7%.The overall hydrogen production efficiency of system improves can reach about 20%, and the thermal efficiency is up to more than 60% simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system and using method thereof, belong to solar energy and hydrogen
Aspect can be comprehensively utilized, be specifically related to a kind of light-focusing type photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system and using method thereof.
Background technology
Hydrogen Energy, as a kind of important raw material of industry and combustion adjuvant reducing agent, has been obtained for industry in a lot of places
Application.Its most not only efficiency the highest, calorific value is big, and last product is that water is the most any to environment
Pollute, be generally considered very important clean energy resource.And solar energy electrolytic hydrogen production is sent out by photovoltaic
Electricity the technology of electrolytic hydrogen production, by discontinuous, the solar energy that energy density is low is converted into high density, can store up continuously
The Hydrogen Energy deposited.System puts into and output is all clear energy sources, provides one very well for solving the energy and environmental crisis
Direction.
But it is the most to there is power consumption in solar energy electrolytic hydrogen production, and cost is higher, and production efficiency ratio is relatively low
Problem.Currently in order to reduce cost generally use light condensing technology.But the raising of focusing ratio is by photovoltaic module temperature
The restriction of the degree upper limit, the raising of focusing ratio simultaneously makes the temperature of photovoltaic module raise rapidly, reduces photovoltaic group
The electric output characteristics of part, the photoelectric transformation efficiency causing photovoltaic module overall declines.And cause the former of this part
Visible ray can only be carried out opto-electronic conversion because significant portion is because solaode, and major part infrared light district
Heat substantially increases the temperature of solar panel.In the photothermal integrated gasifying device of conventional photovoltaic, can be by cold
But the temperature using reduction system battery plate of medium.But for water heat exchange, system is in order to obtain photoelectricity
Efficiency and to compare the highest water temperature be conflict simultaneously, this has resulted in and has often made to obtain more preferable cooling effect
Become to obtain hot water water temperature inadequate.
It addition, in PEM electrolyzer electrolytic hydrogen production process, electricity loss of energy is mainly by the mistake of yin, yang electrode
The resistance of electromotive force and PEM determines.The rising of electrolysis water temperature can reduce electric energy and dissipate, thus improves electric energy and turn
Change the efficiency of Hydrogen Energy.But the simple electrolysis coolant-temperature gage that improves needs additional heater.Also need to outside volume
Outer extra power consumption.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system and its user of a kind of light splitting type
Method, with the problems of the prior art solved, the temperature of very effective reduction cell panel, improves electrolysis
The inlet temperature of water, overcomes traditional photovoltaic electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency low, the problem that cost is higher, the most originally
Invention can fully realize the utilization of spectrum complete for solar energy so that system is met the hot water of user's request
Water temperature.The photovoltaic electrolysis hydrogen generating system efficiency of the present invention can effectively reduce cost and improve hydrogen production efficiency, and
The good thermal efficiency can be obtained, greatly increase the overall utilization to solar energy simultaneously.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides techniques below scheme:
1) a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system, including:
A. beam condensing unit, for by solar energy collecting；
B. light-dividing device, it is arranged at the optically focused focal point of described beam condensing unit, can for being divided into by incident light source
See light part and infrared portions,
C. thermal-collecting tube, it is arranged between described beam condensing unit and described light-dividing device, is used for accepting light-dividing device
The described infrared portions of reflection；
D. photovoltaic and photothermal integral device, it is arranged at light-dividing device downstream, for accepting from light-dividing device
The visible light part of projection；Described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device includes from illumination side successively:
I. photovoltaic module, for receiving the described visible light part from described light-dividing device, and will
It is converted into direct current energy；
Ii. collecting plate, it is fitted with photovoltaic module, is freed from photovoltaic module for collection and accepts light
According to and send out heat energy thermogenetic；
Iii. heat pipe, itself and collecting plate laminating, described heat pipe is for collecting acceptance from collecting plate
Heat energy；
Iv. heat-insulation material, its be wrapped in photovoltaic and photothermal integral device accept illumination side with
The outside of outer part, for preventing the heat of described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device to scatter and disappear；
E. the first heat exchange pipeline, it is arranged in the condensation segment of described heat pipe, and described first heat exchange pipeline is with described
Heat pipe carries out heat exchange, collects the heat from heat pipe condenser section；
F. the first water tank, it is connected with the first heat exchange pipeline, for providing water source for described first heat exchange pipeline,
And accept the water after heat exchange from the first heat exchange pipeline；
G. the second water tank, it is connected with thermal-collecting tube by the second heat exchange pipeline, accept in the second heat exchange pipeline and
Water after thermal-collecting tube heat exchange；
H. communicating pipe, the first water tank and the second water tank are connected, when the second Water in Water Tanks temperature rises to second by it
After target temperature, water relatively low for temperature in the first water tank is passed in the second water tank；
I. electrolysis unit, it includes
Electrolysis bath and the electrolysis waterpipe with electrolysis bath formation closed circuit, described electrolysis waterpipe is for for electric
Solving groove and provide electrolysis water, described electrolysis waterpipe is arranged in described second water tank and is immersed in described second water tank
Water in, with the abundant heat exchange of water in described second water tank；Described electrolysis bath is connected with photovoltaic module, accepts
The direct current energy produced from photovoltaic module, and carry out electricity to from the electrolysis water after heat exchange in electrolysis water pipe
Solve, thus obtain hydrogen.
Kind light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal in the present invention is combined in hydrogen generating system, and described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device also may be used
Including the glass for protecting photovoltaic module 18, it is arranged between described photovoltaic module and described light-dividing device,
And fit with described photovoltaic module.
Described heat pipe generally comprises evaporator section and condensation segment, and evaporator section is used for absorbing heat, and condensation segment is used for putting
Heat.Therefore, described heat exchange pipeline is arranged at the condensation segment of described heat pipe, condenses from described heat pipe for acceptance
Section liberated heat.Because the energy that light-focusing type electricity generation system unit are accepts is far longer than flat.Heat
The medium of pipe selects a higher evaporating temperature to be advisable, and can select water here.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, described photovoltaic module selects city
The monocrystal silicon of the commercializations existed in a large number on face and polysilicon solar cell plate.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, the selection of described collecting plate does not has
Any restriction, optional conventional aluminium sheet.Collecting plate preferably employs tube-sheet type structure and combines, and enters heat energy simultaneously
Row Collection utilization.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, described heat exchange pipeline can be set to
Coiled or coiled.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, described thermal-collecting tube selects commercially available
Vacuum heat collection pipe.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, described light-dividing device uses and selects
Property through film lay face glass.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, described first water tank and the second water
Case uses heat insulation preferable heat-storing device composition.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, the water circulation of described first water tank
Pipeline can drive with water pump, forms forced-convection heat transfer with heat pipe condenser section.Second water tank preferably employs nature pair
Stream heat exchange, so can reduce cost.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, described first water tank and the second water
Connecting tube is used to connect between case.
In a kind of light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention, the electrolysis of described electrolyzer system
Slot device uses high pressure-bearing gas tank.
2) the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal in the present invention combines the 1st of hydrogen generating system) in an embodiment in item,
Described photovoltaic electrolysis hydrogen generating system also includes:
J. hydrogen water separation device, it is connected with electrolysis bath, for accepting the hydrogen obtained in electrolysis bath through electrolysis
Gas, and the steam in described hydrogen is separated, obtain the hydrogen of purification.
3) the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal in the present invention combines the 2nd of hydrogen generating system) in an embodiment in item,
Described photovoltaic electrolysis hydrogen generating system also includes:
K. exsiccator, it is connected with hydrogen water separation device, for carrying out from the hydrogen in hydrogen water separation device
Dried.
4) the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal in the present invention combines the 3rd of hydrogen generating system) in an embodiment in item,
Described photovoltaic electrolysis hydrogen generating system also includes:
M. hydrogen gas storage device, it is connected with exsiccator, for accepting the hydrogen processed from exsiccator,
And store.
5) the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal in the present invention combines the 1st of hydrogen generating system)-the 4) in any one in item
In one embodiment, described heat pipe is selected from gravity assisted heat pipe or siphon heat pipe, and described heat pipe uses pancake
Shape designs.
6) the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal in the present invention combines the 1st of hydrogen generating system)-the 5) in any one in item
In one embodiment, described light-dividing device is to pass through wavelength at the light selectivity of 350 to 1100 nanometers
Film.
7) the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal in the present invention combines the 1st of hydrogen generating system)-the 6) in any one in item
In one embodiment, described photovoltaic hydrogen generating system farther includes fuel cell, and it is with hydrogen gas storage device even
Connect.
8) the 1st of the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention)-the 7) in any one in item one
In individual embodiment, described heat exchange pipeline is snakelike heat exchange tube road, U-shaped heat exchange pipeline or coiled heat exchange pipeline.
In order to be able to reach optimal heat transfer effect, preferably snakelike heat exchange tube road.
9) the 1st of the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention)-the 8) in any one in item one
In individual embodiment, the electrolysis bath in described electrolysis unit is PEM electrolyzer.
10) the 1st of the light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention)-the 9) in any one in item
In one embodiment, described electrolysis waterpipe is snakelike electrolysis waterpipe, U-shaped electrolysis waterpipe or coiled
Electrolysis waterpipe, the most snakelike electrolysis waterpipe.
11) the 1st of the present invention)-the 10) use of photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system described in any one in item
Method, including:
Sunlight is converged on described light-dividing device through beam condensing unit, it is seen that the light in light district is filled by light splitting
Putting and project on described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device, a portion visible ray is absorbed by photovoltaic module, passes through
Opto-electronic conversion is converted into electric energy；Then electric energy photovoltaic changed as the energy source of electrolytic tank electrolysis hydrogen manufacturing,
The hydrogen obtained by water electrolysis by electrolysis bath and the mixture of water, separate dress by the mixture obtained through hydrogen water
Put with exsiccator after, be finally stored in hydrogen gas storage device；
And the heat quilt of another part visible ray not absorbed by photovoltaic module in photovoltaic and photothermal integral device
Collecting plate absorbs, and arrives heat pipe from collecting plate by the way of heat conduction, and the heat energy in heat pipe is by with first subsequently
The water heat exchange of heat exchange pipeline is only absorbed by the water, and the water absorbing heat is back to the first water tank by the first heat exchange pipeline
In store；
On the other hand, the light in the infrared light district of light-dividing device reflection is absorbed by vacuum heat collection pipe, and thermal-collecting tube absorbs
Heat transfer heat to the water in described second heat exchange pipeline by the second heat exchange pipeline, the most described second
Water in heat exchange pipeline is back in the second water tank store.
It addition, in a preferred implementation of said method, described water out after electrolysis bath circulates
Obtain water with hydrogen water separation device and enter the electrolysis waterpipe being arranged in the second water tank, heat exchange in the second water tank
After be re-fed in electrolysis bath, by improve electrolysis bath electrolysis water water temperature improve electrolytic efficiency.
12) in the 11 of the present invention) in an embodiment of using method described in item, described method also includes:
By setting first object temperature at the first water tank, when in the first water tank, temperature has exceeded described first object temperature
Rear introducing cold water, and the water in the first water tank is incorporated in the second water tank.
13) in the 11 of the present invention) or the 12nd) in an embodiment of using method described in item, described
Method also includes: set the second target temperature on the second water tank, when the second Water in Water Tanks temperature rises to the second mesh
After mark temperature, water relatively low for temperature in the first water tank is passed in the second water tank, wherein the second target temperature
Higher than first object temperature.
The main operational principle of the present invention may be as follows, but following description does not constitute any restriction to the present invention:
The whole system of the present invention is mainly made up of the following aspects: optically focused light splitting type photovoltaic and photothermal assembly, heat
Water system, electrolyzer module three part forms.Described concentrating photovoltaic photo-thermal model mainly has light-dividing device, photovoltaic
Assembly solar battery sheet, heat pipe, adiabator, and thermal-collecting tube composition, and some supplementary structures composition.
Described hot-water heating system comprises the first water tank, the second water tank, water tank communicating pipe, water pump, snakelike heat exchange tube road and change
Hot channel forms.Described electrolyzer module mainly has PEM electrolyzer and a hydrogen water separation device, exsiccator and
Hydrogen gas storage device, heat-exchange system and some structures form.
First solar energy is collected by beam condensing unit, after being then passed through light-dividing device light splitting, it is seen that light district is by photovoltaic light
Heating integrated device absorbs, and by opto-electronic conversion effect, it is next as the energy of electrolysis bath that solar energy is converted into electric energy
Source, overcomes the unidirectional current produced in photovoltaic transformation process because its undulatory property and intermittence, and energy density is low,
It is unfavorable for utilizing.The utilization of light splitting significantly reduces the thermic load of cell panel, increases the efficiency of thermo-electric conversion,
Solaode is cooled down by the heat pipe simultaneously used.Above measure can greatly reduce photovoltaic module
Temperature, improve photovoltaic module photoelectric transformation efficiency, and so that the temperature of whole cell panel be more equal
Even, improve the life-span of cell panel.The energy in the infrared light district after light splitting is absorbed by vacuum heat collection pipe delivers to the second water
In case.After the heat in the first water tank exceedes uniform temperature, open water tank Communicating device by the water in the first water tank
Deliver to, in the second water tank, fill into cold water in the first water tank simultaneously, the most both can keep the first water tank temperature ratio
Relatively low, thus improve the efficiency of photovoltaic and photothermal module.Water in second water tank can be carried out by the first water tank simultaneously
Preheating, improves the water temperature of hot water, reaches user's request.By electrolysis bath waterway circulating can to purify after pure
Water heats, and improves the temperature of the electrolysis water entering electrolysis bath, thus improves the efficiency of electrolytic hydrogen production.After electrolysis
Obtain hydrogen storage in gas bomb.
The concentrating solar photovoltaic and photothermal integral hydrogen production process using technique scheme has with prior art
Following advantage:
(1) light-dividing device realizes the utilization of different-waveband of system, photo-thermal and photoelectricity can all be reached effective
Utilize.
(2) solar energy changed by photovoltaic at photovoltaic wave band after light splitting dramatically increases and the thermic load of plate is notable
Reducing, thus obviously suppress the rising of solaode plate temperature, after light splitting, cell panel only absorbs simultaneously
The energy of visible region, photoelectric transformation efficiency greatly raises, and the temperature of cell panel declines clearly simultaneously.
(3) in heat pipe battery plate cooling procedure, the inlet water temperature of heat exchange of heat pipe is for the efficiency shadow of system
Ringing and have this direct relation, the lowest cooling effect of inlet water temperature is the best, but the lowest being more difficult to of inlet water temperature meets use
The demand at family, the employing photovoltaic and photothermal integral device of photovoltaic wave band after light splitting, by the form of heat pipe heat radiation,
First water tank, as the effect of a preheating water tank of the second water tank, keeps the relatively low temperature of ratio, so that change
Hot device, under low entry water temperature state, can reduce battery temperature, improves photovoltaic battery panel conversion effect and obtains
The well thermal efficiency.
(4) the photo-thermal wave band after light splitting is absorbed by vacuum heat collection pipe.Water in the first water tank is permissible after preheating
Be passed through in the second water tank, the water in the second water tank in the vacuum heat collection pipe that waterway circulating enters, such that it is able to
Obtain higher water temperature output, it is ensured that system has the good thermal efficiency to ensure under height output hot water water temperature.
(5) on photovoltaic and photothermal integral device, heat pipe uses tabular can obtain bigger contact area,
Thus reduce the thermal contact resistance of system, the heat exchange of strengthening photovoltaic panel.The condensation segment of the most described heat pipe connects completely
It is connected together, at condensation segment by coil heat exchange, increases heat exchange area, strengthening heat pipe and the heat exchange of current,
Thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of condensation segment and current, reduce the overall heat transfer thermal resistance of system, effectively reduce system
The temperature of photovoltaic module so that the Temperature Distribution of photovoltaic module is evenly.
(6) being effectively matched by photovoltaic and photothermal integral device and electrolytic hydrogen production system so that system is at output hydrogen
Obtain heat energy while energy, very effective improve the system overall utilization ratio for solar energy.Hydrogen simultaneously
It is low that the use of energy overcomes solar energy density, and what undulatory property caused is unfavorable for the feature of utilization.This is simultaneously
System can ensure that the output of hot water can also meet daily life demand.
(7) effect of heat pipe heat exchanging improves electrolytic hydrogen production by effectively reducing the temperature of photovoltaic module
Efficiency 15%, electrolysis water and hot-water heating system heat exchange, improve the temperature of electrolysis water, so that the electrolysis system of system
Hydrogen efficiency improves 5%～7%.The overall hydrogen production efficiency of system improves can reach about 20%, simultaneity factor pair
The thermal efficiency of solar energy utilizes can reach more than 60%.
(8) whole system energy source is all solar energy, and the Hydrogen Energy of output and hot water are the most all to environment
The most friendly product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the side view of the photovoltaic and photothermal integral device in the system of the present invention of the present invention.
Reference
1-beam condensing unit, 2-thermal-collecting tube, 3-light-dividing device, 4-photovoltaic and photothermal integral device, 5-the first water tank 1,
6-water pump, 7-the second water tank 2,8-hydrogen gas storage device, 9-exsiccator, 10-hydrogen water separation device, 11-are electrolysed
Groove, 12-electrolysis waterpipe, 13-collecting plate, 14-glass, 15-the first heat exchange pipeline, 16-heat pipe, 17-insulation
Adiabator, 18-photovoltaic module, 19-fuel cell, 20 communicating pipes, 21-the second heat exchange pipeline.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to following enforcement
Example.
Embodiment 1
The photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1,2 and 3.Described photovoltaic and photothermal combines system
Hydrogen system mainly include photovoltaic and photothermal integral device 4, beam condensing unit 1, light-dividing device 3, thermal-collecting tube 2,
Electrolysis bath 11, heat exchange pipeline 15, hydrogen gas storage device the 8, first water tank 5 and the second water tank 7 and 6 groups of water pump
The system become.Wherein photovoltaic and photothermal integral device 4 composition structure be followed successively by glass 14, photovoltaic module 18,
Collecting plate 13 and heat pipe 16, wherein photovoltaic module 18, collecting plate 13 and heat pipe 16 are by ethyl vinyl acetate second
Alkene copolymer (EVA) and polyvinyl fluoride composite membrane (TPT) are combined closely by lamination.
Back filling with insulation material 17 at photovoltaic module.And light-dividing device is arranged on photovoltaic and photothermal integral device 4
Above.
Wherein,
Beam condensing unit 1 is for by solar energy collecting；
Light-dividing device 3, it is arranged at the optically focused focal point of described beam condensing unit 1；Described light-dividing device 3 is used for
Incident light source is divided into visible light part and infrared portions；
Thermal-collecting tube 2, it is arranged between described beam condensing unit 1 and described light-dividing device 3, is used for accepting light splitting
The described infrared portions of device 3 reflection；The thermal-collecting tube used in the present embodiment can use commercially available vacuum heat-collecting
Pipe
Photovoltaic and photothermal integral device 4, it is arranged at light-dividing device 3 downstream, for accepting from light-dividing device
The visible light part of 3 projections；Described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device 4 includes from illumination side successively:
The most optional glass 14, is used for protecting photovoltaic module 18；
Ii. photovoltaic module 18, for receiving the visible light part by light-dividing device 3, and by it
It is converted into direct current energy；Described photovoltaic module 18 selects a large amount of commercializations existed on the market
The monocrystal silicon changed and polysilicon solar cell plate；
Iii. collecting plate 13, it combines with photovoltaic module 18 lamination, for collecting from light
Photovoltaic assembly 18 sends out owing to accepting illumination heat energy thermogenetic；Collecting plate selects cheap conventional aluminum
Plate.Collecting plate and heat pipe use tube-sheet type structure, reduce solaode plate temperature simultaneously, simultaneously
It is collected heat energy utilizing；
Iii. heat pipe 16, it is fitted with light collecting plate 13, containing heat transfer medium in described heat pipe 16,
For the heat energy that acceptance is collected from collecting plate 13；Described heat pipe 16 includes evaporator section and condensation
Section, evaporator section is used for absorbing heat, and condensation segment is for heat release；
Iv. heat-insulation material 17, what it was wrapped in photovoltaic and photothermal integral device 4 accepts illumination
The outside of the part beyond side, is used for preventing heat to scatter and disappear；
First heat exchange pipeline 15, it is arranged at the condensation segment of described heat pipe 16, in described first heat exchange pipeline 15
Containing water, described first heat exchange pipeline 15 carries out heat exchange with described heat pipe 16, collects the heat from heat pipe 16
Amount；Described heat exchanger tube 15 is coil.
First water tank 5, it is connected with the first heat exchange pipeline 15, for providing for described first heat exchange pipeline 15
Water source, and accept the water after heat exchange from the first heat exchange pipeline 15；In addition the first water tank 5 is as
The preheating water tank of two water tanks 7, was sent into the water in the first water tank in the second water tank 7 by communicating pipe 20.
Second water tank 7, it is connected with thermal-collecting tube 2 by the second heat exchange pipeline, changes for providing for thermal-collecting tube 2
Thermal medium, and accept to come from the thermal-collecting tube 2 high-temperature-hot-water through heat exchange.
Electrolysis unit, it includes
Electrolysis bath 11 and form the electrolysis waterpipe 12 of closed circuit, described electrolysis waterpipe with electrolysis bath 11
12 is snakelike electrolysis waterpipe, and for providing electrolysis water for electrolysis bath 11, described electrolysis waterpipe 12 is arranged at
In described second water tank 7 and be immersed in the hot water of described second water tank 7, with in described second water tank 7
The abundant heat exchange of high-temperature-hot-water；Described electrolysis bath 11 is connected with photovoltaic module 18, accepts from photovoltaic module 18
The direct current energy produced, and be electrolysed from the electrolysis hot water after heat exchange in electrolysis water pipe 19, from
And obtain hydrogen；
Hydrogen water separation device 10, its respectively with electrolysis bath 11 and electrolysis waterpipe 12 be connected, for accept from
The hydrogen of electrolysis bath, and the steam in described hydrogen is separated, obtaining the hydrogen of purification, the water of separation is then passed through
Described electrolysis waterpipe 12；The electrolysis bath of described electrolyzer system is selected from alkaline electrolytic bath or PEM electrolyzer.
Exsiccator 9, it is connected with hydrogen water separation device 10, for from the hydrogen in hydrogen water separation device 10
Gas is dried process；
Hydrogen gas storage device 8, it is connected with exsiccator 9, for accepting the hydrogen processed from exsiccator 9,
And store.
The using method of the photovoltaic hydrogen generating system described in the present embodiment is:
First, sunlight is converged to light-dividing device 3 through beam condensing unit 1, it is seen that the energy in light district is described
The photovoltaic module 18 of photovoltaic and photothermal integral device 7 absorbs, and a portion energy passes through photoelectric transformation efficiency
It is converted into electric energy；Then the electric energy changed by photovoltaic, as the energy source of electrolysis bath 11 electrolytic hydrogen production, passes through
Hydrogen that water electrolysis is obtained by electrolysis bath and the mixture of water, sequentially pass through the mixture obtained hydrogen water and separate dress
Put 10 and exsiccator 9 after, be finally stored in hydrogen gas storage device 8；It addition, it is described through electrolysis bath 11
After circulation, water out and hydrogen water separation device 10 obtain water and enter and be arranged on the electrolysis water pipe in the second water tank 7
Road 12, is re-fed into after heat exchange in electrolysis bath 11 in water tank, is come by the electrolysis water water temperature improving electrolysis bath 11
Improve electrolytic efficiency；
And in photovoltaic and photothermal integral device not over opto-electronic conversion effect absorb luminous energy by collecting plate 13
Absorbing, the heat that collecting plate 13 absorbs arrives heat pipe 16 by the way of heat conduction, so reduces photovoltaic module
The temperature of 18；Then the heat energy in heat pipe 16 is by carrying out heat exchange and by first with the water of the first heat exchange pipeline 15
Water in heat exchange pipeline 15 absorbs, and the water absorbing heat in the first heat exchange pipeline 15 is back to by water pump 6
First water tank 5 stores；First object temperature is set in the first water tank, the water in the first water tank 5
When temperature reaches first object temperature, by the water in the first water tank 5 by sending into communicating pipe 20 in second water tank 7,
And water at low temperature is supplemented in the first water tank 5, makes the first water tank 5 be maintained at one than relatively low temperature.With
Time, the second water tank sets the second target temperature, after the second Water in Water Tanks temperature rises to the second target temperature,
Being passed in the second water tank by water relatively low for temperature in first water tank, wherein the second target temperature is higher than the first mesh
Mark temperature.
The energy in the infrared light district after beam splitter 3 light splitting is absorbed by thermal-collecting tube 2, the water in the second water tank 7
Entering in thermal-collecting tube 2 by the second heat exchange pipeline 21, the heat that absorbing sets heat pipe 2 absorbs, then by heat
Send into the hot water obtaining high temperature in the second water tank 7.
It addition, described after electrolysis bath 11 circulates water out and hydrogen water separation device 10 obtain water and enter and set
Put in the second water tank 5 and be connected with electrolysis bath 11 circulation electrolysis waterpipe 12, in the second water tank 7
It is re-fed into after heat exchange in electrolysis bath 11, improves electrolytic efficiency by the electrolysis water water temperature improving electrolysis bath 11.
Because the effect of light-dividing device 3 so that the photoelectric transformation efficiency help of photovoltaic module improves, and makes
The thermic load that photovoltaic and photothermal assembly 4 accepts significantly reduces.The heat transfer effect of heat pipe 16 and heat exchange pipeline 15 simultaneously
Relatively low inlet temperature, greatly reduces the temperature of photovoltaic module 18, improves photoelectric transformation efficiency, and
And can also significantly improve focusing ratio in certain photovoltaic module 18 temperature, reduce cost, effectively
Improve the electric energy output of photovoltaic module 18.Simultaneously can be more uniform by the Temperature Distribution on photovoltaic module 18.
Increase the raising of whole hydrogen manufacturing amount, and it is more stable that system is run, and extends its life-span.
The first water tank and the second water tank in the present embodiment just have heat-barrier material, to keep described first water tank and
Water temperature in two water tanks.Current transmission between first water tank and the second water tank can use water pump to be driven.
Described electrolysis unit also includes high pressure-bearing gas tank, and described electrolysis bath is PEM electrolyzer.
The overall hydrogen production efficiency of native system improves can reach about 20%, and the thermal efficiency can reach 60% simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, described photovoltaic hydrogen generating system farther includes fuel cell 19, and it is with described
Hydrogen storage system 8 connects.Generate electricity as fuel for the hydrogen accepted from hydrogen storage system 8.
So that solar energy discontinuous, energy density is converted into high density, continuous and storable Hydrogen Energy turns
The electric energy changed.
Claims (15)
1. a light splitting photovoltaic and photothermal associating hydrogen generating system, including:
A. beam condensing unit, for by solar energy collecting；
B. light-dividing device, it is arranged at the optically focused focal point of described beam condensing unit, can for being divided into by incident light source
See light part and infrared portions；
C. thermal-collecting tube, it is arranged between described beam condensing unit and described light-dividing device, is used for accepting light-dividing device
The described infrared portions of reflection；
D. photovoltaic and photothermal integral device, it is arranged at light-dividing device downstream, for accepting from light-dividing device
The visible light part of projection；Described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device includes from illumination side successively:
I. photovoltaic module, for receiving the described visible light part from described light-dividing device, and will
It is converted into direct current energy；
Ii. collecting plate, it is fitted with photovoltaic module, is freed from photovoltaic module for collection and accepts light
According to and send out heat energy thermogenetic；
Iii. heat pipe, itself and collecting plate laminating, described heat pipe is for collecting acceptance from collecting plate
Heat energy；
Iv. heat-insulation material, its be wrapped in photovoltaic and photothermal integral device accept illumination side with
The outside of outer part, for preventing the heat of described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device to scatter and disappear；
E. the first heat exchange pipeline, it is arranged in the condensation segment of described heat pipe, and described first heat exchange pipeline is with described
Heat pipe carries out heat exchange, collects the heat from heat pipe condenser section；
F. the first water tank, it is connected with the first heat exchange pipeline, for providing water source for described first heat exchange pipeline,
And accept the water after heat exchange from the first heat exchange pipeline；
G. the second water tank, it is connected with thermal-collecting tube by the second heat exchange pipeline, accept in the second heat exchange pipeline and
Water after thermal-collecting tube heat exchange；
H. communicating pipe, the first water tank and the second water tank are connected, when the second Water in Water Tanks temperature rises to second by it
After target temperature, water relatively low for temperature in the first water tank is passed in the second water tank；
I. electrolysis unit, it includes
Electrolysis bath and the electrolysis waterpipe with electrolysis bath formation closed circuit, described electrolysis waterpipe is for for electric
Solving groove and provide electrolysis water, described electrolysis waterpipe is arranged in described second water tank and is immersed in described second water tank
Water in, with the abundant heat exchange of water in described second water tank；Described electrolysis bath is connected with photovoltaic module, accepts
The direct current energy produced from photovoltaic module, and carry out electricity to from the electrolysis water after heat exchange in electrolysis water pipe
Solve, thus obtain hydrogen.
Photovoltaic and photothermal the most according to claim 1 associating hydrogen generating system, it is characterised in that described photovoltaic
Electrolytic hydrogen production system also includes:
J. hydrogen water separation device, it is connected with electrolysis bath, for accepting the hydrogen obtained in electrolysis bath through electrolysis
Gas, and the steam in described hydrogen is separated, obtain the hydrogen of purification.
Photovoltaic and photothermal the most according to claim 2 associating hydrogen generating system, it is characterised in that described photovoltaic light
Heat integration hydrogen generating system also includes:
K. exsiccator, it is connected with hydrogen water separation device, for carrying out from the hydrogen in hydrogen water separation device
Dried.
Photovoltaic and photothermal the most according to claim 3 associating hydrogen generating system, it is characterised in that described photovoltaic electric
Solve hydrogen generating system also to include:
M. hydrogen gas storage device, it is connected with exsiccator, for accepting the hydrogen processed from exsiccator,
And store.
5. combine hydrogen generating system according to the photovoltaic and photothermal according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Described heat pipe is selected from gravity assisted heat pipe or siphon heat pipe, and described heat pipe uses flat pattern design.
6. combine hydrogen generating system according to the photovoltaic and photothermal according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Described light-dividing device is the film passed through wavelength at the light selectivity of 350 to 1100 nanometers.
7. combine hydrogen generating system according to the photovoltaic and photothermal according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Described photovoltaic hydrogen generating system farther includes fuel cell, and it is connected with hydrogen gas storage device.
8. combine hydrogen generating system according to the photovoltaic and photothermal according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Described heat exchange pipeline is snakelike heat exchange tube road, U-shaped heat exchange pipeline or coiled heat exchange pipeline.
Photovoltaic and photothermal the most according to claim 8 associating hydrogen generating system, it is characterised in that described heat exchanger tube
Road is snakelike heat exchange tube road.
10. combine hydrogen generating system according to the photovoltaic and photothermal according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Electrolysis bath in described electrolysis unit is PEM electrolyzer.
11. combine hydrogen generating system according to the photovoltaic and photothermal according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Described electrolysis waterpipe is snakelike electrolysis waterpipe, U-shaped electrolysis waterpipe or coiled electrolysis waterpipe.
12. photovoltaic and photothermal according to claim 11 associating hydrogen generating systems, it is characterised in that described electrolysis
Waterpipe is snakelike electrolysis waterpipe.
13. 1 kinds of users combining hydrogen generating system according to the photovoltaic and photothermal according to any one of claim 1-12
Method, including:
Sunlight is converged on described light-dividing device through beam condensing unit, it is seen that the light in light district is filled by light splitting
Putting and project on described photovoltaic and photothermal integral device, a portion visible ray is absorbed by photovoltaic module, passes through
Opto-electronic conversion is converted into electric energy；Then electric energy photovoltaic changed as the energy source of electrolytic tank electrolysis hydrogen manufacturing,
The hydrogen obtained by water electrolysis by electrolysis bath and the mixture of water, separate dress by the mixture obtained through hydrogen water
Put with exsiccator after, be finally stored in hydrogen gas storage device；
And the heat quilt of another part visible ray not absorbed by photovoltaic module in photovoltaic and photothermal integral device
Collecting plate absorbs, and arrives heat pipe from collecting plate by the way of heat conduction, and the heat energy in heat pipe is by with first subsequently
The water heat exchange of heat exchange pipeline is only absorbed by the water, and the water absorbing heat is back to the first water tank by the first heat exchange pipeline
In store；
On the other hand, the light in the infrared light district of light-dividing device reflection is absorbed by thermal-collecting tube, the heat that thermal-collecting tube absorbs
Amount transfers heat to the water in described second heat exchange pipeline, the most described second heat exchange by the second heat exchange pipeline
Water in pipeline is back in the second water tank store.
14. methods according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described method also includes: by
One water tank sets first object temperature, introduces cold after in the first water tank, temperature has exceeded described first object temperature
Water, and the water in the first water tank is incorporated in the second water tank.
15. methods according to claim 14, it is characterised in that described method also includes: second
The second target temperature is set, after the second Water in Water Tanks temperature rises to the second target temperature, by the first water on water tank
The water that in case, temperature is relatively low is passed in the second water tank, and wherein the second target temperature is higher than first object temperature.
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| CN114059079B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-02 | 西安交通大学 | Thermal self-sustaining concentrating photovoltaic electrolytic hydrogen production reaction system based on severe conditions |
| CN115595612A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-13 | 北京市煤气热力工程设计院有限公司（Cn） | Efficient zero-carbon thermoelectric supply system and method for coupling photovoltaic photo-thermal, fuel cell, hydrogen production and storage |
| CN115744819A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-03-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | Solar energy frequency division photocatalysis, photovoltaic light and heat and electrocatalysis poly-generation hydrogen production system |
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