CN103435117A - Heat pump type atmospheric pressure vapor compression distillation sea water desalination and water and salt combined production device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat pump type atmospheric pressure vapor compression distillation sea water desalination and water and salt combined production device, which is a sea water desalination and salt manufacturing combined production device. Technologies such as heat pump compression water vapor heating-cooling, heat pump air supply, water replenishing compression of vapor, corrosion protection and scale prevention of a composite material, cold water evaporation condensation, atmospheric pressure vapor compression distillation and salt solution precipitate separation and treatment are comprehensively adopted, so that a sea water distillation and concentration process is improved; the technical characteristics of sea water desalination and industrial sea water salt manufacturing are considered in the various aspects such as heat loss reduction, improvement of the heat exchange condition, distillation cost reduction, scale prevention, timely separation of the precipitates and additional arrangement of salt chemical equipment, water and salt combined production can be performed with only power and sea water, and conditions are created for industrial water and salt combined production and ocean chemical industry development; if the device is smoothly implemented, fresh water can become a byproduct of the ocean chemical industry, and the goal of fresh water reclamation is imminent; the device can realize sea water desalination of the water and salt combined production, and other liquids which are subjected to evaporation condensation in the device can also be treated.

Description

The heat-pump-type normal pressure distillation seawater desalination water salt combination preparing device of calming the anger

Technical field the present invention relates to heat pump refrigerating-heat supply, and matrix material is anticorrosion, antiscale, cold water formula evaporative condenser, calm the anger distillation seawater desalination and preparing salt by working up seawater technology.

The mature technology of the known sea water desaltination of background technology has: the methods such as reverse osmosis, multistage flash evaporation, low-temperature multi-effect, the distillation of calming the anger, these methods are all from treated seawater, partly obtain desalination water, and the concentrated seawater of remainder is flow back to sea, in the process of sea water desaltination, do not realize that in seawater, the synchronous of salt directly extracted.This case is intended producing salt in extensive sea water desaltination, and the existing distillation technique of calming the anger, although make the water cost lower than reverse osmosis method, in thermo-efficiency, good antiscale property with salt out aspect the processing of thing, still can not be satisfied the demand; Existing other distillation method and reverse osmosis method, take great pains to guard a secret to scale problems, is not suitable for and produces salt when producing desalination water.

Summary of the invention the objective of the invention is comprehensive heat pump refrigerating-heat supply, and matrix material is anticorrosion, antiscale, cold water formula evaporative condenser, calm the anger distillation and preparing salt by working up seawater technology; Improve the sea water by distillation concentration process; A kind of input electric power and seawater are provided, just can when producing desalination water, produce the desalination technology of salt.

In order to break through traditional distillation technique in the coproduction of water salt, the distillation scale faced is limited by thermal source, and thermo-efficiency is low, easily fouling, and thermosteresis is large, and running cost is high, can't separate, process the bottleneck problems such as precipitate; Following innovative approach is taked in this case: adopt heat pump refrigerating-heat supply process, the saline solution that enters vacuum evaporation crystallizer is carried out to sweat cooling, for approaching the saline solution of degree of saturation, by the mode of cooling, supersaturation, crystallization condition are provided, the crystallization that promotes salt with separate; Again temperature is used for to cooling condensed water lower than the low temperature clear liquid of room temperature, makes magma, condensed water and the discharge of incondensable gas room temperature, avoid the thermosteresis of material discharger; Selecting the water vapor compression machine of positive displacement speed regulating control is primary heat pump, and the water vapour of tonifying Qi Compression Evaporation generates the negative pressure superheated vapour by the demand superheating temperature, heats cooling clear liquid, generates high temperature and supplements saline solution; Cooling clear liquid becomes high temperature and supplements the heat that saline solution absorbs, and major part comes from overheated that water vapor produces when compressed, and high temperature supplements saline solution and starts one by one with the thermal source of concurrent heating and use as the normal pressure distillation module of calming the anger; When calming the anger by normal pressure, distillation supplies the thermal modules secondary heat pump, generation exceeds the steam of module demand heat, miscellaneous equipment is carried out to heat supply, can maintain again the steam tail gas of module operation, send the mode for thermal modules back to, while obtaining more economically the heat of heat pump pressurized water steam institute by-product, can make device no longer rely on extraneous concurrent heating, self start and normal operation and maintain; Utilize the normal pressure of the quantity required distillation module of calming the anger, the normal pressure that the carries out high water generation ratio distillation of calming the anger, the low-cost distillation scale of amplifying; Avoid the puzzlement of the dirty plug of burn into, scale formation for making device, consider the design of heat-exchange equipment and saline solution transport pipe by the pattern of producing salt, avoid saline solution delay with exterior domain at liquid trap, separate chamber, crystallisation chamber, reduce the precipitate precipitation, adhere to the risk that forms fouling; All surfaces directly contacted with saline solution in device, all adopt corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, cohesive material not; In order to reduce the delivery of steam resistance, strengthen the self-cleaning ability of saline solution heat exchange surface, immersion vapour-liquid heat exchange by the outer liquid of vapour in tradition, change liquid cold water formula vapour-liquid heat exchange in outer vapour into, and the heat exchanging tube outer surface carries out the large helix angle wing, reduction saline solution recoverable amount, reduce and start thermal load, reduce water vapor effusion resistance, reduce the vapor condenses water film thickness, improve heat transfer boundary condition; Circulation supplements the temperature atomizing spray of saline solution with the distillation module vaporization temperature of calming the anger a little more than normal pressure, avoids vaporize water steam supplementing saline solution, the condensation loss in the mass-and heat-transfer process with circulation; Heat transfer tube is suitable for reading, adds saline solution and distributes cap, prevents that dry wall, Concerning Flooding Phenomenon from occurring; Secondary heat pump moisturizing compression, when eliminating steam superheat, improve the usefulness of secondary heat pump; The separation facilities of saline solution precipitate is set, processes in time precipitate; Device carries out Design and manufacture with the form of modularization and classification, according to a large amount of precipitation phases of salt, and the saline solution concentration of demand and saline solution concentration and evaporation amount, matching set is in the scale of different varieties salt precipitation phase; Pretreated raw material seawater, after being concentrated to finite concentration, is taked the method that concentration is controlled, temperature is controlled and crystallization is controlled, and salt is separated out respectively by separating out in a large number order in different crystallisation chamber, thereby obtains the salt of different varieties; Mixing salt is carried out to recrystallize, chemistry, electrochemical processing, can access pure salt; The saltwater brine that will obtain in the solid-liquid sepn process and desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water, be transported in the next stage device saline solution as a supplement; The purification apparatus of bromine and salt is carried in configuration, makes device when producing desalination water, produces salt and salt chemical product with higher economic worth, for the coproduction of water salt creates conditions; This device by vacuum evaporation crystallizer, cooling clear liquid pump, primary heat pump, clear liquid well heater, dry vacuum pump, salt liquid mixer, supplement salt liquid pump, circulation and supplement the distillation of calming the anger of saline solution well heater, normal pressure and formed for calm the anger distillation module 1～n, small pump, heavy-fluid cooling separator, solid-liquid separating machine, condensed water in high temperature water cooler, cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, salt chemical engineering equipment, prosecution instrument and attached pipeline of thermal modules, normal pressure.Device can make saline solution evaporate in the flashing chamber of vacuum evaporation crystallizer and reduce temperature, the crystallisation chamber that enters vacuum evaporation crystallizer discharges saturation ratio, crystallization and clarification, the low temperature clear liquid produced, through cooling clear liquid pump, is transported to the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler as low-temperature receiver; After absorbing the heat of condensed water and non-condensable gas, get back to vacuum evaporation crystallizer repeated evaporation, concentrated, the process that discharges saturation ratio, crystallization and clarification; The water vapour that the vacuum evaporation crystallizer flashing chamber produces, be collapsed into the negative pressure overheated steam by primary heat pump, heat cooling clear liquid in the clear liquid well heater as thermal source, for normal pressure startup, the concurrent heating of distilling module of calming the anger provides heat; The negative pressure overheated steam, in be cooled clear liquid and room temperature are condensed water-cooled process, is condensed into water after release sensible heat and latent heat; The low temperature clear liquid is heated as high temperature and supplements saline solution in the saline solution well heater, mix mutually with the cooling clear liquid from the heavy-fluid cooling separator, the supplementary saline solution of condensed water in high temperature water cooler and the light liquid of cold water formula evaporative cooler through supplementing the salt liquid pump, become temperature and be applicable to the supplementary saline solution of circulation that normal pressure is calmed the anger and distilled module; The temperature of when circulating, supplementing saline solution can not meet normal pressure calms the anger while distilling module vaporization temperature needs, calms the anger distillation for the thermal modules heat supply by normal pressure, the temperature of the supplementary saline solution of raising circulation.Circulation supplements saline solution and enters into calm the anger spraying gun atomization, the evaporation of cold water formula vaporizer-condenser of distillation module of normal pressure, the water vapour of generation, and the secondary heat pump of being calmed the anger in the distillation module by normal pressure, be collapsed into overheated steam; Come the calm the anger outside of distillation module cold water formula vaporizer-condenser heat transfer tube of normal pressure, in the salt liquid film of heating and the direct mass-and heat-transfer of vaporize water steam, hyperthermia and superheating water vapour self also obtains cooling, and produces condensed water in high temperature; Discharge condensed water and the incondensable gas of cold water formula evaporative cooler, enter into the condensed water in high temperature water cooler, cooling by the supplementary saline solution of room temperature.In the evaporator room and evaporative condenser section of cold water formula vaporizer-condenser, the circulation after evaporating, concentrating supplements saline solution, is pooled to the liquid trap of cold water formula vaporizer-condenser; In liquid trap, separated, light liquid wherein, by supplementary salt liquid pump pressurization, repeat the concentration process of atomization, evaporation; The heavy-fluid of liquid trap middle and high concentration, cooling through the heavy-fluid cooling separator, separate cured article wherein after, be mixed in the cooling clear liquid after cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler heat absorption, enter the flashing chamber of vacuum evaporation crystallizer, continue evaporation, cooling, concentrated process.For the room temperature that realizes condensed water reclaims, condensed water and incondensable gas that condensed water in high temperature water cooler and clear liquid well heater are discharged, need to be in the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, and the low temperature clear liquid that is come from the vacuum evaporation crystallizer crystallisation chamber is further cooling.Clear liquid in vacuum evaporation crystallizer, repeating the process of the evaporation of evaporation-cooling-heat absorption-again, provides continuously for primary heat pump the water vapor heated on the one hand, and saline solution self is also concentrated step by step on the other hand; When this concentrated and cooling, make certain salt in saline solution reach oversaturated degree, just have the crystallization of salt in crystallisation chamber; To crystallization and saltwater brine, by associated salts chemical industry equipment and sorting equipment, divide other to process, thereby realize producing salt when producing desalination water.

---described vacuum evaporation crystallizer: formed by vacuum flashing chamber and crystallisation chamber two portions; The cooling clear liquid that comes from the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, enter the evaporation of vacuum flashing chamber by pipeline and atomizing nozzle, and the water vapour of generation is after gear liquid and foam removal, by the primary heat pump sucking-off; After salt drop after concentrating, lowering the temperature collects, be transported to the bottom of crystallisation chamber through central downtake, eliminate degree of supersaturation, crystallization and clarification, clear liquid enters cooling clear liquid pipeline in the overflow of crystallisation chamber liquid level, under the driving of cooling clear liquid pump, to the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, absorbed heat, get back to the vacuum flashing chamber and again reduce temperature in the mode of transpiring moisture, for primary heat pump constantly provides the vaporize water steam, self obtain circulating concentrating; When saline solution reaches oversaturated degree, crystallisation chamber will constantly have the crystallization of salt; The magma of crystallisation chamber bottom, enter the solid-liquid separating machine by the magma pump, and solid salt is during as product, washed, dry, packing processes; Solid salt during as the raw material of byproduct and recrystallization, chemistry, electrochemical treatment operation, is processed by the salt producing craft requirement; Desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water after the isolated saltwater brine of solid-liquid separating machine and the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, by salting out the supplementary salt solution of order as the next stage device.

---described clear liquid well heater: be to realize that the negative pressure overheated steam heat release that primary heat pump is discharged condenses, the heating clear liquid immerse the coil tube type heat-exchange equipment; The dry vacuum pump be attached thereto, provide the guarantee of required vacuum tightness; In the clear liquid well heater, saline solution from bottom to top, with corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, not in the cohesive material heat exchange coil, top-down negative pressure overheated steam carries out heat exchange, the high temperature saline solution enters and supplements the saline solution pipeline by overflow port, mix mutually with the cooling clear liquid from the heavy-fluid water cooler, the supplementary saline solution of condensed water in high temperature water cooler and the light liquid of cold water formula evaporative cooler through supplementing the salt liquid pump, become temperature and be applicable to the supplementary saline solution of circulation that normal pressure is calmed the anger and distilled module; Middle part at clear liquid well heater heat exchange coil, arrange aspirating hole, will pass through the part negative pressure water vapour that cooling, superheating temperature has obviously reduced, and is evacuated to primary heat pump as tonifying Qi, in order to control the superheating temperature of primary heat pump exhaust; The tail gas of negative pressure overheated steam, need by exhaust pipe, adopts the mode of the direct spray of condensed water of room temperature to carry out condensation again, to control the condensing pressure of negative pressure overheated steam; Control superheating temperature and the condensing temperature of primary heat pump exhaust by the clear liquid well heater, primary heat pump can be worked under higher Energy Efficiency Ratio operating mode; The condensed water of negative pressure overheated steam, after the incondensable gas entered by condensate pump suction, mixing dry vacuum pump, be input to the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, further lowers the temperature.

---the described normal pressure distillation module of calming the anger: be under the condition that provides subnormal ambient and the contracting of evaporation vapour pressure to heat up at the secondary heat pump that supplements the salt liquid pump and provide circulation to supplement saline solution, module, make saline solution and water vapor carry out vapour-liquid circulation distillation in cold water formula vaporizer-condenser, produce the equipment of condensed water and concentrated saline solution, formed by secondary heat pump and cold water formula evaporative cooler; Wherein the secondary heat pump compression promotes the ability of water vapour sensible heat, is greater than module needs itself, can provide the module of by-product water vapour for miscellaneous equipment, is called normal pressure and calms the anger distillation for thermal modules; Module number, by the demand configuration, is the main part that produces condensed water, concentrated saline solution in device; Cold water formula vaporizer-condenser is comprised of evaporator room, evaporative condenser section and liquid trap, and working pressure is a little more than barometric point, and vapor condenses pressure is easy to maintain, and can adopt the splicing structure manufacture; The evaporator room on top is established spraying gun, liquid barrier and scum dredger; Large for dispelling the tradition vaporization heat loss that the distillation pattern exists of calming the anger, easily fouling, the saline solution recoverable amount is large, starts the large drawback of energy consumption; The evaporative condenser section employing salt liquid film attached jet at middle part drops down the mode of evaporation, improves the escape condition of water vapor, prevents fouling, strengthens the self-cleaning ability of heat-transfer surface, reduces the saline solution recoverable amount, reduces the thermal load that module starts; The evaporative condenser section is put together by modular tube sheet assembly, is easy to maximize; Shell side adds steam entry, baffle and the outlet of condensed water non-condensable gas, forms the water vapor passage; For the non-condensable gas that makes the shell side bottom can evenly be discharged, at the uniform non-condensable gas collection tube in shell side bottom, with the non-condensable gas outlet, be connected; Vertical tube side arranged side by side is the saline solution passage, and that the heat transfer tube internal surface adopts is corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, cohesive material not, and heat exchange pipe external surface carries out the large helix angle wing, and the heat transfer tube saline solution that adds suitable for reading distributes cap, prevents that dry wall, Concerning Flooding Phenomenon from occurring; In the saline solution passage, saline solution drops down with the form attached jet of salt liquid film from top to bottom, accept the heating of water vapor and the condensation water film thereof in next door, the moisture in the salt liquid film is subject to thermal evaporation, and the salt liquid film of escaping out forms water vapor, come together in the cavity at heat transfer tube center, under the suction of module secondary heat pump, from bottom to top with the countercurrent flow of salt liquid film, and mass-and heat-transfer, finally in evaporator room and circulation, supplement the direct mass-and heat-transfer of salt drop, become the water vapor that temperature is higher; Water vapor, by secondary heat pump suction, moisturizing compression, becomes the hyperthermia and superheating water vapor, enters the water vapor passage of shell side, carries out cooling, condensing process, and it is cooling that condensed water enters the condensed water in high temperature water cooler; From evaporator room atomizing spray, the saline solution that flows down through the heat transfer tube inwall, progressively concentrated because drying out, be pooled to the liquid trap liquid level that is positioned at cold water formula vaporizer-condenser bottom; Liquid trap is up big and down small back taper, make the concentrated saline solution collected be transported to the bottom of liquid trap through central downtake, distribute up and down by the quality weight, the light liquid of upper strata lighter weight, by supplementary salt liquid pump suction, the evaporator room that reenters cold water formula vaporizer-condenser carries out concentration process; The heavy-fluid that bottom layer quality is heavier, through pipeline enter the heavy-fluid cooling separator cooling, separate precipitate after, clear liquid adds in cooling clear liquid, continues evaporation, concentrated in the evaporator room of vacuum evaporation crystallizer.

---described heavy-fluid cooling separator: be high temperature heavy-fluid to be cooled to approach the immersed type heat exchange separating device of room temperature, coil heat exchanger adopts corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, not cohesive material manufacture; Because the high temperature heavy-fluid process of cooling temperature difference is larger, be easy to make salt wherein reach the over-saturation state and separate out; Therefore, the heavy-fluid cooling separator is comprised of cooling room and separate chamber's two portions; In high temperature heavy-fluid and serpentine tube, the cooling clear liquid of circulation is in the cooling room heat exchange, and the cooling clear liquid after heat absorption, enter and supplement the salt liquid pump; Cooled heavy-fluid is transported to the bottom of separate chamber through central downtake, eliminate degree of supersaturation, crystallization and clarification, and clear liquid enters conduit in separate chamber's liquid level overflow, goes to mix with the cooling clear liquid that flows to vacuum evaporation crystallizer; The magma of separate chamber bottom, enter the solid-liquid separating machine and separate, and solid salt is during as product, washed, dry, packing processes; Solid salt during as the raw material of byproduct and recrystallization, chemistry, electrochemical treatment operation, is processed by the salt producing craft requirement; The isolated saltwater brine of solid-liquid separating machine is got back to cooling room and is mixed with cooled heavy-fluid; When control heavy-fluid process of cooling can make different types of salt separate out respectively, by the cooling range requirement, classification arranges the heavy-fluid cooling separator, makes the salt of different varieties, respectively in different separate chamber's crystallization, separation.

---described condensed water in high temperature water cooler: be that normal pressure is calmed the anger and distilled in module, condensed water and incondensable gas that cold water formula vaporizer-condenser is discharged, by the input of condensed water in high temperature pump, carry out preliminary cooling plate-type heat-exchange equipment; Cooling working medium is for supplementing saline solution, and the surface contacted with saline solution is corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, cohesive material not; The condensed water in high temperature pump is selected spiral pump, and bearing is that the normal pressure distillation module of calming the anger maintains condensing pressure simultaneously, discharges the function of incondensable gas; Before condensed water in high temperature enters the condensed water in high temperature pump, small pump is set, extract the part condensed water in high temperature, as the moisturizing of module secondary heat pump; In the cooled condensed water of condensed water in high temperature water cooler, be sent to the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler.

---described cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler: be the condensed water that clear liquid well heater, condensed water in high temperature water cooler are discharged, by the plate-type heat-exchange equipment of low temperature clear liquid cool to room temperature; Because cooling working medium is cooling clear liquid, so the surface contacted with saline solution is corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, cohesive material not; Non-condensable gas is simultaneously cooling with condensed water, reaches the condensed water of room temperature, and the Salingity Control Equipment check through being connected with the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler enters the desalination water tank as product water when qualified, and when defective, Salingity Control Equipment is reported to the police, and by its introducing technology water tank; Turn back to the evaporation of vacuum flashing chamber, the cooling of vacuum evaporation crystallizer after the heat absorption of low temperature clear liquid.

---the vacuum evaporation crystallizer in described device, cooling clear liquid pump, primary heat pump, clear liquid well heater, dry vacuum pump, salt liquid mixer, supplementing that salt liquid pump, circulation supplement the saline solution well heater, normal pressure is calmed the anger distillation for thermal modules, small pump, heavy-fluid cooling separator, solid-liquid separating machine, condensed water in high temperature water cooler, cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, is the calm the anger protection equipment of distillation module operation of normal pressure; The distillation of calming the anger of normal pressure in every grade configures by demand for the calm the anger quantity of distillation module of thermal modules and normal pressure, is to produce desalination water, carry out the concentrated main equipment of saline solution; When salt chemical engineering equipment needs heat supply, adjust the calm the anger exhaust pressure of distillation module secondary heat pump of normal pressure nearby, produce the steam that exceeds module demand superheating temperature, the mode by the vapour-liquid heat exchange makes salt chemical engineering equipment obtain heat, and can maintain the steam tail gas that module is moved, send module back to; When salt chemical engineering equipment needs directly to supply water vapour, shunting exceeds the steam of module demand superheating temperature, and the steam that can maintain the module operation is sent module back to, and obtains the water vapor part needed; Device not only can be realized the sea water desaltination of water salt coproduction, can also process other liquid that carry out evaporation concentration in this device.

---device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the separate out order of described device by salt in seawater, sorting equipment is set; As ironic hydroxide level, calcium carbonate level, sodium sulfate level, sodium-chlor level; Merge when classification is set, by the mixing salt of output stage; The output of bromine, sal epsom, magnesium chloride, Repone K, and mixing salt chemistry, electrochemical treatment, it is main should considering to be completed by salt chemical engineering equipment; The device planted agent arranges quick drainage and spray cleaning system, while in order to device, needing long period stop production to overhaul and the concentrated saline solution of conversion, and can be in time by saline solution, precipitate and removal of deposit in device; Inter-stage should configure the liquid storage pool of relevant saline solution and scavenging solution, and condensate tank, process water system can be carried out inter-stage and share.

The vacuum evaporation crystallizer of embodiment component devices, cooling clear liquid pump, primary heat pump, the clear liquid well heater, dry vacuum pump, the salt liquid mixer, supplement the salt liquid pump, circulation supplements the saline solution well heater, normal pressure is calmed the anger distillation for thermal modules, normal pressure is calmed the anger and is distilled module 1～n, small pump, the heavy-fluid cooling separator, the solid-liquid separating machine, the condensed water in high temperature water cooler, the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, salt chemical engineering equipment, prosecution instrument and attached pipeline, in technological design, material is selected, the design of equipment, type selecting and manufacture view, need to take into account the production technology features of desalination water and salt.

The pre-treatment of device raw material seawater, can streamline any further than the sewater pretreating method of distillation method, especially will save the organic and inorganic pharmaceutical chemicals added for antiscale; Because the antiscale problem is almost followed the whole process of sea water desaltination, concentrated salt manufacturing, the anti-scale removal performance of device itself, be only the key of water salt coproduction; Device is considered the design of heat-exchange equipment and saline solution transport pipe by the pattern of producing salt, avoid the delay at precipitate any position beyond liquid trap, separator, crystallisation chamber, make precipitate be difficult to corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, on the cohesive material surface, do not adhere to; Regularly carry out the alternating temperature operation, make the fouling self falling, in the bottom of liquid trap, separator, the top of crystallisation chamber, arrange strainer, so that separate in time and clear up the foulant come off; Consider that fouling is phenomenon common in Salt Production, in device, the scaling operation of heat-exchange equipment should be easy, and heat interchanging area should leave certain redundancy, and indivedual equipment that scaling operation can cause device to stop production, should consider Hot Spare.

In the situation that device classification make out the scale, by controlling the input flow rate of supplementary saline solutions at different levels, just can the interior material balance of control level; By compression ratio, the temperature out of clear liquid well heater condensed water, the temperature out of heavy-fluid cooling separator clear liquid and the associated cooling clear liquid of adjusting heat pump, the circular flow of room temperature condensed water, just can the interior thermal equilibrium of control level; These adjustment and control cognation often, need to realize automatization by prosecution instrument, electric machine speed regulation and system interlink sequence of control.Raw material seawater, saltwater brine, desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water, process water can produce bromine, the tail washings that produces salt and the mixing salt additive of saline solution as a supplement as the supplementary saline solution of device, and the stage of interpolation, mode and addition, required to determine by salt producing craft.

In device, normal pressure is calmed the anger and is distilled the operating temperature of module, operating temperature higher than traditional distillation seawater desalination system of calming the anger, need to adopt the better lagging material of heat-proof quality, relevant device and pipeline are incubated, prevent that heat lost by radiation from having a negative impact to the operational efficiency of device.The temperature of cooling clear liquid, lower than room temperature, can be used as the indirect cooling fluid of device cooling system.

This case has improved the sea water by distillation concentration process, reducing thermosteresis, improves heat transfer boundary condition, reduces the distillation cost, prevents fouling, separates in time precipitate, sets up the aspects such as salt chemical engineering equipment; For condition has been created in the coproduction of water salt; Adopted the steam-refrigerated confession-thermal technology of heat pump pressurized water, heat pump tonifying Qi, moisturizing pressurized water steam technology, matrix material is anticorrosion, preventing fouling and cold water formula evaporative condenser technology, and these technology are current advanced person's energy-conserving and environment-protective technology; Although these technology still await implementing checking at the actual net effect aspect the coproduction of water salt, relevant scientific payoffs and case study on implementation, illustrated the obvious effects of energy saving and emission reduction of these technical measures and the feasibility of Technological Economy aspect.The heat-pump-type normal pressure distillation seawater desalination water salt combination preparing device of calming the anger, the double technique characteristics of sea water desaltination and batch production preparing salt by working up seawater have been taken into account, only need electric power and seawater just can carry out the coproduction of water salt, if be able to smooth enforcement, desalination water will become the byproduct of marine chemical industry industry, and the target of desalination water resource utilization is by the near future.

Claims (9)

1. a sea water desaltination water salt combination preparing device, is characterized in that adopting heat pump refrigerating-heat supply process, and the saline solution that enters vacuum evaporation crystallizer is carried out to sweat cooling, for approaching the saline solution of degree of saturation, mode by cooling, provide supersaturation, crystallization condition, the crystallization that promotes salt with separate; Again temperature is used for to cooling condensed water lower than the low temperature clear liquid of room temperature, makes magma, condensed water and the discharge of incondensable gas room temperature, avoid the thermosteresis of material discharger; Selecting the water vapor compression machine of positive displacement speed regulating control is primary heat pump, and the water vapour of tonifying Qi Compression Evaporation generates the negative pressure superheated vapour by the demand superheating temperature, heats cooling clear liquid, generates high temperature and supplements saline solution; Cooling clear liquid becomes high temperature and supplements the heat that saline solution absorbs, and major part comes from overheated that water vapor produces when compressed, and high temperature supplements saline solution and starts one by one with the thermal source of concurrent heating and use as the normal pressure distillation module of calming the anger; When calming the anger by normal pressure, distillation supplies the thermal modules secondary heat pump, generation exceeds the steam of module demand heat, miscellaneous equipment is carried out to heat supply, can maintain again the steam tail gas of module operation, send the mode for thermal modules back to, while obtaining more economically the heat of heat pump pressurized water steam institute by-product, can make device no longer rely on extraneous concurrent heating, self start and normal operation and maintain; Utilize the normal pressure of the quantity required distillation module of calming the anger, the normal pressure that the carries out high water generation ratio distillation of calming the anger, the low-cost distillation scale of amplifying; Avoid the puzzlement of the dirty plug of burn into, scale formation for making device, consider the design of heat-exchange equipment and saline solution transport pipe by the pattern of producing salt, avoid saline solution delay with exterior domain at liquid trap, separate chamber, crystallisation chamber, reduce the precipitate precipitation, adhere to the risk that forms fouling; All surfaces directly contacted with saline solution in device, all adopt corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, cohesive material not; In order to reduce the delivery of steam resistance, strengthen the self-cleaning ability of saline solution heat exchange surface, immersion vapour-liquid heat exchange by the outer liquid of vapour in tradition, change liquid cold water formula vapour-liquid heat exchange in outer vapour into, and the heat exchanging tube outer surface carries out the large helix angle wing, reduction saline solution recoverable amount, reduce and start thermal load, reduce water vapor effusion resistance, reduce the vapor condenses water film thickness, improve heat transfer boundary condition; Circulation supplements the temperature atomizing spray of saline solution with the distillation module vaporization temperature of calming the anger a little more than normal pressure, avoids vaporize water steam supplementing saline solution, the condensation loss in the mass-and heat-transfer process with circulation; Heat transfer tube is suitable for reading, adds saline solution and distributes cap, prevents that dry wall, Concerning Flooding Phenomenon from occurring; Secondary heat pump moisturizing compression, when eliminating steam superheat, improve the usefulness of secondary heat pump; The separation facilities of saline solution precipitate is set, processes in time precipitate; Device carries out Design and manufacture with the form of modularization and classification, according to a large amount of precipitation phases of salt, and the saline solution concentration of demand and saline solution concentration and evaporation amount, matching set is in the scale of different varieties salt precipitation phase; Pretreated raw material seawater, after being concentrated to finite concentration, is taked the method that concentration is controlled, temperature is controlled and crystallization is controlled, and salt is separated out respectively by separating out in a large number order in different crystallisation chamber, thereby obtains the salt of different varieties; Mixing salt is carried out to recrystallize, chemistry, electrochemical processing, can access pure salt; The saltwater brine that will obtain in the solid-liquid sepn process and desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water, be transported in the next stage device saline solution as a supplement; The purification apparatus of bromine and salt is carried in configuration, makes device when producing desalination water, produces salt and salt chemical product with higher economic worth, for the coproduction of water salt creates conditions; This device by vacuum evaporation crystallizer, cooling clear liquid pump, primary heat pump, clear liquid well heater, dry vacuum pump, salt liquid mixer, supplement salt liquid pump, circulation and supplement the distillation of calming the anger of saline solution well heater, normal pressure and formed for calm the anger distillation module 1～n, small pump, heavy-fluid cooling separator, solid-liquid separating machine, condensed water in high temperature water cooler, cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, salt chemical engineering equipment, prosecution instrument and attached pipeline of thermal modules, normal pressure.

2. device claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described vacuum evaporation crystallizer: be comprised of vacuum flashing chamber and crystallisation chamber two portions; The cooling clear liquid that comes from the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, enter the evaporation of vacuum flashing chamber by pipeline and atomizing nozzle, and the water vapour of generation is after gear liquid and foam removal, by the primary heat pump sucking-off; After salt drop after concentrating, lowering the temperature collects, be transported to the bottom of crystallisation chamber through central downtake, eliminate degree of supersaturation, crystallization and clarification, clear liquid enters cooling clear liquid pipeline in the overflow of crystallisation chamber liquid level, under the driving of cooling clear liquid pump, to the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, absorbed heat, get back to the vacuum flashing chamber and again reduce temperature in the mode of transpiring moisture, for primary heat pump constantly provides the vaporize water steam, self obtain circulating concentrating; When saline solution reaches oversaturated degree, crystallisation chamber will constantly have the crystallization of salt; The magma of crystallisation chamber bottom, enter the solid-liquid separating machine by the magma pump, and solid salt is during as product, washed, dry, packing processes; Solid salt during as the raw material of byproduct and recrystallization, chemistry, electrochemical treatment operation, is processed by the salt producing craft requirement; Desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching water after the isolated saltwater brine of solid-liquid separating machine and the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, by salting out the supplementary salt solution of order as the next stage device.

3. device claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described clear liquid well heater: be to realize that the negative pressure overheated steam heat release that primary heat pump is discharged condenses, the heating clear liquid immerse the coil tube type heat-exchange equipment; The dry vacuum pump be attached thereto, provide the guarantee of required vacuum tightness; In the clear liquid well heater, saline solution from bottom to top, with corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, not in the cohesive material heat exchange coil, top-down negative pressure overheated steam carries out heat exchange, the high temperature saline solution enters and supplements the saline solution pipeline by overflow port, mix mutually with the cooling clear liquid from the heavy-fluid water cooler, the supplementary saline solution of condensed water in high temperature water cooler and the light liquid of cold water formula evaporative cooler through supplementing the salt liquid pump, become temperature and be applicable to the supplementary saline solution of circulation that normal pressure is calmed the anger and distilled module; Middle part at clear liquid well heater heat exchange coil, arrange aspirating hole, will pass through the part negative pressure water vapour that cooling, superheating temperature has obviously reduced, and is evacuated to primary heat pump as tonifying Qi, in order to control the superheating temperature of primary heat pump exhaust; The tail gas of negative pressure overheated steam, need by exhaust pipe, adopts the mode of the direct spray of condensed water of room temperature to carry out condensation again, to control the condensing pressure of negative pressure overheated steam; Control superheating temperature and the condensing temperature of primary heat pump exhaust by the clear liquid well heater, primary heat pump can be worked under higher Energy Efficiency Ratio operating mode; The condensed water of negative pressure overheated steam, after the incondensable gas entered by condensate pump suction, mixing dry vacuum pump, be input to the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, further lowers the temperature.

4. device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the described normal pressure distillation module of calming the anger: be under the condition that provides subnormal ambient and the contracting of evaporation vapour pressure to heat up at the secondary heat pump that supplements the salt liquid pump and provide circulation to supplement saline solution, module, make saline solution and water vapor carry out vapour-liquid circulation distillation in cold water formula vaporizer-condenser, produce the equipment of condensed water and concentrated saline solution, formed by secondary heat pump and cold water formula evaporative cooler; Wherein the secondary heat pump compression promotes the ability of water vapour sensible heat, is greater than module needs itself, can provide the module of by-product water vapour for miscellaneous equipment, is called normal pressure and calms the anger distillation for thermal modules; Module number, by the demand configuration, is the main part that produces condensed water, concentrated saline solution in device; Cold water formula vaporizer-condenser is comprised of evaporator room, evaporative condenser section and liquid trap, and working pressure is a little more than barometric point, and vapor condenses pressure is easy to maintain, and can adopt the splicing structure manufacture; The evaporator room on top is established spraying gun, liquid barrier and scum dredger; Large for dispelling the tradition vaporization heat loss that the distillation pattern exists of calming the anger, easily fouling, the saline solution recoverable amount is large, starts the large drawback of energy consumption; The evaporative condenser section employing salt liquid film attached jet at middle part drops down the mode of evaporation, improves the escape condition of water vapor, prevents fouling, strengthens the self-cleaning ability of heat-transfer surface, reduces the saline solution recoverable amount, reduces the thermal load that module starts; The evaporative condenser section is put together by modular tube sheet assembly, is easy to maximize; Shell side adds steam entry, baffle and the outlet of condensed water non-condensable gas, forms the water vapor passage; For the non-condensable gas that makes the shell side bottom can evenly be discharged, at the uniform non-condensable gas collection tube in shell side bottom, with the non-condensable gas outlet, be connected; Vertical tube side arranged side by side is the saline solution passage, and that the heat transfer tube internal surface adopts is corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, cohesive material not, and heat exchange pipe external surface carries out the large helix angle wing, and the heat transfer tube saline solution that adds suitable for reading distributes cap, prevents that dry wall, Concerning Flooding Phenomenon from occurring; In the saline solution passage, saline solution drops down with the form attached jet of salt liquid film from top to bottom, accept the heating of water vapor and the condensation water film thereof in next door, the moisture in the salt liquid film is subject to thermal evaporation, and the salt liquid film of escaping out forms water vapor, come together in the cavity at heat transfer tube center, under the suction of module secondary heat pump, from bottom to top with the countercurrent flow of salt liquid film, and mass-and heat-transfer, finally in evaporator room and circulation, supplement the direct mass-and heat-transfer of salt drop, become the water vapor that temperature is higher; Water vapor, by secondary heat pump suction, moisturizing compression, becomes the hyperthermia and superheating water vapor, enters the water vapor passage of shell side, carries out cooling, condensing process, and it is cooling that condensed water enters the condensed water in high temperature water cooler; From evaporator room atomizing spray, the saline solution that flows down through the heat transfer tube inwall, progressively concentrated because drying out, be pooled to the liquid trap liquid level that is positioned at cold water formula vaporizer-condenser bottom; Liquid trap is up big and down small back taper, make the concentrated saline solution collected be transported to the bottom of liquid trap through central downtake, distribute up and down by the quality weight, the light liquid of upper strata lighter weight, by supplementary salt liquid pump suction, the evaporator room that reenters cold water formula vaporizer-condenser carries out concentration process; The heavy-fluid that bottom layer quality is heavier, through pipeline enter the heavy-fluid cooling separator cooling, separate precipitate after, clear liquid adds in cooling clear liquid, continues evaporation, concentrated in the evaporator room of vacuum evaporation crystallizer.

5. device claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described heavy-fluid cooling separator: be high temperature heavy-fluid to be cooled to approach the immersed type heat exchange separating device of room temperature, coil heat exchanger adopts corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, not cohesive material manufacture; Because the high temperature heavy-fluid process of cooling temperature difference is larger, be easy to make salt wherein reach the over-saturation state and separate out; Therefore, the heavy-fluid cooling separator is comprised of cooling room and separate chamber's two portions; In high temperature heavy-fluid and serpentine tube, the cooling clear liquid of circulation is in the cooling room heat exchange, and the cooling clear liquid after heat absorption, enter and supplement the salt liquid pump; Cooled heavy-fluid is transported to the bottom of separate chamber through central downtake, eliminate degree of supersaturation, crystallization and clarification, and clear liquid enters conduit in separate chamber's liquid level overflow, goes to mix with the cooling clear liquid that flows to vacuum evaporation crystallizer; The magma of separate chamber bottom, enter the solid-liquid separating machine and separate, and solid salt is during as product, washed, dry, packing processes; Solid salt during as the raw material of byproduct and recrystallization, chemistry, electrochemical treatment operation, is processed by the salt producing craft requirement; The isolated saltwater brine of solid-liquid separating machine is got back to cooling room and is mixed with cooled heavy-fluid; When control heavy-fluid process of cooling can make different types of salt separate out respectively, by the cooling range requirement, classification arranges the heavy-fluid cooling separator, makes the salt of different varieties, respectively in different separate chamber's crystallization, separation.

6. device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described condensed water in high temperature water cooler: be that normal pressure is calmed the anger and distilled in module, condensed water and incondensable gas that cold water formula vaporizer-condenser is discharged, by the input of condensed water in high temperature pump, carry out preliminary cooling plate-type heat-exchange equipment; Cooling working medium is for supplementing saline solution, and the surface contacted with saline solution is corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, cohesive material not; The condensed water in high temperature pump is selected spiral pump, and bearing is that the normal pressure distillation module of calming the anger maintains condensing pressure simultaneously, discharges the function of incondensable gas; Before condensed water in high temperature enters the condensed water in high temperature pump, small pump is set, extract the part condensed water in high temperature, as the moisturizing of module secondary heat pump; In the cooled condensed water of condensed water in high temperature water cooler, be sent to the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler.

7. device claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler: be the condensed water that clear liquid well heater, condensed water in high temperature water cooler are discharged, by the plate-type heat-exchange equipment of low temperature clear liquid cool to room temperature; Because cooling working medium is cooling clear liquid, so the surface contacted with saline solution is corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, cohesive material not; Non-condensable gas is simultaneously cooling with condensed water, reaches the condensed water of room temperature, and the Salingity Control Equipment check through being connected with the cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler enters the desalination water tank as product water when qualified, and when defective, Salingity Control Equipment is reported to the police, and by its introducing technology water tank; Turn back to the evaporation of vacuum flashing chamber, the cooling of vacuum evaporation crystallizer after the heat absorption of low temperature clear liquid.

8. device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the vacuum evaporation crystallizer in described device, cooling clear liquid pump, primary heat pump, clear liquid well heater, dry vacuum pump, salt liquid mixer, supplement the salt liquid pump, circulation supplements the saline solution well heater, normal pressure is calmed the anger distillation is for thermal modules, small pump, heavy-fluid cooling separator, solid-liquid separating machine, condensed water in high temperature water cooler, cryogenic temperature condensation watercooler, is the calm the anger protection equipment of distillation module operation of normal pressure; The distillation of calming the anger of normal pressure in every grade configures by demand for the calm the anger quantity of distillation module of thermal modules and normal pressure, is to produce desalination water, carry out the concentrated main equipment of saline solution; When salt chemical engineering equipment needs heat supply, adjust the calm the anger exhaust pressure of distillation module secondary heat pump of normal pressure nearby, produce the steam that exceeds module demand superheating temperature, the mode by the vapour-liquid heat exchange makes salt chemical engineering equipment obtain heat, and can maintain the steam tail gas that module is moved, send module back to; When salt chemical engineering equipment needs directly to supply water vapour, shunting exceeds the steam of module demand superheating temperature, and the steam that can maintain the module operation is sent module back to, and obtains the water vapor part needed; Device not only can be realized the sea water desaltination of water salt coproduction, can also process other liquid that carry out evaporation concentration in this device.

9. device claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the separate out order of described device by salt in seawater, and sorting equipment is set; As ironic hydroxide level, calcium carbonate level, sodium sulfate level, sodium-chlor level; Merge when classification is set, by the mixing salt of output stage; The output of bromine, sal epsom, magnesium chloride, Repone K, and mixing salt chemistry, electrochemical treatment, it is main should considering to be completed by salt chemical engineering equipment; The device planted agent arranges quick drainage and spray cleaning system, while in order to device, needing long period stop production to overhaul and the concentrated saline solution of conversion, and can be in time by saline solution, precipitate and removal of deposit in device; Inter-stage should configure the liquid storage pool of relevant saline solution and scavenging solution, and condensate tank, process water system can be carried out inter-stage and share.