CN1034243A - The orientation of monolith breaks method - Google Patents
The orientation of monolith breaks method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1034243A CN1034243A CN 88100062 CN88100062A CN1034243A CN 1034243 A CN1034243 A CN 1034243A CN 88100062 CN88100062 CN 88100062 CN 88100062 A CN88100062 A CN 88100062A CN 1034243 A CN1034243 A CN 1034243A
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- wedge
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Abstract
It is to arrange oblate blind hole (6) in the surface line place system one of monolith (3) that the orientation of monolith breaks method; The major axis of each blind hole breaks line with orientation and overlaps under following condition, promptly use building stones to be broken for monolith to have great friction coefficient and the medium that under the load effect, becomes " definitely " strong body easily filled up each blind hole, above-mentioned medium by tamping, each fills up to insert in the hole (6) of medium and has got well wedge (8); Firmly hit each wedge (8) then.
Description
The present invention relates to mining industry and builing industry, the orientation that the invention relates to monolith or rather breaks method.
It is the most successful that the present invention is applied to exploit soft building stones.For example be used to exploit travertine.
In addition, the present invention can be applicable to exploit and is imbedded in underground valuable especially low seam rock.Be used for the monoblock rock is broken into sillar, again sillar broken blank building stones, curb and the theslabstone board etc. that become to meet to do the requirement of stone rank.The present invention even can be used for concrete pulverizing and break.
In history, large rock mass being collapsed into sillar carries out with manual mode of operation with wedge.This operation is to wait to break line in the surperficial upper edge of monoblock rock to dig out ditch earlier, and the wedge of exerting oneself in the per pass ditch again advances timber wedge, waters hot water to timber wedge then, is expanded and the generation rupture stress by timber wedge.But the production efficiency of this method is extremely low.
The commercial mining of natural stone is inchoate after metal wedge having occurred and having used it for cutter stone.Metal wedge can improve the labor productivity of the monoblock rock being broken into sillar significantly.Importantly this wedge is all available throughout the year, and can be used for breaking the stone of any hardness for a long time.Still be in the continuous improvement aspect the metal quality of structure and employing for metal wedge.
Known monolith orientation breaks method.It has surface at monolith along waiting to break line system tier eye, and the height of each borehole is consistent with the height of wedge, inserts the cheek of two band boss in each borehole, inserts a wedge then between two cheeks, and order is firmly hit wedge then; The result produces a kind of perpendicular to the rupture stress that breaks line on the interactional surface of wedge-cheek.
But, adopt said method that the monoblock rock of crumbly rock is broken into sillar and can not guarantee that the orientation of monolith breaks, because monolith is by wedging rock with cheek and breaking.Desire is broken into the monolith of valuable especially rock sillar and sillar is broken into the blank building stones, must use cheek and wedge rock drilling.And the result of cheek rock will stay the zanjon of borehole on the new surface that forms of sillar; So just must do further processing to the surface of new formation with the method for mill or thermojet.So just, can from the unit volume of building stones, reduce half-finished output.Wedge is not according to the direction that breaks location, will be not good owing to splitting to the inhomogeneous quality that forms cleaved surface of stress distribution in the process of reinforcing.
The characteristics that known orientation breaks method are, because borehole is the garden, it is big that the power that need add is wanted, thereby the amount of labour is also big.
In order to reduce the rupture stress that applies, once according to SU, A, 353837 tests of being done have drawn another kind of method.
This known method comprises: wait the line system that breaks one its major axis of row and the directed consistent flat garden shape blind hole of line that breaks in the surperficial upper edge of monoblock rock.In each blind hole, insert the metal cheek that can cause its vector to break the rupture stress of line and rupture stress evenly can be passed to rock perpendicular to orientation.According to making the wedge sword break the requirement that line overlaps conscientiously, wedge is inserted between the cheek then with orientation.Then firmly hit wedge, the work plane of wedge and cheek interacts and causes the monolith orientation to break as a result.
Be that right this method must be given making earlier for the monolith orientation and broken the shape hole, flat garden with optimum shape, therefore its maximum striking point is the most concentrated point of stress on the major axis in the hole of having dug out, thereby just can reduce significantly monolith is split into the required wedge power of hitting of stone.
Because crumbly rock is pressed into rock by cheek and breaks, so this method can not be used for crumbly rock.In addition, when realizing this method since can not make the wedge that contacts with cheek with its sword along waiting the line orientation of riving, so be difficult to guarantee the verticality of the vector of rupture stress to the demarcation face of riving.
Use cheek to require to make shape hole, large-sized relatively flat garden.And this point can cause the decline of cleave surface quality.For pit and other unevenness that polishes on the cleave surface just needs additional effort consumption.So not only damaged building stones but also raised the cost.
For the task of setting up a kind of like this method that the monolith orientation is broken as basis of the present invention.Be that the method is by changing the verticality for the treatment of the face of breaking with the vector of the interactional medium assurance of wedge rupture stress.
The method that the solution route of above-mentioned task breaks the monolith orientation, promptly system one is arranged flat garden shape blind hole on the surface of monolith, and the major axis of each blind hole breaks line with orientation and overlaps.According to making wedge sword and orientation break the practical requirement that overlaps of line wedge is inserted each blind hole then, then firmly hit wedge.According to the present invention, wedge is inserted before each blind hole, have with the building stones to be broken to monolith great friction coefficient and become easily under the load effect: the exhausted bath sheltered color dike a surname and admired big shield formula and grow and wash and scold Qu and scull real fertile idle
Adopt this method can improve the quality of building stones cleave surface, and considerable reduce barren rock, from the monolith unit volume, increase commercial half-finished output and reduce cost.Owing to dwindling and having changed the wedge hole, the substitute that has obtained the metallic support cheek is done medium.This medium is treated and is broken building stones great friction coefficient is arranged, and becomes " definitely " strong body easily.The medium that is adopted in said method evenly distributes by the stress of riving that the whole unevenness in the inwall of shape hole, the flat garden of tamping levelling allow firmly to squeeze on the support wedge in this medium.This explanation is effective to the quality of building stones cleave surface.Make the quality that shape hole, flat garden helps the building stones cleave surface equally, because occur damaging the situation of stone hardly with shape hole, flat garden.If add the method that the wedge wedge is opened with borehole, then on cleave surface, leave the vestige of borehole, further processing is done with the method for mill or thermojet in that surface that just must will newly form.And add the method that the wedge wedge is opened with shape hole, flat garden, then should the surface near smooth.
Suggestion uses paper as medium.
Also can be with polyethylene as medium.
Why paper and polyethylene can be used as medium, are because paper and polyethylene can fill up the injustice place on building stones surface well, guarantee medium and the good combination of building stones, that is are can make high friction factor is arranged between medium and the building stones.In addition, paper and polyethylene have high friction factor for metal wedge, and when firmly hitting each wedge, they have the ability that becomes easily to " definitely " strong body of building stones transmission rupture stress again.Since paper still is polyethylene all is the medium that loosens, can guarantee all the time that then the wedge sword breaks overlapping of line with directed, can guarantee that also the vector of rupture stress is perpendicular to the demarcation face of riving.
Essence of the present invention can be well understood to from following specific embodiment of finishing and diagrammatic sketch more.Wherein:
Fig. 1 realizes that according to the present invention the monolith orientation breaks the schematic diagram of method.
Fig. 2 is produced on shape hole, the lip-deep flat garden of monolith enlarged drawing.
Fig. 3, the plane profile of waiting to break vertical plane of monolith.
With the travertine is example, breaks method according to the present invention for the orientation of monolith and implements in the following manner:
In rock mass 1, dig out a moat ditch 2, and make it to form a clear passage that leads to the monolith 3 for the treatment of that orientation breaks.Method with trench digging is left an exposed surface 4 again.If on the bottom of rock mass 1, do not have self-open, also must leave a ditch 5.Hole 6(Fig. 2 draws on surface of that remaining preliminary cleaning in footpath) sign.Hole 6(Fig. 1) distance between is to equate each other.Make flat garden shape blind hole (Fig. 2) by the sign that on monolith 3, draws.Hole 6 usefulness are had the medium of great friction coefficient to building stones, for example use paper 7(Fig. 3) fill up and tamping.The requirement that overlaps with the longitudinal axis in hole 6 according to the wedge sword that makes support wedge 8 is then inserted support wedge 8 in each hole 6.Hit each support wedge 8 with hand hammer with power P.Wedge 8 interacts with the paper of two working surfaces and tamping as a result, and the paper of tamping just becomes " definitely " the strong body that transmits rupture stress to rock.The vector P of rupture stress
IBreak line perpendicular to orientation.
Paper can be with support wedge 8 jam-packs in hole 6.Paper is smash tightly more, and it can launch the unevenness of hole 6 inwalls better more; So just, the stress of riving on the support wedge 8 that can distribute more equably, and then improve the surface quality at the place of riving when being split into slabstone by monolith.
This method of suggestion is actual can be increased commercial half-finished output, reduce cost and reduce barren rock from the unit volume of monolith.
According to this method of the present invention can be used for exploiting natural rock low seam, the monoblock rock is processed into sillar, sillar is processed into Shi Jieshi, curb and theslabstone board again.
Claims (3)
1, the method that the monolith orientation breaks is exactly system one row's flat garden shape blind hole (6) on the surface of monolith (3), the major axis of each blind hole breaks line with orientation and overlaps, break in the practical requirement that overlaps of line each hole (6) that wedge (8) insertion is above-mentioned with directed according to the wedge sword that makes wedge (8) then, and firmly hit each wedge (8), the characteristics of the method are to insert wedge (8) before to each hole (6), fill up the medium that building stones to be broken for monolith (3) have great friction coefficient and become " definitely " strong matter easily under the load effect, and will be with the medium tamping.
2, the characteristics of the method that breaks according to claim 1 monolith orientation are to adopt paper 7 as medium.
3, the characteristics of the method that breaks according to claim 1 monolith orientation are to adopt polyethylene as medium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100062 CN1034243A (en) | 1988-01-11 | 1988-01-11 | The orientation of monolith breaks method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100062 CN1034243A (en) | 1988-01-11 | 1988-01-11 | The orientation of monolith breaks method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1034243A true CN1034243A (en) | 1989-07-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100062 Pending CN1034243A (en) | 1988-01-11 | 1988-01-11 | The orientation of monolith breaks method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1034243A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1065946C (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 2001-05-16 | 曲来印 | Splitting method for quarrying stone material and its splitter |
| CN109252864A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-22 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A method of there is rough surface slabstone in mine pit mining |
-
1988
- 1988-01-11 CN CN 88100062 patent/CN1034243A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1065946C (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 2001-05-16 | 曲来印 | Splitting method for quarrying stone material and its splitter |
| CN109252864A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-22 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A method of there is rough surface slabstone in mine pit mining |
| CN109252864B (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-11-08 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A method of there is rough surface slabstone in mine pit mining |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |