CN103422277A - Composite crystal change modification method of cotton yarn - Google Patents
Composite crystal change modification method of cotton yarn Download PDFInfo
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- CN103422277A CN103422277A CN2013103180849A CN201310318084A CN103422277A CN 103422277 A CN103422277 A CN 103422277A CN 2013103180849 A CN2013103180849 A CN 2013103180849A CN 201310318084 A CN201310318084 A CN 201310318084A CN 103422277 A CN103422277 A CN 103422277A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite crystal change modification method of cotton yarn. According to the method, the cotton yarn is placed in a closed container, a modification medium is added into the container, pressure is raised to modification pressure, then, the pressure is released instantly, the combined effect of vacuumization, high-speed centrifugal rotation and drafting and microwave is used for removing the modified medium, and therefore composite crystal change and modified cotton yarn can be obtained. According to the crystal change and modified cotton yarn, pores are increased, degree of crystallinity is reduced, the yarn is soft, and therefore size stability, flexibility, dyeing performance and the like of products are improved; the method of pressure instant release is adopted, and the fluffiness and flexibility of the yarn are improved greatly; the combined effect of vacuumization, high-speed centrifugal rotation and drafting and microwave is adopted, therefore, yarn quality is further improved, and modification efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton, specifically a kind of by the modification medium being boosted to modifier pressure, pressurize a period of time, abrupt release pressure then, then adopt vacuumize, high speed centrifugation rotation drawing-off and microwave combined effect remove the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton of modification medium.
Background technology
The cotton elongated flexible, good hygroscopicity, anti-highly basic, organic solvent-resistant, bleach tolerant and heat insulation heat-resisting, be the most large natural yarn.But its elasticity and elasticity are restorative poor, easily mouldy, inflammable, dyeing energy consumption and pollution are all larger, and dye-uptake and COLOR FASTNESS are not high yet.
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method.It is processing modified etc. that physical modification method mainly comprises that discharge technology modification, high steam dodge quick-fried modification, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave irradiation modification, liquefied ammonia.Chemical modification method mainly comprises esters modification, ethers modification, graft modification and cross-linking modified etc.Biological modified method mainly utilizes the processing such as biology enzyme is come unstuck, polishing.
The method of modifying that has formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly contains the processing modified and alkali mercerized modification of liquefied ammonia.Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized processing has similar effect, as characteristics such as natural crimp disappear, cross section becomes circle, inner chamber diminishes, but the residual alkali lye of alkali mercerized modification is difficult for removing and also can cause yarn to melt erosion and inhomogeneities, and topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modification.The domestic liquefied ammonia that utilizes is as the modification medium, in the collect yarn of boost-pressurize of routine in closed container-again, the method for modification medium has certain effect to cotton, but the method is modification for once, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce not obvious, dyeability do not have be improved significantly.
Summary of the invention
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cotton, specifically a kind of by the modification medium is pressurized to modifier pressure, and after pressurize a period of time, abrupt release pressure, then employing vacuumizes, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of the cotton of microwave combined effect removal modification medium.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton of the present invention, that cotton is placed in to closed container, be filled with the modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, employing vacuumizes again, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and microwave combined effect removal modification medium, obtains the compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes.Its principle is: cotton is placed in to closed container, movable sealing under the under high pressure movable sealing of this closed container and negative pressure, and zero leakage.By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium speed governing topping up, can regulate the flow, time and the temperature that are filled with modification medium in closed container, thereby the rate of change of pressure, two-phase interface and the above-mentioned parameter of regulation and control modification, and then the technological parameters such as permeability, infiltration rate and evaporation rate of regulation and control liquid medium; Regulate the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously; Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, the modification medium is penetrated in the yarn tissue preferably, the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of reconstruct yarn fibers element, changed the microstructure of yarn, the motion of aggravation yarn fibers element macromolecular chain segment, make the intermolecular generation swelling action of yarn fibers element, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, and has realized the once regulation and control of yarn lattice structure.Again by the high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified media in the abrupt release closed container, produce huge pressure reduction in yarn organization internal and outside moment, form high speed quick-fried swollen, the diffusion coefficient of modification medium significantly improved, Perfect Reconstruction the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of yarn fibers element, the intermolecular swelling action of yarn fibers element is more thorough, hole increases obviously, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, and has realized the secondary regulation and control of yarn lattice structure.Finally adopt again vacuumize, high speed centrifugation rotation drawing-off and microwave combined effect, promoted mercerization effect, degree of crystallinity also decreases, realized the regulation and control for the third time of yarn lattice structure and removed the modification medium in cotton simultaneously, significantly improve modification efficiency, completed the described compound brilliant modification that becomes.For the yarn of different-stiffness, different constituents, regulate the relevant parameter of three regulation and control of yarn lattice structure, can realize the described compound brilliant modification that becomes.Compoundly brilliant become after modification cotton to have softness good, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improved the spinning of yarn, knit, the metachromia energy, become the remarkable material that newly spins.
As preferred technical scheme:
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above, the fineness of described cotton is 5～100.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above, three regulation and control by the yarn lattice structure, make the intermolecular swelling action of yarn fibers element more thorough, hole obviously increases, degree of crystallinity obviously reduces, and dye-uptake improves, and COLOR FASTNESS improves, the mercerising degree improves, and finally adopts high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize the modification medium that method of evaporating parallel or that replace removes in cotton to have completed the described compound brilliant modification that becomes.Adopt the described compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes, can make the compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification cotton compare with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton, hole increases 11%～16%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 13%～18%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes is compared with described cotton, and dye-uptake improves 22%～25%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 17%～25%, and the mercerising degree improves, and modification efficiency improves 15%～20%.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above, the modification medium is liquefied ammonia; The modification medium need possess following 3 features: 1) have good diffusivity; 2) can and the yarn fibers element between form a large amount of hydrogen bonds, the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of reconstruct yarn fibers element, improve the swelling behavior of yarn fibers element; 3) be easy to the phase transformation regulation and control, be convenient to the evaporation of modification medium and reclaim.And liquefied ammonia has, molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be easy to the special physical propertys such as phase transformation, and these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above-mentioned three features.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above, the modifier pressure abrupt release, it is poor that moment produces high pressure, can significantly improve the diffusion coefficient of modification medium, makes cotton produce abundant swelling, is the compound brilliant critical process process that becomes modification.To different cottons, the modifier pressure difference of requirement, the speed difference of earth pressure release, the pressure differential difference that moment produces, under the prerequisite that does not improve modifier pressure, obtain high as far as possible release pressure poor, should make modifier pressure drop to negative pressure.To cotton, modifier pressure need to be more than or equal to 0.5MPa, can reach 1.2MPa.Therefore described modifier pressure should be 0.5～1.2MPa.
Poor for obtaining high as far as possible release pressure, should make modifier pressure drop to negative pressure, so the abrupt release of modifier pressure, require modifier pressure moment drop to modifier pressure 1% and below.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above, for the standard technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above, obtain good swelling effect, 1% the time that requires pressure to drop to modifier pressure from modifier pressure is less than or equal to 5.0 seconds and gets final product, at 3 seconds～5 seconds, be advisable, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 3 seconds～5 seconds, and the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 0.3MPa/s～0.5MPa/s.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above, for obtaining good diffusivity and the best modified effect of modification medium, and the modifying process energy consumes minimum, the flow, time and the temperature that need ammoniacal liquor in regulation and control topping up process, reach the purpose of regulation and control pressure, and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process.And the process of boosting is one of most important influence factor, need adopt the different processes of boosting to different yarns, a large number of experiments show that: cotton content of cellulose accounting is more than 90%, the yarn institutional framework is even, be applicable to using the constant speed boosting mode, the constant speed rate of pressure rise of cotton is advisable at 0.1～0.5MPa/min.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above, in modifying process, the rear pressurize a period of time of boosting is for the modification medium can be penetrated in the yarn institutional framework more fully, better completes the intermolecular hydrogen bond network reconstruct of yarn fibers element.This process is all necessary to the compound brilliant change modification of all yarns.To cotton, the rear pressurize 1min that boosts is above to be got final product, and the dwell time is advisable at 1～10min, and therefore the described rear dwell time of boosting is 1～10min.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton as above is removed the modification medium in the regulation and control of lattice for the third time of cotton.
Lattice for the third time as above is regulated to and vacuumizes, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and microwave combined effect concurrent running or alternate run.Be evacuated to negative pressure and following; High speed centrifugation rotary speed to 100～160rpm, rotational time can reach 10min, radially drawing-off to 1～2.5mm; The single modification still power of heating using microwave is between 1kW～20kW.In the time of the regulation and control of described lattice for the third time, remove the modification medium for vacuumizing, the high speed centrifugation rotation takes off liquid and heating using microwave concurrent running or alternate run.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1. the present invention reaches the modification purpose by changing crystal structure.Yarn after modification overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, soft yarns, has improved DIMENSIONAL STABILITY, flexibility, level-dyeing property and the dyeability etc. of product.
2. the present invention adopts the method for abrupt release pressure, makes the maximum swelling of yarn after modification dodge quick-fried, and softness is good, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, has significantly improved the spinning of yarn, knits, the metachromia energy, becomes the remarkable material that newly spins.
3. provide a kind of anhydrous, almost without dielectric loss, pollution-free, zero-emission, energy-conservation, efficient cotton method of modifying.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only are not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
A kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton, the cotton of 5 is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.1MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 0.5Mpa, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.3MPa/s to 0.005Mpa.Finally adopt high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium in cotton, obtain the compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes.Wherein the high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 100rpm, and rotational time can reach 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 1mm; The single modification still power of heating using microwave is 1kW; Be evacuated to negative pressure and following.The described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification cotton is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 13%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes is compared with described cotton, and dye-uptake improves 22%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 17%, and modification efficiency improves 15%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton, the cotton of 32 is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.1MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 0.8Mpa, pressurize 5min, then in 4 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.3MPa/s to 0.008Mpa.Finally adopt high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium in cotton, obtain the compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes.Wherein the high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 120rpm, and rotational time can reach 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 2mm; The single modification still power of heating using microwave is 5kW; Be evacuated to negative pressure and following.The described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification cotton is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton, and hole increases 12%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 15%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes is compared with described cotton, and dye-uptake improves 22%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 19%, and modification efficiency improves 15%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton, the cotton of 80 is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.1MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1Mpa, pressurize 5min, then in 4 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.4MPa/s to 0.005Mpa.Finally adopt high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium in cotton, obtain the compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes.Wherein the high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 140rpm, and rotational time can reach 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 2mm; The single modification still power of heating using microwave is 10kW; Be evacuated to negative pressure and following.The described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification cotton is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton, and hole increases 13%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 15%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes is compared with described cotton, and dye-uptake improves 30%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%, and modification efficiency improves 16%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton, the cotton of 100 is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.5MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1.2Mpa, pressurize 10min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.012Mpa.Finally adopt high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize method of evaporating alternately and remove the modification medium in cotton, obtain the compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes.High speed centrifugation rotary speed to 100～160rpm wherein, rotational time can reach 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 2.5mm; The single modification still power of heating using microwave is 20kW; Be evacuated to negative pressure and following.The described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification cotton is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton, and hole increases 16%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 18%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes is compared with described cotton, and dye-uptake improves 35%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 25%, and modification efficiency improves 20%.
Claims (10)
1. the compound crystalline substance of a cotton becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that: cotton is placed in to closed container, be filled with the modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, employing vacuumizes again, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and microwave combined effect removal modification medium, obtains the compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes.
2. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the fineness of described cotton is 5～100.
3. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification cotton is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton, and hole increases 11%～16%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 13%～18%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton that becomes is compared with described cotton, and dye-uptake improves 22%～35%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 17%～25%, and modification efficiency improves 15%～20%.
4. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described modification medium is liquefied ammonia.
5. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described modifier pressure is 0.5～1.2MPa, described abrupt release pressure refer to pressure moment drop to described modifier pressure 1% and below.
6. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described pressure is absolute pressure.
7. a kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, described moment refers to 3 seconds～and 5 seconds, the rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 0.3MPa/s～0.5MPa/s.
8. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described boosting boosted for constant speed, and rate of pressure rise is 0.1MPa/min～0.5MPa/min.
9. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton according to claim 1, is characterized in that, rear maintenance 1min～10min boosts.
10. the compound crystalline substance of a kind of cotton according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, describedly vacuumize, high speed centrifugation rotation drawing-off and microwave combined acting as: vacuumize until negative pressure and following, high speed centrifugation rotary speed to 100～160rpm, radially drawing-off to 1～2.5mm, microwave, vacuumize and high speed centrifugation rotation drawing-off synergy, concurrent running or alternate run, remove the modification medium in cotton.
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| CN201310318084.9A CN103422277B (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | A kind of compound crystal variation modification method of cotton |
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| CN201310318084.9A CN103422277B (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | A kind of compound crystal variation modification method of cotton |
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| CN103422277B CN103422277B (en) | 2015-10-21 |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105463840A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-04-06 | 崔志锋 | A novel polymer antibacterial agent |
| CN110725082A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-01-24 | 安徽翰联色纺股份有限公司 | Yarn shaping equipment |
| CN112226862A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 安徽荣业纺织有限公司 | Preparation method of high-dye-uptake and high-strength cotton textile yarns |
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| CN101413213A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2009-04-22 | 上海业安纺织科技有限责任公司 | Liquid ammonia modified method of cotton fibriia and yarn |
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2013
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| CN101413213A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2009-04-22 | 上海业安纺织科技有限责任公司 | Liquid ammonia modified method of cotton fibriia and yarn |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105463840A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-04-06 | 崔志锋 | A novel polymer antibacterial agent |
| CN110725082A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-01-24 | 安徽翰联色纺股份有限公司 | Yarn shaping equipment |
| CN112226862A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 安徽荣业纺织有限公司 | Preparation method of high-dye-uptake and high-strength cotton textile yarns |
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