CN103421556B - Diesel fuel complex additive and preparation method thereof and application - Google Patents
Diesel fuel complex additive and preparation method thereof and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103421556B CN103421556B CN201310326132.9A CN201310326132A CN103421556B CN 103421556 B CN103421556 B CN 103421556B CN 201310326132 A CN201310326132 A CN 201310326132A CN 103421556 B CN103421556 B CN 103421556B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of diesel fuel complex additive and the Dresel fuel compositions containing this diesel fuel complex additive, this diesel fuel complex additive comprises purification agent, carries agent and friction improver, described purification agent is polyisobutylene succinamide, one of polyisobutene polyamines or alkylamine, or for by the alkylphenol of R base molecular weight≤400 and the polyamines mixture through the Mannich base synthesized by Mannich reaction and polyisobutylene succinamide, one of polyisobutene polyamines or alkylamine; It is described that to carry agent be one of polyethers or polyetheramine; Described friction improver is the one in ester class and fatty acid ammonium salt.To solve in prior art friction improver synergetic property in diesel fuel complex additive poor, and then affect the low problem of composite additive oil-saving discharging-reducing function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite additive, relate in particular to a kind of composite additive for diesel oil and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
As everyone knows, containing more unsaturated hydro carbons and sulphur, nitrogen compound in diesel oil fuel, easily contact with air in storage with use procedure and be oxidized to colloid, easily generating carbon distribution and settling at fuel tank, purifier and nozzle place, thus cause fuel feeding not smooth, air-fuel ratio is lacked of proper care, incomplete combustion, waste fuel, reduces motor efficiency, discharge a large amount of obnoxious flavoures, also increase the friction and wear between moving parts simultaneously.In recent years, along with automotive industry fast development, the usage quantity of automobile also sharply increases, and also directly causes energy supply and demand nervous thus, cause fuel price constantly objectionable impurities that is soaring and motor vehicle exhaust increase, cause the problem of air environmental pollution more serious.
For solving the problems that above-mentioned diesel oil exists in combustion, usually two kinds of modes are taked to promote its performance to diesel oil:: be further the operations such as refining hydrogenation or solvent extraction are carried out to diesel oil on the one hand, the content being reduced the objectionable constituent such as sulphur, nitrogen, aromatic hydrocarbons in fuel by the petroleum refining process such as hydrofining improves the effective technological line of fuel oil quality, but require very high to hydrogenation catalyst and reaction process, tooling cost is higher; Be then add one or more multi-effect composite additives in existing diesel oil fuel on the other hand, utilize the performance between different additive to play the effect improving diesel fuel characteristics.A kind of rear method can increase detergency and the oilness of diesel oil, and current diesel oil fuel uses interpolation composite additive mostly.
In prior art, can be used for adding in the composite additive in diesel oil and generally comprise purification agent, friction improver, carry agent, lubricant etc. additive component, add mode can single or part mix interpolation, this depend on for improve diesel fuel characteristics and additive between mating reaction.
Usually, the constituent species playing function not of the same race in the composite additive added in prior art is more, , this just brings a problem, namely its synergetic property is poor, such as reduce friction owing to rising in composite additive, the friction improver synergetic property improving fuel efficiency is poor, the content causing it to be dissolved in diesel oil is lower, and then make the reduction friction of friction improver, the function improving fuel efficiency reduces, and then have influence on the overall effect that diesel oil is improved of composite additive, in order to the overall function improved diesel oil of synergetic property and composite additive improving friction improver, the general addition by increasing friction improver, improve its content in diesel oil, and then improve its result of use.But, owing to adding the addition of friction improver, increase the carbon distribution in diesel oil, increase the burden of the cleansing performance of purification agent, also greatly increases cost simultaneously, economy is poor, and its function is not significantly improved yet, also may bring because additive ratio in diesel oil improves, and the content of diesel oil reduces simultaneously, and affect the problem of the dynamic property of automobile.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is that in the composite additive for diesel oil, friction improver synergetic property is poor, and then affect composite additive oil-saving discharging-reducing function, and then provide a kind of, for diesel oil, there is the composite additive and preparation method that synergetic property is good, oil-saving discharging-reducing function is strong.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention discloses a kind of diesel fuel complex additive, described composite additive comprises purification agent that ratio of weight and number is 1:0.1-1:0.1-1, carries agent and friction improver:
Described purification agent is polyisobutylene succinamide, one of polyisobutene polyamines or alkylamine, or for by the alkylphenol of R base molecular weight≤400 and the polyamines mixture through the Mannich base synthesized by Mannich reaction and polyisobutylene succinamide, one of polyisobutene polyamines or alkylamine;
It is described that to carry agent be one of polyethers or polyetheramine;
Friction improver, described friction improver is the one in ester class or fatty acid ammonium salt.Described ester class is the mono-glycerides of oleic acid, presses 1:1 molar ratio reaction by oleic acid and glycerine, and described fatty acid ammonium salt is the product that vegetable oil acid and oleyl amine react.
Preferably, described purification agent, the ratio of weight and number that carries agent and friction improver are 1:0.2-0.8:0.2-0.8.
Described ester class is the mono-glycerides of oleic acid, presses 1:1 molar ratio reaction by oleic acid and glycerine.
Described fatty acid ammonium salt is the main fatty acid ammonium salt containing 16,18,20 and 22 carbon atoms, the amine salt of described vegetable oil acid be containing 70% the vegetable oil acid of lipid acid of 18 carbon atoms and the product that reacts of oleyl amine.
In described friction improver, there is described in the described content containing the fatty acid ammonium salt of 18 carbon atoms is greater than respectively the content of 16,20 and 22 fat of carbon atom acid ammonium salts, the amine salt of described vegetable oil acid be containing 80% the vegetable oil acid of lipid acid of 18 carbon atoms and the product that reacts of oleyl amine.
The described fatty acid ammonium salt with 18 carbon atoms comprises unsaturated fatty acids acid ammonium salt and saturated fatty acid ammonium salt, and the content of described unsaturated fatty acids acid ammonium salt be greater than described saturated fatty acid ammonium salt content described in the amine salt of vegetable oil acid be containing 90% the vegetable oil acid of lipid acid of 18 carbon atoms and the product that reacts of oleyl amine.
Described diesel fuel complex additive is prepared by the method by being in harmonious proportion, in harmonic process, in order to make the mixing of each component and the more even homogeneous of mediation, those skilled in the art can according to the usual understanding to each constitutive property, suitable solvent is selected to carry out the use of auxiliary mediation, but whether the interpolation of solvent does not in fact affect the improvement of described compositions of additives to gasoline performance, only as the use improving its solubility property.The addition of described solvent can make above-mentioned each components dissolved for benchmark well known to a person skilled in the art.
Present invention also offers the method preparing described diesel fuel complex additive, comprise and get described friction improver, described purification agent according to selected weight part ratio and describedly carry agent, carry out the step be in harmonious proportion in room temperature to 60 DEG C.And comprise the step selecting suitable solvent to assist mediation further.
Described diesel fuel complex additive is applied to and improves diesel fuel characteristics field.
Present invention also offers a kind of diesel component containing described diesel fuel complex additive, described diesel fuel complex additive is 100-1000ppm based on the addition of diesel oil.If containing the auxiliary solvent that is in harmonious proportion in described compositions of additives, then only with the total of not solvent-laden additive, lower same.
Preferably, in described diesel component, described diesel fuel complex additive is 100-800ppm based on the addition of diesel oil.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) of the present invention be applicable to diesel-dope composite additive, comprising purification agent is one in polyisobutylene succinamide, polyisobutene polyamines and alkylamine, or for by the alkylphenol of R base molecular weight≤400 and the polyamines mixture through the Mannich base synthesized by Mannich reaction and polyisobutenyl succinic diamide, one of polyisobutene polyamines or alkylamine, carrying agent is one in polyethers or polyetheramine, and friction improver is the one in the ammonium salt of lipid or lipid acid.Above-mentioned each component acting in conjunction, the synergetic property of described composite additive is improved, its fuel-economizing, reduce discharging function also to significantly improve, compared with adding the diesel oil after composite additive of the present invention and not adding the diesel oil of any additive, or compared with adding the diesel oil of composite additive in prior art, smoke intensity and fuel consumption per hundred kilometers reduce all greatly.Composite additive of the present invention improves the quality of diesel oil significantly, improves its efficiency of combustion, and reduce oil consumption, also reduce smoke intensity, therefore the synergetic property of this diesel fuel complex additive is good, has the function of significant fuel-economizing and environmental protection simultaneously;
(2) diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention, described fatty acid ammonium salt is the ammonium salt of the main lipid acid containing 16,18,20 and 22 carbon atoms.By selecting the ammonium salt mainly containing the lipid acid of 16,18,20 and 22 carbon atoms, can make to be added with the purification agent in the diesel fuel complex additive of this fatty acid ammonium salt, carry agent and friction improver synergetic property is more excellent, fuel-economizing, the emission reduction effect of diesel oil strengthen;
(3) diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention, in described fatty acid ammonium salt the content of the ammonium salt of the lipid acid of 18 carbon atoms be greater than respectively described in there is the content of 16,20 and 22 fat of carbon atom acid ammonium salts.By selecting diesel fuel complex additive according to aforementioned proportion, the oil soluble of the ammonium salt of lipid acid improves, and then makes the synergetic property of diesel fuel complex additive obtain further raising, further improves the quality of diesel oil;
(4) diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention, by shown friction improver, described purification agent with describedly carry agent and carry out mediation in room temperature to 60 DEG C and prepare.The diesel fuel complex additive synergetic property prepared according to above-mentioned steps is better;
(5) diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention, may be used for the application improving diesel fuel characteristics field, solves the problem of diesel fuel complex additive synergetic property difference in prior art;
(6) diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention, described diesel fuel complex additive is 100-1000ppm based on the content of diesel oil.Form diesel component together with being in harmonious proportion with described diesel fuel complex additive by diesel oil according to aforementioned proportion, the quality of the diesel oil in this diesel component is improved, and makes being significantly improved of the fuel-economizing of diesel oil and smoke intensity, and maintains certain dynamic property.
Embodiment
Purification agent used in the following example, carry agent and friction improver is common commercially available prod, the above-claimed cpd of different manufacturers, different model all can realize object of the present invention, effect no significant difference, following each embodiment of the present invention only with the compound of following model and manufacturer for representative, carry out the elaboration of technique effect, be not limited to the compound of following cited model and manufacturer.
Model and the manufacturer of described purification agent are as follows:
Described polyisobutylene succinamide model is Hitec4249LS, purchased from Ya Fudun company;
Described polyisobutene polyamines is called for short " PIB-EDA ", and chemical name is polyisobutene quadrol (N-polyisobutenyl-1,2-diamino ethamine), and model is OGA-472, purchased from Ao Lunnai company;
Described alkylamine model is PRIMENE
tM81-R amine, purchased from Dow Chemical;
Described Mannich base is high-activity polyisobutene (molecular weight 350) and phenol reactant, and reaction product and formaldehyde and diethylenetriamine are through Mannich reaction, and the product of gained reaction product, is produced by hero Hui Neng company, trade mark B-3;
Described carry agent model and manufacturer as follows:
Described polyethers is alkyl alcohol poly(propylene oxide), and model is SAP949, purchased from Shell Co. Ltd;
Described polyetheramine model is OGA480, purchased from Ao Lunnai company;
Model and the manufacturer of described friction improver are as follows:
Described ester class is the mono-glycerides of oleic acid, presses 1:1 molar ratio reaction products therefrom product by oleic acid and glycerine, described oleic acid go alone ester type number for Infineum R655, purchased from Run Yinglian company;
Described fatty acid ammonium salt is that vegetable oil acid and oleyl amine carry out reaction products therefrom product by 1:1 mol ratio, is produced, trade mark B-2 by hero Hui Neng company.
Embodiment 1
Diesel fuel complex additive described in the present embodiment, comprises purification agent that ratio of weight and number is 1:1:0.1, carries agent and friction improver, wherein:
Described purification agent is polyisobutylene succinamide 10g;
It is described that to carry agent be polyethers 10g;
Described friction improver is the mono-glycerides 1g of oleic acid.
According to selected quantity by above-mentioned purification agent, carry agent and friction improver mixing, and add the Solvesso S150 aromatic solvent that appropriate Exxon Mobil Corporation produces and be in harmonious proportion, be in harmonious proportion in room temperature to 60 DEG C, form described diesel fuel complex additive.
Embodiment 2
Diesel fuel complex additive described in the present embodiment, comprises purification agent that ratio of weight and number is 1:0.1:1, carries agent and friction improver, wherein:
Described purification agent is polyisobutene polyamines 10g;
It is described that to carry agent be polyetheramine 1g;
Described friction improver is fatty acid ammonium salt 10g.
Get above-mentioned purification agent according to selected quantity, carry agent and friction improver mixing, and the Exxsol D60 alkane solvent that the Exxon Mobil Corporation adding q.s produces is in harmonious proportion, at room temperature to 60 DEG C, carry out mediations obtain described diesel fuel complex additive.
Embodiment 3
Diesel fuel complex additive described in the present embodiment, comprises purification agent that ratio of weight and number is 1:0.5:0.5, carries agent and friction improver, wherein:
Described purification agent is alkylamine 50g, Mannich base 50g;
It is described that to carry agent be polyethers 50g;
Described friction improver is the mono-glycerides 50g of oleic acid.
Get above-mentioned purification agent according to selected quantity, carry agent and friction improver, and add the mixing of appropriate alkane solvent to increase solute effect, and carry out being in harmonious proportion at room temperature to 60 DEG C obtained described in diesel fuel complex additive.
Embodiment 4
Diesel fuel complex additive described in the present embodiment, comprises purification agent that ratio of weight and number is 1:0.2:0.8, carries agent and friction improver, wherein:
Described purification agent is polyisobutylene succinamide 50g, Mannich base 50g;
It is described that to carry agent be polyetheramine 20g;
Described friction improver is fatty acid ammonium salt 80g.
Get above-mentioned purification agent according to selected quantity, carry agent and friction improver, and add the mixing of appropriate alkane solvent to increase solute effect, and carry out being in harmonious proportion at room temperature to 60 DEG C obtained described in diesel fuel complex additive.
Embodiment 5
Diesel fuel complex additive described in the present embodiment, comprises purification agent that ratio of weight and number is 1:0.8:0.2, carries agent and friction improver, wherein:
Described purification agent is alkylamine 100g;
It is described that to carry agent be polyethers 80g;
Described friction improver is fatty acid ammonium salt 20g.
Get above-mentioned purification agent according to selected quantity, carry agent and friction improver, and add the mixing of appropriate alkane solvent to increase solute effect, and carry out being in harmonious proportion at room temperature to 60 DEG C obtained described in diesel fuel complex additive.
Embodiment 6
Diesel fuel complex additive described in the present embodiment, comprises purification agent that ratio of weight and number is 1:0.5:0.4, carries agent and friction improver, wherein:
Described purification agent is polyisobutene polyamines 50g, Mannich base 50g;
Describedly carry agent polyetheramine 50g;
Described friction improver is the mono-glycerides 40g of oleic acid.
Get above-mentioned purification agent according to selected quantity, carry agent and friction improver, and add the mixing of q.s alkane solvent to increase solute effect, and carry out being in harmonious proportion at room temperature to 60 DEG C obtained described in diesel fuel complex additive.
Embodiment 7
Compositions of additives described in the present embodiment is identical with composition components in embodiment 1, and its difference is only, described purification agent, described in carry agent, the adding proportion of described friction improver is 1:0.05:1.2.
Embodiment 8
Compositions of additives described in the present embodiment is identical with composition components in embodiment 1, and its difference is only, described purification agent, described in carry agent, the adding proportion of described friction improver is 1:1.2:0.05.
Comparative example 1
Component and the content ratio of compositions of additives described in the present embodiment and composition in embodiment 1 are identical, also identical with the blending ratio of diesel oil, its difference is only, described purification agent is chosen as butyric two pairs of polyisobutylene imide, model is T154, purchased from Lanzhou oil-refining chemical head factory additive factory.
Comparative example 2
Component and the content ratio of compositions of additives described in the present embodiment and composition in embodiment 1 are identical, also identical with the blending ratio of diesel oil, its difference is only, described in carry agent and be chosen as polyisobutene, model is Glissopal PIB(Mn=1000), available from BASF.
Comparative example 3
Component and the content ratio of compositions of additives described in the present embodiment and composition in embodiment 1 are identical, also identical with the blending ratio of diesel oil, its difference is only, described friction improver is chosen as cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide and propylene oxide by 1:4 reaction product.
Comparative example 4
Component and the content ratio of compositions of additives described in the present embodiment and composition in comparative example 3 are identical, also identical with the blending ratio of diesel oil, it is T154 that its difference is only that purification agent is chosen as mono alkenyl succimide model, purchased from Lanzhou oil-refining chemical head factory additive factory, carry agent and be chosen as mineral oil, model is 600SN, purchased from refinery, friction improver is highly-branched Unimac 5680 Diethylene Glycol amine amide, is the reaction product that highly-branched Unimac 5680 and diethanolamine react.
Comparative example 5
Compositions of additives described in the present embodiment is identical with each additive component in the composition described in comparative example 4, and its difference is only described purification agent: described in carry agent: the ratio of described friction improver is 1:0.05:1.2.
Effect example
The present invention carries out fuel performance test with real road, specifically comprises: select 13 diesel vehicles, adds commercially available 0# diesel oil and measures its emission behaviour, first travels 200 kilometers, finds that discharge is stable, have leisure cajeput oil emission smoke intensity, fuel consumption data, and record.
Compositions of additives described in embodiment 1 is mixed with blank diesel oil according to the addition based on diesel oil addition being 100ppm, according to the method described above Performance Detection is carried out to mixed diesel oil, wherein fuel consumption per hundred kilometers velocity of variation is 5%, and the velocity of variation of smoke emission is 6%.Visible, compositions of additives of the present invention only can realize the optimization of gasoline performance with the mixing of the addition of 100ppm, but consider for economic benefit, described elevator composition is advisable with 100-1000ppm based on the addition of diesel oil, and addition the most suitable is based on diesel oil 100-800ppm.
With identical gasoline for benchmark, add corresponding compositions of additives according to the addition that in following table, described in each embodiment, additive is corresponding, travelling 2000 kilometers is respectively benchmark, records smoke intensity and the oil consumption result of the discharge of each experiment, is recorded in following table.
The present invention investigates the raising of composite additive to diesel quality by the fuel consumption per hundred kilometers of diesel oil and smoke intensity, the velocity of variation { its calculation formula is that (adding the oil consumption after the oil consumption-Jia agent before agent) ÷ adds the oil consumption before agent } that oil consumption reduces is larger, its oil consumption reduced is larger, the velocity of variation { its calculation formula is that (adding the smoke intensity after the smoke intensity-Jia agent before agent) ÷ adds the smoke intensity before agent } that smoke intensity reduces is larger, its smoke intensity amplitude reduced is larger, the quantity discharged of toxic gas is fewer, therefore, oil changes rate and smoke intensity velocity of variation larger, represent the improvement effect of composite additive to diesel fuel characteristics better.Visible by above-described embodiment data, diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention substantially improves the quality of diesel oil, and oil consumption and the smoke intensity of diesel oil reduce all greatly, are significantly improved.Shown by the data in form, the diesel oil adding diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention is compared with smoke intensity with the fuel consumption per hundred kilometers of the diesel oil not adding additive, the mean value of the velocity of variation of the oil consumption reduction of diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention is 12.575%, the maximum velocity of variation that its oil consumption reduces is 16.1%, the mean value of the velocity of variation that its smoke intensity reduces is 12.734%, and the maximum velocity of variation that its smoke intensity reduces is 23.5%.Compared to additive common in prior art, as in comparative example 1-5 by as described in purification agent, carry agent, friction improver or above-mentioned three and replace with the additive described in non-invention common in prior art, the velocity of variation mean value that its oil consumption reduces is 3.2%, its maximum value is also only 3.4%, and the velocity of variation mean value that smoke intensity reduces is 3.46%, its maximum value is also only 4.0%.Therefore, diesel fuel complex additive of the present invention improves the performance of diesel oil greatly, and by adding composite additive of the present invention, oil consumption and the smoke intensity of diesel oil reduce compared to existing technology all greatly.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a diesel fuel complex additive, is characterized in that, by ratio of weight and number be 1:0.1-1:0.1-1 purification agent, carry agent and friction improver forms:
Described purification agent is for by the alkylphenol of R base molecular weight≤400 and the polyamines mixture through the Mannich base synthesized by Mannich reaction and polyisobutenyl succinic diamide, one of polyisobutene polyamines or alkylamine;
It is described that to carry agent be one of polyethers or polyetheramine;
Described friction improver is the mono-glycerides of oleic acid.
2. diesel fuel complex additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described purification agent, the ratio of weight and number carrying agent and friction improver are 1:0.2-0.8:0.2-0.8.
3. a kind of diesel fuel complex additive according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described diesel fuel complex additive is prepared by the method by being in harmonious proportion.
4. prepare a method for diesel fuel complex additive described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, comprise and get described friction improver, described purification agent and the described step of carrying agent and carrying out in room temperature to 60 DEG C being in harmonious proportion according to selected weight part ratio.
5. the diesel fuel complex additive described in an any one of claim 1-3 is in the application for improving diesel fuel characteristics field.
6. comprise a diesel component for the diesel fuel complex additive described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described diesel fuel complex additive is 100-1000ppm based on the content of diesel oil.
7. diesel component according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described diesel fuel complex additive is 100-800ppm based on the content of diesel oil.
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| CN101121903A (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-13 | 雅富顿公司 | Fuel compositions comprising hydrocarbon oil carriers and methods for using the same |
| CN101861377A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2010-10-13 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Functional fluids for internal combustion engines |
| CN101928625A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-29 | 北京红豪特高科技发展有限公司 | Novel engine fuel additive |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101121903A (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-13 | 雅富顿公司 | Fuel compositions comprising hydrocarbon oil carriers and methods for using the same |
| CN101861377A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2010-10-13 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Functional fluids for internal combustion engines |
| CN101928625A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-29 | 北京红豪特高科技发展有限公司 | Novel engine fuel additive |
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