CN103421183B - Response type fat-based degradable surfactant and synthetic method thereof and application - Google Patents
Response type fat-based degradable surfactant and synthetic method thereof and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of response type fat-based degradable surfactant and synthetic method thereof and application, by introducing polyether block and unsaturated double-bond in grease, make the response type degradable surfactant prepared can be used for conventional emulsion polymerization and mini-emulsion polymerization, obtain stable polymer latex.Raw materials for production of the present invention are cheap, and preparation process is simple, environmental protection, provide new way for preparing biodegradable latex.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tensio-active agent, particularly relate to a kind of response type fat-based degradable surfactant and synthetic method thereof and application.
Background technology
In polymer latex preparation process, usually need to use tensio-active agent, make emulsion particle stably be scattered in water.But, even if our recent research shows that there is a small amount of tensio-active agent in latex also can have a huge impact the polymeric film that latex is formed, due to the existence of tensio-active agent, make the easy moisture absorption of polymeric film and whiten, simultaneously, tensio-active agent moves along with the volatilization of moisture, and be enriched in polymer film surface, polymeric film performance is sharply declined, as used the sodium lauryl sulphate of monomer consumption 4% in polybutylacrylate latex polymerization, when after moisture evaporation, the sodium lauryl sulphate concentration on butyl polyacrylate film surface is up to 28%, the tack of the pressure sensitive adhesive using this latex to prepare declines up to 75%.Therefore, the tensio-active agent used in letex polymerization is called " necessary devil " by scientists.
In order to solve the negative impact of tensio-active agent to polymeric film, a large amount of scientific research personnel establishes the database of a system, is used to guide people for polymerized emulsion and selects suitable emulsification system, to reducing migration and the enrichment problem of tensio-active agent.But, due to tensio-active agent in the world and polymkeric substance ten hundreds of, this work is wasted time and energy.
The effective way that the problems referred to above solve uses response type surfactant active, it both can make emulsifying agent, again can with the monomer generation copolymerization in letex polymerization, make tensio-active agent can be fixed on latex particle surface, thus the problem of the surfactant migration effectively solved after polymer latex film forming and enrichment.On this basis, biomass are used for the preparation of response type surfactant active, provide a kind of method Biodegradable material being introduced latex polymer main chain.
But current most of response type surfactant active is all unsuitable for industrial applications because cost is too high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of response type fat-based degradable surfactant and synthetic method thereof and application are provided.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of response type fat-based degradable surfactant, it contains the response type group that can participate in radical polymerization, and its structural formula is as follows:
In formula, n=1-1000, y=1-3, x+2y+z=15.
A synthetic method for above-mentioned response type fat-based degradable surfactant, comprises the following steps:
(1) hydrolysate oil: be that the acid catalyst of 15-35% mixes with 30-70 mass parts ethanol by 50 mass parts mass concentrations, join in reactor, be warming up to 50-100 DEG C, in 0.5-12 hour, 20-60 part drip of grease is added in reactor while stirring, room temperature is cooled to after insulation reaction 0.5-24 hour, stratification, gets upper liquid and washes 5 times, obtain lipid acid;
(2) lipid acid and polyethers esterification: the lipid acid that 30-100 mass parts step 1 is obtained and be dissolved in 100 mass parts toluene with the polyethers of the molfractions such as lipid acid, add in reactor, instillation 0.01-0.5 mass parts acid catalyst, warming while stirring is to 50-150 DEG C, stirring reaction 0.5-24 hour, after having reacted, 50-100 DEG C vacuumizes removing toluene, and then dripping massfraction is the NaHCO of 30%
3the aqueous solution is until system no longer includes bubble formation; Add 50-500 mass parts water and 50-500 mass parts CH again
2cl
2, stir, and the mass concentration adding 1-10 mass parts is the NaCl aqueous solution of 30%, stratification, taking precipitate, the mass concentration adding 1-10 mass parts is while stirring the MgSO of 30%
4the aqueous solution, finally washes 5 times with deionized water, obtains fatty acid polyglycol ether compound;
(3) 50-100 mass parts step 2 gained fatty acid polyglycol ether compound is dissolved in 100 mass parts toluene, add in reactor, add while stirring and the carboxylic acid containing unsaturated double-bond of fatty acid polyglycol ether compound equimolar amount, the acid anhydrides containing unsaturated double-bond or the acyl chlorides containing unsaturated double-bond, add 0.01-0.5 mass parts acid catalyst and 0.01-0.1 mass parts Resorcinol, be heated to 50-150 DEG C while stirring, insulation reaction 0.5-24 hour, obtains response type fat-based biodegradable tensio-active agent.
A kind of synthetic method of above-mentioned response type fat-based degradable surfactant, the method is specially: by 50-100 mass parts PEG400-oleic acid acrylate, PEG400-linolic acid acrylate or PEG400-linolenic acid acrylate are dissolved in 100 mass parts toluene, add in reactor, add while stirring and PEG400-oleic acid acrylate, the carboxylic acid containing unsaturated double-bond of PEG400-linolic acid acrylate or PEG400-linolenic acid acrylate equimolar amount, acid anhydrides containing unsaturated double-bond or the acyl chlorides containing unsaturated double-bond, add 0.01-0.5 mass parts acid catalyst and 0.01-0.1 mass parts Resorcinol, be heated to 50-150 DEG C while stirring, insulation reaction 0.5-24 hour, obtain response type fat-based degradable surfactant
.
Further, described acid catalyst is perchloric acid, hydroiodic acid HI, sulfuric acid, Hydrogen bromide, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acid iodide, oxalic acid, sulfurous acid, phosphoric acid, pyruvic acid, carbonic acid, nitrous acid, citric acid, hydrofluoric acid, oxysuccinic acid, gluconic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid or caproic acid.
Further, described grease is vegetables oil or animal oil or their mixture, and vegetables oil comprises the mixture of soybean oil, Viscotrol C, linseed oil, sunflower oil, Semen Maydis oil, rapeseed oil, Oleum Cocois, plam oil or Thistle oil or the above grease; Animal oil comprises lard, butter, fish oil or sheep oil or the mixture of the above grease.
Further, described polyethers is the multipolymer of polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol or the blend of polyoxyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
Further, the described carboxylic acid containing unsaturated double-bond is vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, toxilic acid, fumaric acid or methylene-succinic acid; The described acid anhydrides containing unsaturated double-bond is acrylic anhydride, methacrylic anhydride, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid anhydride or itaconic anhydride; The described acyl chlorides containing unsaturated double-bond is acrylate chloride or methacrylic chloride.
An application for above-mentioned response type fat-based degradable surfactant, described response type fat-based degradable surfactant can be used as the emulsifying agent of conventional emulsion polymerization or mini-emulsion polymerization, for the preparation of polymer emulsion; Application process is as follows: 100 mass parts monomers, 0.1-20 mass parts response type fat-based degradable surfactant and 100-1000 mass parts water are mixed, after letting nitrogen in and deoxidizing, add 0.05-1 mass parts initiator while stirring, at 30-90 DEG C, polymerase 10 .5-48 hour, obtains polymer emulsion.
Further, described monomer by vinylbenzene, vinyl acetate, vinyl ester, esters of acrylic acid, methyl acrylic ester, divinyl, isoprene,
one or more of-alkene, chloroprene, alpha-methyl styrene, vinylchlorid, vinylidene chloride, vinyl cyanide, vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride or alkyl vinyl ether are by any proportioning mixing composition.
Further, described initiator comprises peroxide initiator, azo-initiator, oxidation-reduction initiator, photochemical initiators etc.; Described peroxide initiator comprises ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate etc.; Described azo-initiator comprises 4,4 '-azo two (4-cyanopentanoic acid), azo diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride, azo di-isopropyl imidazoline hydrochloride, azo di-isopropyl tetrahydroglyoxaline etc.; Described oxidation-reduction initiator is the compound system of superoxide and reductive agent; Described superoxide is Potassium Persulphate, ammonium persulphate etc., and described reductive agent is S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate etc.; Described photochemical initiators is 2-hydroxyl-1-[4-(hydroxyl) phenyl]-2-methyl isophthalic acid-acetone.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention has synthesized a kind of novel surface reactive monomer of environmental protection, and by emulsion polymerization way, prepare stable polymer latex.The synthesis of surfactant low in raw material price of the present invention's synthesis is easy to get, and raw material sources extensively and environmental protection.Its preparation method is fairly simple to be easy to get.Prepared tensio-active agent has biodegradable performance, is beneficial to environmental protection.Can be widely used in preparing various emulsion and latex, prepared emulsion and latex can be used for the product (Wound care dressing of medical facilities, stamp, adhesive tape, label, notepad and some and direct skin contact, ECG electrode, breathable adhesive tape, analgesic agent and dermatologic medicine paste), also can be used for micro-fluidic medical facilities or stamp.The present invention has positive promoter action to the exploitation of the tensio-active agent of letex polymerization, protection of the environment and letex polymerization industry.
Embodiment
The present invention's preparation feedback type fat-based biodegradable tensio-active agent and for conventional emulsion polymerization or mini-emulsion polymerization by the following method.
The synthetic method of a kind of fat-based degradable surfactant provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1. hydrolysate oil: be that the acid catalyst of 15-35% mixes with 30-70 mass parts ethanol by 50 mass parts mass concentrations, join in reactor, be warming up to 50-100 DEG C, in 0.5-12 hour, 20-60 part drip of grease is added in reactor while stirring, room temperature is cooled to after insulation reaction 0.5-24 hour, stratification, gets upper liquid and washes 5 times, obtain lipid acid;
2. lipid acid and polyethers esterification: the lipid acid that 30-100 mass parts step 1 is obtained and be dissolved in 100 mass parts toluene with the polyethers of the molfractions such as lipid acid, add in reactor, instillation 0.01-0.5 mass parts acid catalyst, warming while stirring is to 50-150 DEG C, stirring reaction 0.5-24 hour, after having reacted, 50-100 DEG C vacuumizes removing toluene, and then dripping massfraction is the NaHCO of 30%
3the aqueous solution is until system no longer includes bubble formation.Add 50-500 mass parts water and 50-500 mass parts CH again
2cl
2, stir, and the mass concentration adding 1-10 mass parts is the NaCl aqueous solution of 30%, stratification, taking precipitate, the mass concentration adding 1-10 mass parts is while stirring the MgSO of 30%
4solution, finally washes 5 times with deionized water, obtains fatty acid polyglycol ether compound;
3. 50-100 mass parts step 2 gained fatty acid polyglycol ether compound is dissolved in 100 mass parts toluene, add in reactor, add while stirring and the carboxylic acid containing unsaturated double-bond of fatty acid polyglycol ether compound equimolar amount, the acid anhydrides containing unsaturated double-bond or the acyl chlorides containing unsaturated double-bond, add 0.01-0.5 mass parts acid catalyst and 0.01-0.1 mass parts Resorcinol, be heated to 50-150 DEG C while stirring, insulation reaction 0.5-24 hour, obtains response type fat-based biodegradable tensio-active agent;
Another kind of fat-based biodegradable tensio-active agent provided by the invention and synthetic method thereof, be specially: by 50-100 mass parts PEG400-oleic acid acrylate, PEG400-linolic acid acrylate or PEG400-linolenic acid acrylate are dissolved in 100 mass parts toluene, add in reactor, add while stirring and PEG400-oleic acid acrylate, the carboxylic acid containing unsaturated double-bond of PEG400-linolic acid acrylate or PEG400-linolenic acid acrylate equimolar amount, acid anhydrides containing unsaturated double-bond or the acyl chlorides containing unsaturated double-bond, add 0.01-0.5 mass parts acid catalyst and 0.01-0.1 mass parts Resorcinol, be heated to 50-150 DEG C while stirring, insulation reaction 0.5-24 hour, obtain response type fat-based degradable surfactant
.
The acid catalyst that hydrolytic process uses is perchloric acid, hydroiodic acid HI, sulfuric acid, Hydrogen bromide, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acid iodide, oxalic acid, sulfurous acid, phosphoric acid, pyruvic acid, carbonic acid, nitrous acid, citric acid, hydrofluoric acid, oxysuccinic acid, gluconic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid or caproic acid.
Grease is vegetables oil or animal oil or their mixture, and vegetables oil comprises the mixture of soybean oil, Viscotrol C, linseed oil, sunflower oil, Semen Maydis oil, rapeseed oil, Oleum Cocois, plam oil or Thistle oil or the above grease; Animal oil comprises lard, butter, fish oil or sheep oil or the mixture of the above grease.
Polyethers is the multipolymer of polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol or the blend of polyoxyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
Carboxylic acid containing unsaturated double-bond is vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, toxilic acid, fumaric acid or methylene-succinic acid; Acid anhydrides containing unsaturated double-bond is acrylic anhydride, methacrylic anhydride, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid anhydride or itaconic anhydride; Acyl chlorides containing unsaturated double-bond is acrylate chloride or methacrylic chloride.
Response type fat-based degradable surfactant prepared by the present invention contains the response type group that can participate in radical polymerization, and its structural formula is as follows:
In formula, n=1-1000, y=1-3, x+2y+z=15.
Response type fat-based degradable surfactant of the present invention can be used as the emulsifying agent of conventional emulsion polymerization or mini-emulsion polymerization, prepares polymer emulsion.Application process is as follows: 100 mass parts monomers, 0.1-20 mass parts response type fat-based degradable surfactant and 100-1000 mass parts water are mixed, after letting nitrogen in and deoxidizing, add 0.05-1 mass parts initiator while stirring, at 30-90 DEG C, polymerase 10 .5-48 hour, obtains polymer emulsion.
Described monomer by vinylbenzene, vinyl acetate, vinyl ester, esters of acrylic acid, methyl acrylic ester, divinyl, isoprene,
one or more of-alkene, chloroprene, alpha-methyl styrene, vinylchlorid, vinylidene chloride, vinyl cyanide, vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride or alkyl vinyl ether are by any proportioning mixing composition.
Described initiator comprises peroxide initiator, azo-initiator, oxidation-reduction initiator, photochemical initiators etc.; Described peroxide initiator comprises ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate etc.; Described azo-initiator comprises 4,4 '-azo two (4-cyanopentanoic acid), azo diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride, azo di-isopropyl imidazoline hydrochloride, azo di-isopropyl tetrahydroglyoxaline etc.; Described oxidation-reduction initiator is the compound system of superoxide and reductive agent; Described superoxide is Potassium Persulphate, ammonium persulphate etc., and described reductive agent is S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate etc.; Described photochemical initiators is 2-hydroxyl-1-[4-(hydroxyl) phenyl]-2-methyl isophthalic acid-acetone etc.
Further illustrate the present invention program and result below by specific examples, but can not think that the present invention is only limitted in these examples.In an embodiment, except specified otherwise, all marks and percentage ratio are all weight ratios.
embodiment 1:
The preparation of fat-based degradable surfactant
1. hydrolysate oil: by 50 grams of concentration be 15% sulfuric acid mix with 30 grams of ethanol, join in reactor, be warming up to 60 DEG C, in 1 hour, 20 grams of soybean oil are dropped in reactor while stirring, insulation reaction was cooled to room temperature after 2 hours, after having reacted, and stratification, get upper liquid and wash 5 times, obtain lipid acid;
2. lipid acid and polyethers esterification: 30 grams, the lipid acid that step 1 is obtained and be dissolved in 100 grams of toluene with the polyethers of the molfractions such as lipid acid, add in reactor, instill 0.01 gram of vitriol oil, warming while stirring to 60 DEG C, stirring reaction 1 hour, after having reacted, 60 DEG C vacuumize removing toluene, and then dripping massfraction is the NaHCO of 30%
3the aqueous solution is until no longer include bubble formation.Add 60 grams of water and 60 grams of CH again
2cl
2, stir, and the mass concentration adding 1 gram is the NaCl of 30%.Stratification, the mass concentration that taking precipitate adds 1 gram be while stirring be 30% MgSO
4solution, finally washes 5 times with deionized water, obtains fatty acid polyglycol ether compound;
3. step 2 gained fatty acid polyglycol ether compound 50 grams is dissolved in 100 grams of toluene, add in reactor, add the vinylformic acid with fatty acid polyglycol ether compound equimolar amount while stirring, add 0.01 gram of vitriol oil and 0.01 gram of Resorcinol, be heated to 60 DEG C of insulation reaction 1.5 hours while stirring, obtain response type fat-based biodegradable tensio-active agent;
The preparation of polymer emulsion:
By 100 grams of butyl acrylates, 0.5 gram of above-mentioned response type fat-based degradable surfactant and 100 grams of water mixing, after letting nitrogen in and deoxidizing, add 0.05 gram of ammonium persulphate while stirring, be polymerized 2 hours at 80 DEG C, obtain polymer emulsion.
embodiment 2
The preparation of fat-based degradable surfactant:
1. hydrolysate oil: by 50 gram mass concentration be 20% hydrochloric acid mix with 50 grams of ethanol, join in reactor, be warming up to 70 DEG C, in 4 hours, 50 parts of Pork Dripping are added in reactor while stirring, insulation reaction was cooled to room temperature after 2 hours, after having reacted, and stratification, get upper liquid and wash 5 times, obtain lipid acid;
2. lipid acid and polyethers esterification: 30 grams, the lipid acid that step 1 is obtained and be dissolved in 100 parts of toluene with the polyethers of the molfractions such as lipid acid, add in reactor, instill 0.1 gram of vitriol oil, warming while stirring to 90 DEG C, stirring reaction 2 hours, after having reacted, 60 DEG C vacuumize removing toluene, and then dripping massfraction is the NaHCO of 30%
3the aqueous solution is until no longer include bubble formation.Add 300 grams of water and 300 grams of CH again
2cl
2, stir, and the mass concentration adding 4 grams is the NaCl of 30%.Stratification, the mass concentration that taking precipitate adds 4 grams is while stirring the MgSO of 30%
4solution, finally washes 5 times with deionized water, obtains fatty acid polyglycol ether compound;
3. step 2 gained fatty acid polyglycol ether compound 75 grams is dissolved in 100 grams of toluene, add in reactor, add the methacrylic acid with fatty acid polyglycol ether compound equimolar amount while stirring, add 0.1 gram of vitriol oil and 0.05 gram of Resorcinol, be heated to 90 DEG C of insulation reaction 8 hours while stirring, obtain response type fat-based biodegradable tensio-active agent;
The preparation of polymer emulsion:
By 100 grams of methyl methacrylates, 4 grams of response type fat-based degradable surfactant and 300 grams of water mixing, after letting nitrogen in and deoxidizing, add 0.5 gram of Potassium Persulphate while stirring, be polymerized 6 hours at 80 DEG C, obtain polymer emulsion.
embodiment 3
The preparation of fat-based degradable surfactant:
50 grams of PEG400-oleic acid acrylate, be dissolved in 100 grams of toluene, add in reactor, add the maleic anhydride with PEG400-oleic acid acrylate equimolar amount while stirring, add 0.01 gram of phosphoric acid and 0.01 gram of Resorcinol, while be heated with stirring to 50 DEG C of insulation reaction 2 hours, obtain response type fat-based degradable surfactant.
The preparation of polymer emulsion:
By 100 grams of vinylbenzene, 0.5 gram of response type fat-based degradable surfactant and 100 grams of water mixing, after letting nitrogen in and deoxidizing, add 0.05-1 gram of VA-044 while stirring, polyase 13 hour at 50 DEG C, obtains polymer emulsion.
Claims (1)
1. a synthetic method for response type fat-based degradable surfactant, the structural formula of described response type fat-based degradable surfactant is as follows:
In formula, n=1-1000, y=1-3, x+2y+z=15;
It is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) hydrolysate oil: be that the acid catalyst of 15-35% mixes with 30-70 mass parts ethanol by 50 mass parts mass concentrations, join in reactor, be warming up to 50-100 DEG C, in 0.5-12 hour, 20-60 part drip of grease is added in reactor while stirring, room temperature is cooled to after insulation reaction 0.5-24 hour, stratification, gets upper liquid and washes 5 times, obtain lipid acid;
(2) lipid acid and polyethers esterification: the lipid acid that 30-100 mass parts step (1) is obtained and be dissolved in 100 mass parts toluene with the polyethers of the molfractions such as lipid acid, add in reactor, instillation 0.01-0.5 mass parts acid catalyst, warming while stirring is to 50-150 DEG C, stirring reaction 0.5-24 hour, after having reacted, 50-100 DEG C vacuumizes removing toluene, and then dripping massfraction is the NaHCO of 30%
3the aqueous solution is until system no longer includes bubble formation; Add 50-500 mass parts water and 50-500 mass parts CH again
2cl
2, stir, and the mass concentration adding 1-10 mass parts is the NaCl aqueous solution of 30%, stratification, taking precipitate, the mass concentration adding 1-10 mass parts is while stirring the MgSO of 30%
4the aqueous solution, finally washes 5 times with deionized water, obtains fatty acid polyglycol ether compound;
(3) 50-100 mass parts step (2) gained fatty acid polyglycol ether compound is dissolved in 100 mass parts toluene, add in reactor, add while stirring and the carboxylic acid containing unsaturated double-bond of fatty acid polyglycol ether compound equimolar amount, the acid anhydrides containing unsaturated double-bond or the acyl chlorides containing unsaturated double-bond, add 0.01-0.5 mass parts acid catalyst and 0.01-0.1 mass parts Resorcinol, be heated to 50-150 DEG C while stirring, insulation reaction 0.5-24 hour, obtains response type fat-based biodegradable tensio-active agent.
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