CN103420549B - Harmless waste treatment method in coal chemical industry - Google Patents
Harmless waste treatment method in coal chemical industry Download PDFInfo
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- CN103420549B CN103420549B CN201310318208.3A CN201310318208A CN103420549B CN 103420549 B CN103420549 B CN 103420549B CN 201310318208 A CN201310318208 A CN 201310318208A CN 103420549 B CN103420549 B CN 103420549B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a harmless waste treatment method in the coal chemical industry. The harmless waste treatment method comprises the following steps: after mechanical dehydration is performed on the activated sludge coming from a sewage treatment unit, the activated sludge is transported to a sludge dryer for drying for two times; the dried sludge regarded as fuel is burned sufficiently, high-temperature flue gas generated during sludge burning enters into a high-temperature spray drying tower after dedusting and purification, and then the high-temperature oxidation reaction is performed on the high-temperature flue gas and the organic matters of atomized strong brine coming from a multiple-effect evaporation device in the drying tower, and the harmless treatment is performed; after dedusting is performed on the atomized flue gas for two times and the heat of the atomized flue gas is recycled through a waste heat recovery system, byproduct steam is generated, part of fuel gas can be used as circular fuel gas, the residual fuel gas can be used as heat sources for drying the sludge for the first time, and the byproduct steam can be used as the heat source for drying the sludge for the second time. According to the invention, through the combination of an activated sludge drying technology, a high-temperature spray technology and a waste heat recovery technology, the treatment to waste in the coal chemical industry is achieved, organic matters of the activated sludge and the strong brine are eliminated, the heat is recycled, and the comprehensive utilization of resources is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal chemical technology, specifically belong to solid dangerous waste innoxious process for treating field in Coal Chemical Industry industry, be particularly related to high water-containing sludge dry, burn and reclaim heat, a kind of Hazardous wastes bulk treatment zero release combination procesies such as the dry and heat recovery of high strong brine spraying.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's Coal Chemical Industry industry, the requirement of environment protection is also more and more higher, and the project of planning to build at present generally requires the zero release of resource, especially the zero release of water resources.Waste water resource also can generating portion pollutent in recycle process, especially the active sludge producing in sewage treatment process and the strong brine through producing in desalination reuse process, if directly outer row can cause secondary pollution to environment, the processing approach that therefore how to solve active sludge and strong brine is the major issue that restriction Coal Chemical Industry develops in a healthy way.
Existing activated sludge treatment method comprises Sludge landfill, agricultural sludge and sludge anhydration burning etc.Sludge landfill has the shortcoming of self, mainly that active sludge especially contains pollution substance from the active sludge of Coal Chemical Industry itself, easily cause secondary pollution, need to be sent to the useless processing enter of local danger and burn rear landfill, greatly increase processing cost, and need to take a large amount of land areas, therefore burying method application at present reduces gradually.The shortcoming of agricultural sludge is that organic matter that has part difficult degradation in active sludge etc. can cause environmental pollution, and the pollution of the loss of nitrogen, phosphorus to surface water and groundwater.Along with environmental standard improves, the restriction of agricultural sludge is also more and more stricter.The method of anhydration and incineration, after drying and other treatment, the volume of mud can significantly reduce, and realizes the important step of pollutant resources.Burning is the important means of the organic pollutant that contains of lignin-sludge, but simple burning can bring other problems, in burning process, also can produce the pollutent such as dioxin, heavy metal flying dust, therefore incinerator must increase extra environmental protection facility and processes these pollutents.Moreover in mud, contain part calorific value, how rationally reclaiming this part heat is also the problem that will solve in sludge incineration technique.
The processing of strong brine is also problem demanding prompt solution.In Coal Chemical Industry industry, mainly adopt the pattern of building evaporation pond spontaneous evaporation for the processing of strong brine at present, the place of production of spontaneous evaporation technique is larger, and is subject to local climate environmental influence high, cannot extensively promote.In purified salt and percolate treatment industry, strong brine adopts multiple-effect evaporation technology more, but the strong brine in Coal Chemical Industry industry from sewage biochemical treatment and recirculated water reuse after, in water quality, contain the residual of the toxic substance such as phenol, prussiate, adopt multiple-effect evaporation technique, the one, easily cause the fouling of crystallizer, cause whole system to need often to clean, increase running cost.And this part residual toxic substance can be along with salt crystallization, crystalline solid salt cannot, directly as raw material or as the processing of general industry solid waste, be increased extra processing cost, and easily produce the problem of secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Coal Chemical Industry industry refuse method for innocent treatment, the secondary pollution problem that disposable solution active sludge and strong brine crystallization produce, and also working cost is low, and effectively reclaim heat, realize the comprehensive utilization of resource.
In order to achieve the above object, the useless integrally combined technique of processing of danger of the present invention, its step comprises:
The first step: active sludge dry
Active sludge from coal chemical industry sewage treatment unit becomes wet mud after mechanism filter-pressing dehydration, and wet mud is through the preliminary primary drying of flue gas from residual neat recovering system; Then obtain dewatered sludge through redrying, redrying is taked contact drying mode, is dried by the steam of residual neat recovering system by-product, and the water content after redrying in mud is below 10%.This part is characterised in that the dry institute of active sludge heat requirement, from native system byproduct steam, realizes heat recuperation and comprehensive utilization.
The flue gas that wet mud is carried out to primary drying contains part steam, after steam separator, after the steam condensate that the steam of separation and redrying obtain producing merges, is sent to coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment apparatus; This part is characterised in that the overall project of middle water and Coal Chemical Industry that system produces is combined, and realizes general facilities optimization process.
Second step: taking dewatered sludge as fuel, prepare high-temperature flue gas
The dewatered sludge obtaining through redrying is the batch bin to high-temperature flue gas generation systems by mechanical transport.In batch bin as required with bunker coal proportioning, be sent to fixed bed coal firing boiler; Organic matter in the indoor mud of boiler combustion fully burns, and produces high-temperature flue gas, adjusts dewatered sludge and bunker coal proportioning, controls flue-gas temperature 900～1000; High-temperature flue gas is removed the dust in flue gas through cyclonic separator, and the lime-ash of after-flame is discharged from boiler bottom, is sent to Coal Chemical Industry slag field.This part is characterised in that and utilizes active sludge to mix burning as fuel, in combustion processes for system provides heat.
The 3rd step: utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out dried recovered processing to strong brine
The high-temperature flue gas being produced by second step enters high temperature spray-drying tower; From the strong brine of coal chemical sewage recycling multi-effect evaporation system, after pressurization preheating, by entering high temperature spray-drying tower after pressurized air atomization, under high-temperature flue gas effect, salt water vaporization, now requires temperature in spray-drying tower to reach 700-780 DEG C simultaneously; For ensureing to maintain temperature in spray-drying tower, in high-temperature flue gas, add combustion-supporting gas; With this understanding, in strong brine, harmful organism such as phenol and prussiate is fully oxidized to CO
2, N
2and water, eliminate toxicity.This part is characterised in that the organic matter containing in strong brine decomposes under hot conditions, effectively eliminates toxicity, avoids the secondary pollution of solid inorganic salt material.
Above-mentioned combustion-supporting gas, from the process gas of Coal Chemical Industry, specifically refers to raw gas, purified gas or Sweet natural gas.
From the high temperature spray-drying tower flue gas with inorganic dust salt out, through high-efficiency dust remover, the inorganic dirt salt in trapping flue gas, then enters sack cleaner and removes remaining inorganic dirt salt.After the cooling collection of dust salt, pack outward transport, sells as product.
The 4th step: the utilization of flue gas after the recovery of preheating and recovery waste heat in flue gas
Remove flue gas after inorganic dirt salt through reclaiming after heat, by-product low-pressure steam, low-pressure steam is as the thermal source of wet mud redrying, the about 0.5Mpa of vapor pressure, 160～180 DEG C of temperature; Flue gas after recovered steam is divided into two portions: the fixed bed boiler that a part is got back to second step as circulating flue gas further produces high-temperature flue gas; Another part is sent to the first step mud is carried out to primary drying after preheating.This part is characterised in that by heat recovery system, realizes energy saving of system effect, realizes the comprehensive benefit of project.
For realizing above-mentioned technique, the invention provides refuse innocuity disposal system in a kind of Coal Chemical Industry industry, it comprises coal activity sludge dry system, high-temperature flue gas preparation system, strong brine high temperature spray-drying system and the residual neat recovering system arranged successively; Wherein:
Described sludge dry system comprises mechanical filter press, mud primary drying device, steam separator, mud redrier;
Described high-temperature flue gas preparation system comprises batch bin, fixed bed coal firing boiler and cyclonic separator;
Described strong brine high temperature spray-drying system comprises high temperature spray-drying tower, brinepump, brine preheater, high-efficiency dust remover and sack cleaner;
Described residual neat recovering system comprises waste heat boiler, boiler water-suppling heater and air preheater.
The present invention, by combined activity drying sludge technology, high-temperature spray technology and heat recovery technology, realizes the useless processing of Coal Chemical Industry danger, the organic matter of eliminate activity mud and strong brine, and reclaim heat, realize the comprehensive utilization of resource.Whole summary of the invention and Coal Chemical Industry single unit system are organically combined, and reduce processing cost, and the environment protection to whole project, resource zero release, provide economic benefit, has positive meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
1-sludge filter press, 2-primary drying device, 3-redrier, 4-steam separator, 5-batch bin, 6-coal firing boiler, 7-cyclonic separator, 8-high temperature spray-drying tower, 9-brinepump, 10-brine preheater, 11-high-efficiency dust remover, 12-sack cleaner, 13-waste heat boiler, 14-boiler water-suppling heater, 15-air preheater.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, refuse harmless treatment process in Coal Chemical Industry industry of the present invention is explained.
Certain Coal Chemical Engineering Project need to be processed 37000 tons/year of active sludge (water content is more than 60%); High strong brine 18m
3/ h, its composition comprises: the about 250000mg/l of saltiness, chemical oxygen demand (COD
cr) about 5000～7500mg/l, approximately 60 DEG C of temperature.Require to realize the useless zero release of danger.
Referring to Fig. 1, from biochemical treatment active sludge after mechanical filter press 1 dehydration, become the more than 30% wet mud of water content, wet mud is sent in mud primary drying device 2 and carries out primary drying, by the flue tail gas convection drying from residual neat recovering system, after dry, gas enters steam separator 4, and the residual gas separating after moisture enters thermoelectric power station system for desulfuration and denitration.Enter redrier 3 through first dry mud, the steam indirect heating being produced by residual neat recovering system, removes moisture.Water of condensation in steam condensate and the steam separator 4 producing in redrier 3 is sent to biochemical sewage treatment device after merging.
Dried sludge moisture content, below 10%, is sent to batch bin 5.Mix burning with coal as fuel according to a certain percentage, in fixed bed coal firing boiler 6, produce high-temperature flue gas, approximately 900～1000 DEG C of high-temperature flue-gas, approximately 2000～3000 kgs/hour of coal consumptions.High-temperature flue gas enters cyclonic separator 7, and the high-temperature flue gas after purification enters high temperature spray-drying tower 8.For improving the fuel efficiency rate of active sludge and coal, regulate high-temperature flue-gas, part circulating flue gas enters coal firing boiler.Approximately 1250 kgs/hour of lime-ash that the dust separating from cyclonic separator 7 and boiler produce are sent to Coal Chemical Industry slag field.
From the 18m of Coal Chemical Industry multi-effect evaporating device
3the strong brine of/h, pressurizes through brinepump 9, and after brine preheater 10 heats up, atomization enters high temperature spray-drying tower 8, fully contacts with high-temperature flue gas, and in strong brine, organic high temperature oxidation decomposes.In high-temperature flue gas, add from the combustion-supporting gas of Coal Chemical Industry, control between 700～780 DEG C of the temperature of high temperature spray-drying tower 8.Enter high-efficiency dust remover 11 from high temperature spray-drying tower 8 flue gas with inorganic dust salt out and separate inorganic dust salt, flue gas after flash liberation enters sack cleaner 12 again and separates remaining inorganic dust salt, approximately 4500 kgs/hour of the inorganic dust salt of collecting do not contain any organic matter, cooling rear pack outward transport
Enter waste heat boiler 13 through the flue gas of twice dedusting, reclaim heat by-product low-pressure steam, low-pressure steam is as the thermal source of wet mud redrier 3, the about 0.5Mpa of vapor pressure, 160～180 DEG C of temperature.Flue gas after recovered steam is divided into two portions part and enters fixed bed boiler 6 as circulating flue gas, and another part enters mud primary drying device 2 after boiler water-suppling heater 14 and air preheater 15.
Claims (1)
1. a refuse method for innocent treatment in Coal Chemical Industry industry, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
The first step: active sludge dry
Active sludge from coal chemical industry sewage treatment unit becomes wet mud after mechanism filter-pressing dehydration, and wet mud is through the preliminary primary drying of flue gas from residual neat recovering system; Then obtain dewatered sludge through redrying, redrying is taked contact drying mode, is dried by the steam of residual neat recovering system by-product, and the water content after redrying in mud is below 10%;
The flue gas that wet mud is carried out to primary drying contains part steam, after steam separator, after the steam condensate that the steam of separation and redrying obtain producing merges, is sent to coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment apparatus;
Second step: taking dewatered sludge as fuel, prepare high-temperature flue gas
The dewatered sludge obtaining through redrying is the batch bin to high-temperature flue gas generation systems by mechanical transport, in batch bin as required with bunker coal proportioning, be sent to fixed bed coal firing boiler; Organic matter in the indoor mud of boiler combustion fully burns, and produces high-temperature flue gas, adjusts dewatered sludge and bunker coal proportioning, controls 900～1000 DEG C of flue-gas temperatures; High-temperature flue gas is removed the dust in flue gas through cyclonic separator, and the lime-ash of after-flame is discharged from boiler bottom, is sent to Coal Chemical Industry slag field;
The 3rd step: utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out dried recovered processing to strong brine
The high-temperature flue gas being produced by second step enters high temperature spray-drying tower; From the strong brine of coal chemical sewage recycling multi-effect evaporation system, after pressurization preheating, by entering high temperature spray-drying tower after pressurized air atomization, under high-temperature flue gas effect, salt water vaporization, now requires temperature in spray-drying tower to reach 700-780 DEG C simultaneously; For ensureing to maintain temperature in spray-drying tower, in high-temperature flue gas, add combustion-supporting gas; With this understanding, in strong brine, harmful phenol and prussiate organism is fully oxidized to CO
2, N
2and water, eliminate toxicity;
Above-mentioned combustion-supporting gas, from the process gas of Coal Chemical Industry, specifically refers to raw gas, purified gas or Sweet natural gas;
From the high temperature spray-drying tower flue gas process high-efficiency dust remover with inorganic dust salt out, inorganic dust salt in trapping flue gas, then enters sack cleaner and removes remaining inorganic dust salt, after the cooling collection of inorganic dust salt, pack outward transport, sells as product;
The 4th step: the utilization of flue gas after the recovery of waste heat and recovery waste heat in flue gas
Remove flue gas after inorganic dust salt through reclaiming after heat, by-product low-pressure steam, vapor pressure 0.5Mpa, 160～180 DEG C of temperature, low-pressure steam is as the thermal source of wet mud redrying; Flue gas after recovered steam is divided into two portions: the fixed bed boiler that a part is got back to second step as circulating flue gas further produces high-temperature flue gas; Another part is sent to the first step mud is carried out to primary drying after preheating.
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| US9708937B2 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2017-07-18 | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | Multi-functional fecal waste and garbage processor and associated methods |
| CN106430898A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-02-22 | 上海轻叶能源股份有限公司 | Sludge drying system and method |
| CN107697967A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-16 | 江苏中建材环保研究院有限公司 | A kind of Desulphurization for Coal-fired Power Plant wastewater zero discharge system and method |
| CN110606493A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for preparing silicon-calcium powder for construction by using municipal sludge, silicon-calcium powder product prepared by method and application of silicon-calcium powder product |
| CN110734209A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-31 | 浙江环兴机械有限公司 | Operation method of industrial solid waste and sludge rotary kiln co-processing integrated device |
| CN112370909B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-02-18 | 山东岱荣节能环保科技有限公司 | Dust removal device for flue gas waste heat utilization |
| CN112607944A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-06 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Coal-fired power plant desulfurization wastewater treatment system and method based on flue gas cooperative treatment |
| CN113149394A (en) * | 2021-05-03 | 2021-07-23 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Multistage sludge drying system and drying method thereof |
| CN113860331B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江大洋生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Method for synthesizing high-activity potassium fluoride and co-producing sodium fluoride by using waste liquid as raw material |
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| CN102679300A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | 陕西天宏硅材料有限责任公司 | Device and method for recovering waste heat during waste gas and waste liquid treatment |
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| JP4456391B2 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2010-04-28 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Treatment method of organic excess sludge |
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| CN101708939A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2010-05-19 | 北京博奇电力科技有限公司 | Sludge drying incineration processing system utilizing system residual heat |
| CN101551108A (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2009-10-07 | 东南大学 | Incineration treatment method of municipal sludge and device thereof |
| CN102679300A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | 陕西天宏硅材料有限责任公司 | Device and method for recovering waste heat during waste gas and waste liquid treatment |
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