CN103415728B - 用于控制驱动系的方法 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
- F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
- F16H61/0213—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal characterised by the method for generating shift signals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
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- B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
- B60W10/113—Stepped gearings with two input flow paths, e.g. double clutch transmission selection of one of the torque flow paths by the corresponding input clutch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/184—Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0215—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with elements of the transmission
- F02D41/0225—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with elements of the transmission in relation with the gear ratio or shift lever position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
- F16H61/0213—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal characterised by the method for generating shift signals
- F16H2061/0227—Shift map selection, i.e. methods for controlling selection between different shift maps, e.g. to initiate switch to a map for up-hill driving
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于控制机动车驱动系的方法,该驱动系具有一带曲轴的内燃机和一包含至少一个变速器输入轴的自动化变速器以及各一个将所述至少一个变速器输入轴与所述曲轴连接的自动化摩擦离合器,其中,根据驾驶员所希望的行驶状况,一行驶程序控制所述内燃机、所述变速器中的换档和所述至少一个摩擦离合器。为了保护所述驱动系以防不正确的自动化运行,直到超过机动车的总行驶功率的可预先给定的阈值为止所述行驶程序在磨合运行中运行并且随后在正常运行中运行。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于控制机动车驱动系的方法,该驱动系具有一带曲轴的内燃机和一包含至少一个变速器输入轴的自动化变速器以及各一个将所述至少一个变速器输入轴与所述曲轴连接的自动化摩擦离合器,其中,根据驾驶员所希望的行驶状况,行驶程序控制所述内燃机、变速器中的换档和所述至少一个摩擦离合器。
背景技术
长久以来从一系列使用中已经知道用于控制自动化驱动系的方法。在这里,驾驶员所希望并且借助相应的操控元件如用于通知希望的驾驶员期望力矩的加速踏板、制动踏板、换档杆或选择杆等通知给控制单元的行驶状况由控制装置借助于行驶程序来实施,该行驶程序借助于预先给定的行驶参数例如转换点来执行例如内燃机的控制、离合器的换档、摩擦离合器的操作过程如内燃机转速极限、摩擦离合器打滑情况、内燃机转速模拟、对内燃机的转矩干预等。在这里,变速器可以构造为双离合器变速器,具有各有一个变速器输入轴的两个子变速器和分别将变速器输入轴与曲轴连接的摩擦离合器,其中,机动车借助于起作用的子变速器在摩擦离合器闭合的情况下被驱动,在不工作的子变速器中在摩擦离合器打开的情况下挂入下一档,通过两个摩擦离合器的力矩的交叠来执行换档。
在机动车处于新的状态下,驱动系必须进行磨合,其中,驾驶员要注意相应的磨合规定。尤其不允许内燃机承受过高的转速,摩擦离合器也应合适地磨合。如果轻视这些规定则驱动系可能会持久损坏。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务在于,提出一种方法,其中,使驾驶员解除遵守磨合规定的责任。
该任务通过一种用于控制机动车驱动系的方法解决,该驱动系具有一带曲轴的内燃机和一包含至少一个变速器输入轴的自动化变速器以及各一个将所述至少一个变速器输入轴与所述曲轴连接的自动化摩擦离合器,其中,根据驾驶员所希望的行驶状况,一行驶程序控制所述内燃机、所述变速器中的换档和所述至少一个摩擦离合器,直到超过该机动车的总行驶功率的可预先给定的阈值为止所述行驶程序在磨合运行中运行并且接着在正常运行中运行。根据本发明提出,在机动车的自动化***如自动化摩擦离合器和自动化换档变速器例如双离合器变速器的情况下,通过控制软件借助于合适的磨合方式支持磨合过程。总行驶功率例如可以通过里程计数器的评估来实现。替代地或附加地,代表总行驶功率的参量例如可以使用内燃机运行持续时间、关于时间积分的发动机参数如燃料消耗、输出的发动机力矩、转速及它们的组合、通过摩擦离合器传递的力矩等等。
具体实施方式
根据一有利实施方式,在磨合运行中从挂入的档位转换到更高档位的转换点可以设置在相对于正常运行降低的曲轴转速处。在这里可以有利地补充正常运行中的正常换档程序流程,例如在具有双离合器变速器(PSG;parallelshiftgear并联换档变速器)的驱动系中,其方式是,在磨合运行中很早已经进行加档,从而能够安全地避免高转速,高转速例如会在换档或离合器再接合时引起传递力矩的摩擦离合器上的高滑转并且还对磨合运转阶段中的内燃机不利。在此,可以根据所选择的行驶状况而破例地使磨合运行的转换点与正常运行的转换点相适应。例如当所选择的行驶状况为应急状况、强制降档(Kick-Down)状态或类似状况时,磨合运行中的行驶程序例如可以例外地并且限于一种行驶状况地允许较高的转换点。在这里,除正常行驶时的转速外,还可以短时地再允许必要时在磨合运行中被限制的内燃机功率。在混合驱动系或无级变速器的情况下,可以通过相应措施取代或附加于降低转换点来避免用于避免高转速或避免具有高功率损失的状态的相应措施,这些状态在磨合运行中引起促进磨损的不利后果。例如,为了避免功率丧失,在磨合运行中,在混合驱动系中具有降低的功率或受限的内燃机转速的情况下,电机可以补偿功率损耗,只要允许电能存储装置状态。
替代地或附加地,相对于正常运行,在磨合运行中机动车的起步过程设置有更小的摩擦离合器滑转。例如在起步功能情况下可以这样改变额定转速变化曲线,使得滑转功率、即输入到摩擦离合器中的摩擦功率或摩擦能量降低。这样,例如可以在加速踏板值(Fahrpedalwerten)低于80%时降低起步转速。由此,向摩擦离合器中的功率输入在维持行驶舒适性的情况下被降低。
此外,针对摩擦离合器的监测措施可以确保例如在温度影响下摩擦离合器运行在安全的状况下。在磨合运行中这些措施可以被加强。例如在磨合运行中可以在离合器温度比正常运行中低的情况下对所述至少一个摩擦离合器采取保护措施。在这里,例如在超过预先给定的、在行驶运行中被降低的温度阈值的情况下,保护措施可以理解为,在输入到摩擦离合器中的摩擦能较少的情况下更快地闭合摩擦离合器,直到在变速器或双离合器变速器中所涉及的一个或两个子变速器停止运转情况下强制打开或强制闭合。例如这类保护措施可以取代在正常运行中的300度离合器温度处而在磨合运行中降低到200度。
替代地或附加地,在磨合运行期间可以相对于正常运行中的允许转速限制内燃机的怠速转速。为此可以设置干预内燃机的控制,该干预在磨合运行中例如在变速器的驻车位置或空档位置中在通过驾驶员操作加速踏板时将内燃机转速例如限制在每分钟2000转内。
此外,可以在总行驶功率的阈值的范围内设置一公差窗口,并且,在该公差窗口内使表征磨合运行的特点的磨合运行参数适应于正常运行的相应运行参数。由此,以有利的方式实现磨合运行到正常运行的平滑过渡。这种过渡可以借助优选不会被驾驶员感觉到的级差来进行或者连续地进行。在这里,可以使磨合参数在一共同的总行驶功率阈值处并且借助一共同的公差窗口从磨合运行一起转移到正常运行中。替代地,可以针对两个或更多个磨合运行参数设置不同的总行驶功率阈值和/或不同的公差窗口。
在使用具有双离合器变速器的驱动系的情况下,对于磨合运行期间的摩擦离合器磨合被证实有利的是,在起作用的子变速器中已挂入档并且摩擦离合器已闭合的情况下,不起作用的子变速器的摩擦离合器在已挂入档的情况下以与所述起作用的子变速器的摩擦离合器相比小的转矩运行。这些摩擦离合器的磨合运行的这种优化优选通过使摩擦离合器在预先给定的行驶状况下贴合来进行,例如在持续较长时间的行驶中在一个子变速器处于高档如6档中时在摩擦离合器闭合或摩擦离合器调节到滑动运行中时,而在另一个子变速器中也挂入了一个高档如5档并且该摩擦离合器轻便地例如以例如5Nm到10Nm之间的力矩值运行。通过该摩擦离合器的轻微贴合来支持摩擦衬到压紧板和反压板的对应摩擦面上的磨合过程,以使由于加工而产生的粗糙度/不精确度变光滑。在这里,有利地持续监控此时轻微贴合的摩擦离合器的运行参数,如离合器滑转、离合器功率或引入的离合器能量,以保证,通过该方法,例如不会由于摩擦离合器变热而出现损坏并且所述磨合过程仅在完全不出现损害或影响使用寿命的运行条件下实施。此外,通过监控经由要磨合的摩擦离合器传递的离合器力矩来监控,不出现危及安全性的行驶状态例如双离合器变速器抱死。
根据本发明构想,还可以设置,在超过总行驶功率的阈值和驱动系在正常运行中的运行之后,如果例如低于与驱动发动机相关的运行特征参量的可预先给定的阈值,则将所述条件如磨合运行的运行参数短时地按照磨合运行再激活。与内燃机相关的运行特征参量例如可是发动机油温或冷却水温度。附加地可以构想,将所述阈值扩展到与传动系相关的构件以及它们的特征参量例如变速器油温上。在超过所述阈值后又激活正常运行。
Claims (9)
1.用于控制机动车驱动系的方法,该驱动系具有一带曲轴的内燃机和一包含至少一个变速器输入轴的自动化变速器以及将所述至少一个变速器输入轴与所述曲轴连接的各一个自动化摩擦离合器,其中,根据驾驶员所希望的行驶状况,一行驶程序控制所述内燃机、所述变速器中的换档和至少一个摩擦离合器,其中,直到机动车的总行驶功率的可预先给定的阈值被超过为止所述行驶程序在磨合运行中运行并且接着在正常运行中运行;在所述磨合运行中从已挂入的档位转换到更高档位的转换点设置在与所述正常运行相比降低的曲轴转速处。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,根据所选择的行驶状况,使所述磨合运行的所述转换点破例地适应于所述正常运行的转换点。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,所述机动车在磨合运行中的起步过程与正常运行相比设置有较小的摩擦离合器滑转。
4.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,在所述磨合运行中在比所述正常运行中低的离合器温度时采取针对至少一个摩擦离合器的保护措施。
5.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,在所述磨合运行中,所述内燃机的怠速转速与正常运行中的允许转速相比受到限制。
6.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,在所述总行驶功率的阈值的范围内设置一公差窗口,并且,在该公差窗口之内,使表征磨合运行特点的参数适应于所述正常运行的相应运行参数。
7.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,在具有两个子变速器的双离合器变速器中,在所述磨合运行期间,在一个起作用的子变速器中已挂入档并且摩擦离合器已闭合的情况下,不起作用的子变速器的摩擦离合器在已挂入的档的情况下以与所述起作用的子变速器的摩擦离合器相比小的转矩运行。
8.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,针对至少两个表征磨合运行特点的参数不同地设计所述总行驶功率的阈值。
9.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,在超过磨合运行的总行驶功率的阈值之后,根据低于与运行相关的参量的可预先给定的阈值,激活所述磨合运行。
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US9650049B2 (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-05-16 | Hyundai America Technical Center, Inc. | Method for intelligent quick bed-in of an automatic transmission |
JP6733172B2 (ja) * | 2015-12-22 | 2020-07-29 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 車両走行支援制御装置 |
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- 2012-02-20 WO PCT/DE2012/000157 patent/WO2012119575A2/de active Application Filing
- 2012-02-20 CN CN201280012461.XA patent/CN103415728B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US6196196B1 (en) * | 1997-08-05 | 2001-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Internal combustion engine control according to running time |
DE19943068A1 (de) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-03-22 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Verfahren zur Begrenzung des Hochdrehens eines Motors |
DE10253809A1 (de) * | 2002-11-18 | 2004-05-27 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Antriebseinheit eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
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WO2012119575A2 (de) | 2012-09-13 |
DE102012202551A1 (de) | 2012-09-13 |
CN103415728A (zh) | 2013-11-27 |
WO2012119575A3 (de) | 2012-11-29 |
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