CN103408369A - Compatibility and manufacturing method of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation material - Google Patents
Compatibility and manufacturing method of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103408369A CN103408369A CN2013103499407A CN201310349940A CN103408369A CN 103408369 A CN103408369 A CN 103408369A CN 2013103499407 A CN2013103499407 A CN 2013103499407A CN 201310349940 A CN201310349940 A CN 201310349940A CN 103408369 A CN103408369 A CN 103408369A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a Pleurotus eryngii cultivation material, which is characterized by comprising main raw materials of chestnut branch sawdust, bud shell shreds and chestnut shell shreds, and accessory materials of bagasse, wheat bran, soybean meal and gesso; and the water content of the cultivation material is 63-65% The invention also comprises a manufacturing method of the cultivation material. Compared with sawdust cultivation material, the cultivation material provided by the invention has the following advantages: 1, the cultivation material has reasonable ratio, good permeability and strong water retention, so as to realize vigorous growth of Pleurotus eryngii mycelia and short sackful time; 2, the chestnut branch sawdust, bud shell shreds and chestnut shell shreds are subjected to daylight insolation, accumulation aging and biological fermentation to remove poisonous bacteriostatics and degrade macromolecular substances, so as to benefit absorption of the Pleurotus eryngii mycelia and increase the output by 15-25%; and 3, the method widens channels of the cultivation raw materials and substantially reduces production cost.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises planting almond abalone mushroom material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Pleurotus eryngii, claim again eryngo to pick up the ears, its bacterial context plumpness, and quality is fresh and tender, nutritious, tasty, and have good health-care effect, often eat Pleurotus eryngii, can reduce the cholesterol level in blood of human body, certain adjusting blood pressure effect is arranged, can strengthen the immunizing power of human body.
Pleurotus eryngii is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has very strong decomposition xylogen, cellulosic ability.All the time, the mushroom agriculture is all to use wood chip and cotton seed hulls as culturing raw material.But nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, cotton seed hulls class cost of material continuous rise, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Chinese chestnut tree is Fagaceae Castanea nuts plant, and its fruit is the famous Traditional Agricultural byproduct of China.China is the first big producing country of Chinese chestnut, and according to the statistics of Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), to the end of the year in 2009, the Chinese Chestnut cultivated area was 200,000 hm
2, ultimate production is about 1,090,000 t, accounts for 77% of Gross World Product.
In Chinese chestnut production and the course of processing, can produce three class wastes.The one, the branch produced after pruning.China's Chinese chestnut cultivated area is large, 700,000 tons of the branch Yue Keda that the pruning of annual Cong Li garden falls, however these branches are not reasonably utilized, and major part is used as fuel wood; The 2nd, shell, have another name called luxuriant shell, Li Peng, Li Pu shell, is the waste stayed after collecting Chinese chestnut, general every 100kg Chinese chestnut just means the dry luxuriant shell that 60kg-90kg is arranged, and these luxuriant shells are drawn materials easily, enormous amount, but done fuel except minority, all the other are often arbitrarily abandoned or let alone rots; The 3rd, the chestnut shell, namely plant skin for the pericarp of Li Jianguo, accounts for 10% of chestnut fruit weight, and the chestnut shell is to produce in the Chinese chestnut course of processing, aboundresources and concentrating, but most of enterprise processes it as waste, both increased production cost, again contaminate environment.
The Chinese chestnut branch, texture of wood is tight, and in unit volume, content of lignin is high; The bud shell, contain higher nutritive substance, and according to surveying and determination, luxuriant shell contains crude protein 8.78%, carbon 39.04%, nitrogen 1.348%; The chestnut shell, contain the compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, and wherein content of cellulose reaches 48%, and xylogen accounts for 28.5%.Above these components, can grow essential carbon source, nitrogenous source is provided for edible fungi growth.But chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these three kinds of materials of chestnut shell also contain the materials such as tannin, wax, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.After treatment, owing to having removed the objectionable impurities that affects the hypha of edible fungus growth, therefore be suitable for the growth of wood rotting fungi.
Edible mushrooms Main Cultivation raw material (cotton seed hulls, wood chip) increasingly the shortage today, if chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material Xinbao mushroom culturings of chestnut shell, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, the chestnut shell planting almond abalone mushroom material compatibility as main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of planting almond abalone mushroom material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 15%-25%, luxuriant shell bits 15%-21%, chestnut shell bits 10%-14%, bagasse 22%, wheat bran 20%, dregs of beans 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Chestnut branch bits: dry, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bud shell bits: be exposed to the sun, be ground into the following particle of particle diameter 3mm (preventing the long sack that punctures of luxuriant shell thorn), be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Chestnut shell bits: be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm after the chestnut shell that fresh nothing is gone mouldy is exposed to the sun, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bagasse: sugarcane is pressed the waste residue be left after sugar, after drying, is white in color or yellow-white, and sugared aromatising flavour is arranged.The thick slag of belt leather must be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.The main component of bagasse is approximately 50% Mierocrystalline cellulose, 30% hemicellulose, 15% xylogen and a little ash content, crude protein and soluble sugar.
Wheat bran: wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex, wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Dregs of beans: be a kind of byproduct obtained after the soybean extracting bean oil, the main component of dregs of beans is: protein 40%-48%, Methionin 2.5%-3.0%, tryptophane 0.6%-0.7%, methionine(Met) 0.5%-0.7%.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make simultaneously antibacterial substance decompose volatilization;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, dregs of beans, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopting specification is 17cmx35cmx0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, inserts the plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material, after the access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by the plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 25d-27d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
The present invention be take chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits and is main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, dregs of beans, terra alba, makes the planting almond abalone mushroom material.With the cultivation on sawdust material, compare, its advantage is: the one, and the planting material reasonable ratio, bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and the mycelia growing of pleurotus eryngii is vigorous, the purseful time shorten; The 2nd, chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits, process by sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation, both removed poisonous bacteriostatics, makes again the macromolecular substance degraded, is conducive to the absorption of Pleurotus eryngii mycelia, and output improves 15%-25%; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, the planting almond abalone mushroom material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 15%, luxuriant shell bits 21%, chestnut shell bits 14%, bagasse 22%, wheat bran 20%, dregs of beans 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: 2d is exposed to the sun raw material before spice;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.2m, and the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, after carrying out heap, pat surrounding, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm, and at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, dregs of beans, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times totally 5 times, time remaining 7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopting specification is 17cmx35cmx0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, inserts the plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keep 10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material, after the access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by the plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 65%.Through the cultivation of 25d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, the planting almond abalone mushroom material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 20%, luxuriant shell bits 18%, chestnut shell bits 12%, bagasse 22%, wheat bran 20%, dregs of beans 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, the planting almond abalone mushroom material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 25%, luxuriant shell bits 15%, chestnut shell bits 10%, bagasse 22%, wheat bran 20%, dregs of beans 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 4 (control group): wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1%.
As can be known by following table, the chestnut branch bits of all modes, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits planting material mycelia purseful number of days shorten 3d-5d than control group, and its biological efficiency is all over control level, and output improves 15%-25%.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on Pleurotus eryngii output
Claims (9)
1. planting almond abalone mushroom material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 15%-25%, bud shell bits 15%-21%, chestnut shell bits 10%-14%, bagasse 22%, wheat bran 20%, dregs of beans 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of planting almond abalone mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut branch bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, dry and are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
3. a kind of planting almond abalone mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described luxuriant shell bits, for the following particle of particle diameter 3mm, are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing.
4. a kind of planting almond abalone mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut shell bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, are deposited in air seasoning place after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing, ageing 1 year.
5. a kind of planting almond abalone mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described bagasse is that sugarcane is pressed the waste residue be left after sugar, the particle that is ground into particle diameter 4mm-5mm.
6. a kind of planting almond abalone mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex.
7. a kind of planting almond abalone mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described dregs of beans is a kind of byproduct obtained after the soybean extracting bean oil.
8. the making method of the planting almond abalone mushroom material described in a claim 1-7 is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make simultaneously antibacterial substance decompose volatilization;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, dregs of beans, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopting specification is 17cmx35cmx0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, inserts the plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
9. utilize the planting almond abalone mushroom material described in claim 1-8, after it is characterized in that accessing bacterial classification, the plastics stopper is changed into to tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 25d-27d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (19)
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| CN104478515A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-01 | 西华大学 | Fermentation liquid for culturing pleurotus eryngii matrix, pleurotus eryngii culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN104584874A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivating method |
| CN104584873A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivating method |
| CN104628471A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pleurotus eryngii cultivation material |
| CN104744149A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus eryngii compost |
| CN104737778A (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method |
| CN104737777A (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivation method |
| CN104737811A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivation method |
| CN104744151A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus eryngii compost |
| CN104744150A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus eryngii compost |
| CN104737797A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Tremella cultivation method |
| CN104737776A (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivation method |
| CN104737813A (en) * | 2015-03-22 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金飞 | Agrocybe cylindracea cultivation method |
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| CN104737806A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Lentinus edodes cultivation method |
| CN104782392A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-22 | 邬金飞 | Method for cultivating needle mushrooms |
| CN104938213A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-30 | 广西大学 | Pleurotuseryngii pollution-free cultivation method |
| CN107417359A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-12-01 | 兴义市天野农牧发展有限公司 | A kind of edible fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN110574635A (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2019-12-17 | 宽城聚盛园食用菌种植有限公司 | method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus sticks by fermenting chestnut peels |
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| CN104478515A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-01 | 西华大学 | Fermentation liquid for culturing pleurotus eryngii matrix, pleurotus eryngii culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN104628471A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pleurotus eryngii cultivation material |
| CN104584874A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivating method |
| CN104584873A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivating method |
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| CN104744150A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus eryngii compost |
| CN104737776A (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivation method |
| CN104737778A (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method |
| CN104737777A (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivation method |
| CN104737797A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Tremella cultivation method |
| CN104737806A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Lentinus edodes cultivation method |
| CN104737810A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivation method |
| CN104737811A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivation method |
| CN104737813A (en) * | 2015-03-22 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金飞 | Agrocybe cylindracea cultivation method |
| CN104782392A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-22 | 邬金飞 | Method for cultivating needle mushrooms |
| CN104938213A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-30 | 广西大学 | Pleurotuseryngii pollution-free cultivation method |
| CN107417359A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-12-01 | 兴义市天野农牧发展有限公司 | A kind of edible fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN110574635A (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2019-12-17 | 宽城聚盛园食用菌种植有限公司 | method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus sticks by fermenting chestnut peels |
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