CN103401695B - Failure detection and recovery method for control elements based on forwarding and control network element framework - Google Patents
Failure detection and recovery method for control elements based on forwarding and control network element framework Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a failure detection and recovery method for control elements based on a forwarding and control network element framework. The method comprises the steps of controlling a list of available control elements, updating the list of control elements, carrying out unidirectional data backup on the available control elements to realize consistency of related data, detecting availability of a main control element by carrying out a heartbeat and point detection combined method among forwarding and main control elements, carrying out a heartbeat detection method between the main control element and the control element at the head of the list of available control elements, and realizing seamless switching between the main control element and the control element at the head of the list of available control elements if the main control element is detected to be dead halted. The failure detection and recovery method satisfies the requirement of redundant backup of multiple control elements, and the point detection is combined with the heartbeat detection to prevent the forwarding element from switching to different control elements.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer communication technology field, more particularly, to a kind of being based in forwarding and controlling network part framework are controlled
Product failure detection and restoration methods.
Background technology
, as the nucleus equipment of computer network, its high availability is most important for router.In hardware aspect, router
The architecture needing stalwartness includes various perfect redundant components, such as the redundancy of routing engine and switching matrix.In software
Aspect, except its own is healthy and strong, changes hardware, system upgrade, increases board and changes the adjustment of the networks such as link running into
When, software will have the ability to ensure that whole network business is not affected by local directed complete set, allows whole network to embody very high
Availability, ensures that routing engine carries out the not switching of packet loss and Graceful Restart.When routing protocol stack is restarted, consequent
Route recalculates and can consume process resource with the routing update of network range, and is possible to black hole or instantaneous forwarding is followed
The unexpected network behavior of loop type, and Graceful Restart can avoid the occurrence of this.
Forwarding element separates with control piece（Forwarding and Control Element Separation, ForCES）
It is the working group that IETF [1] route field (Routing Area), it specializes in the router system of open programmable
Structure and protocol questions, are one of current open PN research research tissues of greatest concern.ForCES basic thought
It is that router is divided into forwarding element（Forwarding Elements, FE）And control piece（Control Elements, CE）, and
Think that it can be by multiple（Up to hundreds of）FE, CE and the ForCES agreement composition connecting them.Forward and controlling network part
Typical structure as shown in Figure 1.
In the research of current ForCES framework router, between focusing on for CE and FE at present, communication mechanism grinds
Study carefully, the ForCES agreement that we are generally previously mentioned substantially namely Fp reference point agreement, but only such a Fp reference
Point agreement is significantly inadequate for the popularization of ForCES framework and industrialization, the reliability of industry more concerned router
With the primacy of stability and not technical standard, there is substantial amounts of research at present for the High Availabitity how improving router
How sex chromosome mosaicism, therefore improve ForCES framework router reliability and stability and become us and study very important technology
Problem.
The demand forwarding with controlling network part is defined in Internet protocol RFC3654（Requirements）, internet
Agreement RFC3746 defines the framework forwarding with controlling network part（Framework）.Information between them exchanges and uses standard
The Information Exchange Agreement being referred to as " ForCES agreement " changed, and then forward and controlling network part also referred to as ForCES network
Part, standardization allows forwarding element and control piece to be produced by different manufacturers.Redundancy is the main path obtaining high availability, that is,
Make to be using it may happen that the assembly of fault, redundancy also can make to carry out from chance failure to recover and inside the plan upgrading speed more
Hurry up.One ForCES networkware can be made up of multiple forwarding elements and multiple control piece, and the use of plurality of control piece is exactly to be
System redundancy purpose, thus realize the high availability of control piece.
The standardized method that multiple control piece information exchange is one of core content of ForCES networkware technical research.It
Including at least two aspect research contents：The form that the information of multiple control pieces exchanges defines method and multiple control piece realizes system
The mechanism of redundancy backup.The at present research of ForCES group exploration to this, research contents is referred to as control piece redundancy and extensive
Multiple strategy（CE redundancy and failover）, may be simply referred to as CERFPolicy.Only propose now by using master
Standby pattern realizes the redundancy of control piece, and forwarding element is found control piece after losing efficacy it is proposed that two kinds of implementation strategies：1st, forwarding element
Stop forwarding, then forwarding element and standby control piece re-establish connection；2nd, forwarding element can continue to forward packet, Ran Houzhu
Move and standby control piece is switched to main control element.Malfunction and determine that it can not be normal with regard to how forwarding element detects main control element
How work, switch between main control element and standby control piece, there is presently no a kind of effective mechanism.So, a kind of permissible
Be standardized for main control element failure detection and Restoration Mechanism become ForCES networkware technical research be currently needed for solve
Major issue.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of being based on to forward and control in controlling network part framework
Product failure detection and restoration methods.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem and just has comprises the steps：
Step (1) determines main control element and other available control piece lists by control piece administrative unit, and by list
Inform each control piece, list simultaneously informs forwarding element by forwarding element administrative unit；
Step (2) main control element monitors the change of other control piece states, and the change according to other control piece states updates
Available control piece list, and other control pieces and forwarding element are informed in the list after updating；According in forwarding and controlling network part
The busy degree of forwarding element carries out further work, if forwarding element does not have processing data packets, goes to step (3), if forwarding
Part just in processing data bag, then goes to step (4)；
After step (3) forwarding element obtains the control piece list after updating, free time reaffirms available control piece list
The availability of middle control piece, informs other forwarding elements and available control piece by main control element, then jumps to step (5)；
Step (4) forwarding element, while sending message to main control element, sends a message simultaneously and can use control to being in
The control piece of product list header, carries out the unidirectional backup of data between available control piece, realizes the uniformity of related data；
Step (5) forwarding element is with to detect main control element using the method that heartbeat is combined with point detection between main control element
Availability, main control element adopts heartbeat detecting method between the control piece with available control piece list header；
If in step (5), the method that heartbeat is combined with point detection detects that main control element crashes to step (6), then realize
Seamless switching between the control piece of main control element and available control piece list header.
When described step (1) is initial, main control element and other available control pieces are determined by control piece administrative unit
The operation of list, is to inform main control in control piece administrative unit system using configuration file or order in advance by administrative staff
Part and the IP address of other available control pieces, forwarding element administrative unit is by carrying out data exchange with control piece administrative unit afterwards
Obtain its available control piece list, when forwarding element is inquired to forwarding element administrative unit, available control piece list is informed.
In described step (2), when forwarding and controlling network part just start, main control element is available according to human configuration
Control piece list, sends ACK message to the control piece in available control piece list successively, determines its availability；Then basis
Weights arrange available control piece and disabled control piece, and it is all with controlling network part that rank results are broadcast to forwarding
Available control piece and forwarding element.
In described step (3), if forwarding element does not have processing data packets, after being updated according to step (2) main control element
Available control piece list, first, in available control piece list, disabled control piece sends ACK message, determines its availability,
If available, then inform main control element, and require again to update available control piece list；If unavailable, then do not appoint
Where is managed.Secondly, forwarding element sends ACK message to the available control piece of available control piece list again, determines its availability, such as
Fruit is unavailable, then inform main control element, and require again to update available control piece list；If available, then do not do any
Process.
In described step (4), when forwarding element sends data every time, all it is sent simultaneously to main control element and available control piece
The control piece of list header, main control element carries out to the data of forwarding element processing and returning result, available control piece list header
Control piece the data of forwarding element is only carried out receiving backup, not returning result, according to control piece in available control piece list
Put in order, control piece from previous control piece replicate data content, that is, carries out the unidirectional backup of data, realizes dependency number successively
According to uniformity.
In described step (5), adopt heartbeat detection mechanism at main control element end, the heart is sent to forwarding element from main control element
Jump message；Forwarding element end is more than the time interval of timing detection using point testing mechanism, point detection time.If detection when
Between receive the heartbeat message of main control element in interval, then timer is not activated；If not receiving the heartbeat message of main control element,
Then timer activation, and forwarding element sends message to main control element it is desirable to main control element is responded, if main control element is in timer
Do not respond then it is assumed that this main control element lost efficacy in stipulated time, if responding then it is assumed that this main control element still normal work.
In described step (6), after determining that main control element crashes, the control piece of available control piece list header is direct
The work of adapter main control element, oneself external IP address is revised as being forwarded the IP address that part is considered main control element, former
It is to be repaired that main control element enters available control piece list table end etc. according to the inside IP of oneself.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that：
The present invention solves to CERFPolicy strategy urgent need during solving the realization of ForCES technology and technology standardization
Major issue, i.e. the effectively enforceable control piece failure detection of one kind and Restoration Mechanism.Work from IETF ForCES working group
See, the present invention be currently the only a set of have total solution, can to IETF ForCES working group application be standardized
Control piece failure detection and Restoration Mechanism, yet there are no other any effective solutions and deliver.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention has：1）Meet the demand of many control pieces redundancy backup；2）By a detection and heartbeat inspection
Survey the method combining, prevent forwarding element to be switched to different control pieces；3）The present invention is used by real system and proves
Practicable；4）The prospect that can be standardized is so that the present invention has broad application prospects and extensive practical effect
Prospect.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation forwarding with controlling network part；
Fig. 2 is that main control element updates available control piece form flow chart；
Fig. 3 is that forwarding element updates available control piece form flow chart；
Fig. 4 is main control element and available control piece data backup schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is main control element failure detection schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be further described.
As Figure 1-5, based on forwarding and control piece failure detection and restoration methods in controlling network part framework, including such as
Lower step：
Step (1) determines main control element and other available control piece lists by control piece administrative unit, and by list
Inform each control piece, list simultaneously informs forwarding element by forwarding element administrative unit；
Step (2) main control element monitors the change of other control piece states, and the change according to other control piece states updates
Available control piece list, and other control pieces and forwarding element are informed in the list after updating；According in forwarding and controlling network part
The busy degree of forwarding element carries out further work, if forwarding element does not have processing data packets, goes to step (3), if forwarding
Part just in processing data bag, then goes to step (4)；
After step (3) forwarding element obtains the control piece list after updating, free time reaffirms available control piece list
The availability of middle control piece, informs other forwarding elements and available control piece by main control element, then jumps to step (5)；
Step (4) forwarding element, while sending message to main control element, sends a message simultaneously and can use control to being in
The control piece of product list header, carries out the unidirectional backup of data between available control piece, realizes the uniformity of related data；
Step (5) forwarding element is with to detect main control element using the method that heartbeat is combined with point detection between main control element
Availability, main control element adopts heartbeat detecting method between the control piece with available control piece list header；
If in step (5), the method that heartbeat is combined with point detection detects that main control element crashes to step (6), then realize
Seamless switching between the control piece of main control element and available control piece list header.
When described step (1) is initial, main control element and other available control pieces are determined by control piece administrative unit
The operation of list, is to inform main control in control piece administrative unit system using configuration file or order in advance by administrative staff
Part and the IP address of other available control pieces, forwarding element administrative unit is by carrying out data exchange with control piece administrative unit afterwards
Obtain its available control piece list, when forwarding element is inquired to forwarding element administrative unit, available control piece list is informed.
In forwarding with controlling network part, only one of which IP address（CEID）, for still CEs is backed up to main CE, only
This CEID is the ID being considered main CE by FE, and other CE, using oneself internal ID.When initial, by human configuration each
The IP address of control piece, and its weights size is determined according to IP address（The little weights of IP address are big）, when therefore initially, main control
The implicit IP address of part is minimum, maximum weight.Fig. 1 is the structural representation forwarding with controlling network part.
In described step (2), when forwarding and controlling network part just start, main control element is available according to human configuration
Control piece list, sends ACK message to the control piece in available control piece list successively, determines its availability；Then basis
Weights arrange available control piece and disabled control piece, and it is all with controlling network part that rank results are broadcast to forwarding
Available control piece and forwarding element.
As shown in Fig. 2 when forwarding and controlling network part just start, main control element is according to the available control piece table of human configuration
Lattice, successively to available backup control piece send ACK message, if respond then it is assumed that this control piece be enliven available, according to power
Value, comes available control piece table foremost, wherein gauge outfit maximum weight；If certain control piece is not responded, according to weights, come
Available control piece table least significant end, wherein table tail maximum weight, until one is terminated back and forth.Then main control element finishes renewal
Available control piece list table is broadcast to and forwards and the forwarding element in controlling network part and available control piece, and informs inactive control
The original position that part arranges in table（Table id）.
In described step (3), if forwarding element does not have processing data packets, after being updated according to step (2) main control element
Available control piece list, first, in available control piece list, disabled control piece sends ACK message, determines its availability,
If available, then inform main control element, and require again to update available control piece list；If unavailable, then do not appoint
Where is managed.Secondly, forwarding element sends ACK message to the available control piece of available control piece list again, determines its availability, such as
Fruit is unavailable, then inform main control element, and require again to update available control piece list；If available, then do not do any
Process.
As shown in figure 3, when forwarding with controlling network part normal work, empty with certain forwarding element in controlling network part when forwarding
Idle, first according to available control piece list, sends ACK message to sluggish control piece again, responds and be then considered active
Control piece, inform main control element, by the available control piece list of main control element modification（It is forwarded the active control that part detects
Part, in addition to being the main control element originally delaying machine, other control pieces are in available control piece list header（CE1）Arranged according to weights afterwards
Row, because CE1 is interacted with main control element, and are backed up in realtime with forwarding element, data is complete）With initiateing of inactive control piece
Position, and forwarding and each forwarding element and available control piece in controlling network part are broadcast to by it；Do not respond, be considered not live
Jump（Only for this forwarding element）, continue to send ACK message to next available control piece, until to table tail.Then according to not
Enliven the original position of control piece, successively to coming active control piece transmission ACK message before this position, respond and then do not make instead
Should, do not respond, inform main control element, by the available control piece list of main control element modification（Sluggish control piece is arranged according to weights
In table end）Original position with inactive control piece.
Do so ensure that the available control piece list uniformity forwarding with each forwarding element in controlling network part, in order to avoid
After main control element crashes, it is switched to different control pieces.
In described step (4), when forwarding element sends data every time, all it is sent simultaneously to main control element and available control piece
The control piece of list header, main control element carries out to the data of forwarding element processing and returning result, available control piece list header
Control piece the data of forwarding element is only carried out receiving backup, not returning result, according to control piece in available control piece list
Put in order, control piece from previous control piece replicate data content, that is, carries out the unidirectional backup of data, realizes dependency number successively
According to uniformity.
As shown in figure 4, before forwarding is started with controlling network part, by artificial to each control piece in forwarding and controlling network part
Carry out data backup.Forward after starting with controlling network part, when forwarding element sends data every time, be all sent simultaneously to main control element
Control piece with available control piece list header（CE1）, main control element the data of forwarding element is carried out process and returning result, can
With the control piece of control piece list header, the data of forwarding element is only carried out receiving backup, not returning result, according to available control
The putting in order of control piece in product list, control piece from previous control piece replicate data content, that is, carries out data sheet successively
To backup, CE1 CE2 CE3 ... CEn, realize the uniformity of related data.
In described step (5), adopt heartbeat detection mechanism at main control element end, the heart is sent to forwarding element from main control element
Jump message；Forwarding element end is more than the time interval of timing detection using point testing mechanism, point detection time.If detection when
Between receive the heartbeat message of main control element in interval, then timer is not activated；If not receiving the heartbeat message of main control element,
Then timer activation, and forwarding element sends message to main control element it is desirable to main control element is responded, if main control element is in timer
Do not respond then it is assumed that this main control element lost efficacy in stipulated time, if responding then it is assumed that this main control element still normal work.
As shown in figure 5, it is specific as follows using a method that detection is combined with heartbeat detection：
The time interval of setting timing detection is a period T1, and the interval time of setting heartbeat detection is between a time
Every the minimum of a value of the T1 and time T2 processing some service requests, that is, heartbeat detection time interval is min（T1, T2）, short
During task, T2 is less, when asking frequent, T1>T2, timer is not activated.And when asking less, timer activation is not subject to shadow
Ring.
Adopt heartbeat at main control element end, heartbeat detection message is sent to forwarding element from main control element.Forwarding element end adopts
Point detection, the time is T3, T3>T1.Point detection adopts timer, if receiving the heartbeat detection letter of main control element within the T3 cycle
Number, then timer enters next cycle；If not receiving the heartbeat signal of main control element, timer in a cycle
Activation forwarding element.Forwarding element sends message to main control element, and requires main control element to respond this message, if in the stipulated time
Interior, the response message that forwarding element does not receive this main control element does not receive the heartbeat signal of this main control element then it is assumed that being somebody's turn to do yet
Main control element lost efficacy.Fig. 5 is main control element failure detection schematic diagram.
Improve the method for originally only heartbeat detection to detect whether main control element lost efficacy.If only heartbeat detection, such as
Fruit main control element responds ACK message time delay, then forwarding element can be led to cause unnecessary switching.Such as main control element is normal
, it is only forwarding ACK message time delay or the main control element response ACK message time delay of part transmission, forwarding element can be allowed to think this master
Control piece has been delayed machine, just sends and switches active and standby control piece message（This message weights highest, CE1 only rings to this message
Should）, thus can switch off the main control element of original normal work.
In described step (6), after determining that main control element crashes, the control piece of available control piece list header is direct
The work of adapter main control element, oneself external IP address is revised as being forwarded the IP address that part is considered main control element, former
It is to be repaired that main control element enters available control piece list table end etc. according to the inside IP of oneself.
After determination main control element delays machine, the CE1 in available control piece list directly replaces main control element, the available control of modification
Product list, the main control element of machine of delaying puts into table end, and broadcasts this table to forwarding element and control piece.
If former main control element is delayed after machine, repair in table, then send to existing main control element and bring back to life message, existing main control
Part then updates available control piece list, and former main control element, as CE1, can be moved with control piece thereafter successively afterwards, and to forwarding element and
Control piece broadcasts this table.Other available control pieces are repaired in table end, send to existing main control element and bring back to life message, are arranged according to weights
After CE1, and broadcast this table to forwarding element and control piece.
Main control element has heartbeat detection message with CE1 it is ensured that CE1 is active.If CE1 is inactive, main control element
Update available control piece list, sluggish CE1 enters table end according to weights, and broadcasts this table to forwarding element and control piece.
Claims (5)
1. it is based on and forward with control piece failure detection in controlling network part framework and restoration methods it is characterised in that including following walking
Suddenly：
Step (1) determines main control element and other available control piece lists by control piece administrative unit, and list is informed
Each control piece, list simultaneously informs forwarding element by forwarding element administrative unit；
Step (2) main control element monitors the change of other control piece states, and the change according to other control piece states updates available
Control piece list, and other control pieces and forwarding element are informed in the list after updating；According to forwarding and forwarding in controlling network part
The busy degree of part carries out further work, if forwarding element does not have processing data packets, goes to step (3), if forwarding element is just
In processing data bag, then go to step (4)；
After step (3) forwarding element obtains the control piece list after updating, free time reaffirms control in available control piece list
The availability of product, informs other forwarding elements and available control piece by main control element, then jumps to step (5)；
Step (4) forwarding element, while sending message to main control element, sends a message to being in available control piece list
The control piece of gauge outfit, carries out the unidirectional backup of data between available control piece, realizes the uniformity of related data；
Step (5) forwarding element between main control element using heartbeat and the method that combines of point detection to detect main control element can
With property, main control element adopts heartbeat detecting method between the control piece with available control piece list header；
In described step (5), adopt heartbeat detection mechanism at main control element end, heartbeat is sent to forwarding element from main control element and disappears
Breath；Forwarding element end is more than the time interval of timing detection using point testing mechanism, point detection time；If between a time of detection
Every the interior heartbeat message receiving main control element, then timer is not activated, if not receiving the heartbeat message of main control element, fixed
When device activation, and forwarding element to main control element send message it is desirable to main control element respond, if main control element timer specify
Do not respond then it is assumed that this main control element lost efficacy in time, if responding then it is assumed that this main control element still normal work；
The method that point testing mechanism is combined with heartbeat detection mechanism is specific as follows：
The time interval of setting timing detection is a period T1, and the interval time of setting heartbeat detection is a period T1 and place
The minimum of a value of the time T2 of reason some service requests, that is, heartbeat detection time interval is min (T1, T2), during short task, T2
Less, when asking frequent, T1>T2, timer is not activated；And when asking less, timer activation is unaffected；
Adopt heartbeat detection mechanism at main control element end, heartbeat message is sent to forwarding element from main control element；Forwarding element end adopts
Point detection, the time is T3, T3>T1；Point detection adopts timer, if receiving the heartbeat signal of main control element within the T3 cycle,
Then timer enters next cycle；If not receiving the heartbeat signal of main control element in a cycle, timer swashs
Forwarding element alive, forwarding element sends message to main control element, and requires main control element to respond this message, if at the appointed time,
The response message that forwarding element does not receive this main control element does not receive the heartbeat signal of this main control element then it is assumed that this master control yet
Product lost efficacy；
If in step (5), the method that heartbeat is combined with point detection detects that main control element lost efficacy to step (6), then realize master control
Seamless switching between the control piece of product and available control piece list header；
In described step (6), after determining that main control element lost efficacy, the control piece of available control piece list header is directly taken over
The work of main control element, oneself external IP address is revised as being forwarded the IP address that part is considered main control element, former master control
It is to be repaired that product enters available control piece list table end etc. according to the inside IP of oneself.
2. as claimed in claim 1 being based on forwards and control piece failure detection and restoration methods in controlling network part framework, its
In step (1) described in being characterised by, main control element and other available control piece lists are determined by control piece administrative unit
Operation, be by administrative staff in advance using configuration file or order inform in control piece administrative unit system main control element and
The IP address of other available control pieces, forwarding element administrative unit is by carrying out data exchange acquisition with control piece administrative unit afterwards
Its available control piece list, when forwarding element is inquired to forwarding element administrative unit, available control piece list is informed.
3. as claimed in claim 1 being based on forwards and control piece failure detection and restoration methods in controlling network part framework, its
In step (2) described in being characterised by, when forwarding and controlling network part just start, main control element is available according to human configuration
Control piece list, sends ACK message to the control piece in available control piece list successively, determines its availability；Then basis
Weights arrange available control piece and disabled control piece, and it is all with controlling network part that rank results are broadcast to forwarding
Available control piece and forwarding element.
4. as claimed in claim 1 being based on forwards and control piece failure detection and restoration methods in controlling network part framework, its
In step (2) described in being characterised by, if forwarding element does not have processing data packets, after being updated according to step (2) main control element
Available control piece list, first, in available control piece list, disabled control piece sends ACK message, determines its availability,
If available, then inform main control element, and require again to update available control piece list；If unavailable, then do not appoint
Where is managed；Secondly, forwarding element sends ACK message to the available control piece of available control piece list again, determines its availability, such as
Fruit is unavailable, then inform main control element, and require again to update available control piece list；If available, then do not do any
Process.
5. as claimed in claim 1 being based on forwards and control piece failure detection and restoration methods in controlling network part framework, its
In step (4) described in being characterised by, when forwarding element sends data every time, all it is sent simultaneously to main control element and available control piece
The control piece of list header, main control element carries out to the data of forwarding element processing and returning result, available control piece list header
Control piece the data of forwarding element is only carried out receiving backup, not returning result, according to control piece in available control piece list
Put in order, control piece from previous control piece replicate data content, that is, carries out the unidirectional backup of data, realizes dependency number successively
According to uniformity.
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|---|---|
| CN103401695A (en) | 2013-11-20 |
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