CN103398385A - Waste heat recovery system and method for marine incinerator and marine power device - Google Patents
Waste heat recovery system and method for marine incinerator and marine power device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103398385A CN103398385A CN2013103253182A CN201310325318A CN103398385A CN 103398385 A CN103398385 A CN 103398385A CN 2013103253182 A CN2013103253182 A CN 2013103253182A CN 201310325318 A CN201310325318 A CN 201310325318A CN 103398385 A CN103398385 A CN 103398385A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat recovery system and method for a marine incinerator and a marine power device, belongs to the field of waste heat recovery and solves the problem of how to better recover heat energy of marine equipment. The waste heat recovery system is characterized in that a hot well is sequentially connected with a boiler water feed pump, a secondary preheater, a first steam drum inlet, a first steam drum outlet, a circulating water pump, an economizer, an evaporator, a second steam drum inlet and a second steam drum outlet. The waste heat recovery system is separated into two paths at the second steam drum outlet, wherein one path is sequentially connected with an overheater, a steamer generator, a condenser and a condensate pump and then returns to the hot well to form a closed loop, the other path returns to the hot well after passing through a steam heater. Exhaust gas of a marine waste incinerator and a diesel power device is aerated into a waste heat boiler. Waste heat boiler exhaust gas is aerated into an air preheater. The waste heat recovery system is mainly used for waste heat of the exhaust gas of the incinerator and the power device, diesel cost is saved, and economy and environmentally friendliness of the marine power device are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste heat comprehensive utilization system peculiar to vessel, relate in particular to residual neat recovering system and the recovery method of a kind of boats and ships incinerator and power set.
Background technology
For the boats and ships that use the diesel engine Main propulsion power plant, the jacket-cooling water of the exhaust of main diesel engine and cooling major-minor machine, all contain the heat that can further utilize, and these heats are important component parts of Ship Waste Heat.At present, to Ship Waste Heat utilization research more be mainly the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN aspect of diesel powerplant.The waste heat of diesel powerplant purposes aboard ship roughly has two kinds: a kind of is for heating, as the occupant live required hot water, ocean-going vessel by sea water by distillation with the required steam such as the heat tracing of manufacturing fresh water, the heating of the cabin of cold season and oils and hot water etc.; Another kind is for generation of power, normally by waste heat boiler, produces the generating of steam drive steam turbine generator and saves diesel oil, for the various electricity consumptions of full ship, needs.
In, on low power boats and ships, marine main engine exhaust heat energy is little, recoverable power is limited, so all adopt the simplest waste heat energy for the heating mode.On some very low power ship, even only fill vent water heater with supply vessel on hot water.In large ship, except utilize the main frame waste gas residual heat boiler replace oil burning donkey boiler provide life use mixedly and the steam such as oils heating, the waste heat that produces in order further to take full advantage of Ship Power Equipment, also use steam turbine generator to make this part waste heat produce electric energy and part marine vapor.And on the powerful medium seed diesel engine power set boats and ships of equipment, its available exhaust heat energy equivalence is large, fully effectively utilizes this part energy, is the important channel of realizing that ship energy saving reduces discharging.At boats and ships towards maximizing, today of high speed development, the rated power of diesel engine constantly increases, in order to reduce oil consumption, the outlet temperature of diesel coolant is also brought up to present 80 ℃～85 ℃ from 60 ℃～65 ℃ of the sixties in 20th century, and some high speed machine is even up to more than 90 ℃.The increase of cooling water outlet temperature is greatly improved the quality of cooled water heat energy, also for the utilization of cooling water heat, has created better condition.
Simultaneously, day by day perfect along with environmental regulation, the ship garbage treatment system will be further developed.The incineration treatment of garbage technology is used widely on foreign-going ship as a kind of processing mode of comparative maturity, makes the application of ship garbage incinerator on large ship more and more extensive, and most of rubbish is aboard ship burnt.But because the garbage treatment quantity of the ship garbage incinerator of practical application is little, and on ship, the configuration energy is more, so the high-temperature flue gas that the ship garbage incinerator produces all is not used.This part exhaust is because temperature is high, and its available potential is huge, from environmental protection and economic angle, considers, should take measures to be recycled.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, provide residual neat recovering system and the recovery method of a kind of boats and ships incinerator and power set, in order to the recycling problem of the exhaust heat that solves ship garbage incinerator and diesel powerplant.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The residual neat recovering system of a kind of boats and ships incinerator and power set, comprise waste heat boiler; Economizer, evaporimeter, superheater, exhaust turbine supercharger, total heating flue, ship garbage incinerator, diesel powerplant, steam-heating apparatus, steam turbine generator, condenser, condensate pump, hot well, boiler feed pump, preheater, secondary preheating device, water circulating pump, drum, air preheater;
Described economizer, evaporimeter and superheater are arranged in waste heat boiler; Hot well connects first outlet, water circulating pump, economizer, evaporimeter, the second entrance of drum, the second outlet of drum of the first entrance, the drum of boiler feed pump, preheater, secondary preheating device, drum successively;
The second exit of drum is divided into two-way: wherein a road connects superheater, steam turbine generator, condenser, condensate pump successively, finally returns to hot well and forms loop; Hot well is also returned on an other road after steam-heating apparatus;
In waste heat boiler, by exhaust turbine supercharger and total heating flue, pass into the exhaust of ship garbage incinerator and diesel powerplant;
In air preheater, pass into the waste heat boiler exhaust;
Diesel powerplant also connects preheater No. one time.
Between steam turbine generator and steam-heating apparatus, also have additional auxiliary boiler.
Described economizer, evaporimeter and superheater are finned boiler steel.
Described water circulating pump adopts centrifugal heat-exchanger pump.
Described waste heat boiler is water-tube boiler; Described hot well also is communicated with atmosphere.
The exhaust heat recovering method of the residual neat recovering system of above-mentioned boats and ships incinerator and power set is following steps:
At first the exhaust of ship garbage incinerator and diesel powerplant 8 enters total heating flue, then exhaust enters the exhaust driven gas turbine in exhaust turbine supercharger by total heating flue, exhaust enters waste heat boiler after in exhaust driven gas turbine, expanding and doing work, and the temperature of exhaust this moment is 300 ℃;
Water in boiler feed pump pressurization hot well, be delivered to the water in hot well in preheater after once heating and enter the secondary preheating device, after the secondary preheating device carries out post bake, enters drum; The water that flow out drum this moment is 175 ℃ of saturation waters, and by after water circulating pump, entering the secondary preheating device, heating is from the boiler feedwater to 75 ℃ of a preheater, then successively by after economizer and evaporimeter, returning to drum; Drum separates steam water interface wherein, the saturated vapor that produces is divided into two-way, one road saturated vapor passes into superheater and becomes after superheated steam and enter the steam turbine generator acting, finishes exhaust steam after merit and enters condenser and be condensed into liquid state, after condensate pump, returns to hot well; Another road saturated vapor directly leads to each steam-heating apparatus on ship, and part steam or steam water interface after having utilized return to hot well.
The present invention, with respect to prior art, has following advantage and effect:
1) for after new shipbuilding oceangoing ship or transformation boats and ships installation native system, the fuel consume of vessel motion or lay day oil burning donkey boiler can be significantly reduced, fuel cost can be saved.
2) native system not only takes full advantage of exhaust heat and the cooling water heat of marine diesel power set, also reasonably utilized ship garbage incinerator exhaust waste heat, except boiler feed pump, water circulating pump, a small amount of electric energy of condensate pump consumption, the saturated vapor of generation does not need any cost.
3) because the high-temperature flue gas after waste incineration can directly be utilized by said system, the ship garbage incinerator no longer arranges air blast with coolant exhaust, has both simplified the waste incineration furnace apparatus, can reach energy-conservation effect again.
4) native system is provided with total heating flue, for concentrating from a plurality of hot equipment recovery waste heats.Simultaneously, all total heating flue centralized recovery utilizations of warp of exhaust due to ship garbage incinerator and diesel powerplant, the exhaust of these two equipment can unify after processing reaches discharge standard to be discharged into atmosphere again, thereby simplifies environmental protection equipment device, reduction cost of investment, the operational management efficiency that improves.
5) after native system was installed, the delivery temperature of ship garbage incinerator and diesel powerplant obviously reduced.When this system was installed, the delivery temperature of ship garbage incinerator was not about 1100 ℃, and the delivery temperature of diesel powerplant is about 300 ℃; After this system was installed, the delivery temperature of these two equipment can be reduced to 170 ℃ of left and right.At the boats and ships lay day, the reduction delivery temperature just means can reduce the thermal pollution of boats and ships to harbour and surrounding area, reduces " tropical island effect " in city.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is more specifically described in detail.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the residual neat recovering system of boats and ships incinerator of the present invention and power set, comprise waste heat boiler 1, economizer 2, evaporimeter 3, superheater 4, exhaust turbine supercharger 5, total heating flue 6, ship garbage incinerator 7, diesel powerplant 8, steam-heating apparatus 9, steam turbine generator 10, condenser 11, condensate pump 12, hot well 13, boiler feed pump 14, preheater 15, secondary preheating device 16, water circulating pump 17, drum 18, air preheater 19;
Described economizer 2, evaporimeter 3 and superheater 4 are arranged in waste heat boiler 1; Hot well 13 connects first outlet, water circulating pump 17, economizer 2, evaporimeter 3, the second entrance of drum 18, the second outlet of drum 18 of the first entrance, the drum 18 of boiler feed pump 14, preheater 15, secondary preheating device 16, drum 18 successively;
The second exit of drum 18 is divided into two-way; Wherein a road connects superheater 4, steam turbine generator 10, condenser 11, condensate pump 12 successively, finally returns to hot well 13 and forms loop; Hot well 13 is also returned on an other road after steam-heating apparatus 9;
In waste heat boiler 1, by exhaust turbine supercharger 5 and total heating flue 6, pass into the exhaust of ship garbage incinerator 7 and diesel powerplant 8;
In air preheater 19, pass into waste heat boiler 1 exhaust; Diesel powerplant 8 also connects preheater 15 No. one time.
Between steam turbine generator 10 and steam-heating apparatus 9, also have additional auxiliary boiler 20.Described auxiliary boiler 20 is oil burning boiler.Its effect is when native system can not meet full marine electric with heat demand, to start auxiliary boiler 20, the required quantity of steam of each steam-heating apparatus 9 on the auxiliary boiler supplementary steam turbine generator 10 of 20 generation steam and ship.Auxiliary boiler 20 can use valve to control with the junction of steam turbine generator 10 and steam-heating apparatus 9 pipelines.
Described economizer 2, evaporimeter 3 and superheater 4 are finned boiler steel.
Described water circulating pump 17 adopts centrifugal heat-exchanger pump; Described waste heat boiler 1 is water-tube boiler; Described hot well 13 also is communicated with atmosphere.
The exhaust heat recovering method of the residual neat recovering system of above-mentioned boats and ships incinerator and power set is following steps:
At first the exhaust of ship garbage incinerator 7 and diesel powerplant 8 enters total heating flue 6, then exhaust enters the exhaust driven gas turbine in exhaust turbine supercharger 5 by total heating flue 6, exhaust enters waste heat boiler 1 after in exhaust driven gas turbine, expanding and doing work, and the temperature of exhaust this moment is 300 ℃;
Water in boiler feed pump 14 pressurization hot wells 13, be delivered to the water in hot well 13 in preheater 15 after once heating and enter secondary preheating device 16, after secondary preheating device 16 carries out post bake, enters drum 18; The water that flow out drum 18 this moment is 175 ℃ of saturation waters to 180 ℃ of left and right, by after water circulating pump 17, entering secondary preheating device 16, heating from the boiler feedwater to 75 of a preheater ℃ to 80 ℃ of left and right, then successively by after economizer 2 and evaporimeter 3, returning to drum 18; The steam water interface that drum 18 separates wherein, the saturated vapor that produces is divided into two-way, one road saturated vapor passes into superheater 4 and becomes after superheated steam and enter steam turbine generator 10 actings, finishes exhaust steam after merit and enters condenser 11 and be condensed into liquid state, after condensate pump 12, returns to hot well 13; Another road saturated vapor directly leads to each steam-heating apparatus 9 on ship, and part steam or steam water interface after having utilized return to hot well 13.
The pressure of boiler feed pump 14 outlets is the operating pressure of waste heat boiler 1 correspondence.
The temperature of the unsaturated water of preheater 15 outlet is between 70 ℃ and 75 ℃.The temperature of the unsaturated water of secondary preheating device 16 outlet is generally low approximately 10 ℃ than the saturation water temperature in drum 18, is about in the present embodiment 165 ℃.
The temperature of the unsaturated water of economizer 2 import is between 125 ℃ and 130 ℃, and economizer 2 outlet water temperatures, because the reason in operation is got lower than 12 ℃ of saturated water temperatures, are about 163 ℃ in the present embodiment.
Saturated vapor and saturation water refer to that aqueous water and water vapour are in the state of dynamic equilibrium, and the water vapour that is in saturation state is called saturated vapor, and the aqueous water that is in saturation state is called saturation water.At this moment, the temperature of saturated vapor and saturation water is identical, is called saturation temperature; The pressure of saturated vapor and saturation water is identical, is called saturation pressure.Water lower than saturation temperature is called unsaturated water.
Described total heating flue 6 can be equipped with valve, be used to controlling flue gas flow, prevents simultaneously the flue gas leakage.
The pressure of described boiler feed pump 14 outlet boiler feedwaters is the operating pressure of waste heat boiler 1 correspondence.
The pressure of the interior saturation water of described drum 18, saturated vapor is the operating pressure of waste heat boiler 1 correspondence, and the temperature of saturation water, saturated vapor is the saturation temperature under the corresponding operating pressure of waste heat boiler 1.
The saturated vapor some that described drum 18 produces enters each steam-heating apparatus for heating, and another partly enters superheater 4 and produces superheated steam for generating.
The pressure of the unsaturated water of entrance of a described preheater 15, secondary preheating device 16 and the pressure that goes out saliva are the operating pressure of waste heat boiler 1 correspondence.
A described preheater 15, secondary preheating device 16 generally are designed to boiler feedwater and after preheating, are in unsaturation or the saturated liquid state under evaporating pressure.
A described preheater 15 utilizes the diesel powerplant cooling water to heat the boiler feedwater from hot well 13.
Described secondary preheating device 16 utilizes the saturation water of drum to carry out post bake to boiler feedwater.
Described air preheater 19 is the air preheater of ship garbage incinerator, and waste heat boiler 1 exhaust enters air preheater 19 preheatings and passes into the air in the ship garbage incinerator, utilizes more fully exhaust heat, and exhaust finally is discharged into atmosphere.
As mentioned above, just can realize preferably the present invention.
Embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other are any does not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the residual neat recovering system of a boats and ships incinerator and power set is characterized in that: comprise waste heat boiler, economizer, evaporimeter, superheater, exhaust turbine supercharger, total heating flue, ship garbage incinerator, diesel powerplant, steam-heating apparatus, steam turbine generator, condenser, condensate pump, hot well, boiler feed pump, preheater, secondary preheating device, water circulating pump, drum, air preheater;
Described economizer, evaporimeter and superheater are arranged in waste heat boiler; Hot well connects first outlet, water circulating pump, economizer, evaporimeter, the second entrance of drum, the second outlet of drum of the first entrance, the drum of boiler feed pump, preheater, secondary preheating device, drum successively;
The second exit of drum is divided into two-way: wherein a road connects superheater, steam turbine generator, condenser, condensate pump successively, finally returns to hot well and forms loop; Hot well is also returned on an other road after steam-heating apparatus;
In waste heat boiler, by exhaust turbine supercharger and total heating flue, pass into the exhaust of ship garbage incinerator and diesel powerplant;
In air preheater, pass into the waste heat boiler exhaust;
Diesel powerplant also connects preheater No. one time.
2. the residual neat recovering system of boats and ships incinerator according to claim 1 and power set, is characterized in that: between steam turbine generator and steam-heating apparatus, also have additional auxiliary boiler.
3. the residual neat recovering system of boats and ships incinerator according to claim 1 and power set, it is characterized in that: described economizer, evaporimeter and superheater are finned boiler steel.
4. the residual neat recovering system of boats and ships incinerator according to claim 1 and power set, is characterized in that: the centrifugal heat-exchanger pump of described water circulating pump employing.
5. the residual neat recovering system of boats and ships incinerator according to claim 1 and power set, it is characterized in that: described waste heat boiler is water-tube boiler; Described hot well also is communicated with atmosphere.
6. the exhaust heat recovering method of the residual neat recovering system of the described boats and ships incinerator of any one and power set in claim 1～5 is characterized in that following steps:
At first the exhaust of ship garbage incinerator and diesel powerplant 8 enters total heating flue, then exhaust enters the exhaust driven gas turbine in exhaust turbine supercharger by total heating flue, exhaust enters waste heat boiler after in exhaust driven gas turbine, expanding and doing work, and the temperature of exhaust this moment is 300 ℃;
Water in boiler feed pump pressurization hot well, be delivered to the water in hot well in preheater after once heating and enter the secondary preheating device, after the secondary preheating device carries out post bake, enters drum; The water that flow out drum this moment is 175 ℃ of saturation waters, and by after water circulating pump, entering the secondary preheating device, heating is from the boiler feedwater to 75 ℃ of a preheater, then successively by after economizer and evaporimeter, returning to drum; Drum separates steam water interface wherein, the saturated vapor that produces is divided into two-way, one road saturated vapor passes into superheater and becomes after superheated steam and enter the steam turbine generator acting, finishes exhaust steam after merit and enters condenser and be condensed into liquid state, after condensate pump, returns to hot well; Another road saturated vapor directly leads to each steam-heating apparatus on ship, and part steam or steam water interface after having utilized return to hot well.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN104033873A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-09-10 | 北京时代科锐新能源科技有限公司 | Heating device and method based on well drilling diesel engine waste heat recycling |
| CN105927990A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-07 | 广西欧讯科技服务有限责任公司 | Marine incinerator dirty oil cabinet with warning function |
| CN108180089A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of ship mixes hydrogen diesel installation |
| CN112814806A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 航天推进技术研究院 | Control method of waste heat combined power generation system of main diesel engine of ship |
| CN114109544A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | LNG ship redundant volatile gas combustion power generation device and combustion power generation method |
| CN115263471A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 广船国际有限公司 | Marine waste heat power generation system |
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| CN105927991A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-07 | 广西欧讯科技服务有限责任公司 | Marine incinerator dirty oil tank |
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