CN103397404B - Method for increasing specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber - Google Patents
Method for increasing specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN103397404B CN103397404B CN201310295931.4A CN201310295931A CN103397404B CN 103397404 B CN103397404 B CN 103397404B CN 201310295931 A CN201310295931 A CN 201310295931A CN 103397404 B CN103397404 B CN 103397404B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for increasing the specific surface area of a wooden active carbon fiber. The method comprises the following process steps of: carrying out pre-oxidation treatment on a wooden active carbon fiber precursor, and activating the obtained pre-oxidized fiber so as to obtain the wooden active carbon fiber. Compared with the wooden active carbon fiber which is not subjected to the pre-oxidation treatment, the wooden active carbon fiber prepared by utilizing the method has the advantage that the specific surface area is greatly increased; and the method is convenient to operate, is low in energy consumption and has a relatively good industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical fibre field, particularly, relate to a kind of by pre-oxidation treatment, thus wood active carbon fiber of being improved of specific area and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Activated carbon fiber (Activated Carbon Fiber; be called for short ACF) be a kind of new sorbing material risen at present; as a kind of Novel adsorption functional material; the aspects such as the depollution of environment, catalyst carrier, electrode material can be widely used in; compared with active carbon; it possesses the features such as diameter is thin, specific area is high, adsorption capacity is large, adsorption desorption speed is fast, is described as one of 21 century state-of-the-art environment conscious material.At present, the raw materials of activated carbon fiber is mainly based on petrochemicals, although the product prepared has excellent absorption property, because petroleum resources are day by day in short supply, makes activated carbon fiber not have sustainable developability.Highly advocating today of energy greenization, how preparing that wood active carbon fiber replaces with fossil resources is that the activated carbon fiber of raw material becomes an important topic.
At present, the core technology of activated carbon fiber mainly rests in external monopoly enterprise especially in Japan, U.S.'s hand, have developed different material base, has had the extraordinary activated carbon fiber product of different absorption property.Activated carbon fiber and products thereof is in developed countries such as Japan, the U.S., industrialization and practical stage are entered, and the activated carbon fiber of China is also in development, exploitation and experimental stage substantially, not yet can start the kind with industrialization value, properties of product need further raising.
Wooden Biomass resource is renewable, and what it contained enrich cellulose and lignin is all the good precursor raw materials preparing activated carbon fiber, and a large amount of discarded timber and wood machining residues all can become the raw material sources of activated carbon fiber.Utilize the biomass resources such as timber as the precursor material of activated carbon fiber, the sustainable use of activated carbon fiber raw material can be realized, reduce the production cost of activated carbon fiber, there is great strategic importance in environmental protection and resources reserve etc.
Current, in the world, in order to improve the specific area of wood active carbon fiber, improving its characterization of adsorption, the general means by changing activation parameter, as improved activation temperature, extending soak time, strengthening activator concentration etc.But the complex operation of these methods, owing to needing higher activation temperature, causes power consumption large, is not suitable with the requirement of conservation-minded society.Therefore in the urgent need to a kind of easy to operate and method of the raising specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber that energy consumption is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method improving specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber.
Another object of the present invention is to the wood active carbon fiber providing a kind of specific area high.
A kind of method improving specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, and obtained timber liquefied matter precursor, to precursor by pre-oxidation treatment, prepares preoxided thread;
(2) preoxided thread is made activation processing, obtain wood active carbon fiber.
By well known to a person skilled in the art technological means, timber liquefied matter obtains timber liquefied matter precursor through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, and the method is open in Chinese patent CN102719935A.
Wherein, the pre-oxidation treatment of step (1) is that precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, and precursor two ends are fixed, and pass into air, and air mass flow is 0.2-0.6m
3/ h, first heats up, then lowers the temperature, and stops passing into air, takes out preoxided thread
In above-mentioned steps (1), heating rate is 0.5-1 DEG C/min, is warming up to 200-280 DEG C, is down to room temperature after insulation 40-80min, stops passing into air, takes out preoxided thread.
Wherein, step (1) puts into the quality of the precursor of pre-oxidation furnace is 1-2g.
Preferably, air mass flow is 0.6m
3/ h, heating rate is 1 DEG C/min.
Preferably, the quality putting into pre-oxidation furnace precursor is 1.5g.
In described step (1), be down to room temperature after being heated to 280 DEG C of insulation 60min, stop passing into air, take out preoxided thread.
In the step (2) of the inventive method, activation process step is as follows:
Under inert gas or nitrogen protection, preoxided thread is made activation processing, activation temperature is 650-910 DEG C, and the activator of use is water vapour, and steam rates is 3.9 ~ 7.1g/min, and soak time is 30-60min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.
Preferably, in activation process step, steam rates is 4.84g/min, and soak time is 60min.
The wood active carbon fiber that the inventive method prepares is also in protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention improves the method for wood active carbon fiber, and in step (1), the technological parameter of pre-oxidation step is as follows:
1-2g precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, and two ends clip is fixed, and opens air generating pump and passes into a certain amount of air, and air mass flow is 0.2-0.6m
3/ h, heating rate is 0.5-1 DEG C/min, is down to room temperature, closes air generating pump, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 200-280 DEG C of insulation 40-80min.
Pass through great many of experiments, in conjunction with its result, inventor finds in step (1), not only the selection of Pre oxidation scope is a key factor, simultaneously, the quality of precursor, air velocity and heating rate also have larger impact to oxidizing process, if temperature is not enough, precursor adds too much, heating rate is excessively slow, then products therefrom degree of oxidation is obviously not enough, and sorption and desorption ability is poor, and specific area is little, vice versa, the wood active carbon fiber quality of gained obviously declines, and cannot reach technologic requirement, more cannot meet large-scale production demand.In the condition and range of pre-oxidation of the present invention, extraordinary effect can be realized.
For the technological parameter of the step (2) of the inventive method, specific as follows:
Under nitrogen protection preoxided thread is made activation processing, activation temperature is 650-910 DEG C, and the activator of use is water vapour, and flow is 3.9-7.1g/min, and soak time is 30-60min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.
Preferably, raising specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber method of the present invention is:
1) preparation of oxidization fiber: timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, obtained timber liquefied matter precursor, then 1.5g precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, two ends clip is fixed, open air generating pump and pass into a certain amount of air, air mass flow is 0.6m
3/ h, heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, is down to room temperature, closes air generating pump, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 280 DEG C of insulation 60min.
2) under nitrogen protection preoxided thread is made activation processing; activation temperature is 910 DEG C of activators used is water vapour, and flow is 4.84g/min, and soak time is 60min; obtain the wood active carbon fiber of function admirable, the specific area of the wood active carbon fiber of gained reaches 3068m
2/ g, total pore volume reaches 1.728cc/g.
The wood active carbon fiber that the inventive method obtains has larger specific area, further, due in threadiness, the various ways such as cloth, band, felt can be woven into and use, for engineer applied provides certain flexibility, thus solve the insurmountable problem of many granular active carbons.
In addition, by special processing mode of the present invention, first pre-oxidation is carried out, then activate, the wood active carbon fiber of gained is possessed excellent physicochemical property, specific area increases greatly, and adsorption and desorption ability is all improved, and is widely used in the fields such as environmental protection, electronics, medical sanitary, chemical industry with its special surface chemical structure and physical adsorption characteristic.Further, method of the present invention is easy to operate, and energy consumption is little, has good prospects for commercial application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pre-oxidation treatment group of embodiment 1 and the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve comparison diagram of control group.Wherein, relative pressure is the ratio of the saturated vapor pressure of nitrogen under nitrogen partial pressure and liquid nitrogen temperature.
Fig. 2 is the pre-oxidation treatment group of embodiment 2 and the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve comparison diagram of control group.
Fig. 3 is the pre-oxidation treatment group of embodiment 3 and the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve comparison diagram of control group.
Fig. 4 is the pre-oxidation treatment group of embodiment 4 and the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve comparison diagram of control group.
Fig. 5 is the pre-oxidation treatment group of embodiment 5 and the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve comparison diagram of control group.
Fig. 6 is the pre-oxidation treatment group of embodiment 6 and the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve comparison diagram of control group.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples further illustrate content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, the amendment do the inventive method, step or condition or replacement, all belong to scope of the present invention.
If do not specialize, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art, in embodiment, each raw material added unless otherwise indicated, is commercially available convenient source.
Embodiment 1 improves the method (1) of wood active carbon fiber
Timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, obtained timber liquefied matter precursor (method is see Chinese patent CN102719935A), then 1.5g precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, two ends clip is fixed, and opening air generating pump, to pass into flow be 0.6m
3the air of/h, heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, is down to room temperature, closes air generating pump, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 200 DEG C of insulation 60min.Repeat above step and obtain 5g oxidization fiber, then under nitrogen protection it is carried out activation processing at 650 DEG C, the activator of use is steam, and flow is 4.84g/min, and soak time is 60min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.Establish control group, be the group of directly being carried out by precursor activating without pre-oxidation treatment, each parameter of its activation step is with pre-oxidation treatment group simultaneously.
According to the nitrogen adsorption desorption curve figure that the Autosorb-iQ nitrogen adsorption instrument adopting Quantachrome instrument company to provide obtains, the specific area adopting multiple spot BET method to survey the wood active carbon fiber that institute's the present embodiment obtains is 701m
2/ g, comparatively the specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber 665m of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment)
2/ g adds 5.4%, sees Fig. 1.Adopt nitrogen capacity corresponding to nitrogen adsorption curve relative pressure peak to record total pore volume and reach 0.385/g, comparatively the total pore volume 0.373cc/g of the wood active carbon fiber of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment) adds 3.2%.
Embodiment 2 improves the method (2) of wood active carbon fiber
Timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, and obtained timber liquefied matter precursor, then 1.5g precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, two ends clip is fixed, and opening air generating pump, to pass into flow be 0.6m
3the air of/h, heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, is down to room temperature, closes air generating pump, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 280 DEG C of insulation 60min.Repeat above step and obtain 5g oxidization fiber, then under nitrogen protection it is carried out activation processing at 650 DEG C, the activator of use is steam, and flow is 4.84g/min, and soak time is 40min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.Establish control group, be the group of directly being carried out by precursor activating without pre-oxidation treatment, each parameter of its activation step is with pre-oxidation treatment group simultaneously.
According to the nitrogen adsorption desorption curve figure that the Autosorb-iQ nitrogen adsorption instrument adopting Quantachrome instrument company to provide obtains, the specific area of the wood active carbon fiber that the present embodiment adopting multiple spot BET method to record obtains is 779m
2/ g, comparatively the specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber 665m of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment)
2/ g adds 17.1%, sees Fig. 2.Adopt nitrogen capacity corresponding to nitrogen adsorption curve relative pressure peak to record total pore volume and reach 0.480cc/g, comparatively the total pore volume 0.373cc/g of the wood active carbon fiber of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment) adds 28.7%.
Embodiment 3 improves the method (3) of wood active carbon fiber
Timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, and obtained timber liquefied matter precursor, then 1g precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, two ends clip is fixed, and opening air generating pump, to pass into flow be 0.2m
3the air of/h, heating rate is 0.5 DEG C/min, is down to room temperature, closes air generating pump, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 240 DEG C of insulation 40min.Repeat above step and obtain 4.5g oxidization fiber, then under nitrogen protection it is carried out activation processing at 800 DEG C, the activator of use is steam, and flow is 7.1g/min, and soak time is 30min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.Establish control group, be the group of directly being carried out by precursor activating without pre-oxidation treatment, each parameter of its activation step is with pre-oxidation treatment group simultaneously.
According to the nitrogen adsorption desorption curve figure that the Autosorb-iQ nitrogen adsorption instrument adopting Quantachrome instrument company to provide obtains, the specific area of the wood active carbon fiber of the present embodiment adopting multiple spot BET method to record is 969m
2/ g, comparatively the specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber 871m of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment)
2/ g adds 11.3%, sees Fig. 3.Adopt nitrogen capacity corresponding to nitrogen adsorption curve relative pressure peak to record total pore volume and reach 0.453cc/g, comparatively the total pore volume 0.434cc/g of the wood active carbon fiber of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment) adds 4.4%.
Embodiment 4 improves the method (4) of wood active carbon fiber
Timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, and obtained timber liquefied matter precursor, then 2g precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, two ends clip is fixed, and opening air generating pump, to pass into flow be 0.6m
3the air of/h, heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, is down to room temperature, closes air generating pump, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 240 DEG C of insulation 60min.Repeat above step and obtain 5g oxidization fiber, then under helium protection, it is carried out activation processing at 910 DEG C, the activator of use is steam, and flow is 4.84g/min, and soak time is 60min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.Establish control group, be the group of directly being carried out by precursor activating without pre-oxidation treatment, each parameter of its activation step is with pre-oxidation treatment group simultaneously.
According to the nitrogen adsorption desorption curve figure that the Autosorb-iQ nitrogen adsorption instrument adopting Quantachrome instrument company to provide obtains, the specific area of multiple spot BET method method to the wood active carbon fiber of gained is adopted to be measured as 2877m
2/ g, comparatively the specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber 2592m of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment)
2/ g adds 11.0%, sees Fig. 4.Adopt nitrogen capacity corresponding to nitrogen adsorption curve relative pressure peak to record total pore volume and reach 1.476cc/g, comparatively the total pore volume 1.313cc/g of the wood active carbon fiber of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment) adds 12.4%.
Embodiment 5 improves the method (5) of wood active carbon fiber
Timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, and obtained timber liquefied matter precursor, then 1.5g precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, two ends clip is fixed, and opening air generating pump, to pass into flow be 0.6m
3the air of/h, heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, is down to room temperature, closes air generating pump, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 280 DEG C of insulation 60min.Repeat above step and obtain 4g oxidization fiber, then under helium protection, it is carried out activation processing at 910 DEG C, the activator of use is steam, and flow is 4.84g/min, and soak time is 60min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.Establish control group, be the group of directly being carried out by precursor activating without pre-oxidation treatment, each parameter of its activation step is with pre-oxidation treatment group simultaneously.
According to the nitrogen adsorption desorption curve figure that the Autosorb-iQ nitrogen adsorption instrument adopting Quantachrome instrument company to provide obtains, the specific area adopting multiple spot BET method to record wood active carbon fiber is 3068m
2/ g, comparatively the specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber 2592m of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment)
2/ g adds 18.4%, sees Fig. 5.Adopt nitrogen capacity corresponding to nitrogen adsorption curve relative pressure peak to record total pore volume and reach 1.728cc/g, comparatively the total pore volume 1.313cc/g of the wood active carbon fiber of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment) adds 31.6%.
Embodiment 6 improves the method (6) of wood active carbon fiber
Timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, obtained timber liquefied matter precursor (method is see Chinese patent CN102719935A), then 1.5g precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, two ends clip is fixed, and opening air generating pump, to pass into flow be 0.6m
3the air of/h, heating rate is 0.5 DEG C/min, is down to room temperature, closes air generating pump, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 240 DEG C of insulation 60min.Repeat above step and obtain 4.5g oxidization fiber, then under nitrogen protection it is carried out activation processing at 910 DEG C, the activator of use is steam, and flow is 3.9g/min, and soak time is 50min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.Establish control group, be the group of directly being carried out by precursor activating without pre-oxidation treatment, each parameter of its activation step is with pre-oxidation treatment group simultaneously.
According to the nitrogen adsorption desorption curve figure that the Autosorb-iQ nitrogen adsorption instrument adopting Quantachrome instrument company to provide obtains, the specific area adopting multiple spot BET method to survey the wood active carbon fiber that institute's the present embodiment obtains is 2731m
2/ g, comparatively the specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber 2592m of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment)
2/ g adds 5.4%, sees Fig. 6.Adopt nitrogen capacity corresponding to nitrogen adsorption curve relative pressure peak to record total pore volume and reach 1.361cc/g, comparatively the total pore volume 1.313cc/g of the wood active carbon fiber of control group (without pre-oxidation treatment) adds 3.7%.
Claims (7)
1. improve a method for specific surface area of wooden active carbon fiber, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) timber liquefied matter is through the synthesis of spinning solution, melt spinning and curing process, and obtained timber liquefied matter precursor, to precursor by pre-oxidation treatment, prepares preoxided thread;
Wherein, the pre-oxidation treatment of step (1) is that precursor is put into pre-oxidation furnace, and the quality putting into the precursor of pre-oxidation furnace is 1-2g, and precursor two ends are fixed, and pass into air, and air mass flow is 0.2-0.6m
3/ h, first heats up, and heating rate is 0.5-1 DEG C/min, is warming up to 200-280 DEG C, is down to room temperature after insulation 40-60min, stops passing into air, takes out preoxided thread;
(2) preoxided thread is made activation processing, obtain wood active carbon fiber; Wherein, step (2) activation process step is: under inert gas or nitrogen protection, preoxided thread is made activation processing; activation temperature is 650-910 DEG C; the activator used is water vapour; steam rates is 3.9 ~ 7.1g/min; soak time is 30-60min, obtains wood active carbon fiber.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in the pre-oxidation treatment of step (1), air mass flow is 0.6m
3/ h, heating rate is 1 DEG C/min.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in the pre-oxidation treatment of step (1), the quality putting into the precursor of pre-oxidation furnace is 1-1.5g.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, the quality putting into pre-oxidation furnace precursor is 1.5g.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), is down to room temperature, stops passing into air, take out preoxided thread after being heated to 280 DEG C of insulation 60min.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), steam rates is 4.84g/min, and soak time is 60min.
7. the wood active carbon fiber for preparing of the arbitrary described method of claim 1-6.
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| CN104307470B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-06-29 | 天津理工大学 | Preparation method of cellulose fibre based active carbon fiber of a kind of high adsorption capacity and products thereof and application |
| CN104695059A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-06-10 | 北京林业大学 | Preparation method of lignin-based activated carbon fiber with large specific surface area |
| CN106702538A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-24 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of high-performance activated carbon fibers |
| CN107934955B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2021-03-05 | 浙江大学 | Method for activating commercial carbon fiber cloth |
| CN109224627B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-05-22 | 安徽三联学院 | Atmospheric particulate filtering material |
| CN109680363B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-06-01 | 北京林业大学 | Curing treatment method of lignin-based fiber and obtained product |
| CN112973631B (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2022-09-16 | 上海毅蓝电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of activated carbon filter element for filtering total organic carbon in electroplating solution |
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