CN103397387B - The rothenio-palladium nanodendrites of a kind of preparation method of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites and preparation thereof - Google Patents

The rothenio-palladium nanodendrites of a kind of preparation method of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites and preparation thereof Download PDF

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CN103397387B
CN103397387B CN201310280950.XA CN201310280950A CN103397387B CN 103397387 B CN103397387 B CN 103397387B CN 201310280950 A CN201310280950 A CN 201310280950A CN 103397387 B CN103397387 B CN 103397387B
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palladium
nanodendrites
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rothenio
rhodium
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CN103397387A (en
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张辉
齐悦
杜宁
杨德仁
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, oil-soluble rhodium salt and palladium salt are dissolved in oleyl amine obtaining to the first solution; Softex kw and trioctylphosphine are dissolved in oleyl amine to obtain to the second solution; When the second solution is stirred, be heated to 160-200 ° of C, the first solution injected to above-mentioned the second solution with liquid-transfering gun, under 140-200 ° of C, react 1-24 hour; By the product centrifugation obtaining, obtain rothenio-palladium nanodendrites. The present invention is taking oil-soluble palladium salt and rhodium salt as source metal, taking oleyl amine as solvent, reducing agent, dressing agent and stabilizing agent, under uniform temperature, reacts, and preparation method is simple, agents useful for same is nontoxic. The invention also discloses rothenio-palladium nanodendrites prepared by described method, the sea urchin shape exposing for high miller index surface, and nanodendrites size homogeneous, good dispersion, composition is adjustable.

Description

The rothenio-palladium nanodendrites of a kind of preparation method of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites and preparation thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of nanometer material technology, relate in particular to a kind of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites and preparation thereofMethod.
Background technology
Noble metal nanocrystalline mainly refer to the noble metal of size between 1-100nm (as gold, silver,Rhodium, platinum, palladium) single crystal grain, in recent years, noble metal nanocrystalline is because it is in catalysis, air-sensitive, lifeThe extensive use in the fields such as thing medical science and stored energy conversion, has been subject to researcher's extensive concern. ItsMiddle rhodium is nanocrystalline to be obtained extensively aspect vehicle exhaust processing and organic reaction catalysis as catalystGeneral application, as hydrogenation reaction, hydroformylation reaction, alkylation reaction etc., therefore improves rhodium nanocrystallineCatalytic performance has important practical significance. In numerous research methods, synthetic rhodium-base alloy is nanocrystallineIt is a kind of important channel of improving its catalytic performance.
Synthetic rothenio-palladium is nanocrystalline mainly contains following some advantage: (1), rhodium, palladium are all that the center of area is verticalThe metal of square structure, both lattice paprmeter difference is less, so both are easier to form alloy;(2), palladium is also a kind of noble metal with catalytic performance, in the time that rhodium palladium forms alloy, intermetallicCoupling can improve catalytic performance; (3), with respect to rhodium, the price of palladium is comparatively cheap, canReduce costs.
According to domestic and international present Research, known: the nanocrystalline pattern of rothenio-palladium of delivering after deliberationMainly irregular nano particle (J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2012,134,12390-12393;CatalysisCommunications, 2010,11,919 – 922). Prepare not than theseThe rothenio-palladium of rule is nanocrystalline, the nanodendrites of sea urchin shape be one more difficult synthetic, performance is good, valencyBe worth high nanocrystalline pattern.
Therefore, inventing a kind of new method of preparing sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites has very importantScientific research and realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to enrich the nanocrystalline research of existing rothenio-palladium, a kind of sea urchin shape rhodium is providedThe preparation method of palldium alloy nanodendrites, rothenio-palladium nanodendrites prepared by the method size evenly,Good dispersion, composition are controlled.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A preparation method for rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, comprises the following steps:
(1) palladium salt, rhodium salt are dissolved in oleyl amine to obtain to the first solution; By cetyl trimethyl bromineChange ammonium and trioctylphosphine and be dissolved in oleyl amine to obtain the second solution;
(2) when the second solution stirring, be heated to 140-220 ° of C, molten by first with liquid-transfering gunLiquid injects above-mentioned the second solution, under 140-220 ° of C, reacts 1-24 hour;
(3) product centrifugation step (2) being obtained, obtains rothenio-palladium nanodendrites.
In above-mentioned preparation process, too much rhodium salt makes product form irregular dendritic morphology; And too muchPalladium salt will cause forming nanodendrites, but obtain reunite nano particle. As preferably,In step (1), the concentration of palladium salt is 0.002~0.02mol/L, and the mol ratio of palladium salt and rhodium salt is9:1~1:9。
Further preferably, in step (1), the concentration of palladium salt is 0.005~0.01mol/L.
The present invention prepares rothenio-palladium nanodendrites in oil phase, so the selection of raw material must be oilDissolubility, as preferably, in step (1), palladium salt is palladium acetylacetonate or acid chloride; Rhodium salt is threeFluorine acetic acid rhodium dimer or acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione rhodium.
In the present invention, softex kw has played the effect of dressing agent, wherein bromide ion choosingThe absorption of selecting property makes nanocrystalline formation pine-tree structure; And trioctylphosphine makes two by complexingIt is nanocrystalline that kind metal obtains rothenio-palladium through coreduction process. As preferably, in step (1) tenThe molar concentration of six alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromides and trioctylphosphine be respectively 0.01~0.2mol/L and0.03~0.5mol/L。
As preferably, the first solution of step (1) and the volume ratio of the second solution are 1:3~1:1.
The rothenio-palladium nanodendrites that the present invention also provides said method to prepare.
The present invention is taking oil-soluble palladium salt and rhodium salt as source metal, using oleyl amine as solvent, reducing agent,Dressing agent and stabilizing agent, react under uniform temperature, prepares the sea urchin that high miller index surface exposesShape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites.
Agents useful for same of the present invention is comparatively simple, nontoxic, preparation method is simple and easy; The rhodium preparingPalldium alloy nanodendrites size homogeneous, good dispersion, composition is adjustable. The sea urchin of preparing provided by the inventionThe new method of shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, has more important academic significance and realistic meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the pattern photo of the rothenio-palladium nanodendrites that obtains of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the high resolution transmission electron microscopy of the rothenio-palladium nanodendrites that obtains of embodiment 1(HRTEM) photo (angle);
Fig. 3 is the high resolution transmission electron microscopy of the rothenio-palladium nanodendrites that obtains of embodiment 1(HRTEM) photo (another angle);
Fig. 4 is the scanning transmission electron microscope power spectrum of the rothenio-palladium nanodendrites that obtains of embodiment 1(STEM-EDX) distribution map.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is notBe confined to following examples.
Embodiment 1
First 9mg palladium acetylacetonate and 20mg trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer are dissolved in to 3mL oleyl amineIn (concentration of palladium acetylacetonate is 0.01mol/L, and the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is 0.02Mol/L). Meanwhile, by 300mg softex kw and 300mg tri-n-octyl oxygen phosphorusJoin that in 5ml oleyl amine, (softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, three n-octylsOxygen phosphorus concentration is 0.15mol/L). Then by softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorusBe positioned in heater with the 5mL mixed solution of oleyl amine, in stirring, be heated to 200 ° of C,The 3mL mixed solution of palladium acetylacetonate, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amine is injected with liquid-transfering gunIn the 5mL mixed solution of softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine, anti-Answer after 2 hours and stop heating, the reacted solution that takes a morsel carries out centrifugal, preparation TEM sample,Be sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites by its pattern of transmission electron microscope observing, test result is as Fig. 1 instituteShow, wherein in Fig. 1, a part is transmission electron microscope under 54000 multiplying powers (TEM) picture, and b part isScanning transmission electron microscope under 54000 multiplying powers (STEM) picture is rhodium palladium by its pattern of electron microscopic observationAlloy nano dendrite; Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are the high resolution transmission electron microscopy of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites(HRTEM) photo; In Fig. 4, a part is the energy of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites under 72000 multiplying powersSpectrum distribution map; In Fig. 4, b part is the spectral distribution of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites under 180000 multiplying powersFigure.
TEM and STEM photo by Fig. 1 can find out that the rhodium palladium nano-crystal of preparation is by reunitingSea urchin shape nanodendrites structure; The high-resolution-ration transmission electric-lens photo of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 can be found out nanometerDendrite has mono-crystalline structures, and its to expose crystal face part be high miller index surface (311), have more defectAnd ledge structure; In the power spectrum distribution diagram of element of Fig. 4, rhodium element and palladium element are distributed in uniformlyWhole nanodendrites, has confirmed the alloy structure of nanodendrites.
Embodiment 2
First 3mg palladium acetylacetonate and 30mg trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer are dissolved in to 3mL oleyl amineIn (concentration of palladium acetylacetonate is 0.0033mol/L, and the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is 0.03Mol/L). 300mg softex kw and 300mg trioctylphosphine are added simultaneouslyEnter that (softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, three n-octyl oxygen in 5ml oleyl aminePhosphorus concentration is 0.15mol/L). Then by softex kw and trioctylphosphine and oilThe 5mL mixed solution of amine is positioned in heater, is heated to 200 ° of C, with moving in stirringLiquid rifle is injected into ten by the 3mL mixed solution of palladium acetylacetonate, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amineIn the 5mL mixed solution of six alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromides, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine, reaction 2After hour, stop heating, the reacted solution that takes a morsel carries out centrifugal, and preparation TEM sample, passes throughIts pattern of transmission electron microscope observing is sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, its test result and embodiment 1Similar.
Embodiment 3
First 5mg palladium acetylacetonate and 27mg trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer are dissolved in to 3mL oleyl amineIn (concentration of palladium acetylacetonate is 0.0055mol/L, and the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is 0.027Mol/L). Meanwhile, by 300mg softex kw and 300mg tri-n-octyl oxygen phosphorusJoin that in 5ml oleyl amine, (softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, three n-octylsOxygen phosphorus concentration is 0.15mol/L). Then by softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus andThe 5mL mixed solution of oleyl amine is positioned in heater, in stirring, is heated to 200 ° of C, usesLiquid-transfering gun is injected into the 3mL mixed solution of palladium acetylacetonate, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amineIn the 5mL mixed solution of softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine, reactionAfter 2 hours, stop heating, the reacted solution that takes a morsel carries out centrifugal, and preparation TEM sample is logicalCrossing its pattern of transmission electron microscope observing is sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, its test result and embodiment1 is similar.
Embodiment 4
First 15mg palladium acetylacetonate and 10mg trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer are dissolved in to 3mL oilIn amine, (concentration of palladium acetylacetonate is 0.016mol/L, and the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is 0.01Mol/L). Meanwhile, by 300mg softex kw and 300mg tri-n-octyl oxygen phosphorusJoin that in 5ml oleyl amine, (softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, three n-octylsOxygen phosphorus concentration is 0.15mol/L). Then by softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus andThe 5mL mixed solution of oleyl amine is positioned in heater, in stirring, is heated to 200 ° of C, usesLiquid-transfering gun is injected into the 3mL mixed solution of palladium acetylacetonate, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amineIn the 5mL mixed solution of softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine, reactionAfter 2 hours, stop heating, the reacted solution that takes a morsel carries out centrifugal, and preparation TEM sample is logicalCrossing its pattern of transmission electron microscope observing is sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, its test result and embodiment1 is similar.
Embodiment 5
First 18mg palladium acetylacetonate and 4mg trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer are dissolved in to 3mL oleyl amineIn (concentration of palladium acetylacetonate is 0.02mol/L, and the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is 0.004Mol/L). Meanwhile, by 300mg softex kw and 300mg tri-n-octyl oxygen phosphorusJoin that in 5ml oleyl amine, (softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, three n-octylsOxygen phosphorus concentration is 0.15mol/L). Then by softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorusBe positioned in heater with the 5mL mixed solution of oleyl amine, in stirring, be heated to 200 ° of C,The 3mL mixed solution of palladium acetylacetonate, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amine is injected with liquid-transfering gunIn the 5mL mixed solution of softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine, anti-Answer after 2 hours and stop heating, the reacted solution that takes a morsel carries out centrifugal, preparation TEM sample,Be sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites by its pattern of transmission electron microscope observing, its test result and enforcementExample 1 is similar.
Embodiment 6
First 9mg palladium acetylacetonate and 20mg trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer are dissolved in to 3mL oleyl amineIn (concentration of palladium acetylacetonate is 0.01mol/L, and the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is 0.02Mol/L). Meanwhile, by 300mg softex kw and 600mg tri-n-octyl oxygen phosphorusJoin that in 5ml oleyl amine, (softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, three n-octylsOxygen phosphorus concentration is 0.3mol/L). Then the 5mL of softex kw and oleyl amine is mixedClose solution and be positioned in heater, stir in be heated to 220 ° of C, with liquid-transfering gun by levulinicThe 3mL mixed solution of ketone palladium, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amine is injected into cetyl trimethylIn the 5mL mixed solution of ammonium bromide and oleyl amine, react after 1 hour and stop heating, reaction takes a morselAfter solution carry out centrifugally, preparation TEM sample, is sea urchin shape by its pattern of transmission electron microscope observingRothenio-palladium nanodendrites, its test result is similar to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
First 4.5mg palladium acetylacetonate and 10mg trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer are dissolved in to 1.5mLIn oleyl amine, (concentration of palladium acetylacetonate is 0.01mol/L, and the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is0.002mol/L). Meanwhile, by just pungent to 150mg softex kw and 150mg tri-Base oxygen phosphorus join in 2.5ml oleyl amine (softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, threeN-octyl oxygen phosphorus concentration is 0.15mol/L). Then by softex kw, three n-octylsThe 2.5mL mixed solution of oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine is positioned in heater, in stirring, is heated to 200° C, mixes molten by the 1.5mL of palladium acetylacetonate, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amine with liquid-transfering gunThe 2.5mL that liquid is injected into softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine mixes moltenIn liquid, react after 2 hours and stop heating, the reacted solution that takes a morsel carries out centrifugal, preparation TEMSample, is sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites by its pattern of transmission electron microscope observing, its test resultSimilar to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
First 7mg acid chloride and 12mg acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione rhodium are dissolved in to (acid chloride in 3mL oleyl amineConcentration be 0.01mol/L, the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is 0.012mol/L). Meanwhile, will300mg softex kw and 300mg tri-n-octyl oxygen phosphorus join in 5ml oleyl amine(softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, and three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus concentrations are 0.15Mol/L). Then the 5mL of softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine is mixedClose solution and be positioned in heater, stir in be heated to 200 ° of C, with liquid-transfering gun by levulinicThe 3mL mixed solution of ketone palladium, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amine is injected into cetyl trimethylIn the 5mL mixed solution of ammonium bromide, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine, react and stop adding after 2 hoursHeat, the reacted solution that takes a morsel carries out centrifugal, and preparation TEM sample, passes through transmission electron microscope observingIts pattern is sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, and its test result is similar to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
First 18mg palladium acetylacetonate and 40mg trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer are dissolved in to 6mL oilIn amine, (concentration of palladium acetylacetonate is 0.01mol/L, and the dimeric concentration of trifluoracetic acid rhodium is 0.02Mol/L). 600mg softex kw and 600mg tri-n-octyl oxygen phosphorus are added simultaneouslyEnter that (softex kw concentration is 0.15mol/L, three n-octyl oxygen in 10ml oleyl aminePhosphorus concentration is 0.15mol/L). Then by softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus andThe 10mL mixed solution of oleyl amine is positioned in heater, in stirring, is heated to 200 ° of C, usesLiquid-transfering gun is injected into the 6mL mixed solution of palladium acetylacetonate, trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer and oleyl amineIn the 10mL mixed solution of softex kw, three n-octyl oxygen phosphorus and oleyl amine, reactionAfter 2 hours, stop heating, the reacted solution that takes a morsel carries out centrifugal, and preparation TEM sample is logicalCrossing its pattern of transmission electron microscope observing is sea urchin shape rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, its test result and embodiment1 is similar.

Claims (3)

1. a preparation method for rothenio-palladium nanodendrites, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) palladium salt, rhodium salt are dissolved in oleyl amine to obtain to the first solution; By cetyl trimethyl bromineChange ammonium and trioctylphosphine and be dissolved in oleyl amine to obtain the second solution;
In the first solution, the concentration of palladium salt is 0.002~0.02mol/L, the mol ratio of palladium salt and rhodium saltFor 9:1~1:9;
In the second solution, the molar concentration of softex kw and trioctylphosphine respectivelyBe 0.01~0.2mol/L and 0.03~0.5mol/L; The volume ratio of the first solution and the second solution is1:3~1:1;
Described palladium salt is palladium acetylacetonate or acid chloride; Rhodium salt is trifluoracetic acid rhodium dimer or levulinicKetone rhodium;
(2) when the second solution stirring, be heated to 140-220 DEG C, molten by first with liquid-transfering gunLiquid injects above-mentioned the second solution, reacts 1-24 hour at 140-220 DEG C;
(3) product centrifugation step (2) being obtained, obtains rothenio-palladium nanodendrites.
2. the preparation method of rothenio-palladium nanodendrites according to claim 1, its feature existsIn, in step (1), the concentration of palladium salt is 0.005~0.01mol/L.
3. the rothenio-palladium nanodendrites preparing according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2.
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