CN103394642A - Casting method of automobile engine piston - Google Patents
Casting method of automobile engine piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN103394642A CN103394642A CN2013103102623A CN201310310262A CN103394642A CN 103394642 A CN103394642 A CN 103394642A CN 2013103102623 A CN2013103102623 A CN 2013103102623A CN 201310310262 A CN201310310262 A CN 201310310262A CN 103394642 A CN103394642 A CN 103394642A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a casting method of an automobile engine piston. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a liquid paint from ceramic wear-resistant granules instead of refractory materials and a binding agent, coating the paint on a die set surface to prepare a molding die, melting out the melting die, injecting an alloy liquid, forming a casting as the injected alloy liquid becomes cool and solidified, introducing the ceramic wear-resistant granules into the casting surface, and carrying out heat treatment to increase a ceramic hardened layer on the casting surface to enhance the surface hardness of the casting. By adopting the casting method provided by the invention, the casting is integrally formed, has the advantages of bright and clean surface and accurate dimension, and can achieve the goal of less cutting or no cutting; the surface has the ceramic hardened layer, and thus, the hardness is greatly enhanced; and therefore, the method provided by the invention is especially suitable for preparing engine pistons and other alloy castings in need of higher surface hardness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of casting method, specifically, relate to a kind of casting method of piston of automobile engine.
Background technology
Casting is one of main method of manufactured parts blank, preparation method quite efficiently, especially for the part of some brittle metal or alloy material, the processing method that foundry engieering is commonly used especially, its forming principle is:, with the METAL HEATING PROCESS fusing, make it have mobility, then be poured in the casting mold die cavity with definite shape, be full of die cavity under the effect of gravity or external force, cooling and be frozen into foundry goods or part.
Traditional casting technique generally comprises following steps: a, according to the shape of product, make the apperance that molding and core making is used; B, apperance is put into sandbox, carry out mould assembling after back-up sand, consolidation, molding; C, the liquid metal after melting are poured in die cavity in sandbox; D, peeling foundry goods.
At present, traditional casting technique all needs a large amount of manpowers when the preparation of molding sand, in the manufacturing process of sand mold and in the peeling foundry goods in later stage, labour intensity is larger, has wasted the human resources of a large amount of preciousnesses, casting simultaneously each product needs to repeat above-mentioned operation, and production efficiency is low.
Based on above-mentioned defect, the present invention is directed to the characteristics of engine piston, a kind of casting method of improved piston of automobile engine is provided.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of casting method that can be used for piston of automobile engine.
Casting method of the present invention is improved investment casting method, and model casting claims again " lost-wax casting ".This method is that easy fusible pattern material is injected die mould (mould), makes fusible pattern, and it is assembled into module, then on the module surface, is coated with the liquid coating that application refractory material and binding agent are made into, then spreads fire-resistant sand grains on coating, makes it subsequently to harden into shell.So repeated multiple times, just form the multilayer shell.With the shell heating, the fusible pattern fusing is flowed out, housing after roasting,, toward wherein pouring into liquid alloy, solidifies by operations such as cleanings and namely obtains foundry goods.
Based on the requirement to engine piston, i.e. good core toughness, torsional fatigue strength is high, case hardness is high, and wearability is good, the present invention with the ceramic wear-resisting particle as refractory material, the liquid coating that is made into binding agent is coated in the module surface, make pattern, inject alloy liquid, along with the cooled and solidified formation foundry goods of the alloy liquid that injects, the ceramic wear-resisting particle is introduced cast(ing) surface, then heat treatment, make cast(ing) surface increase one deck pottery hardened layer, improves the case hardness of foundry goods.
Specifically, invent described casting method, comprise the following steps:
1) preformed fusible model is immersed in the slurry of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder formation, form coating on described model, drying;
2) slurry that forms to sprayable refractory particle on the described coating of step 1) or applying of refractory material particle and colloid liquid-containing binder, drying;
3) molten fusible pattern, the Baking of losing;
4) alloyage material, alloy material melting, cast;
5) cleaning: comprise shelling, remove the processing steps such as dead head, cleaning, check, soldering;
6) heat treating castings.
Alloy material melting, cast; Fusion temperature: 1580-1620 ℃, pouring temperature is 1530-1560 ℃;
The heat treatment of step 6) medium casting can followingly be carried out: 860 ℃-900 ℃ insulations oil quenching after 1-3 hour, 500 ℃-600 ℃ insulations are cooling with stove after 1-3 hour.
Adopt model casting, the foundry goods once-forming, any surface finish, size are accurate, can reach few cutting or without the cutting purpose, and surface has ceramic hardened layer, and hardness improves greatly, and being particularly suitable for preparing engine piston etc. needs the alloy-steel casting of high surfaces hardness.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Specialize as nothing, the present invention's raw material used is commercial.
Embodiment 1
According to following steps, cast engine piston sample:
1) preformed fusible model is immersed in the slurry of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder formation, form coating whereby on described model, spray-drying; Described ceramic particle can be carborundum, silicon nitride or tungsten carbide, and the size of particle is 20-50 μ m; Described colloid liquid-containing binder is polyacrylamide; In the slurry that ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder form, the weight ratio of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder is 1:0.1;
Wherein, step 1) repeats 3 times;
2) slurry that forms to applying of refractory material particle on the described coating of step 1) and colloid liquid-containing binder, spray-drying; Wherein, described refractory material is silica; The weight ratio that described fire resisting material particle and gelling form material is 100:5;
Wherein, step 2) repeat 2 times;
3) 1 hour molten fusible pattern, Baking of losing of 200 ℃ of insulations;
4) alloyage material, chemical composition is in Table 1, and alloy material utilizes vacuum induction melting, fusion temperature: 1580 ℃, pouring temperature is 1530 ℃;
Table 1 chemical component table
5) cleaning: comprise shelling, remove the processing steps such as dead head, cleaning, check, soldering;
6) heat treating castings: 860 ℃ of insulations oil quenching after 1 hour, 500 ℃ of insulations are cooling with stove after 1 hour.
Embodiment 2
According to following steps, cast engine piston sample:
1) preformed fusible model is immersed in the slurry of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder formation, form coating whereby on described model, spray-drying; Described ceramic particle is the mixture of silicon nitride and tungsten carbide (weight ratio 10:1), and the size of particle is 100-200 μ m; Described colloid liquid-containing binder is polyacrylate; In the slurry that ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder form, the weight ratio of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder is 1:10;
Wherein, step 1) repeats 5 times;
2) slurry that forms to applying of refractory material particle on the described coating of step 1) and colloid liquid-containing binder, spray-drying; Wherein, described refractory material is magnesia; The weight ratio that described fire resisting material particle and gelling form material is 100:10;
Wherein, step 2) repeat 3 times;
3) 1 hour molten fusible pattern, Baking of losing of 400 ℃ of insulations;
4) alloyage material, chemical composition is in Table 1, and alloy material utilizes vacuum induction melting, fusion temperature: 1620 ℃, pouring temperature is 1560 ℃;
5) cleaning: comprise shelling, remove the processing steps such as dead head, cleaning, check, soldering;
6) heat treating castings.The heat treatment of step 6) medium casting can followingly be carried out: 900 ℃ of insulations oil quenching after 3 hours, 600 ℃ of insulations are cooling with stove after 3 hours.
Embodiment 3
According to following steps, cast engine piston sample:
1) preformed fusible model is immersed in the slurry of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder formation, form coating whereby on described model, spray-drying; Described ceramic particle is tungsten carbide, and the size of particle is 50-100 μ m; Described colloid liquid-containing binder is the mixture of polyacrylamide and polyacrylate; In the slurry that ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder form, the weight ratio of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder is 1:0.5;
Wherein, step 1) repeats 3 times;
2) slurry that forms to applying of refractory material particle on the described coating of step 1) and colloid liquid-containing binder, spray-drying; Wherein, described refractory material is aluminium oxide; The weight ratio that described fire resisting material particle and gelling form material is 100:1;
Wherein, step 2) repeat 2 times;
3) 2 hours molten fusible pattern, Bakings of losing of 300 ℃ of insulations;
4) alloyage material, chemical composition is in Table 1, and alloy material utilizes vacuum induction melting, fusion temperature: 1600 ℃, pouring temperature is 1550 ℃;
5) cleaning: comprise shelling, remove the processing steps such as dead head, cleaning, check, soldering;
6) heat treating castings: 880 ℃ of insulations oil quenching after 2 hours, 550 ℃ of insulations are cooling with stove after 1 hour.
Embodiment 4
According to following steps, cast engine piston sample:
1) preformed fusible model is immersed in the slurry of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder formation, form coating whereby on described model, spray-drying; Described ceramic particle is carborundum, and the size of particle is 40-80 μ m; Described colloid liquid-containing binder is polyacrylamide; In the slurry that ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder form, the weight ratio of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder is 1:0.3;
Wherein, step 1) repeats 3 times;
2) to sprayable refractory particle on the described coating of step 1); Wherein, described refractory material is the mixture of silica and aluminium oxide;
3) 2 hours molten fusible pattern, Bakings of losing of 280 ℃ of insulations;
4) alloyage material, chemical composition is in Table 1, and alloy material utilizes vacuum induction melting, fusion temperature: 1620 ℃, pouring temperature is 1530 ℃;
5) cleaning: comprise shelling, remove the processing steps such as dead head, cleaning, check, soldering;
6) heat treating castings: 900 ℃ of insulations oil quenching after 1 hour, 500 ℃ of insulations are cooling with stove after 1.5 hours.
Engine piston to embodiment 1-4 preparation is taken a sample along diametric(al), and sample carries out the torsional fatigue strength test, and employings torque capacity is that (=500kgf.m) reverse torsion machine, alternation ground change stress condition and carrying out, reaching 1 * 10 for 4900Nm
5Stress during inferior life-span is tried to achieve as fatigue strength.
In addition,, to the sample made from the same terms, adopt thickness and the hardness of light microscope determining hardened layer.The results are shown in Table 2:
The test result of table 2 sample
The present invention adopts investment casting method, the foundry goods once-forming, and any surface finish, size are accurate, can reach few cutting or without the cutting purpose, and surface has ceramic hardened layer, and hardness improves greatly, and being particularly suitable for preparing engine piston etc. needs the alloy-steel casting of high surfaces hardness.
Claims (1)
1. the casting method of a piston of automobile engine, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) preformed fusible model is immersed in the slurry of ceramic particle and colloid liquid-containing binder formation, form coating whereby on described model, drying;
2) slurry that forms to sprayable refractory particle on the described coating of step 1) or applying of refractory material particle and colloid liquid-containing binder, drying;
3) molten fusible pattern, the Baking of losing;
4) alloyage material, alloy material melting, cast;
5) cleaning: comprise shelling, remove the processing steps such as dead head, cleaning, check, soldering;
6) heat treating castings;
The heat treatment of step 6) medium casting is following to be carried out: 860 ℃-900 ℃ insulations oil quenching after 1-3 hour, 500 ℃-600 ℃ insulations are cooling with stove after 1-3 hour.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013103102623A CN103394642A (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2013-07-19 | Casting method of automobile engine piston |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013103102623A CN103394642A (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2013-07-19 | Casting method of automobile engine piston |
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| CN103394642A true CN103394642A (en) | 2013-11-20 |
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| CN2013103102623A Withdrawn CN103394642A (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2013-07-19 | Casting method of automobile engine piston |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11207434A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-08-03 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Lost foam pattern for piston |
| CN1913991A (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2007-02-14 | 伯明翰大学 | Improved investment casting process |
| WO2007054299A1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-18 | Ks-Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | One-part steel piston as a precision-casting variant with a core for the precision-casting production of a cooling channel |
| CN102430743A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-05-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing surface-layer composite by using cast-infiltration method |
| CN102451889A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-05-16 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Sand casting a diesel piston with an as-cast, reentrant combustion bowl |
| CN102861873A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-09 | 宁波吉威熔模铸造有限公司 | Casting method of gear |
-
2013
- 2013-07-19 CN CN2013103102623A patent/CN103394642A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11207434A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-08-03 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Lost foam pattern for piston |
| CN1913991A (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2007-02-14 | 伯明翰大学 | Improved investment casting process |
| WO2007054299A1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-18 | Ks-Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | One-part steel piston as a precision-casting variant with a core for the precision-casting production of a cooling channel |
| CN102451889A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-05-16 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Sand casting a diesel piston with an as-cast, reentrant combustion bowl |
| CN102430743A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-05-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing surface-layer composite by using cast-infiltration method |
| CN102861873A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-09 | 宁波吉威熔模铸造有限公司 | Casting method of gear |
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Application publication date: 20131120 |