CN103394532A - Continuous hot-drawing forming method for nickel-titanium alloy pipe - Google Patents
Continuous hot-drawing forming method for nickel-titanium alloy pipe Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous hot-drawing forming method for a nickel-titanium alloy pipe. The continuous hot-drawing forming method comprises the following steps: 1, inserting a core rod into a nickel-titanium alloy pipe blank to obtain a combined body; 2, drawing the combined body by adopting a continuous hot-drawing forming device; 3, repeating the step 2; 4, heating the drawn combined body, then plastically stretching the core rod in the combined body to reduce the diameter of the core rod, and finally taking out the diameter-reduced core rod to obtain the nickel-titanium alloy pipe. According to the method, due to induction heating, the heating speed is high; continuous hot-drawing can be realized by continuous heating, so that the production efficiency is improved; furthermore, a work hardening state on the surface of the pipe can be effectively reduced in a heat treatment stage by virtue of a skin effect of current; the subsequent plastic processing of materials is facilitated. A graphite pipe is adopted as the continuous hot-drawing forming device used in the method, and can preserve the heat of the materials and realize a lubricating function; therefore, the phenomenon that the surface of the pipe is scratched during the axial stretching motion in a furnace pipe can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the nickel-titanium alloy processing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method.
Background technology
The Nitinol capillary has been widely used in fields such as Aero-Space, medical treatment and civilian industries.Nickel-titanium alloy is a kind of unmanageable section bar.1963, USN's ordnance research department found SME and the superelastic properties of Nitinol.After this, the plastic forming problem of Nitinol is just the conventional tubing of focus and difficult point, especially Nitinol of various countries' plastic working area research and the process technology problem of Special Pipe always.Nickel-titanium alloy in the miniature weapons such as aerospace vehicle liquid line joint, bio-medical conduit and intravascular stent, satellite spatial truss joint sleeve, minitype spacecraft, insect robot and equipment, do be connected, there is important application the aspect such as fastening, driving element.At present, domestic only can the larger nickel-titanium alloy of production dimensions, and dimensional tolerance can not effectively control, and uses and is subject to certain limitation, Nitinol capillary market is in blank substantially, mainly relies on import, but the import channel is smooth and expense is high.At home, the processing method of nickel-titanium alloy mainly adopt multi-pass cold rolling add in the middle of vacuum annealing, process efficiency is low, cost is high and yield rate is very low.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of time and labour saving, production efficiency is higher and cost is lower, Continuous Heat drawing forming method that can the nickel-titanium alloy that the preparation size precision is high and surface quality is good.The method adopts eddy-current heating, and firing rate is fast, can realize the Continuous Heat drawing by laser heating, has improved production efficiency; In addition, can utilize the kelvin effect of electric current at heat treatment stages, effectively to reduce the work-hardened condition of tube surfaces, be conducive to the follow-up plastic working of material.The method Continuous Heat drawing shaped device used adopts graphite-pipe, not only can play the effect to the material insulation, and have lubrication, can effectively avoid tubing surface tear during the axial tension motion in boiler tube.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, it is characterized in that, and the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, plug is inserted in the Nitinol pipe, obtain assembly; The length of described plug is greater than the length of pipe;
Step 3, to the assembly repeating step after drawing in step 2 more than 2 10 times;
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, the roughness Ra of the internal surface of bloom of Nitinol described in step 1<3.2, the roughness Ra on mandrel outer surface<3.2, the external diameter of pipe and the diameter ratio of plug are 1.4~3.0.
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, the material of the pipe of Nitinol described in step 1 is Ni-50.8Ti or Ni-44Ti, the material of plug is the 316L stainless steel.
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, mandrel surface described in step 1 is electroplate with the copper lubricant coating that thickness is 2 μ m~10 μ m.
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, the SMIS of assembly described in step 1 club head exposes pipe 100mm~300mm, and the plug afterbody exposes pipe 200mm~500mm.
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, induction coil described in step 2 is the copper pipe of hollow, the two ends mouth of pipe of induction coil is connected with water inlet and the delivery port of cooling circulating water machine for cooling induction coil respectively; The winding position of described induction coil is corresponding with the position of graphite-pipe; The frequency of described high-frequency induction heating power is 50KHz~100KHz; The wall thickness of described quartz ampoule is 3mm~5mm, and the wall thickness of graphite-pipe is 4mm~8mm; The quantity of described temperature tube is two, and one of them is positioned at isometrical section end, and another is positioned at isometrical section middle part; On the left and right two ends tube wall of described graphite-pipe, be provided with two inclined holes, an end of inclined hole is positioned at the end face of graphite-pipe, and the other end is positioned on the tube wall of graphite-pipe and is connected with cavity; Square quadratic sum greater than two ends, graphite-pipe left and right spout diameter of described the first gas pipeline internal diameter, the quadratic sum of the internal diameter of described the first gas pipeline and the second gas pipeline is greater than the quadratic sum of the internal diameter in inlet tube porch and outlet exit; Described inlet tube and outlet are Concentric Reducers, and the porch internal diameter of described inlet tube is less than the spout diameter of inlet tube and divergent segment joint, and the exit internal diameter of described outlet is less than the spout diameter of outlet and converging transition joint.
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, the drawing of Continuous Heat described in step 2 shaped device also comprise be used to the support that supports quartz ampoule and the discharging frame that is arranged at the inlet tube place of quartz ampoule.
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, the speed of service of assembly described in step 2 for control the Nitinol pipe from the time that graphite-pipe one end arrives the graphite-pipe other end be 10s~30s.
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, after in step 2, opening drawbench, adopt fire-resistant clamp to live assembly assembly sent in drawing mould.
Above-mentioned a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, the deflection of drawing described in step 2 is not more than 15%.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, method of the present invention time and labour saving, production efficiency is higher and cost is lower.
2, adopt the nickel-titanium alloy that method of the present invention can the preparation size precision be high and surface quality is good.
3, the present invention adopts eddy-current heating, and firing rate is fast, can realize the Continuous Heat drawing by laser heating, has improved production efficiency; In addition, can utilize the kelvin effect of electric current at heat treatment stages, effectively to reduce the work-hardened condition of tube surfaces, be conducive to the follow-up plastic working of material.
4, Continuous Heat drawing shaped device of the present invention adopts graphite-pipe, not only can play the effect to the material insulation, and have lubrication, can effectively avoid tubing surface tear during the axial tension motion in boiler tube.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of Continuous Heat drawing shaped device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of Continuous Heat drawing shaped device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-quartz ampoule; 1-1-inlet tube; 1-2-divergent segment;
1-3-isometrical section; 1-4-converging transition; 1-5-outlet;
2-induction coil; 3-graphite-pipe; 4-cavity;
The 5-the first gas pipeline; The 6-the second gas pipeline; 7-temperature tube;
8-high-frequency induction heating power; 9-cooling circulating water machine; 10-inclined hole;
11-assembly; 12-drawbench; 13-support;
14-discharging frame.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present embodiment Continuous Heat drawing shaped device used comprises quartz ampoule 1, is arranged at the graphite-pipe 3 in quartz ampoule 1, and is wound in the outer induction coil 2 of quartz ampoule 1, and the high-frequency induction heating power 8 that is used to induction coil 2 power supplies; Described quartz ampoule 1 comprises inlet tube 1-1, and the isometrical section 1-3 that is connected with inlet tube 1-1 by divergent segment 1-2, with the outlet 1-5 that is connected with isometrical section 1-3 by converging transition 1-4; The right-hand member inwall laminating of the left end of described graphite-pipe 3 and inlet tube 1-1, the left end inwall laminating of the right-hand member of graphite-pipe 3 and outlet 1-5; Between the divergent segment 1-2 of described graphite-pipe 3 and quartz ampoule 1, isometrical section 1-3 and converging transition 1-4, form cavity 4; On described graphite-pipe 3, be provided with that an end communicates with graphite-pipe 3 that the other end passes isometrical section 1-3 tube wall and in graphite-pipe 3, passing into the first gas pipeline 5 of protective gas; On isometrical section 1-3 of described quartz ampoule 1, be provided with in cavity 4, passing into the second gas pipeline 6 of protective gas; On isometrical section 1-3 of described quartz ampoule 1, be provided be used to measuring the temperature tube 7 of graphite-pipe 3 outside wall temperatures; The outlet 1-5 place of described quartz ampoule 1 is provided with drawbench 12.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, described induction coil 2 is the copper pipe of hollow, and the two ends mouth of pipe of induction coil 2 is connected with water inlet and the delivery port of cooling circulating water machine 9 for cooling induction coil 2 respectively; The winding position of described induction coil 2 is corresponding with the position of graphite-pipe 3; The frequency of described high-frequency induction heating power 8 is 50KHz~100KHz; The wall thickness of described quartz ampoule 1 is the preferred 3mm of 3mm~5mm(, 4mm, 5mm), the wall thickness of graphite-pipe 3 is the preferred 4mm of 4mm~8mm(, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm); The quantity of described temperature tube 7 is two, and one of them is positioned at isometrical section 1-3 end, and another is positioned at isometrical section 1-3 middle part, is convenient to monitor the axial uniform temperature of graphite-pipe 3; On the left and right two ends tube wall of described graphite-pipe 3, be provided with two inclined holes 10, an end of inclined hole 10 is positioned at the end face of graphite-pipe 3, and the other end is positioned on the tube wall of graphite-pipe 3 and is connected with cavity 4, is convenient to the air in quick emptying quartz ampoule 1; Square quadratic sum greater than graphite-pipe 3 two ends, left and right spout diameters of described the first gas pipeline 5 internal diameters, the quadratic sum of the internal diameter of described the first gas pipeline 5 and the second gas pipeline 6 is greater than the quadratic sum of the internal diameter in inlet tube 1-1 porch and outlet 1-5 exit, thereby guarantee that structurally the gas flow that passes into from the first gas pipeline 5 and the second gas pipeline 6 is greater than the gas flow of discharging from inlet tube 1-1 and outlet 1-5, and then guarantee quartz ampoule 1 and graphite-pipe 3 is interior is in protective atmosphere fully; Described inlet tube 1-1 and outlet 1-5 are Concentric Reducers, the porch internal diameter of described inlet tube 1-1 is less than the spout diameter of inlet tube 1-1 and divergent segment 1-2 joint, and the exit internal diameter of described outlet 1-5 is less than the spout diameter of outlet 1-5 and converging transition 1-4 joint.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, described Continuous Heat drawing shaped device also comprises be used to the support 13 that supports quartz ampoule 1 and the discharging frame 14 that is arranged at the inlet tube 1-1 place of quartz ampoule 1.
The Continuous Heat drawing forming method of the present embodiment is:
Step 1, the 316L stainless steel plug of Φ 7.5mm is inserted to external diameter 10.5mm, in the Ni-44Ti alloy pipe stock of internal diameter 8.5mm, obtain assembly 11; Described assembly SMIS club head exposes pipe 200mm, and the plug afterbody exposes pipe 400mm; The roughness Ra of described Ni-44Ti alloy pipe stock inner surface<3.2, the roughness Ra on mandrel outer surface<3.2; Described mandrel surface is electroplate with the copper lubricant coating that thickness is 5 μ m;
Step 3, to the assembly repeating step after drawing in step 22 19 times, the drawing mould specification is followed successively by: Φ 9.6mm, Φ 9.3mm, Φ 9.0mm, Φ 8.6mm, Φ 8.2mm, Φ 7.8mm, Φ 7.4mm, Φ 7.0mm, Φ 6.6mm, Φ 6.0mm, Φ 5.8mm, Φ 5.6mm, Φ 5.4mm, Φ 5.2mm, Φ 5.0mm, Φ 4.8mm, Φ 4.7mm, Φ 4.6mm, Φ 4.5mm;
The present embodiment Continuous Heat drawing used shaped device is identical with embodiment 1.
The Continuous Heat drawing forming method of the present embodiment is:
Step 1, the 316L stainless steel plug of Φ 6.5mm is inserted to external diameter 10mm, in the Ni-44Ti alloy pipe stock of internal diameter 7mm, obtain assembly 11; Described assembly SMIS club head exposes pipe 300mm, and the plug afterbody exposes pipe 500mm; The roughness Ra of described Ni-44Ti alloy pipe stock inner surface<3.2, the roughness Ra on mandrel outer surface<3.2; Described mandrel surface is electroplate with the copper lubricant coating that thickness is 10 μ m;
Step 3, to the assembly repeating step after drawing in step 22 25 times, the drawing mould specification is followed successively by: Φ 9.6mm, Φ 9.3mm, Φ 9.0mm, Φ 8.6mm, Φ 8.2mm, Φ 7.8mm, Φ 7.4mm, Φ 7.0mm, Φ 6.6mm, Φ 6.0mm, Φ 5.6mm, Φ 5.2mm, Φ 5.0mm, Φ 4.8mm, Φ 4.7mm, Φ 4.6mm, Φ 4.5mm, Φ 4.4mm, Φ 4.3mm, Φ 4.2mm, Φ 4.1mm, Φ 4.0mm, Φ 3.9mm, Φ 3.8mm, Φ 3.7mm;
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment Continuous Heat drawing used shaped device is identical with embodiment 1.
The Continuous Heat drawing forming method of the present embodiment is:
Step 1, the 316L stainless steel plug of Φ 6.5mm is inserted to external diameter 10mm, in the Ni-50.8Ti alloy pipe stock of internal diameter 7mm, obtain assembly 11; Described assembly SMIS club head exposes pipe 100mm, and the plug afterbody exposes pipe 200mm; The roughness Ra of described Ni-50.8Ti alloy pipe stock inner surface<3.2, the roughness Ra on mandrel outer surface<3.2; Described mandrel surface is electroplate with the copper lubricant coating that thickness is 2 μ m;
Step 3, to the assembly repeating step after drawing in step 22 17 times, the drawing mould specification is followed successively by: Φ 9.6mm, Φ 9.3mm, Φ 9.0mm, Φ 8.6mm, Φ 8.2mm, Φ 7.8mm, Φ 7.4mm, Φ 7.0mm, Φ 6.6mm, Φ 6.0mm, Φ 5.6mm, Φ 5.2mm, Φ 5.0mm, Φ 4.8mm, Φ 4.7mm, Φ 4.6mm, Φ 4.5mm;
The present embodiment Continuous Heat drawing used shaped device is identical with embodiment 1.
The Continuous Heat drawing forming method of the present embodiment is:
Step 1, the 316L stainless steel plug of Φ 4mm is inserted to external diameter 12mm, in the Ni-50.8Ti alloy pipe stock of internal diameter 4.5mm, obtain assembly 11; Described assembly SMIS club head exposes pipe 200mm, and the plug afterbody exposes pipe 400mm; The roughness Ra of described Ni-50.8Ti alloy pipe stock inner surface<3.2, the roughness Ra on mandrel outer surface<3.2; Described mandrel surface is electroplate with the copper lubricant coating that thickness is 6 μ m;
Step 3, to the assembly repeating step after drawing in step 22 10 times, the drawing mould specification is followed successively by: Φ 11.0mm, Φ 10.5mm, Φ 10.0mm, Φ 8.5mm, Φ 7.5mm, Φ 6.6mm, Φ 6.0mm, Φ 5.8mm, Φ 5.6mm, Φ 5.5mm;
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is done to any restriction, every any simple modification, change and equivalent structure of above embodiment being done according to the invention technical spirit changes, and all still belongs in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, plug is inserted in the Nitinol pipe, obtain assembly (11); The length of described plug is greater than the length of pipe;
Step 2, employing Continuous Heat drawing shaped device carry out hot pull to assembly described in step 1 (11); Described Continuous Heat drawing shaped device comprises quartz ampoule (1), be arranged at the graphite-pipe (3) in quartz ampoule (1), with the induction coil (2) that is wound in outside quartz ampoule (1), and the high-frequency induction heating power (8) that is used to induction coil (2) power supply; Described quartz ampoule (1) comprises inlet tube (1-1), and isometrical section (1-3) that is connected with inlet tube (1-1) by divergent segment (1-2), with the outlet (1-5) that is connected with isometrical section (1-3) by converging transition (1-4); The right-hand member inwall laminating of the left end of described graphite-pipe (3) and inlet tube (1-1), the left end inwall laminating of the right-hand member of graphite-pipe (3) and outlet (1-5); Between the divergent segment (1-2) of described graphite-pipe (3) and quartz ampoule (1), isometrical section (1-3) and converging transition (1-4), form cavity (4); On described graphite-pipe (3), be provided with that an end communicates with graphite-pipe (3) that the other end passes isometrical section (1-3) tube wall and in graphite-pipe (3), passing into first gas pipeline (5) of protective gas; On isometrical section (1-3) of described quartz ampoule (1), be provided with in cavity (4), passing into second gas pipeline (6) of protective gas; On isometrical section (1-3) of described quartz ampoule (1), be provided be used to measuring the temperature tube (7) of graphite-pipe (3) outside wall temperature; The outlet (1-5) of described quartz ampoule (1) locates to be provided with drawbench (12); The method of described hot pull is: the plug head of assembly (11) is penetrated from inlet tube (1-1), after passing graphite-pipe (3), from outlet (1-5), pass, then pass the drawing mould of drawbench (12) and be held on the fixture of drawbench (12); In quartz ampoule (1) and graphite-pipe (3), pass into protective gas, after the air emptying in quartz ampoule (1) and graphite-pipe (3), open high-frequency induction heating power (8), by induction coil (2), graphite-pipe (3) and assembly (11) are heated, when the outside wall temperature of graphite-pipe (3) reaches 720 ℃~760 ℃, open drawbench (12), the draw trolley drive assembly (11) of drawbench (12) travels at the uniform speed assembly (11) is sent in drawing mould and carried out drawing;
Step 3, to the assembly repeating step after drawing in step 2 more than 2 10 times;
Step 4, the assembly that repeats in step 3 after drawing is heated to 750 ℃~800 ℃, then the plug in the assembly after heating is carried out to plastic elongation and make the plug tube reducing, finally the plug after tube reducing is taken out, obtain nickel-titanium alloy.
2. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the roughness Ra of the internal surface of bloom of Nitinol described in step 1<3.2, the roughness Ra on mandrel outer surface<3.2, the external diameter of pipe and the diameter ratio of plug are 1.4~3.0.
3. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of the pipe of Nitinol described in step 1 is Ni-50.8Ti or Ni-44Ti, and the material of plug is the 316L stainless steel.
4. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, mandrel surface described in step 1 is electroplate with the copper lubricant coating that thickness is 2 μ m~10 μ m.
5. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the SMIS of assembly described in step 1 club head exposes pipe 100mm~300mm, and the plug afterbody exposes pipe 200mm~500mm.
6. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, induction coil described in step 2 (2) is the copper pipe of hollow, and the two ends mouth of pipe of induction coil (2) is connected with water inlet and the delivery port of cooling circulating water machine (9) for cooling induction coil (2) respectively; The winding position of described induction coil (2) is corresponding with the position of graphite-pipe (3); The frequency of described high-frequency induction heating power (8) is 50KHz~100KHz; The wall thickness of described quartz ampoule (1) is 3mm~5mm, and the wall thickness of graphite-pipe (3) is 4mm~8mm; The quantity of described temperature tube (7) is two, and one of them is positioned at isometrical section (1-3) end, and another is positioned at isometrical section (1-3) middle part; On the left and right two ends tube wall of described graphite-pipe (3), be provided with two inclined holes (10), an end of inclined hole (10) is positioned at the end face of graphite-pipe (3), and the other end is positioned on the tube wall of graphite-pipe (3) and is connected with cavity (4); Square quadratic sum greater than graphite-pipe (3) two ends, left and right spout diameter of described the first gas pipeline (5) internal diameter, the quadratic sum of the internal diameter of described the first gas pipeline (5) and the second gas pipeline (6) is greater than the quadratic sum of the internal diameter in inlet tube (1-1) porch and outlet (1-5) exit; Described inlet tube (1-1) and outlet (1-5) are Concentric Reducers, the porch internal diameter of described inlet tube (1-1) is less than the spout diameter of inlet tube (1-1) with divergent segment (1-2) joint, and the exit internal diameter of described outlet (1-5) is less than the spout diameter of outlet (1-5) with converging transition (1-4) joint.
7. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the drawing of Continuous Heat described in step 2 shaped device also comprises the discharging frame (14) of locating be used to the support (13) that supports quartz ampoule (1) and the inlet tube (1-1) that is arranged at quartz ampoule (1).
8. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the speed of service of assembly described in step 2 (11) for control the Nitinol pipe from the time that graphite-pipe (3) one ends arrive graphite-pipe (3) other ends be 10s~30s.
9. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after in step 2, opening drawbench (12), adopts fire-resistant clamp to live assembly (11) assembly (11) is sent in drawing mould.
10. a kind of nickel-titanium alloy Continuous Heat drawing forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the deflection of drawing described in step 2 is not more than 15%.
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CN110814066A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-02-21 | 西安赛特思迈钛业有限公司 | Titanium alloy wire rod continuous type hot drawing system of processing |
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CN112044966A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-08 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of nickel-rich nickel-titanium intermetallic compound wire |
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CN104202902A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-10 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-capillary hydrogen atom generation device based on heating |
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CN110935802A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-03-31 | 上海交通大学 | Device for dieless hot forming or heat treatment of metal pipes |
CN110935802B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-01-05 | 上海交通大学 | Device for dieless hot forming or heat treatment of metal pipes |
CN110814066A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-02-21 | 西安赛特思迈钛业有限公司 | Titanium alloy wire rod continuous type hot drawing system of processing |
CN112044966A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-08 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of nickel-rich nickel-titanium intermetallic compound wire |
CN112044966B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of nickel-rich nickel-titanium intermetallic compound wire |
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