CN103388453B - Control two rotating speed method and the device of reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation - Google Patents
Control two rotating speed method and the device of reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of two rotating speed method and the device that control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation, described method comprises: measure in real time the pressure of the drill value of neck eye drill string, obtain the pressure of the drill measured value of neck eye drill string; Relatively the pressure of the drill measured value and default the pressure of the drill threshold limit value of leading eye drill string; If the pressure of the drill measured value exceeds the threshold limit value of setting, then by distributing the rotating speed of the mud flow rate adjustment pilot bit flowing through fluid motor, change the pressure of the drill relations of distribution.Described device comprises drill-following reamer, fluid motor and neck eye drill string.Measure and control device is provided with in neck eye drill string, measure and control device comprises electromagnetic valve and measurement and control unit, measurement and control unit is sealed in the cylinder of described observing and controlling pipe nipple, and be connected with electrically-controlled valve, for the pressure of the drill that Real-Time Monitoring neck eye drill string is born, and control the aperture of electrically-controlled valve according to surveyed the pressure of the drill and the comparison of setting the pressure of the drill threshold limit value.The present invention, in order to realize the reasonable distribution of the pressure of the drill between reamer and pilot bit, ensures the safety and stablization of reaming hole process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the special downhole tool of one of oil and gas well drilling, in particular to a kind of two rotating speed method and the device that control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation, for controlling the relations of distribution of the pressure of the drill between drill-following reamer and pilot bit that in reaming while drilling process, ground applies.
Background technology
In recent years, the reaming while drilling technology in oil/gas drilling field is applied to passing through expansive stratum, optimizing casing program, improves the aspects such as cementing quality, changes the indispensable measure of active applications into gradually from traditional acute measure of answering.In Special complex region, reaming hole technology merges mutually with other drilling technology, define the new technology of the bright characteristics such as casing drilling, the drilling well of guiding reaming hole, single diameter drilling well, and the design and use of hole reaming tool is also subject to paying attention to more and more widely.
In reaming while drilling process, be cascaded as pilot bit and the drill-following reamer interrelation of one, be in different well bore positions, cut the rock stratum be not quite similar, bear different external force, but need to keep being close to consistent rate of penetration.In fact, the instantaneous mechanical drilling speed of the two is often difficult to keep identical, and influence factor mainly contains the staggered of stratum, the change of drilling tool cutting power, the change etc. of drilling technology parameter.Exemplarily, the pressure of the drill distribution condition when reaming while drilling device pierces the stratum that soft or hard interlocks might as well be considered.Assuming that enter soft formation by hard formation, then first pilot bit contacts and holds breakable soft formation, and reamer is also in the hard formation of more difficult fragmentation, temporal ROP when so pilot bit enters soft formation increases suddenly, and the pressure of the drill be applied to it reduces rapidly, part the pressure of the drill of reduction will be transferred on reamer at once.And when entering hard formation by soft formation, situation is just the opposite, the instantaneous the pressure of the drill acting on pilot bit will increase rapidly.So can find, for pilot bit, when its temporal ROP is higher than reamer, the pressure of the drill acted on it will reduce; When its temporal ROP is lower than reamer, the pressure of the drill acted on it will increase.
Researcher points out, reaming hole process is usually with the bad working environments such as stick-slip, vibration, and one of reason causing this phenomenon is the unreasonable distribution of the pressure of the drill between reamer and pilot bit.In fact, in the design process of reaming hole device, just should provide the reference value that the pressure of the drill distributes.The conventional method calculating the pressure of the drill distribution is geometric surface area method, excises the cross-sectional area of rock than the ratio as the two suffered the pressure of the drill by reamer and pilot bit.It is single that this method relates to factor, and the degree of accuracy is lower.
The borehole wall is considered as the thick cylinder by interior external pressure by Xia Yan, analyze drill bit and reamer cut the compressive strength difference on stratum, propose the alias index the calculating being introduced into the pressure of the drill distribution ratio that characterize above-mentioned difference, but this method hypothesis reamer is identical with the power of pilot bit rock cutting, adapts to field narrower.
The people such as Thomson proposes cloth toothing by adjustment pilot bit and drill-following reamer thus conservative control the pressure of the drill method of distributing testing.But this method is not suitable for stratum complicated and changeable, and once after cutting teeth wearing and tearing its cutting power also change, this amplitude of variation is difficult to estimate, therefore is difficult to the reasonable distribution ensureing the pressure of the drill in reaming hole process.
Up to now, there is no stable the pressure of the drill relations of distribution that rational scheme can keep between reamer and pilot bit in reaming while drilling process.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize the reasonable distribution of the pressure of the drill between reamer and pilot bit, ensureing the safety and stablization of reaming hole process, the invention provides a kind of two rotating speed method and the device that control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation.
Described technical scheme is as follows:
On the one hand, provide a kind of two rotating speed methods controlling reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation, described method comprises: measure in real time the pressure of the drill value of neck eye drill string, obtain the pressure of the drill measured value of neck eye drill string; Relatively the pressure of the drill measured value and the neck eye drill string the pressure of the drill threshold limit value preset; If the pressure of the drill measured value exceeds default threshold limit value, flowed through the rotating speed of the mud flow rate control pilot bit of fluid motor by adjustment, and then control its rate of penetration, and change the pressure of the drill relations of distribution.
The threshold limit value of described pilot bit the pressure of the drill is 50% ~ 70% of total the pressure of the drill, the pressure of the drill sum that described total the pressure of the drill bears for drill-following reamer and pilot bit.
When the pressure of the drill measured value of pilot bit exceeds set threshold limit value, the drilling speed of pilot bit is controlled, specifically comprises:
When the pressure of the drill measured value higher than total the pressure of the drill 70% time, improve the rotating speed of pilot bit by increasing the mud flow rate flowing through fluid motor;
When the pressure of the drill measured value lower than total the pressure of the drill 50% time, reduce the rotating speed of pilot bit by reducing the mud flow rate flowing through fluid motor.
On the other hand, provide a kind of two rotational speed devices controlling reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation, comprise drill-following reamer and neck eye drill string, fluid motor and pilot bit is provided with in described neck eye drill string, described pilot bit is connected with described fluid motor, for driving described pilot bit to rotate, be also provided with measure and control device in described neck eye drill string, described measure and control device comprises:
Electromagnetic valve, is arranged in the cylinder of described neck eye drill string, and the cavity connects of poroid runner and described neck eye drill string is passed through in its import, and its outlet is communicated with bore hole annulus by side nozzle;
The pressure of the drill detector, is sealed in the cylinder of described neck eye drill string, for detecting the pressure of the drill of described neck eye drill string in real time;
Microprocessor, is sealed in the cylinder of neck eye drill string, and is connected with the pressure of the drill detector with described electromagnetic valve respectively, for controlling the described duty of the pressure of the drill detector and the opening degree of electromagnetic valve;
Battery, being sealed in the cylinder of neck eye drill string, is described the pressure of the drill detector, microprocessor and solenoid valve;
Described microprocessor runs the pressure of the drill presetting module, the pressure of the drill comparison module and solenoid valve control module,
The pressure of the drill presetting module, for storing default the pressure of the drill threshold limit value of described neck eye drill string;
The pressure of the drill comparison module, presets the size of threshold limit value for comparing surveyed the pressure of the drill and the pressure of the drill;
Solenoid valve control module, receives the signal of described the pressure of the drill comparison module, and adjusts the aperture of described electromagnetic valve according to comparison signal.
Further, described device also comprises the observing and controlling pipe nipple of a hollow, and described measure and control device is arranged in described observing and controlling pipe nipple, and the two ends of described observing and controlling pipe nipple are connected with described drill-following reamer and fluid motor respectively.
Described pilot bit is PDC drill bit, rock bit or combination tooth drill bit;
Described drill-following reamer installs PDC cutting teeth.
Described fluid motor is screw motor or turbine motor, and its rotor speed is controlled by the mud flow rate size flowed through wherein.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is:
(1) detected in real time by the pressure of the drill detector and record the pressure of the drill data on pilot bit drill string, being convenient to analysis and creeping into dynamic process; By the pressure of the drill comparison module in microprocessor, the pressure of the drill measured value, the pressure of the drill are preset threshold limit value and compared, when the pressure of the drill measured value exceed the pressure of the drill preset threshold limit value time, the rotating speed of the mud flow rate control pilot bit of fluid motor is flowed through by adjustment, and then the pressure of the drill realized between drill-following reamer and neck eye drill string distributes, the pressure of the drill is distributed and controls in the reasonable scope, thus realize more stable, safe reaming hole drilling process, improve tool life, save drilling cost.
(2) the present invention only need match suitable joint, this device can be used for various types of reaming while drilling device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the device of control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation proposed by the invention;
Fig. 2 is drill-following reamer and observing and controlling pipe nipple structure sectional view in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is pilot bit in Fig. 1 and fluid motor structure sectional view;
Fig. 4 is the observing and controlling pipe nipple structural representation in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is measure and control device control principle block diagram.
In figure:
1. drill-following reamer, 2. observing and controlling pipe nipple, 3. fluid motor, 4. pilot bit, 5. reamer inner flow passage,
6. observing and controlling pipe nipple inner flow passage, 7. fluid motor rotor, 8. universal joint, 9. side nozzle, 10. electromagnetic valve,
11. microprocessors, 12. batteries, 13. electromagnetic valve imports, 14. neck eye drill strings.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
The invention provides a kind of two rotating speed methods of reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation, described method comprises:
The pressure of the drill value of neck eye drill string 14 is measured in real time, obtains the pressure of the drill measured value of neck eye drill string 14; Relatively the pressure of the drill measured value and the neck eye drill string 14 the pressure of the drill threshold limit value preset; If the pressure of the drill measured value exceeds default threshold limit value, flowed through the rotating speed of the mud flow rate control pilot bit of fluid motor by adjustment, and then control its rate of penetration, and change the pressure of the drill relations of distribution.
The threshold limit value of wherein said pilot bit the pressure of the drill is 50% ~ 70% of total the pressure of the drill, the pressure of the drill sum that described total the pressure of the drill bears for drill-following reamer and pilot bit.
When the pressure of the drill measured value of pilot bit exceeds set threshold limit value, the drilling speed of pilot bit is controlled, specifically comprises:
When the pressure of the drill measured value higher than total the pressure of the drill 70% time, improve the rotating speed of pilot bit by increasing the mud flow rate flowing through fluid motor;
When the pressure of the drill measured value lower than total the pressure of the drill 50% time, reduce the rotating speed of pilot bit by reducing the mud flow rate flowing through fluid motor.
Refer to Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4, present invention also offers a kind of two rotational speed devices controlling reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation, comprise drill-following reamer 1, fluid motor 3, neck eye drill string 14 and observing and controlling pipe nipple 2, also can be as a whole with neck eye drill string 14 by observing and controlling pipe nipple 2, preferably separated by observing and controlling pipe nipple 2, drill-following reamer 1 is driven by ground drill; Described pilot bit 4 is connected with described fluid motor 3, rotate for driving described pilot bit 4, observing and controlling pipe nipple 2 also controls the rotating speed of below fluid motor 3 for the size detecting neck eye drill string 14 the pressure of the drill, and fluid motor rotor 7 is connected with pilot bit 4 by universal joint 8.Observing and controlling pipe nipple 2 upper and lower is all processed with joint, and during installation, top connects drill-following reamer 1, and bottom connects fluid motor 3, and reamer inner flow passage 5, observing and controlling pipe nipple inner flow passage 6 and neck eye drill string 14 are connected.Observing and controlling pipe nipple 2 is wherein embedded with measure and control device, and measure and control device comprises:
Electromagnetic valve 10, is arranged in the cylinder of observing and controlling pipe nipple 2, and electromagnetic valve import 13 is communicated with observing and controlling pipe nipple inner flow passage 6 by poroid runner, and its outlet is communicated with by the bore hole annulus of poroid runner with observing and controlling pipe nipple 2; The runner exit place be wherein connected with electromagnetic valve outlet is provided with side nozzle 9;
The pressure of the drill detector, is sealed in the cylinder of observing and controlling pipe nipple 2, for detecting the pressure of the drill of neck eye drill string in real time;
Microprocessor 11, is sealed in the cylinder of observing and controlling pipe nipple 2, and is connected with the pressure of the drill detector with electromagnetic valve 10 respectively, for the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve of the pressure of the drill signal and electromagnetic valve 10 that receive the pressure of the drill detector;
Battery 12, is sealed in the cylinder of observing and controlling pipe nipple 2, for described the pressure of the drill detector, microprocessor 11 and electromagnetic valve 10 are powered;
Described microprocessor 11 runs the pressure of the drill presetting module, the pressure of the drill comparison module and solenoid valve control module,
The pressure of the drill presetting module, for storing default the pressure of the drill threshold limit value of described neck eye drill string 14;
The pressure of the drill comparison module, for comparing the size of surveyed the pressure of the drill and default the pressure of the drill threshold limit value;
Solenoid valve control module, is used for receiving the signal of described the pressure of the drill comparison module, and adjusts the aperture of described electromagnetic valve according to comparison signal, realize the pressure of the drill reasonable distribution.If survey the pressure of the drill and exceed set neck eye and bore threshold limit value, controlled the rotating speed of pilot bit 4 by the aperture adjusting described electromagnetic valve 10, realize the pressure of the drill reasonable distribution.
Above-mentioned pilot bit 4 can select PDC drill bit, rock bit or combination tooth drill bit; Drill-following reamer adopts PDC cutting teeth, and fluid motor can select screw motor of the prior art or turbine motor, and its rotor speed is controlled by the mud flow rate size flowed through wherein.
This device is exclusively used in the reaming while drilling operation of complex region.Before operation starts, by slow turn on pump after at the bottom of instrument lower going-into-well, fully circulate 1 ~ 2 time to ensure that shaft bottom is clean.Apply the pressure of the drill gradually afterwards, keep drill-following reamer rotational speed omega 1 about 50 ~ 60rpm.Once observing and controlling pipe nipple 2 detects the pressure of the drill signal, namely electromagnetic valve is opened, and adjustment flows through the flow of fluid motor, makes drill speed reach the ω 2 of design, ensures that the pressure of the drill relations of distribution reach scope of design.Generally should ensure neck eye drill string 14 bear the 50%-70% that the pressure of the drill reaches total the pressure of the drill.Before reaming hole operation starts, pump amount should be strengthened gradually under zero the pressure of the drill condition, reamer is opened completely; Strengthen the pressure of the drill afterwards, enter the reaming hole stage, keep the pressure of the drill and ground pump delivery, until reaming hole is ended.
Observing and controlling pipe nipple 2 is installed on drill-following reamer 1 bottom, and fluid motor 3 top, is powered by battery 12.In whole reaming hole drilling process, electromagnetic valve 10 remains opening, and also namely partial discharge enters electromagnetic valve 10 through observing and controlling pipe nipple 2 inner flow passage 6 by electromagnetic valve import 13, and directly enters annular space by runner by side nozzle 9, and without pilot bit 4.Microprocessor 11 controls the pressure of the drill detector and measures the pressure of the drill value acting on neck eye drill string 14 in real time; When measured value is lower than threshold limit value, microprocessor will make electromagnetic valve aperture increase, then nozzle flow increases, and the flow flowing through fluid motor reduces, pilot bit rotating speed decreases, thus limiting the instantaneous mechanical drilling speed of pilot bit, the pressure of the drill be applied to it increases, thus the pressure of the drill distribution is maintained in a rational scope.
Its concrete control principle as shown in Figure 5, when the pressure of the drill detector records the pressure of the drill of neck eye drill string, the threshold limit value of the pressure of the drill is set by the pressure of the drill presetting module in microprocessor, comparison module in microprocessor receives the pressure of the drill detector and surveys the pressure of the drill signal, and by comparing the numerical values recited of the pressure of the drill measured value and default threshold limit value, when surveyed the pressure of the drill value exceeds the scope of default threshold limit value, perform the large little trick of adjustment aperture by solenoid valve control module Controlling solenoid valve, concrete adjustment mode comprises following two kinds of situations:
When surveyed the pressure of the drill value is higher than threshold limit value, command signal is sent to electromagnetic valve by solenoid valve control module, electromagnetic valve 10 aperture is turned down, the flow flowing through fluid motor 3 increases, drill speed increases thereupon, thus increase drill bit instantaneous mechanical drilling speed, reduce the pressure of the drill be applied to it, have adjusted the pressure of the drill relations of distribution;
When surveyed the pressure of the drill value is lower than threshold limit value, command signal is sent to electromagnetic valve by solenoid valve control module, electromagnetic valve 10 aperture is tuned up, the flow flowing through fluid motor 3 reduces, drill speed reduces thereupon, thus reduce drill bit instantaneous mechanical drilling speed, increase the pressure of the drill be applied to it, have adjusted the pressure of the drill relations of distribution.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. control two rotating speed methods for reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation, it is characterized in that, described method comprises: the pressure of the drill value of the pressure of the drill detector to neck eye drill string is measured in real time, obtains the pressure of the drill measured value of described neck eye drill string; The more described the pressure of the drill measured value of microprocessor and the neck eye drill string the pressure of the drill threshold limit value preset; If described the pressure of the drill measured value exceeds default threshold limit value, then described microprocessor performs the large little trick of adjustment aperture by Controlling solenoid valve, and adjustment flows through the rotating speed of the mud flow rate control pilot bit of fluid motor, realizes the pressure of the drill reasonable distribution.
2. two rotating speed methods of control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The pressure of the drill of described neck eye drill string presets threshold limit value is total the pressure of the drill 50% ~ 70%, the pressure of the drill sum that described total the pressure of the drill bears with neck eye drill string for drill-following reamer.
3. two rotating speed methods of control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
When leading the pressure of the drill measured value of eye drill string to exceed set threshold limit value, the rotating speed of pilot bit being controlled, specifically comprises:
When the pressure of the drill measured value higher than total the pressure of the drill 70% time, improve the rotating speed of pilot bit by increasing the mud flow rate flowing through fluid motor;
When the pressure of the drill measured value lower than total the pressure of the drill 50% time, reduce the rotating speed of pilot bit by reducing the mud flow rate flowing through fluid motor.
4. one kind controls two rotational speed devices of reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation, comprise drill-following reamer and neck eye drill string, fluid motor and pilot bit is provided with in described neck eye drill string, described pilot bit is connected with described fluid motor, rotate for driving described pilot bit, it is characterized in that, be also provided with measure and control device in described neck eye drill string, described measure and control device comprises:
Electromagnetic valve, is arranged in the cylinder of described neck eye drill string, and the cavity connects of poroid runner and described neck eye drill string is passed through in its import, and its outlet is communicated with bore hole annulus by side nozzle;
The pressure of the drill detector, is sealed in the cylinder of described neck eye drill string, for detecting the pressure of the drill of described neck eye drill string in real time;
Microprocessor, is sealed in the cylinder of neck eye drill string, and is connected with the pressure of the drill detector with described electromagnetic valve respectively, for controlling the described duty of the pressure of the drill detector and the opening degree of electromagnetic valve;
Battery, being sealed in the cylinder of neck eye drill string, is described the pressure of the drill detector, microprocessor and solenoid valve;
Described microprocessor runs the pressure of the drill presetting module, the pressure of the drill comparison module and solenoid valve control module,
The pressure of the drill presetting module, presets threshold limit value for the pressure of the drill storing described neck eye drill string;
The pressure of the drill comparison module, presets the size of threshold limit value for comparing surveyed the pressure of the drill and the pressure of the drill;
Solenoid valve control module, receives the signal of described the pressure of the drill comparison module, and adjusts the aperture of described electromagnetic valve according to comparison signal.
5. two rotational speed devices of control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described device also comprises the observing and controlling pipe nipple of a hollow, and described measure and control device is arranged in described observing and controlling pipe nipple, and the two ends of described observing and controlling pipe nipple are connected with described drill-following reamer and fluid motor respectively.
6. two rotational speed devices of control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described pilot bit is PDC drill bit, rock bit or combination tooth drill bit;
Described drill-following reamer installs PDC cutting teeth.
7. two rotational speed devices of control reaming-while-drillibit bit pressure distribution relation according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described fluid motor is screw motor or turbine motor, and its rotor speed is controlled by the mud flow rate size flowed through wherein.
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| CN105793513B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2018-06-22 | 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 | The independent modification of drill string sections rotary speed |
| CN105041210B (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-03-22 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Drilling machine system based on sliding guide drilling closed loop control and drilling method |
| CN109538184A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-03-29 | 北京天和众邦勘探技术股份有限公司 | A kind of drilling machine drilling parameter method of adjustment and system |
| RU2737901C1 (en) * | 2020-01-27 | 2020-12-04 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Астраханский государственный технический университет" ФГБОУ ВО "АГТУ" | Method of drilling fluid pressure measurement in well |
| CN115522875B (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-02-28 | 西南石油大学 | Contrarotating turbine drilling tool |
| CN117803317B (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-05-03 | 四川中铁二院环保科技有限公司 | Drill bit used in diamond drilling and coring process |
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