CN103383254B - Ship shakes dipmeter - Google Patents
Ship shakes dipmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103383254B CN103383254B CN201310286050.6A CN201310286050A CN103383254B CN 103383254 B CN103383254 B CN 103383254B CN 201310286050 A CN201310286050 A CN 201310286050A CN 103383254 B CN103383254 B CN 103383254B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ship and shake dipmeter, described measuring instrument includes microcontroller and the measuring circuit being connected on microcontroller, display circuit and communicating circuit, the model of described microcontroller is ATMEGA48, described display circuit is charactron dynamic display module, PC0 ~ PC5 mouth of described microcontroller accesses the input of charactron dynamic display module respectively after resistance, PD3 ~ PD5 mouth of described microcontroller drives three positions of charactron dynamic display module to select port respectively, described measuring circuit includes three axis accelerometer chip, three axis accelerometer chip is connected by spi bus with microcontroller, described communicating circuit uses MAX232 serial port communication chip.One ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter, it is possible to measure rolling with pitching simultaneously, and certainty of measurement is high, it is possible to remotely operate measurement data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring instrument, especially relate to a kind of instrument that angle of inclination is measured, be used for indicating
Ship rolling, the measurement apparatus of pitch angular, relate to shipboard automation and measure and control field.
Background technology
Ship shakes dipmeter and is mainly used in the roll attitude angular surveying of all kinds boats and ships, conventional Ship Swaying
Measuring of attitude angle uses the dipmeter of a kind of frame for movement to realize, and its structure is by gravity pendulum, rolling bearing, scale
Dish forms, as shown in Figure 1；The installation calibrating of dipmeter requires to carry out when boats and ships are in level, is vertically pacified by dipmeter
Dress is fixed on boats and ships bulkhead, and guarantees that pendulum pointer points to the zero-bit on graduated disc；Due to the fixing peace of the graduated disc of dipmeter
Being contained on boats and ships bulkhead, when boats and ships run-off the straight, graduated disc rotates together along with boats and ships bulkhead, and pendulum is in the effect of gravity
Under be perpendicularly oriented to horizontal plane all the time, the scale that pendulum pointer points to is the angle of inclination of boats and ships.Dipmeter can only measure one
The angle of inclination in direction, if the angle of inclination of ship rolling to be measured, pitching both direction is it is necessary to rolling, pitching two
Direction is respectively mounted dipmeter, and some dipmeters, also with maximum record pointer, are used for recording inclination maximum；This machinery knot
The dipmeter survey precision of structure is poor, and installation calibrating is cumbersome, and the reading of measurement data takes manually to read the side of graduated disc
Formula, follows the example of reading data under conditions of ambient light is dark, owing to measurement data can only manually read, there is bigger reading
Count error, and measurement data cannot realize remote data transmission with computer networking.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, it is provided that rolling can be measured with pitching by one simultaneously, and
Certainty of measurement is high, it is possible to measurement data is carried out remote-operated ship and shakes dipmeter.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of ship shakes dipmeter, and described measuring instrument includes microcontroller
And measuring circuit, display circuit and the communicating circuit being connected on microcontroller.
Ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter, and the model of described microcontroller is ATMEGA48, and described display circuit is digital
Pipe dynamic display module, PC0 ~ PC5 mouth of described microcontroller accesses the defeated of charactron dynamic display module respectively after resistance
Entering end, PD3 ~ PD5 mouth of described microcontroller drives three positions of charactron dynamic display module to select port respectively.
Ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter, and described measuring circuit includes three axis accelerometer chip, and described three axles accelerate
The model of degree meter chip is ADXL345, and three axis accelerometer chip is connected by spi bus with microcontroller.
Ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter, and described communicating circuit uses MAX232 serial port communication chip, and described MAX232 goes here and there
9 feet of mouthful communication chip and 10 feet are respectively connected to 30 and 31 feet of microcontroller, 7 feet of described MAX232 serial port communication chip and
8 feet are respectively connected to serial ports joint.
Ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter, and described measuring instrument also includes key circuit, and described key circuit includes two
Individual button, one end of two buttons is respectively connected to 12 and 13 feet of microcontroller, the most in parallel on other end ground connection, and two buttons
There is electric capacity.
Ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter, and described measuring instrument also includes power circuit, and described power circuit uses voltage stabilizing
Chip is constituted.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is that a kind of numerical monitor ship based on three axis accelerometer shakes dipmeter, it can accurately measure,
Display ship directly perceived shakes inclination angle, possesses remote data transmission function, solves frame for movement dipmeter survey ship and shake the precision of existence
Difference, reading are inconvenient, data cannot the problem of remote transmission.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is conventional dipmeter structure chart.
Fig. 2 is the three axis accelerometer measurement inclination angle schematic diagram that ship of the present invention shakes that dipmeter just uses.
Fig. 3 is microcontroller and the dynamic display circuit figure that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Fig. 4 is the three axis accelerometer circuit diagram that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Fig. 5 is the serial communication circuit figure that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Fig. 6 is the key circuit figure that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Fig. 7 is the power circuit diagram that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Fig. 8 is the main program flow chart that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Fig. 9 is the outside input interruption flow chart that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Figure 10 is the intervalometer comparison match interruption flow chart that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Figure 11 is the pin level interruption flow chart that ship of the present invention shakes dipmeter.
Detailed description of the invention
Seeing Fig. 3 ~ 11, a kind of ship that the present invention relates to shakes dipmeter, described measuring instrument include microcontroller with
And measuring circuit, display circuit and the communicating circuit being connected on microcontroller；
Seeing Fig. 3, the model of described microcontroller is ATMEGA48, and described display circuit is charactron Dynamic Announce mould
Block, PC0 ~ PC5 mouth of described microcontroller accesses the input of charactron dynamic display module, described micro-control respectively after resistance
PD3 ~ PD5 mouth of device processed drives three positions of charactron dynamic display module to select port respectively, and (concretely, PD3 ~ PD5 leads to respectively
Crossing the position selection operation of the control realization logarithmic code pipe dynamic display module to audion Q1 ~ Q3, those skilled in the art are at this
Under the enlightenment of bright design, the position selection operation carried out by other means is all within the protection domain of this patent)；
Seeing Fig. 4, described measuring circuit includes three axis accelerometer chip, and the model of this three axis accelerometer chip is
ADXL345, three axis accelerometer chip is connected by spi bus with microcontroller, concretely, three axis accelerometer chip
12,13 be connected with 16,17 and 15 feet of microcontroller respectively with 14 feet, the chip selection signal foot of three axis accelerometer chip simultaneously
7 feet are connected with 14 feet of microcontroller；
The operation principle of three weeks accelerometers is；Three axis accelerometer is that the gravity on a kind of X of measurement, tri-axles of Y, Z adds
The sensor of speed, uses three axis accelerometer to measure the schematic diagram at inclination angle as in figure 2 it is shown, the Z axis of accelerometer is parallel to water
Plane, if the inclination angle of X/Y plane and horizontal plane is θ, then
Wherein, θ is X-axis inclination angle, and unit is radian, and Ax is the accekeration of X-axis, and Ay is the accekeration of Y-axis；Use same
The method of sample can be calculated the inclination angle of Z axis, uses three axis accelerometer can obtain X-axis, Z axis by one-shot measurement simultaneously
The inclination angle of both direction, is applied to this patent ship and shakes and just can measure rolling, pitch angle angle value on measurement of dip angle simultaneously；
Seeing Fig. 5, described communicating circuit uses MAX232 serial port communication chip, the 9 of described MAX232 serial port communication chip
Foot and 10 feet are respectively connected to 30 and 31 feet of microcontroller, and 7 feet of described MAX232 serial port communication chip and 8 feet are respectively connected to string
Mouth joint；
Employing serial communication is, its parameter is provided that baud rate is 9600bps, data form be 8 bit data positions, 1
Stop position, no parity check position；
Serial communication divides two kinds of data:
One is measurement data, ship shake dipmeter and automatically send, about 6 frames per second, and data frame format is:
{ AAA, BBB}
Wherein " { ", " } " is respectively frame head, postamble identifier, and A is rolling data, and B is pitching data, tape symbol, without little
Several, use character string mode to transmit, data are 10 times of angle value；
Another kind is communication data, shakes the installation deviation of dipmeter for calibrating ship, uses inquiry, response mode,
Command frame format is:
PC end is sent out；Ship shakes dipmeter and returns
Read calibration to arrange: { R}；{RAABBCCDDV}
Write calibration data: { WBBDDV}；{T}
Ship shakes dipmeter and returns corresponding information when serial ports receives PC sort command, if data loading error occurring, does not returns
Return.Wherein " { ", " } " is respectively frame head, postamble identifier, and R is read command, and W is write order, and T is confirmation order, V is verification
Being rolling data with A, B is that rolling compensates, and C is pitching data, and D is that pitching compensates；
Seeing Fig. 6, described measuring instrument also includes key circuit, and described key circuit includes two buttons, presses for two
One end of button is respectively connected to 12 and 13 feet of microcontroller, and other end ground connection, and two buttons are all parallel with electric capacity；
Seeing Fig. 7, described measuring instrument also includes power circuit, and described power circuit uses voltage stabilizing chip to constitute；
Seeing Fig. 8 ~ 11, ship of the present invention shakes the microcontroller built-in type software of dipmeter and uses C language design, by leading
Program and three interrupt function compositions:
(1) mastery routine
Mastery routine is an Infinite Cyclic, and flow chart as shown in Figure 8, is provided with software watchdog and prevents single-chip microcomputer in program
Operation irregularity.First mastery routine carries out various initialization, mainly configures the input/output port of single-chip microcomputer, carries out outside defeated
Enter, pin level interrupt Initialize installation, intervalometer fixed time interval, interrupt mode are set, complete at the beginning of accelerometer, serial ports
Beginningization, is then turned on global interrupt and enables, and now interrupts starting working.Whether mastery routine accelerometer to be detected just works
Often, and starting software watchdog, after completing above initial work, mastery routine enters Infinite Cyclic, and Infinite Cyclic is repeatedly performed
Software watchdog resets, data update Mark Detection, key presses Mark Detection, video data updates.In Infinite Cyclic first
Carrying out the reset of software watchdog, if program operation exception, house dog can not reset in time, then single-chip microcomputer carries out hardware again
Position, restarts.Watchdog circuit is possible to prevent the program operation exception that external disturbance causes.If be detected that data update
Time, single-chip microcomputer, according to the acceleration information read, calculates rolling, pitch angular respectively according to Dip countion formula, in order to anti-
The data exception that only external impact causes, have employed modified model median average filter algorithm and is smoothed data, filter
Fall abnormal data, calculate rolling, the maximum at pitching both direction inclination angle, minima the most respectively, the final number after processing
According to being stored in caching, it is used for showing.According to serial ports transmission frequency, measurement data is sent to string according to the serial communication protocol of agreement
Mouthful, read for remote computer.When detecting that button is pressed, judge it is which button is pressed, according to button according to key assignments
Function renewal display pattern, updates display according to the change of display pattern data cached, and dynamic display circuit completes display more
Newly, the interrelated man-machine interaction achieving button, display is updated by button and display.
(2) outside input is interrupted
The reading that outside input implement of interruption function 3-axis acceleration counts, interrupts flow chart as it is shown in figure 9, work as and interrupt
Time represent acceleration in respect of new data, single-chip microcomputer read accelerometer data, concatenated data update mark, notify mastery routine
Process.Interrupt also utilizing the feature of periodically updating of accelerometer data to carry out beat count, by rhythm control serial ports
Data output frequencies.
(3) intervalometer comparison match is interrupted
The Dynamic Announce of intervalometer comparison match implement of interruption function charactron, interrupts flow chart as shown in Figure 10, in occurring
Time disconnected, single-chip microcomputer first cuts out display, updates video data and is switched to next display position, opening display the most again, the most how prevent
Video data handoff procedure only occurs display entanglement.
(4) pin level is interrupted
Pin level implement of interruption function key-press input detects, and interrupts flow chart as shown in figure 11, puts key when occurring and interrupting and presses
Lower mark, is used for notifying that mastery routine carries out keystroke handling, reads key assignments simultaneously, is which button is pressed for judgement.
Claims (1)
1. a ship shakes dipmeter, it is characterised in that: described measuring instrument includes microcontroller and is connected to microcontroller
Measuring circuit, display circuit and communicating circuit on device, the model of described microcontroller is ATMEGA48, and described display circuit is
Charactron dynamic display module, PC0 ~ PC5 mouth of described microcontroller accesses charactron dynamic display module respectively after resistance
Input, PD3 ~ PD5 mouth of described microcontroller drives three positions of charactron dynamic display module to select port, described survey respectively
Amount circuit includes three axis accelerometer chip, and the model of described three axis accelerometer chip is ADXL345, three axis accelerometer
Chip is connected by spi bus with microcontroller, and described communicating circuit uses MAX232 serial port communication chip, and described MAX232 goes here and there
9 feet of mouthful communication chip and 10 feet are respectively connected to 30 and 31 feet of microcontroller, 7 feet of described MAX232 serial port communication chip and
8 feet are respectively connected to serial ports joint, and described measuring instrument also includes key circuit, and described key circuit includes two buttons, and two
One end of individual button is respectively connected to 12 and 13 feet of microcontroller, and other end ground connection, and two buttons are all parallel with electric capacity, institute
Stating measuring instrument and also include power circuit, described power circuit uses voltage stabilizing chip to constitute；
When using serial communication, its parameter is provided that baud rate is 9600bps, and data form is 8 bit data positions, 1 stopping
Position, no parity check position；Serial communication divides two kinds of data:
One is measurement data, ship shake dipmeter and automatically send, and about 6 frames per second, data frame format is: { AAA, BBB}
Wherein " { ", " } " is respectively frame head, postamble identifier, and A is rolling data, and B is pitching data, tape symbol, without arithmetic point,
Using character string mode to transmit, data are 10 times of angle value；
Another kind is communication data, shakes the installation deviation of dipmeter for calibrating ship, uses inquiry, response mode, order
Frame format is:
PC end is sent out；Ship shakes dipmeter and returns
Read calibration to arrange: { R}；{RAABBCCDDV}
Write calibration data: { WBBDDV}；{T}
Ship shakes dipmeter and returns corresponding information when serial ports receives PC sort command, if data loading error occurring, does not returns,
Wherein " { ", " } " is respectively frame head, postamble identifier, and R is read command, and W is write order, and T is for confirming order, and V for verification and A is
Rolling data, B is that rolling compensates, and C is pitching data, and D is that pitching compensates；”.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310286050.6A CN103383254B (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Ship shakes dipmeter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310286050.6A CN103383254B (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Ship shakes dipmeter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103383254A CN103383254A (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| CN103383254B true CN103383254B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
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| CN201310286050.6A Expired - Fee Related CN103383254B (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Ship shakes dipmeter |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103591925B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-01-20 | 浙江理工大学 | Based on the mobile platform rotation angle measurement method of 3-axis acceleration sensor |
| EP2993116B1 (en) | 2014-09-08 | 2020-10-28 | Eniram OY | A sensor device for providing marine vessel data |
| CN106643573A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-05-10 | 攀枝花学院 | Laser angle measurement circuit |
| CN108180936B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2024-02-23 | 朱迎春 | Oblique vibration recording device and method for express delivery transportation |
| CN110220490B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2024-07-05 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Measuring device for rock mass deformation |
Citations (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102927955A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 陕西科技大学 | Turning point angle measuring instrument for turning point stake of petroleum pipelines |
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| KR20130064863A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-06-19 | (주)가우스텍 | Blackbox with both wire and wireless communication |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102927955A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 陕西科技大学 | Turning point angle measuring instrument for turning point stake of petroleum pipelines |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 基于MMA7260Q的数字倾角传感器设计;吴延荣等;《微计算机信息》;20100710;第26卷(第7-1期);正文第3节、图2 * |
| 基于三周加速度传感器的倾角测量***的设计;徐晓翔等;《传感器世界》;20120731(第7期);第32-36页 * |
| 基于加速度传感器的倾角测量;蒋瑞挺;《电子制作》;20101130(第11期);第37-39页 * |
| 电子秤倾角自动检测与称量误差补偿方法研究;唐立军等;《电子测量与仪器学报》;20110131;第25卷(第1期);第61-67页 * |
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Granted publication date: 20161102 Termination date: 20170709 |