CN103380827A - Grease composition for preventing obesity fatty liver and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Grease composition for preventing obesity fatty liver and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a grease composition for preventing an obesity fatty liver and a preparation method thereof. Specifically speaking, a medium-chain fatty acid in the grease composition provided by the invention accounts for 25 to 35% by mass of all the fatty acids in the grease composition; triglyceride containing two medium-chain fatty acid residues in its molecule accounts for no less than 30% by mass of all the triglycerides; and a long-chain saturated fatty acid accounts for no more than 15% by mass of all the long-chain saturated fatty acids composing the grease composition. The grease composition provided by the invention can reduce triglycerides in the liver, improve metabolism of lipoprotein and prevent occurrence of an obesity fatty liver, has same cooking applicability as common edible oil, good taste and high security and is applicable to edible oil, fat or grease processed food, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the edible oil and fat fields, be specifically related to fat or oil composition of a kind of prevention of obesity fatty liver and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Fat is one of important sources of body energy, and essential fatty acid can be provided, and is conducive to digesting and assimilating of liposoluble vitamin, but fat intake is too much one of hazards that cause the multiple chronic diseases such as obesity, high fat of blood, atherosclerotic.Chinese residents nutrition in 2002 and the demonstration of investigation of health conditions result, China urban and rural residents take in cooking oil 42g average every day, and far above the recommended amounts 25g of 1997 " Chinese residents dietary guidelines ", the chronic diseases illness rate increases sharply simultaneously.Compared with 1992, the adult is overweight has risen 39%, and obesity has risen 97%, and Prevalence of Hypertension has increased by 31%.The edible oil Excessive Intake is the common nutrition problems that exist of China urban and rural residents.Important measures that prevent fat and metabolic syndrome low-fat picked-up are fallen are, however the flavour of food products of shortage grease can be affected, also can affect the process of food.
Fatty liver is the liver Lipoprotein Disorders, and the aggregate velocity of triglycerides (Triglyceride, TG) is secreted speed into blood, a kind of pathological change that the TG bulk deposition arrives in liver greater than it.The positive serious threat compatriots' of fatty liver health becomes the second largest hepatopathy that is only second to virus hepatitis, has been acknowledged as the common cause of disguised cirrhosis, and according to the cause of disease, fatty liver is divided into obesity-related, Alcoholic, Drug etc.Wherein obesity fatty liver accounts for more than 60% of whole fatty livers.Fatty liver can cause the serious liver class diseases such as cirrhosis, liver cancer with protracted inflammation.
The series of side effects that picked-up brings for fat, lipid substitute and fat mimetic arise at the historic moment under this background.Lipid substitute is the Ester take aliphatic acid as base-material, and its structure is different with the triglycerides in oil with common edible, does not accumulate in human body or characteristic low in calories thereby cause them to have.Fat mimetic is to adopt protein, carbohydrate and gelatin substance production to obtain, and fat mimetic can not show a candle to ester quasi-grease substitute at verisimilitude and the processability of simulation grease, and its application has very large limitation.Lipid substitute just causes concern in developed country at twentieth century the fifties, in lipid substitute, sucrose fatty acid polyester is a kind of product of commercial applications, and this material has the mouthfeel close with grease and not by body metabolism, so energy is not provided.Yet sucrose fatty acid polyester can affect the absorption of liposoluble vitamin, also may cause abdominal cramps.
Medium chain fatty acid or medium chain triglyceride (MCT, the medium chain fatty acid edible oil) easily can be quantized, can digest and assimilate fast, thereby accumulation of body fat is few, yet when reporting the medium chain triglyceride excess intake, can cause diarrhoea, the symptom such as nauseating, uncomfortable in chest, and medium chain triglyceride makes it use as cooking oil and has certain defective due to low smoke point and easy to foaming limitation.SCT has characteristics low in calories, but freezing point is high, and versatility is poor.The energy density of protein and carbohydrate is below half of fat, by being processed into as having fat the same physical property and taste, fat substitute low in calories can be provided, but heat resistance and can not be as shortcomings such as heat medium uses for want of.Matsuo T. has reported that in calendar year 2001 middle chain fatty acid triglycerides can suppress accumulation of body fat (Asia Pac J ClinNutr.2001; 10:46-50), the research discovery, middle chain fatty acid triglycerides has character and the trophic function of oil with common edible highly versatile, is a kind of better lipid substitute, has been subject to extensive concern.
In flat No. 4-501812 of the PCT patent application day disclosure, disclose the triglycerides that consists of by by LCFA and SCFA, low calorie fat can be provided.But the triglycerides that is made of SCFA has special taste, therefore utilizable cooking product are restricted, is not suitable for use in having the edible oil of popularity.
CN101530138 discloses a kind of middle long chain health care prandial oil, LCFA edible oil and medium chain fatty acid edible oil simple physical are in harmonious proportion, do not solve physical modulated and after keep the problem of clear under the low smoke point, easy to foaming and oil at low temperature that bring, more be not suitable as cooking oil and use.
CN101185465 discloses a kind of glyceride take CLA and medium chain fatty acid and diglyceride is the few fat or oil composition of the accumulation of body fat of active ingredient, but the fat or oil composition security that contains diglyceride was under suspicion in 2009, mainly to contain carcinogenicity material glycidol in diglyceride, simultaneously at the whole undercarriages of Japan's diglyceride product fashionable for a time.And be difficult to the DAG of low cost fabrication high concentration, the shortcoming that is difficult to be widely used.
WO2002016534(CN1293176C) a kind of fat or oil composition of the 5-23 of containing quality % medium chain fatty acid is disclosed, and the molecule triglycerides that contains 2 medium chain fatty acid residues proportion in whole triglycerides is 1-20 quality %, and this fat or oil composition is mainly the accumulation that reduces body fat.
JP2005171237 discloses by diglyceride and triglycerides and has consisted of in the fat or oil composition composition, contain 15-98 quality % diglyceride, has 1 medium chain fatty acid residue in 1-40 quality % triglycerides molecule, this invention is also mainly take diglyceride as active ingredient, have the problem same with above-mentioned CN101185465 patent, major function is also to suppress the accumulation of body fat.
CN100523206 discloses a kind of production method that contains the triglycerides of polyunsaturated fatty acid, and wherein 1,3 connects medium chain fatty acid, and 2 connect long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid.As everyone knows, triglycerides is under the effect of enteral pancreatic lipase, and in triglycerides, 1,3 ester bond disconnects, and is broken down into 2-monoglyceride and aliphatic acid.2-monoglyceride and aliphatic acid be dissolved in the bile acid protomere and after being absorbed by small intestinal cell by synthetic glycerine three esters again, be stored in muscle, adipose tissue, liver.If 2 connect medium chain fatty acid, just be not easy to synthesize, thus fine inhibition accumulation of body fat, and the polyunsaturated fatty acid edible oil is not suitable for cooking frying etc. due to unstable easy oxidation under high temperature.
Comprehensive existing technology, various fat or oil compositions substantially all focus on the accumulation that reduces body fat, seldom relate to the obesity fatty liver aspect, especially reduce the content of triglycerides in liver, improve lipoprotein metabolism etc.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming for the prior art existence, fat or oil composition of a kind of prevention of obesity fatty liver and preparation method thereof is provided, this fat or oil composition can reduce triglycerides in liver, improve lipoprotein metabolism, the generation of prevention of obesity fatty liver, and with oil with common edible have be equal to the cooking applicability and the taste good safety high, can be applied to edible oil, fat or Oil products etc.
Content and the effect of chain fatty acid triglycerides during further purpose of the present invention is to improve in fat or oil composition, the while can be satisfied again standard and the application performance of oil with common edible.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a kind of fat or oil composition that reduces liver tg, it is characterized in that, in composition, to account for the ratio of fat or oil composition all fatty acids be 25-35 quality % to medium chain fatty acid, and the molecule triglycerides that contains 2 medium chain fatty acid residues proportion 〉=30 quality % in whole triglycerides, chain saturated fatty acids proportion in the whole LCFAs that consist of fat or oil composition is≤15 quality %.
In one embodiment, 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=60 quality % in fat or oil composition of the present invention, preferably, described 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=70 quality %, preferred, 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=80 quality %, preferred 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=90 quality %.
In one embodiment, the molecule triglycerides that contains 3 medium chain fatty acid residues shared ratio≤5 quality % in whole triglycerides.
In one embodiment, also contain one or more in fat or oil composition of the present invention and be selected from following antioxidant: in TBHQ (TBHQ), butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT), vitamin E, Rosmarinus officinalis extract, tea extraction, to keep the stable of product.
The invention provides a kind of product that contains fat or oil composition of the present invention, described product can be culinary fat or oil composition, pet food, flavouring, mayonnaise, margarine, snack categories, cake, beverage etc.
The invention provides a kind of method for preparing fat or oil composition of the present invention, described method comprises:
(1) raw oil material is mixed with medium chain triglyceride, obtain raw mix;
(2) by having added the lipase packed column of 2-14 quality % raw mix gross weight, carry out ester exchange reaction at 30-80 ℃ with 0.5-3 times of enzyme amount flow velocity per hour; With
(3) product at 160 ~ 230 ℃ by the molecular clock separation and purification, decoloration and deodorization then, thus prepare described fat or oil composition.
In one embodiment, described lipase is selected from the lipase of alcaligenes, candida, Rhizopus, mucor or Pseudomonas, or from the liver phospholipase A.
the invention provides a kind of method for preparing fat or oil composition of the present invention, described method comprises: raw oil material is mixed with medium chain triglyceride, obtain raw mix, then at 90-120 ℃ of vacuum drying 10min, add and account for raw mix gross weight 0.1-2 quality % catalyst, raw oil material and medium chain triglyceride are reacted at the temperature of about 90-120 ℃, press the citric acid solution cessation reaction that raw mix gross weight 8-12 quality % adds concentration 6-10%, the washed reaction product is until pH is neutral, dry decolouring, 160 ~ 230 ℃ of molecular clocks, deodorization, thereby obtain described fat or oil composition.
In one embodiment, described catalyst is selected from the mixture of sodium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, NaOH and glycerine or the mixture of alkali metal and glycerine.
In one embodiment, described method Raw grease is 0.25 ~ 1.25:1 with the molar ratio that mixes of medium chain triglyceride.
In one embodiment, described raw oil material is natural animal oil, fat or vegetable oil, fat, and is preferred, and described vegetable oil is soya-bean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, seed oil of sunflower, peanut, sesame, safflower seed oil, linseed oil, cottonseed oil, rice oil; Or described raw oil material is the processing grease of described natural animal oil, fat or vegetable oil, fat, is preferably through the grease of minute carrying and/or ester exchange processing obtains.
The present invention also comprises the fat or oil composition that adopts said method to prepare.
The present invention also provides a kind of food, the fat or oil composition that it contains the described fat or oil composition of any one according to claim 1-4 or prepares according to the method for the invention.
In one embodiment, described food comprises animal foodstuff and human food.
The present invention also comprises the application of fat or oil composition of the present invention in the product of preparation minimizing liver fat.Described product can comprise such as culinary fat or oil composition, pet food, flavouring, mayonnaise, margarine, snack categories, cake, beverage and medicine etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows that different fat or oil compositions reduce liver TG content balance.
Fig. 2 shows that different fat or oil compositions improve the HDL-C content balance.
Fig. 3 shows that different fat or oil compositions improve the LDL-C content balance.
The specific embodiment
In the present invention, " medium chain fatty acid " or " M " refers to that carbon number is the aliphatic acid of 6-12, refers in particular to saturated fatty acid.For example, caproic acid, sad, capric acid, laurate; Preferred carbon number is 8-10 aliphatic acid, as sad and capric acid.
In the present invention, " LCFA " refers to that carbon number is the aliphatic acid more than 14, and preferred carbon number is the aliphatic acid of 14-22, comprises chain saturated fatty acids and unrighted acid.For example, being applicable to LCFA of the present invention comprises: the chain saturated fatty acids such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, hexacosoic acid; With long-chain unrighted acids such as 9-tetradecenoic acid, pentadecylenic acid, palmitoleic acid, hexadecatrienoic acid, heptadecenoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, gamma-Linolenic acid, parinaric acid, eicosenoic acid, eicosadienoic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosenoic acid, two dodecadienoic acids, clupanodonic acid, DHAs.Fatty acid residue is for removing the group after the OH of carboxyl from aliphatic acid.
The present invention also uses letter " L " to refer to carbon number at the aliphatic acid more than 14, and " 2M1L " refers to contain the triglycerides of a L of two M, and the triglycerides of 1 LCFA residue of 2 medium chain fatty acid residues is namely arranged on triglycerides molecule.The medium chain fatty acid residue can be 1,3 of triglyceride structure, also can be at 2,3, or 1,2." 1M2L " is the triglycerides that contains two L of a M, and the triglycerides of 2 LCFA residues of 1 medium chain fatty acid residue is namely arranged on triglycerides molecule.
In fat or oil composition of the present invention, the ratio that medium chain fatty acid accounts for the fat or oil composition all fatty acids is 25-35 quality %.In one embodiment, to account for the ratio of fat or oil composition all fatty acids be 27-32 quality % to medium chain fatty acid.Molecule contains triglycerides proportion 〉=30 quality % in whole triglycerides of 2 medium chain fatty acid residues.In some embodiments, the molecule triglycerides that contains 2 medium chain fatty acid residues in whole triglycerides proportion 〉=40 quality %, 〉=50 quality %, 〉=60 quality % etc.In preferred embodiment, the fat or oil composition clear is not sent out dim when keeping cryopreservation, in fat or oil composition of the present invention, chain saturated fatty acids proportion in the whole LCFAs that consist of fat or oil composition is≤15 quality %, preferred proportion≤12 quality %, more preferably≤8 quality % ,≤5 quality %.
In a preferred embodiment, the triglycerides that in preferred fat or oil composition of the present invention, molecule contains 3 medium chain fatty acid residues is shared ratio＜5 quality % in whole triglycerides.If the triglycerides that molecule contains 3 medium chain fatty acid residues shared ratio in whole triglycerides greater than 5%, is fuming during the cooking obviously, bubble serious, be not suitable for cooking oil.Preferred this ratio is below 3 quality %, below 2 quality %, below 1 quality %.More preferably below 0.5 quality %, being fuming bubbles significantly improves.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention can contain emulsifying agent, with the fried adaptability of further raising, particularly suppresses to bubble.The emulsifying agent that is applicable to fat or oil composition of the present invention comprises but is not limited to sucrose fatty ester, polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, butanedioic acid glyceride, monoglyceride, diglyceride, D-sorbite fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester etc.Fat or oil composition of the present invention can contain one or more in mentioned emulsifier.If fat or oil composition of the present invention contains emulsifying agent, the amount that emulsifying agent accounts for fat or oil composition of the present invention is preferably 0.1～6 quality %, further preferred 0.3～5 quality %.
Also can contain one or more in fat or oil composition of the present invention and be selected from following antioxidant: in TBHQ (TBHQ), butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT), vitamin E, Rosmarinus officinalis extract, tea extraction, to keep the stable of product.The consumption of antioxidant is conventional consumption, certainly also can make suitable adjustment according to different fat or oil compositions.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention also can contain other additive that can be used for improving crystallization inhibition under storage stability, oxidation stability, heat endurance, low temperature etc. hereinafter described.
In a preferred embodiment, with the total restatement of fat or oil composition of the present invention, contained 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=70 quality % in fat or oil composition, preferred 〉=75 quality %, 〉=80 quality %.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention can obtain by making the reaction of raw oil material and medium chain triglyceride.
The required raw oil material of production fat or oil composition of the present invention can be natural animal oil, fat or vegetable oil, fat.Preferably, described vegetable oil is soya-bean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, seed oil of sunflower, peanut, sesame, safflower seed oil, linseed oil, cottonseed oil or rice oil, or its any mixture.Perhaps, raw oil material of the present invention can be the processing grease of natural animal oil, fat or vegetable oil, fat, or their any mixture.Be preferably and minute carry and/or grease or its any mixture that ester exchange processing obtains.
Being used for medium chain triglyceride of the present invention (MCT) can be to use aforementioned medium chain fatty acid and glycerine are carried out by conventional method the triglycerides that esterification obtains.Medium chain fatty acid can derive from for example coconut oil, palm-kernel oil, Camphor Tree Seeds benevolence oil, mountain grey seed benevolence wet goods.Single acidic group or mixed acid base glycerol three esters that but the carbon numbers such as aliphatic acid that general preferred use is decomposed by coconut oil are 8～10 saturated fatty acid to be consisted of, for example medium chain triglyceride of the medium chain triglyceride of caprylic/capric=60/40～75/25 mass ratio or caprylic/capric=50/50～75/25 mass ratio.Also can prepare fat or oil composition of the present invention with the medium chain triglyceride that is commercially available.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention can be obtained by several different methods, comprises esterification, free fatty or the fatty acid ester of aliphatic acid and the ester exchange reaction of glyceride etc., and these reactions can be adopted chemical catalysis or enzyme law catalysis.
when preparation fat or oil composition of the present invention, can adjust according to the raw oil material that uses the usage ratio of raw oil material and medium chain fatty acid (or medium chain triglyceride), be determined at the Triglycerides etc. of product in ester exchange reaction and adjust medium chain fatty acid shared ratio in all fatty acids that consists of fat or oil composition, and molecule contains triglycerides shared ratio in whole triglycerides of 2 medium chain fatty acid residues, molecule contains triglycerides shared ratio in the whole triglycerides that consist of fat or oil composition of 3 medium chain fatty acid residues, and chain saturated fatty acids shared ratio in the whole LCFAs that consist of fat or oil composition.
Preferred enzyme law catalysis preparation method.Enzyme law catalysis is the preparation method generally include, and by having added the packed column of lipase, carries out ester exchange reaction at 30-80 ℃ after raw oil material is mixed with medium chain triglyceride.
According to different raw oil materials and medium chain triglyceride used, raw oil material can 0.25 ~ 1.25:1 with the molar ratio that mixes of medium chain triglyceride.For example, in the situation of the MCT that uses palm olein oil and caprylic/capric=60/40,0.25 ~ 0.5:1 mixes in molar ratio; Using rapeseed oil and MCT(caprylic/capric=60/40) situation in, 0.5 ~ 0.75:1 mixing in molar ratio; Using corn oil and MCT(caprylic/capric=50/50) situation in, 0.75 ~ 1:1 mixing in molar ratio; Using soybean oil and MCT(caprylic/capric=50/50) situation in, 1 ~ 1.25:1 mixing in molar ratio; Using seed oil of sunflower and MCT(caprylic/capric=60/40) situation in, 1 ~ 1.25:1 mixing in molar ratio.In other cases, also can adopt suitable mixed proportion.
Usually, the flow velocity by packed column per hour is 0.5-3 times of enzyme amount, for example, per hour can be that 1-3 times of enzyme amount, a 1-2 times enzyme amount do not wait.In a preferred embodiment, the per hour flow velocity by packed column is 1.5-2 times of enzyme amount.
The amount of adding the lipase of packed column to is generally the 2-14 quality % of raw material total amount (total amount of raw oil material+MCT).For example, can 5-12 quality %, 6-12 quality %, the amount of 5-10 quality % adds lipase in packed column to.In a preferred embodiment, the addition of lipase is 8-10 quality %.Can adopt the method for this area routine that lipase is added in packed column.
Be applicable to lipase of the present invention and can comprise lipase from alkali bacillus genus, candida, Rhizopus, mucor or Pseudomonas, or from phospholipase A of liver etc.Particularly preferably be, the present invention uses the lipase from candida or Rhizopus.The example that is applicable to lipase of the present invention can be various commercially available lipase, Lipozyme RM IM for example, Lipozyme TL IM, Novozyme435 etc.
Ester exchange reaction is usually controlled within selected lipase brings into play its active temperature range, and this temperature is usually the scope of 30-80 ℃, preferably at 50-60 ℃.Can select suitable transesterification reaction temperature according to the different lipase that use, in order to carry out ester exchange in the situation that enzyme is brought into play maximum vigor.
After ester exchange reaction, the method that can adopt this area routine to the ester exchange reaction products therefrom separate, purifying, decolouring, deodorization.For example, ester exchange reaction gained product can be carried out molecular clock under 160 ~ 230 ℃, the deodorization of separation and purification rear decoloring.Can adopt hereinafter described decolouring and deodour method.
In a preferred embodiment, enzyme process ester exchange reaction condition of the present invention comprises, temperature is controlled at 50-60 ℃, the preferred 1.5-2 of flow velocity times of enzyme amount per hour, and the lipase addition is 8-10 quality %.
Another method for preparing fat or oil composition of the present invention is the chemical catalysis preparation method.The method comprises: raw oil material is mixed with medium chain triglyceride, add after vacuum drying and account for the raw material gross weight (catalyst of 0.1-2 quality % of raw oil material+MCT), raw oil material and medium chain triglyceride are reacted at the temperature of about 90-120 ℃, press the citric acid solution cessation reaction that raw material gross weight 8-12 quality % adds concentration 6-10%, then the washed reaction product is until pH is neutral, dry decolouring, 160 ~ 230 ℃ of molecular clocks, deodorization obtains fat or oil composition of the present invention.
In chemical catalysis, the mol ratio of raw oil material and medium chain triglyceride such as the heterotrophism defined in enzyme process are within the scope of 0.25 ~ 1.25:1.The technical staff can be used according to reality raw oil material and the medium chain triglyceride mol ratio of adjusting both, to reach best effect.
After raw oil material and medium chain triglyceride mixing, usually carried out in 90-120 ℃ vacuum drying 5-15 minute.After drying, can add to account for raw material gross weight 0.1-2 quality %, be generally the catalyst that 0.3-1.8 quality %, 0.5-1.5 quality %, 0.5-1.2 quality % do not wait.Catalyst can be selected from the conventional various catalyst that use in this area, includes but not limited to the mixture of sodium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, NaOH and glycerine or the mixture of alkali metal and glycerine.Also can use the mixture of two or more catalyst.
After adding catalyst, can stir 20-40 minute, raw oil material and medium chain triglyceride are reacted.Reaction time depending on concrete raw oil material, the factors such as amount of medium chain triglyceride can be grasped flexibly by the technical staff.
After cessation reaction, can add hot water to wash the gained product, until until pH is neutral.
Being applicable to decolouring of the present invention can comprise the following steps: add decolorizer after keeping vacuum to be warming up to 80-90 ℃, be warming up to subsequently 100-110 ℃, keep vacuum stirring to be not less than 10 minutes, filter subsequently to remove decolorizer, obtain bleached oil.
Be applicable to decolorizer of the present invention and include but not limited to natural clay, atlapulgite, active carbon, attapulgite etc., preferably sulfuric acid treated earth.
Being applicable to deodorization step of the present invention comprises: pass into nitrogen or water vapour and serve as the deodorization medium, vacuum is higher than 25mBarA, and at suitable temperature deodorization 45-120 minute, can abolish vacuum below 50 ℃, filter through the fat or oil composition of deodorization.
Those skilled in the art can adopt conventional technology to come content, the molecule of medium chain fatty acid in the test oil oil/fat composition to contain the content of the triglycerides of 2 medium chain fatty acid residues, and the content that contains the triglycerides of 3 medium chain fatty acid residues.
The present invention also comprises the fat or oil composition that adopts above-mentioned enzyme process or chemical catalysis to prepare.
The fat or oil composition of the present invention that obtains as mentioned above can be directly or mix and usually add to after the additive that uses in fat or oil composition for cooking as culinary fat or oil composition.
being applicable to additive of the present invention can comprise for improving storage stability, oxidation stability, heat endurance, the polyglyceryl fatty acid ester of the crystallization inhibition under low temperature etc., sucrose fatty ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, vitamin E, ascorbic acid aliphatic ester, xylan, ubiquinone, phosphatide, oryzanol, diglyceride etc., with the effect with prevention adult diseases, the effect of preventing life style-related diseases, antopxidation in organism, the inhibiting vitamin E of obesity, ascorbic acid aliphatic ester, xylan, ubiquinone, phosphatide, oryzanol etc.The addition of various additives can be the various additions of this area routine, also can do suitable adjustment according to practical use of fat or oil composition etc.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention can further be used for preparing the various oil and fat products that contain, and includes but not limited to pet food, flavouring, mayonnaise, margarine, snack categories, cake, beverage etc.
Different contain the fat or oil compositions of the present invention that oil and fat product can contain different amounts.For example, for fat or oil composition for cooking, it for example can contain 0.1-99.9 quality %(, and 1-90 quality %, 1-80 quality %, 1-50 quality % do not wait) fat or oil composition of the present invention.
Compared with prior art, fat or oil composition of the present invention also has the liver tg of reduction content except essential fatty acid nutritive is provided, improve the physiological function of lipoprotein metabolism, and safe, production cost is low, is convenient to industrialization promotion.Simultaneously do not lose good low-temperature stability, good local flavor and good non-oxidizability, and have with oil with common edible and be equal to cooking applicability, can be used for the multiple uses such as the cooking, frying, food processing.
Hereinafter will set forth the present invention in the mode of specific embodiment.Should be understood that these embodiment are only illustrative, and nonrestrictive.Scope of the present invention will be limited by the application's claim.The material that uses, reagent, reaction condition etc. except as otherwise noted, otherwise are the means of this area routine.
In following embodiment of the present invention, the enzyme process reactor feedstocks tank of use is available from Wuxi large grain grain and oil machinery equipment Co., Ltd; Molecular clock uses UIC equipment, with reference to the method for " molecularly distilled separating oil tea-seed oil ethyl oleate technical study " (Hu Wei etc., Chinese oil, the 38th the 8th phase of volume in 2011,49-52 page); Decoloration and deodorization carries out according to a conventional method.
Embodiment 1
With palm olein oil (beneficial Hai Jiali produce) and MCT(caprylic/capric=60/40) after 0.25:1 mixes in molar ratio, in the enzyme process reactor feedstocks of packing into tank, with 0.5 times of enzyme amount flow velocity per hour slowly by having added 2wt% raw material gross weight lipase (Lipozyme RM IM) packed column, carry out ester exchange reaction at 30 ℃, product obtains fat or oil composition 1 through 160 ℃ of molecular clocks, decoloration and deodorizations.
Embodiment 2
With rapeseed oil (beneficial Hai Jiali produce) and MCT(caprylic/capric=60/40) after 0.5:1 mixes in molar ratio, in the enzyme process reactor feedstocks of packing into tank, with 2 times of enzyme amount flow velocitys per hour slowly by having added 10wt% raw material gross weight lipase (Lipozyme TL IM) packed column, carry out ester exchange reaction at 60 ℃, product obtains fat or oil composition 2 through 190 ℃ of molecular clocks, decoloration and deodorizations.
Embodiment 3
With rapeseed oil (beneficial Hai Jiali produce) and MCT(caprylic/capric=60/40) after 0.5:1 mixes in molar ratio, at 90 ℃ of vacuum drying 5min, add the 0.2wt% sodium methoxide, stirring reaction 30min, then add 10wt% citric acid solution (concentration 8%) cessation reaction,, decolour until pH is neutral with the hot water washing, 200 ℃ of molecular clocks, deodorization obtains fat or oil composition 3.
Embodiment 4
With corn oil (beneficial Hai Jiali produce) and MCT(caprylic/capric=50/50) after 0.75:1 mixes in molar ratio, in the enzyme process reactor feedstocks of packing into tank, with 3 times of enzyme amount flow velocitys per hour slowly by having added 14wt% raw material gross weight lipase (Lipozyme TL IM) packed column, carry out ester exchange reaction at 70 ℃, product obtains fat or oil composition 4 through 230 ℃ of molecular clocks, decoloration and deodorizations.
With soybean oil (beneficial Hai Jiali produce) and MCT(caprylic/capric=50/50) after 1:1 mixes in molar ratio, at 120 ℃ of vacuum drying 15min, add 1wt%NaOH and glycerol mixture, stirring reaction 30min, then add 12wt% citric acid solution (concentration 10%) cessation reaction,, decolour until pH is neutral with the hot water washing, 200 ℃ of molecular clocks, deodorization obtains fat or oil composition 5.
Embodiment 6
With seed oil of sunflower (beneficial Hai Jiali produce) and MCT(caprylic/capric=60/40) after 1.25:1 mixes in molar ratio, in the enzyme process reactor feedstocks of packing into tank, with 1.5 times of enzyme amount flow velocitys per hour slowly by having added 6wt% raw material gross weight lipase (Lipozyme RM IM) packed column, carry out ester exchange reaction at 80 ℃, product obtains fat or oil composition 6 through 180 ℃ of molecular clocks, decoloration and deodorizations.
Embodiment 7
The 0.1g TBHQ is dissolved in 10g fat or oil composition 2 fully, then mixes by the 10:990 volume ratio with fat or oil composition 2, obtain fat or oil composition 7.
Composition and the medium chain fatty acid content of the fat or oil composition triglycerides of above embodiment see Table 1.
Table 1: fat or oil composition analysis (%)
Embodiment 8
Respectively 150g rapeseed oil, fat or oil composition 1, fat or oil composition 2, fat or oil composition 3, fat or oil composition 6, fat or oil composition 7 are packed in uncovered brown bottle, put into 63 ± 1 ℃ of constant temperature ovens, detect the peroxide value of each fat or oil composition with the oxidation stability of measure oil in the 10th day, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: peroxide value analysis (mmol/kg)
| PV（mmol/kg） | |
| Rapeseed oil | 12.34 |
| Fat or oil composition 1 | 10.78 |
| Fat or oil composition 2 | 11.02 |
| Fat or oil composition 3 | 12.56 |
| Fat or oil composition 6 | 11.35 |
| Fat or oil composition 7 | 6.10 |
The demonstration of table 2 result, the oxidation stability of fat or oil composition adds antioxidant can improve the oxidation stability of fat or oil composition with close with oil with common edible (as rapeseed oil).
Embodiment 9
(rapeseed oil: MCT=1:1w/w) (triglycerides of rapeseed oil, rapeseed oil and MCT ready-mixed oil and medium chain fatty acid content analysis such as table 3) carried out cooking test, studies the serviceability of each fat or oil composition to use respectively fat or oil composition 1,2,3,6,7, rapeseed oil (contrast), rapeseed oil and MCT mediation.Specifically by with above-mentioned grease parched rice meal and fry that cooking shredded potato comes to be fuming in the overall merit gastronomical process, grease foaming, local flavor and greasy feeling situation.Make evaluation by 25 subjective appreciation personnel, the results are shown in Table 4, wherein, parched rice meal raw material: 30g oil+300g rice+2g salt; Fry the cooking shredded potato raw material: 35g oil+200g cooking shredded potato+2g salt.
Table 3: fat or oil composition analysis (%)
Table 4: cooking result of the test
Annotate: evaluation criterion: 10-7 divides, and can use; 6-4 divides, but has some problems in using; 3-1 divides: can not use.
By serviceability result in table 4 as can be known, fat or oil composition of the present invention and oil with common edible (as rapeseed oil) have the cooking applicability that is equal to, and can substitute common edible oil and use.
Refrigeration test: respectively with fat or oil composition 1-7, rapeseed oil (contrast), rapeseed oil and MCT are in harmonious proportion (RSO:MCT=1:1w/w), heat to 130 ℃, immerse 0 ℃ of ice-water bath after filtering and place 5.5 hours, observe its outward appearance.Result is as shown in table 5, has found crystallization in fat or oil composition 1, and it is opaque that fat or oil composition 5 is sent out dim.
Table 5: refrigeration test result
| Refrigeration test (0 ℃) | |
| Rapeseed oil (contrast) | 10 |
| Rapeseed oil and MCT are in harmonious proportion | 8 |
| Fat or oil composition 1 | 4 |
| Fat or oil composition 2 | 10 |
| Fat or oil composition 3 | 10 |
| Fat or oil composition 4 | 9 |
| Fat or |
7 |
| Fat or oil composition 6 | 9 |
| Fat or oil composition 7 | 10 |
Annotate: take rapeseed oil as contrast, evaluation criterion: 10-7 divides, and can use; 6-4 divides, and has some problems in use; 3-1 divides: can not use.
Comparative example 1
After being diluted 1.5 times, fat or oil composition 2 use rapeseed oils obtain fat or oil composition 8.
Comparative example 2
After being diluted 3 times, fat or oil composition 2 use rapeseed oils obtain fat or oil composition 9.
Comparative example 3
With rapeseed oil (beneficial Hai Jiali produce) and MCT(caprylic/capric=60/40) after 3.25:1 mixes in molar ratio, in the enzyme process reactor feedstocks of packing into tank, with the 5ml/min flow velocity slowly by having added 10wt% raw material gross weight lipase (Lipozyme TL IM) packed column, carry out ester exchange reaction at 60 ℃, decoloration and deodorization obtains fat or oil composition 10.
Fat or oil composition triglycerides and the medium chain fatty acid content of comparative example see Table 6.
Table 6: the comparative example fat or oil composition is analyzed (%)
Embodiment 11
After feeding a week, the C57BL/6 male mice adaptability in 7 ages in week is divided at random 4 groups, every group 12, freely absorb the rapeseed oil that 12 weeks added 20wt% (beneficial Hai Jiali produces) (contrast) (Triglycerides and medium chain fatty acid content see Table 3) or fat or oil composition 2,8,9,10 feed.Feedstuff composition is as shown in table 7.Experimental foods is given with after 12 weeks, dissects 12 for every group, takes out liver, and detects TG in liver, detects simultaneously Serum HDL-C and LDL-C.Experimental result adopts SPSS17.0 to carry out one-way analysis of variance, raises the result of 12 all mouse as shown in table 8 and Fig. 1,2,3.
Table 7: feedstuff composition
Table 8: results of animal (raising for 12 weeks)
Annotate: data represent with mean+/-standard error.
* represent to compare P＜0.05 with control group, be significant difference
* represents to compare with control group P＜0.01, is highly significant difference
Compare with control group (rapeseed oil), the mouse liver TG content of feeding 12 all fat or oil compositions 2 shows extremely significantly low value, serum middle-high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C content shows extremely significantly high value, and LDL-C LDL-C content shows extremely significantly low value; Therefore fat or oil composition 2 has TG content in the liver of reduction, improves the function of lipoprotein metabolism; The mouse of feeding grease composition 8 only in liver TG content and serum LDL-C LDL-C content show extremely significantly low value, so fat or oil composition 8 has the liver of reduction TG content, can improve the function of lipoprotein metabolism; Feeding grease composition 9 is compared with control group (rapeseed oil) with 10, and liver TG content, HDL-C content, LDL-C content do not have significant difference.Therefore can judge from animal experiment, use medium chain fatty acid to account for the ratio of all fatty acids of fat or oil composition, and the molecule triglycerides that contains 2 medium chain fatty acid residues proportion within the scope of the present invention time the in whole triglycerides, compare with use contrast and comparative example fat or oil composition 9,10, more can reduce TG content in liver, better improve the metabolism of lipoprotein, the generation of prevention of obesity fatty liver.
Embodiment 12
Press the method for embodiment 11, use respectively fat or oil composition 1,3,4,5,6 to carry out animal feeding test, result shows, compares with contrast (rapeseed oil), fat or oil composition 1,3,4,5,6,7 can significantly reduce the content of triglycerides in mouse liver, improves the metabolism of lipoprotein.
Based on above-mentioned experimental result, medium chain fatty acid content in fat or oil composition＞20 quality %, 2M1L type content of triglyceride＞30 quality %, when 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride＞60 quality %, can obviously reduce in liver the level of LDL-C in TG content and serum, thereby can better improve the metabolism of lipoprotein, the generation of prevention of obesity fatty liver; When 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride were higher, its effect was more excellent.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention can reduce the content of triglycerides in liver, improves the metabolism of lipoprotein, and the generation of prevention of obesity fatty liver has with oil with common edible the cooking applicability that is equal to simultaneously, can substitute common edible oil and use.
Claims (14)
1. fat or oil composition, it is characterized in that, in described fat or oil composition, to account for the ratio of fat or oil composition all fatty acids be 25-35 quality % to medium chain fatty acid, molecule contains triglycerides proportion 〉=30 quality % in whole triglycerides of 2 medium chain fatty acid residues, and chain saturated fatty acids proportion in the whole LCFAs that consist of fat or oil composition is≤15 quality %.
2. fat or oil composition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, with the total restatement of described fat or oil composition, its 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=60 quality %, preferably, described 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=70 quality %, preferred, 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=80 quality %, preferred 2M1L type and 1M2L type content of triglyceride 〉=90 quality %.
3. fat or oil composition according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described fat or oil composition, the triglycerides that molecule contains 3 medium chain fatty acid residues is shared ratio≤5 quality % in whole triglycerides.
4. the described fat or oil composition of any one according to claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described composition also contains one or more and is selected from following antioxidant: TBHQ, butylated hydroxy anisole, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, vitamin E, Rosmarinus officinalis extract and tea extraction.
5. fat or oil composition for cooking, it contains the described fat or oil composition of any one according to claim 1-4.
6. a method for preparing any one fat or oil composition in claim 1-4, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
(1) raw oil material is mixed with medium chain triglyceride, obtain raw mix;
(2) by having added the lipase packed column of 2-14 quality % raw mix gross weight, carry out ester exchange reaction at 30-80 ℃ with 0.5-3 times of enzyme amount flow velocity per hour; With
(3) product at 160 ~ 230 ℃ by the molecular clock separation and purification, decoloration and deodorization then, thus prepare described fat or oil composition.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described lipase is selected from the lipase of alcaligenes, candida, Rhizopus, mucor or Pseudomonas, or from the liver phospholipase A.
8. a method for preparing any one fat or oil composition in claim 1-4, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Raw oil material is mixed with medium chain triglyceride, obtain raw mix;
At 90-120 ℃ of vacuum drying raw mix 10min, add to account for raw mix gross weight 0.1-2 quality % catalyst, raw oil material and medium chain triglyceride are reacted at the temperature of about 90-120 ℃;
Press the citric acid solution cessation reaction that raw mix gross weight 8-12 quality % adds concentration 6-10%;
The washed reaction product is until pH is neutral, and drying is decoloured, 160 ~ 230 ℃ of molecular clocks, and deodorization, thus obtain described fat or oil composition.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described catalyst is selected from the mixture of sodium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, NaOH and glycerine or the mixture of alkali metal and glycerine.
10. method as described in any one in claim 6-9, it is characterized in that, described raw oil material is natural animal oil, fat or vegetable oil, fat, preferably, described vegetable oil is soya-bean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, seed oil of sunflower, peanut, sesame, safflower seed oil, linseed oil, cottonseed oil, rice oil; Or described raw oil material is the processing grease of described natural animal oil, fat or vegetable oil, fat, is preferably through the grease of minute carrying and/or ester exchange processing obtains.
11. method as described in any one in claim 6-9 is characterized in that, raw oil material is 0.25 ~ 1.25:1 with the molar ratio that mixes of medium chain triglyceride.
12. the application of fat or oil composition as described in any one in claim 1-4 in the product of preparation minimizing liver fat.
13. a food, it contains the described fat or oil composition of any one in claim 1-4 or adopts the fat or oil composition that in claim 6-11, the described method of any one prepares.
14. food as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described food comprises animal foodstuff and human food.
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Application publication date: 20131106 Assignee: YIHAI JIALI FOOD MARKETING Co.,Ltd. Assignor: WILMAR (SHANGHAI) BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CENTER Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2022310000169 Denomination of invention: Fat composition for preventing obesity fatty liver and its preparation method Granted publication date: 20171027 License type: Common License Record date: 20221212 |
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