CN103378847A - Binary input circuit - Google Patents
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- CN103378847A CN103378847A CN2012101230181A CN201210123018A CN103378847A CN 103378847 A CN103378847 A CN 103378847A CN 2012101230181 A CN2012101230181 A CN 2012101230181A CN 201210123018 A CN201210123018 A CN 201210123018A CN 103378847 A CN103378847 A CN 103378847A
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Abstract
The invention provides a binary input circuit. The input circuit comprises a judging circuit, a linear voltage regulator and an electrical isolation component, wherein the judging circuit is coupled to the input ends of the input circuit and is used for outputting effective voltage when input voltage is higher than a predetermined threshold value; the linear voltage regulator is configured to be a constant voltage source, the input of the linear voltage regulator is coupled to the output of the judging circuit, and the linear voltage regulator outputs drive voltage when the output of the judging circuit is the effective voltage; the input of the electrical isolation component is coupled to the output of the linear voltage regulator, and the output of the electrical isolation component is coupled to the output end of the input circuit. When the output of the linear voltage regulator does not reach the drive voltage, the electrical isolation component outputs a first logic level; when the output of the linear voltage regulator is the drive voltage, the first logic level output by the electrical isolation component is switched into a second logic level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to input circuit, relates in particular to a kind of input circuit for the input of binary system amount is provided to micro-control unit.
Background technology
In the industrial automatic control process, usually utilize first detecting devices to detect and the collection site data, the data analysis to gathering by senior microprocessor or microcontroller is carried out corresponding action according to analysis result control relevant device at last again.This process can be applied in the various automation control systems.Below will this process be described as an example of the Digital Relay Protection Appliance in the electric power system example.
Fig. 1 exemplarily shows the structured flowchart of Digital Relay Protection Appliance.As shown in Figure 1, protective relaying device generally includes A/D sample circuit 110, binary system input (BI:Binary Input) circuit 120, microprocessor 130, binary system output (BO:Binary Output) circuit 140, communication unit 150, man-machine interface (HMI:Human Machine Interface) 160 and power module 170.In actual applications, in order to detect the voltage and current of the every phase of each section (phase) electricity in the electric power system, A/D sample circuit 110 generally includes a large amount of current transformer (CT:Current Transformer), voltage transformer (PT:Potential Transformer) and analog to digital converter (ADC:Analogue to Digital Converter), to gather required voltage and current data.Based on the data that A/D sample circuit 110 is collected, microprocessor 130 calculates the parameters of electric power system, for example electric current, voltage, phase sequence, power etc., and utilize relevant protection algorithm to judge whether occurred fault in the electric power system.In case the discovery fault, microprocessor 130 will send trip signal to the relative breaker in the electric power system by BO circuit 140 or other operating unit.In response to this trip signal, relative breaker is carried out the corresponding operation of threading off, and utilizes its operation mechanism deenergization to connect.Like this, rapid disengagement failure circuit just, and keep other parts of electric power system normally to move.
In said process; protective relaying device is except utilizing A/D to adopt circuit 110 monitorings, gather the analog quantity; also to utilize the state of each outside relay in BI circuit 120 electric power monitoring systems; for example, the state (connecting or disjunction) of the state of circuit breaker (disconnection, closed or dropout) and isolating switch (Switch disconnector).Each BI passage needs to be connected to the contact of an outside relay, for example the auxiliary contact of circuit breaker.Like this, just can identify the logic state of the contact that is attached thereto by the input voltage that detects the BI passage.For example, if the input voltage of BI passage is higher than a predetermined threshold, show that then the logic state of contact for example is " 1 ", expression connects.Otherwise the logic state of this contact for example is " 0 ", the expression disjunction.
Yet in the electric power system of reality, these outside relays may be with the power supply of different rated voltage, for example direct voltage 24V, 48V, 60V, 110V, 125V, 220V or 250V, perhaps for example alternating voltage 115V or 230V.This voltage that just requires each BI passage of BI circuit can receive under the different rated voltages is inputted, and correspondingly disposes different threshold voltages.For example, if certain outside relay with 110V direct current supply, then for the input voltage of logical one, its threshold voltage should be direct current 88V.If another outside relay is with 220V direct current supply, then the threshold voltage of its logical one should be direct current 176V.Therefore, the BI circuit need one can be neatly and the BI passage of on-the-spot actual demand coupling.
A kind of module for judging D. C. voltage switching quantitative input state is disclosed among, the Chinese patent application No.200410014252.6 disclosed on January 5th, 2005.This switching value input state judge module utilizes Zener diode that input voltage is carried out threshold decision, and utilizes triode to provide constant operating current for the optocoupler that serves as electric isolated component.Particularly, when input voltage is lower than threshold value, triode by, do not work with the optocoupler that the collector electrode of triode is connected, module is output as high level.Otherwise, when input voltage is higher than threshold value, the triode conducting, optocoupler work, module is output as low level.This judge module needs to be a plurality of elements such as the corresponding biasing resistor of triode arrangement, current-limiting resistance because adopting triode to do switch element in the module.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to propose a kind of novel binary system input circuit, and it is simple in structure and have good stability and a consistency.Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of novel binary system input circuit, and it can be complementary from the binary system input variable of different rated voltage power supplies neatly.
According to one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of input circuit of binary system amount, it is characterized in that: this input circuit comprises: input is used for receiving input voltage; Output is used for output the first logic level or the second logic level; Decision circuitry is coupled to described input, is used for exporting when described input voltage is higher than a predetermined threshold effective voltage; Linear voltage regulator, it is configured to constant pressure source, and its input is coupled to the output of described decision circuitry, and exports a driving voltage when described decision circuitry is output as effective voltage; The electricity isolated component, the output of described linear voltage regulator is coupled in its input, and described output is coupled in its output; Wherein, when the output of described linear voltage regulator did not reach described driving voltage, described electric isolated component was exported the first logic level; When described linear voltage regulator was output as described driving voltage, the output of described electric isolated component switched to the second logic level from the first logic level.Wherein, described electric isolated component is preferably optocoupler.
Preferably, described linear voltage regulator comprises at least: pressurizer input K, output end of voltage stabilizer A and pressure feedback port V
REFWherein, described pressure feedback port is used for receiving the output voltage V of described output end of voltage stabilizer A
ASampled value, export a constant described driving voltage Vd to control described output end of voltage stabilizer A.More preferably, linear voltage regulator is configured to constant pressure source by the series connection bleeder circuit.This series connection bleeder circuit is coupled to described output end of voltage stabilizer A, and described pressure feedback port V
REFBe connected to the dividing point of described series connection bleeder circuit, the size of divider resistance has determined the size of the driving voltage Vd of described output end of voltage stabilizer A output in the wherein said series connection bleeder circuit.
Thus, compare with existing binary system input circuit, the present invention proposes utilizes linear voltage regulator, and linear voltage regulator is configured to constant pressure source drives for example design of optocoupler, simple in structure, component number is few, cost is low.And because linear voltage regulator has current-limiting function, thereby the input circuit of so design has good stability and consistency.In addition, do not need electric capacity to carry out filtering because linear voltage regulator is configured to constant pressure source, thereby be minimized the rise time.Therefore, generally speaking, the input circuit that the present invention proposes can be realized gratifying performance with low cost.
Alternatively, can comprise a Zener diode D2 according to the described decision circuitry in the input circuit of the present invention, the reverse breakdown voltage of this Zener diode is described threshold voltage.Alternatively, described decision circuitry can also comprise: the connection that is one another in series of two or more Zener diodes, these Zener diodes; At least one bypass jumper switch, each bypass jumper switch is connected across the two ends of a described Zener diode, is used for optionally this Zener diode of bypass.Alternatively, described decision circuitry can be connected in the path of described input voltage.
Thus, because linear voltage regulator has wider input voltage range (for example from tens volts to several hectovolts),, thereby a needs utilizes the different threshold voltage of wire jumper configuration just can adapt to the binary system input variable of different rated voltages under powering in input circuit according to the present invention.
In addition, preferably, described input circuit also comprises the rectification circuit that is connected between described input and the described decision circuitry, and it can comprise a rectifier diode or a rectifier bridge.Wherein rectifier bridge can be used for receiving ambipolar input voltage.
In addition, preferably, described input circuit also comprises low pass filter, and it is coupling between the output and described output of described electric isolated component.Utilize low pass filter can filtering will flow to High-frequency Interference in the signal of microprocessor.More preferably, described input circuit also comprises the Schmidt trigger circuit that is coupled to described output.Utilize Schmidt trigger circuit to carry out shaping to the logical signal of output, and the interference of not expecting that can further avoid near the fluctuation of input voltage threshold voltage to bring of the lag function in the Schmidt trigger circuit.
Moreover, provide stable driving in order to give the optocoupler as electric isolated component, preferably also comprise a storage capacitor C1 according to input circuit of the present invention, it is coupled to the output terminals A of described linear voltage regulator.More preferably, this input circuit also comprises a storage capacitor C2, and it is coupled to the output of described decision circuitry.The effect of storage capacitor C1 and C2 is when voltage fluctuation, for subsequent conditioning circuit provides instantaneous electric energy, to strengthen the stability of whole circuit.
In addition, input circuit proposed by the invention can be applied in multiple different industrial control field.Preferably, described input circuit can be used for the numerical protection relay equipment.
Description of drawings
Purpose of the present invention, characteristics, feature and advantage will become more apparent by the detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the structured flowchart of protective relaying device in the prior art;
Fig. 2 exemplarily shows the according to an embodiment of the invention structured flowchart of input circuit;
Fig. 3 exemplarily shows the in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention structured flowchart of input circuit;
Fig. 4 exemplarily shows the in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention test result of input circuit.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing each embodiment of the present invention is described.By following description, above-mentioned advantage of the present invention will be more readily understood.
Fig. 2 exemplarily shows the according to an embodiment of the invention structured flowchart of binary system amount input circuit.As shown in Figure 2, binary system input circuit 200 comprises input 210 (BI_IN and COM), output 220, decision circuitry 230, circuit voltage stabilizer 240, electric isolated component 250.
As shown in Figure 2, input 210 can comprise two terminal BI_IN_1 and COM.Wherein BI_IN_1 can be connected to a lead-in wire of the contact of an outside relay, and COM can be connected to another lead-in wire of this contact.Usually, COM can be used as the common port of different input variables, and it is generally ground (GOUND).Preferably, on every each and every one path, terminal place of input, also be provided with current-limiting resistance R1 and R2, damage element to avoid large electric current.Output 220 among Fig. 2 is used for being connected to a microprocessor, so that the logic level that will identify according to the input voltage vin of input 210 (" 1 " or " 0 ") sends to microprocessor.As previously mentioned, because input 210 is directly connected to outside relay, its input voltage vin may be for example rated direct voltage 24V, 48V, 60V, 110V, 125V, 220V or 250V, perhaps for example alternating voltage 115V or 230V.Output 220 is because being connected to microprocessor, and its output voltage need to be complementary with the input voltage range of microprocessor, for example is 0-5V.
In an embodiment of the present invention, linear voltage regulator 240 all is configured to a constant pressure source.Fig. 2 has provided the example of a constant pressure source configuration the simplest, that is, and and at output end of voltage stabilizer A coupling one series connection bleeder circuit 241.Series connection bleeder circuit 241 can comprise a plurality of series resistances.The dividing point B of series connection bleeder circuit 241 is connected to the pressure feedback port V of pressurizer 240
REFIn example shown in Figure 2, series connection bleeder circuit 241 preferably includes resistance R 3 and the R4 of two series connection.V
REFObtain V from resistance R 3
AValue of feedback.Like this, by the size of choose reasonable resistance R 3 and R4, the output V of linear voltage regulator 240
ACan be configured to constant driving voltage Vd at for example 5V.
Particularly, suppose that linear voltage regulator 240 adopts the pressurizer LR8 of Supertex company, its inner V
AAnd V
REFBetween pressure reduction constant in 1.20V, and at V
REFThe end current limliting is at for example I
ADJ=10 μ A so then can obtain at pressurizer input V
KBe effective value (V
KDuring for example greater than 13.2V) time, it exports V
AOr be called Vd and be:
V
A＝Vd＝1.20V*(1+R3/R4)+I
ADJ*R3。
For so that linear voltage regulator 240 work is more stable, preferably in capacitor C 1 of its output terminals A coupling.More preferably, be current-limiting resistance R5 who connects with it of capacitor C 1 configuration, the charging current of electric capacity when powering on to be limited in pressurizer 240.
In input circuit 200, also disposed electric isolated component 250, be used for input voltage and the microprocessor side of input 210 are kept apart, in order to avoid from the large voltage of input 210 or the element of electric current damage microprocessor side.Preferably, electric isolated component can be selected optocoupler as shown in Figure 2.Certainly, as known to those skilled in the art, electric isolated component can also adopt other can realize the element of electricity isolation.In Fig. 2, the anodic bonding of the light-emitting diode of optocoupler is to the output of linear voltage regulator 240, and the negative electrode of light-emitting diode is connected to the COM end via current-limiting resistance R6.Here, R5 and R6 all can regard the current-limiting resistance of optocoupler as.The phototriode of optocoupler is coupled to output 220.Particularly, the collector electrode of phototriode via a pull-up resistor R7 be connected to the power Vcc of microprocessor side=+ 5V, its emitter-base bandgap grading is connected to the ground (GND) of microprocessor side.
Thus, when the input voltage vin at input 210 places is lower than the threshold voltage vt h (for example 88V) of Zener diode D2 in the decision circuitry 230, decision circuitry namely do not have electric current to flow into linear voltage regulator 240, thereby linear voltage regulator 240 is not worked without effective output.At this moment, the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler 250 cause phototriode to turn-off, thereby the output of output 220 (Vout) is a logic high V also because not lighting from the drive current of linear voltage regulator 240
H(for example 5V).On the contrary, when the input voltage vin at input 210 places is higher than the threshold voltage vt h (for example 88V) of Zener diode D2 in the decision circuitry 230, decision circuitry output effective voltage, electric current flows into linear voltage regulator 240, thereby the driving voltage of linear voltage regulator 240 stable outputs, as+5V.Like this, the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler 250 is lighted under the driving of linear voltage regulator 240, the phototriode conducting, and and then so that the output Vout of output 220 from a logic high V
HSwitch to a logic low V
L(for example 0V).
Fig. 3 exemplarily shows input circuit 300 according to another embodiment of the invention.In Fig. 3, linear voltage regulator 240 and the optocoupler 250 of input circuit 300 are same as shown in Figure 2, repeat no more here.Different from Fig. 3 is that input circuit 300 also comprises rectifier bridge 360, the decision circuitry 330 with wire jumper, storage capacitor C2, filter 370 and Schmidt trigger 380.
Particularly, decision circuitry 330 comprises Zener diode D3 and the D4 of two series connection as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, the two ends cross-over connection of D3 has bypass jumper switch J3.According to actual needs, optionally conducting of bypass jumper switch J3 is with bypass Zener diode D3.For example, suppose that the threshold voltage of each Zener diode is 88V, if wire jumper J3 disconnects so, then two Zener diode D3 and D4 series connection, correspondingly the threshold voltage of this decision circuitry 330 is 2*88=176V.When the J3 conducting, only have Zener diode D4 to work, the threshold voltage of decision circuitry 330 is 88V.Certainly, it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the demand according to actual threshold voltage, the number of Zener diode, connected mode, and the threshold value of each Zener diode all can be carried out flexible choice.
In addition, in input circuit shown in Figure 3, preferably, substituted the single rectifier diode among Fig. 2 with rectifier bridge 360.The using of rectifier bridge 360 can adapt to input voltage vin and be the situation of bipolar voltage.Here, the design main purpose of rectification circuit is to avoid reverse current to damage circuit element termination inverse time in input.
Moreover, in example shown in Figure 3 also preferably at storage capacitor C2 of the input K of linear voltage regulator 240 coupling.The purpose of capacitor C 2 and C1 all is for stable drive current is provided to optocoupler.The storage capacitor C2 that is coupling in pressurizer input K can when input voltage vin fluctuates, supply with for linear voltage regulator 240 provides instantaneous electric energy.And the capacitor C 1 that is coupling in output terminals A is the output V at linear voltage regulator 240
AInstantaneous electric energy compensation is provided during fluctuation.
In addition, at outlet side, circuit 200 shown in Figure 3 also comprises a low-pass filter circuit 370 and a Schmidt trigger circuit 380 alternatively.As shown in Figure 3, low-pass filter circuit 370 for example comprises the RC low-pass filter circuit that is made of resistance R 8 and capacitor C 3, will send into the High-frequency Interference in the signal of microprocessor with filtering.Schmidt trigger circuit 380 preferably is arranged between the output of low-pass filter circuit and the output 220 or is directly coupled to output 220, be used for the signal of optocoupler output is carried out waveform shaping, and Schmidt trigger circuit also provides lag function, thereby can avoid disturbing because of near the fluctuate threshold voltage signal that brings of input voltage.Waveform after Schmidt trigger circuit 380 shapings is square wave substantially.
Fig. 4 shows the test result according to BI circuit 300 shown in Figure 3.As shown in Figure 4, the rising response time from the low logic level to the high logic level is probably at 500 μ s, and the decline response time from the high logic level to the low logic level is at about 1.3ms, and not obviously fluctuation of output signal.
Compare with existing BI circuit, the present invention proposes utilizes linear voltage regulator, and it is configured to the design that constant pressure source drives optocoupler, simple in structure, component number is few, cost is low.And because linear voltage regulator has current-limiting function, thereby the BI stability of channel and the consistency that so design are good.In addition, do not need large electric capacity to form constant-current source because linear voltage regulator is configured to constant pressure source, thereby be minimized the rise time.Therefore, generally speaking, the BI circuit that the present invention proposes can be realized gratifying performance with low cost.In addition, because the wide input voltage range of linear voltage regulator, thereby the BI circuit that the present invention proposes can dispose relevant threshold value by the change wire jumper, just can adapt to the input variable under the different rated voltages.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that top disclosed each embodiment can make various changes and modification in the situation that does not depart from invention essence, these changes and modification all should drop within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited by appending claims.
Claims (13)
1. the input circuit of a binary system amount, it is characterized in that: this input circuit (200,300) comprising:
Input (210) is used for receiving input voltage (Vin);
Output (220) is used for output the first logic level (V
H) or the second logic level (V
L);
Decision circuitry (230) is coupled to described input (210), is used for exporting when described input voltage (Vin) is higher than a predetermined threshold (Vth) effective voltage (Ve);
Linear voltage regulator (240), it is configured to constant pressure source, and its input is coupled to the output of described decision circuitry (230), and exports a driving voltage (Vd) when described decision circuitry (230) is output as effective voltage (Ve);
Electricity isolated component (250), the output of described linear voltage regulator (240) is coupled in its input, and described output (220) is coupled in its output;
Wherein, described electric isolated component is configured to when the output of described linear voltage regulator (240) does not reach described driving voltage (Vd), described electric isolated component (250) output the first logic level (V
H); When described linear voltage regulator (240) was output as described driving voltage (Vd), the output of described electric isolated component was from the first logic level (V
H) switch to the second logic level (V
L).
2. input circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described linear voltage regulator (240) comprises at least: pressurizer input (K), output end of voltage stabilizer (A) and pressure feedback port (V
REF);
Wherein, described pressure feedback port (V
REF) for the output voltage (V that receives described output end of voltage stabilizer (A)
A) sampled value, to control the constant described driving voltage (Vd) of described output end of voltage stabilizer (A) output one.
3. input circuit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described input circuit (200,300) comprising:
Series connection bleeder circuit (R3, R4), it is coupled to described output end of voltage stabilizer (A), and described pressure feedback port (V
REF) be connected to the dividing point (B) of described series connection bleeder circuit, wherein said series connection bleeder circuit (R3, R4) size of divider resistance (R3, R4) has determined the size of the driving voltage (Vd) of described output end of voltage stabilizer (A) output in.
4. input circuit as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described decision circuitry (230) comprises a Zener diode (D2), and the reverse breakdown voltage of this Zener diode is described threshold voltage (Vth).
5. input circuit as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described decision circuitry (330) comprising:
The connection that is one another in series of two or more Zener diodes (D3, D4), these Zener diodes;
At least one bypass jumper switch (J3), its each be connected across the two ends of a described Zener diode (D3), be used for optionally this Zener diode of bypass.
6. such as claim 4 or 5 described input circuits, it is characterized in that described decision circuitry (230,330) is connected in the path of described input voltage.
7. input circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described input circuit (200,300) also comprises the rectification circuit that is connected between described input (210) and the described decision circuitry (230).
8. input circuit as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described rectification circuit comprises a rectifier diode (D1) or a rectifier bridge (360).
9. input circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described input circuit (300) also comprises low pass filter (370), and it is coupling between the output and described output (220) of described electric isolated component (250).
10. input circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described input circuit (300) also comprises the Schmidt trigger circuit (380) that is coupled to described output (220).
11. input circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described input circuit (300) also comprises a storage capacitor (C2), it is coupled to described decision circuitry (230,330) output, with when the output pulsation of described decision circuitry (230,330), for subsequent conditioning circuit provides instantaneous electric energy.
12. input circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described input circuit (200,300) also comprises a storage capacitor (C1), and it is coupled to the output (A) of described linear voltage regulator (230).
13. input circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described electric isolated component is optocoupler.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210123018.1A CN103378847B (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Binary input circuit |
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| CN201210123018.1A CN103378847B (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Binary input circuit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105471419A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-04-06 | 西门子公司 | Binary input circuit |
| CN106878864A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Power circuit and audio frequency apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823441C1 (en) * | 1998-05-19 | 1999-07-08 | Siemens Ag | Digital input assembly for data processing system |
| CN101964653A (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-02-02 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Switching value input circuit |
| CN202798651U (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-03-13 | 西门子电力自动化有限公司 | Binary input circuit |
-
2012
- 2012-04-24 CN CN201210123018.1A patent/CN103378847B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823441C1 (en) * | 1998-05-19 | 1999-07-08 | Siemens Ag | Digital input assembly for data processing system |
| CN101964653A (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-02-02 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Switching value input circuit |
| CN202798651U (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-03-13 | 西门子电力自动化有限公司 | Binary input circuit |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105471419A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-04-06 | 西门子公司 | Binary input circuit |
| CN105471419B (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2019-01-25 | 西门子公司 | Two-value input circuit |
| CN106878864A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Power circuit and audio frequency apparatus |
| CN106878864B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2020-07-10 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Power supply circuit and audio device |
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| CN103378847B (en) | 2016-11-23 |
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