CN103374817A - Short fiber with microfiber structure, filter felt, and manufacturing method of filter felt - Google Patents
Short fiber with microfiber structure, filter felt, and manufacturing method of filter felt Download PDFInfo
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- CN103374817A CN103374817A CN2012101098262A CN201210109826A CN103374817A CN 103374817 A CN103374817 A CN 103374817A CN 2012101098262 A CN2012101098262 A CN 2012101098262A CN 201210109826 A CN201210109826 A CN 201210109826A CN 103374817 A CN103374817 A CN 103374817A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a short fiber with a microfiber structure, a filter felt, and a manufacturing method of the filter felt. The short fiber is para-position aromatic polyamide fiber with the Schopper degree of 15-25 SR and the length of 30mm-70mm. After the fiber is independently used or mixed with one of other heat-resisting fibers or a mixture of the heat-resisting fibers, the filter felt product with high filtering precision is manufactured. The filter felt has high filtering precision, and can be used for removing atmospheric dust with the level of 2.5 microns.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fiber for filtering material and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of staple fibre that contains microfibrillar structure and preparation method thereof.The invention still further relates to a kind of filter felt of being made by the staple fibre that contains microfibrillar structure and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Contraposition aromatic amides fiber, chemical name: Fanglun 1414, be called for short Fanglun l414 fiber or para-aramid fiber, the PPTA condensate obtains a kind of high strength and resistant to elevated temperatures fiber filament by fiber spinning from crystalline state, can stand 200 ℃ operating temperature under the dry condition.The structure of fibril under cover in its fibre structure, and commercially available fiber to be a kind of cross section be fiber circular, that the surface is very bright and clean, the diameter of fiber is at 10～30 microns.
The selected filter material of high temperature resistance filtration material of making at present, mainly contain para-aramid fiber, meta-aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibre, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, your azoles fiber of glass fibre, Evil etc., or use separately, or mix and use, the diameter of these fibers is substantially between 6 microns to 50 microns, by present filtration requirement, mainly by 10 microns dust-filtering effect test, these filtrates all can reach the relevant criterion of country.But, along with country further improves the requirement of air quality management, as releasing the monitoring requirement of PM2.5 index, adopt conventional fibre to prepare filtrate, be difficult to reach 2.5 microns dust-filtering requirement.Although the technology of coated filter material is arranged now, coated filter material in use, filter bag shakes repeatedly flushing repeatedly, easy coming off very, service life is far away from non-coated filter material; Coated filter material brings windage to improve simultaneously, and energy consumption is larger in dust removal process.
In the prior art, Fanglun slurry cake has the fibrillation structure, see the preparation method of PPTA-pulp of Yantai Polyurethane Fibre Co., Ltd and product (Chinese invention patent application number: 200810225082.4), Yizheng Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd., SINOPEC, South China Science ﹠ Engineering University prepares the method (Chinese invention patent application number: 200810244770.5) of PPTA-pulp by the p-aramid fiber waste silk chopped fiber, the preparation method of the PPTA-pulp of Donghua University (Chinese invention patent application number: 02138112.7), 200810035456.6) and a kind of manufacture method of Fanglun slurry cake (Chinese invention patent application number: 03129083.3) etc. the method (Chinese invention patent application number: of producing Fanglun slurry cake by waste aramid material of Shanghai Yiji Sci-Tech Co., Ltd., although the Xiao Baierdu of these pulps can reach 25SR～40SR, but these pulp length are extremely short, generally only has 0.1～5 millimeter, usually be used for friction and seal as filler, can't be used for carding and make filter felt.
Summary of the invention
For above shortcomings in the prior art, one of technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure.
Two of technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the preparation method of described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide.
The filter felt that three of technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide by containing microfibrillar structure separately or is mixed with other heat resistance fiber, this filter felt has high filtering precision, can be used for removing the atmospheric dust of 2.5 micron levels.
Four of technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the preparation method of described filter felt.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure, the Xiao Baierdu 15～25SR of its fiber, staple length is at 30～70 millimeters.
For obtaining can be used for the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure of textile process, must control the Xiao Baierdu index of fiber and the length index of fiber well, fiber is in the processing procedure of fibrillation, fiber is easy to be cut off in beater, studies show that when Xiao Baierdu is lower than 15SR, the fibrillation degree of fiber is not enough, make the atmospheric dust that effectively to remove 2.5 micron levels behind the filter felt, as Xiao Baierdu during greater than 25SR, because the fibrillation degree is excessive, it is serious to tangle between the fiber, and makes the shredding of fiber very difficult, can not carry out textile process.
In pulping process, beater produces cutting action to fiber, if 30～70 millimeters available fibre length that will keep weaving is very difficult.Introduced a kind of preprocess method among the present invention, make fiber before entering beater, obtain loose structure through processing, so that the easier formation fibrillation of fiber, thereby the mechanicals efforts in the reduction processing procedure, reduce beater to the cutting action of fiber, keep the length of fiber.
The present invention also provides the above-mentioned preparation method who contains the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide of microfibrillar structure, with contraposition aromatic polyamide long filament, cut into 50～100 millimeters, preferably cut into 80～100 millimeters, impregnation process in puffing adjuvant, through making beating beating 30～90 minutes, make the described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure again.
Wherein, described puffing adjuvant is the ethanolic solution of dioctyl phthalate, the mass percentage concentration of the dioctyl phthalate in the described puffing adjuvant is 5～20wt%, the weight ratio of puffing adjuvant and short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide is 5: 1～20: 1, and impregnation process is 1～5 hour at normal temperatures.
Described making beating beating step is carried out in beater, and this beater can be the conventional open type beater that uses in the paper.Short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide in beater and water form mixing suspension, and the weight mixing ratio of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide and water is 1: 50～1: 200, and circular flow is 2～10 tons/minute.
Comprise that also after the described making beating beating step, dry and pack, bake out temperature is 100～150 ℃, dried moisture content is at 3～6wt%.
Can obtain from the market conventional p-aromatic polyamide fiber long filament, the long filament specification can be more long filament volume of crin bundle of 1100 dawn, 1500 dawn, 3300 dawn or other, and the monofilament fineness of this long filament is below 2 dawn, and intensity is more than 15cN/dtex.The para-aramid fiber that the para-aramid fiber that para-aramid fiber, the Yantai of the Tawron brand fiber that this class long filament can be E.I.Du Pont Company's Kavlar brand fiber of producing, Supreme Being people company produces, the para-aramid fiber of Korea S Hyosung Corporation, Korea S Cologne company is calm and peaceful and other company produce etc.
A plurality of filaments are intervolved and boundling, form 50,000 the dawn～tow at 200,000 dawn, then cut off, shearing length is controlled at 50～100 millimeters staple fibre.
Can buy dioctyl phthalate from the market, in the preliminary treatment still, dioctyl phthalate is dissolved in the ethanol, the mass percentage concentration that is modulated into dioctyl phthalate is the puffing adjuvant of 5～20wt%, the staple fibre of above-mentioned cut-out is poured in the preliminary treatment still according to 5: 1～20: 1 the ratio of weight ratio of puffing adjuvant and short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide, mix, impregnation process is 1～5 hour at normal temperatures, remove the finish of fiber surface, and make the fiber swelling, make the structure of fiber become loose.
Staple fibre behind the puffing adjuvant pretreatment, after the water cleaning, then through the conventional open type beater making beating of using in the paper, short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide in beater/water mixing suspension weight mixing ratio is 1: 50～1: 200, circular flow is 2～10 tons of per minutes, suspension one edge water (flow) direction circulates in oval-shaped pond in the beater pond, the paddle wheel of economy-combat on one side knocking, fiber after swelling is loose is after the process beating, be hidden in the surface that fento in the fiber is separated fiber gradually, be attached on the trunk fiber.After the circulation beating 30～90 minutes, the quantity of fento reaches desirable state, uses Xiao Baier--and the method for testing of Rui Gelefa records its Xiao Baierdu at 15～25SR.
The staple fibre with microfibrillar structure that is shifted out from beater contains a large amount of moisture, through the chain-and-slat drying machine oven dry, and 100～150 ℃ of bake out temperatures, dried moisture content is 3～6%.
Staple fibre is delivered into baling press with blower fan, the moulding of packing at last.
The fento diameter that has in the Fanglun l414 staple fibre of microfibrillar structure does not wait at 0.5～2 micron, and quantity is very many, and mutually intersects, and quantity, the form of testing separately fento can not realize.The method of testing of a kind of Xiao Baier-Rui Gelefa is quoted in invention, solves the problem of the total body burden of evaluation fento.Xiao Baier-Rui Gelefa is generally used for testing the fibrillation degree of papermaking pulp, and the fibrillation degree is higher, and the lock outlet capacity is stronger, both are directly proportional, when Xiao Baierdu is 8SR, the material of surveying substantially without the lock outlet capacity, when Xiao Baierdu was 100SR, object being measured possessed the strongest lock outlet capacity.Quote the method among the present invention and measured the content of inventing fento in the extraordinary Fanglun l414 fiber that obtains, the characteristics that possess a lock water function based on fento, measure the fiber Xiao Baierdu of fixed qty by standard GB/T/T3332-1982, evaluate the content of fento, the Xiao Baidu index is high, show that this fiber lock outlet capacity is strong, fento content is just large.
Fanglun l414 staple fibre through after the fibrillation although its intensity is lost, still can satisfy general filtrate to the requirements of fibre strength, and its intensity is more than 5cN/dtex, and ordinary filter uses the intensity of heat resistance fiber more than 3cN/dtex.
In the beating process, beater forms a kind of shear action to fiber, the beating time is longer, fiber is subjected to the shear action frequency higher, fiber is shorter, fiber length and beating time correlation, process circulation beating 30～90 minutes, the length of the Fanglun l414 staple fibre after the process fibrillation is controlled at 30～70 millimeters.This length is to be suitable for the moderate length of traditional filter material in becoming net processing, although different distribution of lengths is arranged in the fibrous mass, does not affect it and becomes net and effect into the net, mixes with conventional other heat resistance fiber simultaneously, also can become net.
Contain abundant fento through the Fanglun l414 staple fibre after the fibrillation, Fanglun l414 staple fibre trunk fiber mutually intersects and tangle to form the trunk fiber web, carried most one-tenth web frame intensity, and fento mutually intersects to tangle and has formed countless micropores, the mesh quantity that the quantity of these micropores unconventional trunk fiber far away intersects to form, porosity improves, these micropores evenly distribute and are fine simultaneously, significantly improved filtering accuracy, increase the collision probability of dust granules, the particle that particle diameter is very little can not be from the space by being hunted down.Can effectively filter the microparticle below the PM2.5.
The present invention also provides a kind of filter felt with high filtering precision, is made separately by the described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure, or is mixed with other heat-resisting staple fibre.
Wherein, when the described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure mixed with other heat-resisting staple fibres, weight part ratio was: short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide 15～100 weight portions, other heat-resisting staple fibre 0-85 weight portions.Be preferably: short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide 20～100 weight portions, other heat-resisting staple fibre 10-80 weight portions.More preferably: short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide 30～100 weight portions, other heat-resisting staple fibre 10-70 weight portions.
Wherein, described other heat-resisting staple fibre is selected from a kind of or its mixture in polyphony thioether short fiber, meta-aramid staple fibre, polytef flocks, Evil that azoles fiber and the glass fibre.
The basic weight of filter felt is 300～900g/m
2, be preferably 350～550g/m
2
The present invention also provides described preparation method with high filtering precision filter felt, comprises following steps:
(1) the described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure is evenly mixed the shredding carding with other heat-resisting staple fibre;
(2) Application standard combing and cross winding equipment are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection with these web of staple fibers;
(3) on standard needing machine or spun-laced machine with the fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforce, the fine felt more than two is merged, and acupuncture or water sting to make described filter felt on the two sides;
(4) in the filter felt processing of standard, adopt without the form of base cloth or the mutually compound form of base cloth that adopts filter course net felt and other heat resistance fiber yarn to be made into.
The quality of described base cloth is 80～200g/m
2
Described base cloth is made by polyphony thioether short fiber yarn, meta-aramid short fiber yarn, polytef flocks filament yarn, Evil that azoles short fiber yarn or filament of glass fiber yarn.
Adopting of described base cloth has following principle, heat resistance is higher than under 250 ℃ the operating mode or under the extremely strong operating mode of corrosivity, the base cloth of generally selecting the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filament yarn to make is such as in the dedusting of cement produced with the dry method kiln exit gas or the filtrate that uses in the dedusting at garbage incinerating tail gas; Under 200 ℃ operating mode, and have under certain corrosivity operating mode, the base cloth that normal operation polyphony thioether short fiber yarn is made is such as the filtrate that uses in the tails dedusting of coal-burning boiler or coal-burning power plant; Below 220 ℃, and do not corrode or have under the work condition environment of minute quantity corrosion, the base cloth that normal operation meta-aramid short fibre yarn, Evil that azoles short fibre yarn or fiberglass filament yarn are made is such as the filtrate that uses in the tails dedusting of cement produced with the dry method kiln hood, blast furnace gas, sintering machine of steel mill head, steel mill's electric smelter, Metallurgical Factory's electric smelter, pitch smelting furnace; The grammes per square metre scope of base cloth is at 80～200g/m
2, main radial strength according to base cloth satisfies more than the 850N, latitudinal strength satisfies more than 400N.
The main principle that described other heat-resisting staple fibre is selected is, heat resistance is higher than under 250 ℃ the operating mode or under the extremely strong operating mode of corrosivity, generally select polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, such as in the dedusting of cement produced with the dry method kiln exit gas or the filtrate that uses in the dedusting at garbage incinerating tail gas; Under 200 ℃ operating mode, and have under certain corrosivity operating mode, the normal operation polyphony thioether short fiber is such as the filtrate that uses in the tails dedusting of coal-burning boiler or coal-burning power plant; Below 220 ℃, and do not corrode or have under the work condition environment of minute quantity corrosion, normal operation meta-aramid, Evil that azoles staple fibre or glass are such as the filtrate that uses in the tails dedusting of cement produced with the dry method kiln hood, blast furnace gas, sintering machine of steel mill head, steel mill's electric smelter, Metallurgical Factory's electric smelter, pitch smelting furnace.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
Making beating beating technology of the present invention has been transformed into the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide of any surface finish, cross section rounding to have the form that a large amount of fentos are attached to a kind of special short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide of trunk fiber surface, contain the filter felt of this short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide with microfibrillar structure or contain that these fibers mix with other heat-resisting staple fibre and the filter felt made has higher filtering accuracy, can improve 2.5 micron dust filter efficiencies, improved the ability that air pollution treatment under the PM2.5 index condition is administered in the relevant enterprise reply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is conventional Fanglun l414 fibrous structure chart;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart that embodiment 1 contains the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide of microfibrillar structure.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) cutting fiber:
The contraposition aromatic polyamide long filament volume of 1600 dawn specifications of Kevlar 29 brands of employing E.I.Du Pont Company production intervolves a strand tow that formed for 80,000 dawn with 50 silks, then is 90 millimeters staple fibre with guillotine type cutting machine cut-out formation length.
(2) preparation puffing adjuvant:
In the preliminary treatment still, 75 kilograms dioctyl phthalate is dissolved in 425 kilograms the ethanol, mixes, the preparation puffing adjuvant, the mass percent of described dioctyl phthalate in ethanolic solution is 15%.
(3) impregnation process
The staple fibre that takes by weighing 50 kilograms well cutting is positioned in this preliminary treatment still that 500 kilograms of puffing adjuvants are housed, and after stirring, floods 2 hours under the normal temperature in the preliminary treatment still, removes the finish of fiber surface, and makes the fiber swelling, makes the structure of fiber become loose.Then take out the staple fibre after being loosened by swelling, clean with pure water.
(4) making beating beating
Then staple fibre being positioned over specification is 5m
3The open type beater in, dispose 4000 kilograms of pure water, short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide in beater and water form mixing suspension, and the weight mixing ratio of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide and water is 1: 80, open making beating knocking runner, regulating rotary wheel speed, make fiber/water mixed liquor flow at 8 tons/minutes, lift and kowtow the striking wheel bed plate, make fiber kowtow the striking wheel place in process, quilt is kowtowed striking wheel and bed plate carries out knocking, circulation beating 80 minutes.
(5) oven dry
Take out moisture staple fibre, carry out continuous drying in chain-and-slat drying machine, the adjustment of dryer is 120 ℃, and dried fiber moisture is 4.5%, then with blower fan fiber wind is delivered to baling press, the moulding of packing at last.Obtain a kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide finished product that contains microfibrillar structure of the present invention.
The gained fiber examines under a microscope that to have a large amount of diameters be that 0.5～2 micron fento is attached on the trunk fiber, as shown in Figure 2.The Xiao Baierdu that tests fiber by GB GB/T3332-1982 method with SDJ-100 type beating degree tester is 23SR.Fiber length after knocking becomes 30～50 millimeters and does not wait.
Contrast at random the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide of the 1.5D that the general E.I.Du Pont Company in market produces the Kevlar brand * 38 millimeters or 2D * 51 millimeter specification, present any surface finish and the filament of cross section rounding at microscopically, be 8.1～8.5SR with SDJ-100 type beating degree tester by the Xiao Baierdu of GB GB/T3332-1982 method test fiber, show that short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide in usually commercially available Kevlar brand is without microfibrillar structure.Randomly draw the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide of the calm and peaceful company in Supreme Being people company, Hyosung Corporation, Cologne company and the Yantai production of market sale, the fiber number of these fibers is 1.5～2D, length is 38～74 millimeters, present any surface finish and the filament of cross section rounding at microscopically, the Xiao Baierdu that tests fiber by GB GB/T3332-1982 method with SDJ-100 type beating degree tester is 8～9SR, shows without microfibrillar structure.
Commercially available conventional Fanglun l414 fiber is any surface finish, the rounded filament in cross section, and fibre diameter is generally at 12～30 microns, as shown in Figure 1.Other heat resistance fiber is substantially like this such as meta-aramid, polyphenylene sulfide fibre, glass, Evil that azoles fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre etc.But the Fanglun l414 fiber has characteristics in its fibroblast process, and namely it is to be formed through the dry-jet wet-spinning fibroblast by liquid crystal, the fiber that this class liquid crystal forms, in fibre structure, hidden many microfibrillar structures, just not by certain technical approach, it can not have been showed.Simultaneously, the Fanglun l414 fiber is mainly used in bulletproof jacket at present, optical cable strengthens cover, tire cord etc., does not need irksome microfibrillar structure to appear in its application.The present invention peels off out with fento implicit in the Fanglun l414 from its trunk fiber by the conventional making beating beating technique of using in the paper technology, and the microfibrillar structure that forms by a trunk fiber and many branching shapes forms, such as Fig. 2.
Embodiment 2
(1) cutting fiber:
Adopt the contraposition aromatic polyamide long filament volume of 1600 dawn specifications of the calm and peaceful company in Yantai production, 50 silks are intervolved a strand tow that formed for 80,000 dawn, then form 90 millimeters staple fibre with the cut-out of guillotine type cutting machine.
(2) preparation puffing adjuvant:
In the preliminary treatment still, 75 kilograms dioctyl phthalate is dissolved in 425 kilograms the ethanol, mixes, the preparation puffing adjuvant, the mass percent of described dioctyl phthalate in ethanolic solution is 15%.
(3) impregnation process
The staple fibre that takes by weighing 50 kilograms well cutting is positioned in this preliminary treatment still that 500 kilograms of puffing adjuvants are housed, and after stirring, floods 2 hours under the normal temperature in the preliminary treatment still, removes the finish of fiber surface, and makes the fiber swelling, makes the structure of fiber become loose.Then take out the staple fibre after being loosened by swelling, clean with pure water.
(4) making beating beating
Then fiber being positioned over specification is 5m
3The open type beater in, dispose 4000 kilograms of pure water, open making beating knocking runner, regulating rotary wheel speed makes fiber/water mixed liquor flow at 5 tons/minutes, lifts and kowtows the striking wheel bed plate, make fiber kowtow the striking wheel place in process, quilt is kowtowed striking wheel and bed plate carries out knocking, circulation beating 40 minutes.
(5) oven dry
Take out moisture fiber, carry out continuous drying in chain-and-slat drying machine, the adjustment of dryer is 120 ℃, and dried fiber moisture is 4.5%, then with blower fan fiber wind is delivered to baling press, the moulding of packing at last.Obtain a kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide finished product that contains microfibrillar structure of the present invention.
The gained fiber examines under a microscope that to have a large amount of diameters be that 0.5～2 micron fento is attached on the trunk fiber, is 15SR with SDJ-100 type beating degree tester by the Xiao Baierdu of GB GB/T3332-1982 method test fiber.Fiber length after knocking becomes 50～70 millimeters and does not wait.
Embodiment 3
A kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide finished product that contains microfibrillar structure that embodiment 2 is obtained, staple fibre is rolled into a ball shredding, then the staple fibre after the shredding is made uniform mixture, Application standard combing and cross winding equipment, these staple fibres are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection, on the standard needing machine, with fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforcing, the fine felt more than two are merged, and acupuncture is to make described filter felt on the two sides, and the grammes per square metre of filter felt is 450g/m
2
Embodiment 4
A kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide finished product that contains microfibrillar structure that embodiment 1 is obtained, staple fibre is rolled into a ball shredding, then the staple fibre after the shredding is made uniform mixture, Application standard combing and cross winding equipment, these staple fibres are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection, on the standard needing machine with the fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforce, to be placed on two up and down of base cloth more than two or two in these fine felts, and water stings to make filter felt on the two sides, the 120g/m that selects 20 bifilar polyphenylene sulfide yarns to be made into
2Base cloth, the grammes per square metre of filter felt are 350g/m
2
Embodiment 5
A kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide finished product 30 weight portions that contain microfibrillar structure that embodiment 1 is obtained, be the meta-aramid staple fibre shredding of 2D * 51 millimeter with the specification of 70 weight portions, then the staple fibre after the shredding is made uniform mixture, Application standard combing and cross winding equipment, these staple fibres are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection, on the standard needing machine with the fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforce, fine felt more than two is merged, and acupuncture is to make described filter felt on the two sides, and the grammes per square metre of filter felt is 510g/m
2
Embodiment 6
A kind of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide finished product 20 weight portions that contain microfibrillar structure that embodiment 1 is obtained, be that the specification of the meta-aramid staple fibre of 2D * 51 millimeter and 65 weight portions is 8 microns * 51 millimeters glass fibre shredding with the specification of 15 weight portions, then the staple fibre after the shredding is made uniform mixture, Application standard combing and cross winding equipment, these staple fibres are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection, on the standard needing machine with the fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforce, to be placed on two up and down of base cloth more than two or two in these fine felts, and acupuncture is to make filter felt, the 180g/m that selects the filament of glass fiber yarn to be made on the two sides
2Base cloth, the grammes per square metre of filter felt are 880g/m
2
Comparative example 1
The short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide shredding of the 2D of the Kevlar of the E.I.Du Pont Company brand that routine is commercially available * 51 millimeters specifications, then the staple fibre after the shredding is made uniform mixture, Application standard combing and cross winding equipment, these staple fibres are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection, on the standard needing machine with the fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforce, fine felt more than two is merged, and acupuncture is to make described filter felt on the two sides, the grammes per square metre of filter felt is 450g/m
2
Employed short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide is examined under a microscope, it presents any surface finish and the filament of cross section rounding, the Xiao Baierdu that tests fiber by GB GB/T3332-1982 method with SDJ-100 type beating degree tester is 8.3SR, shows that it is without microfibrillar structure.
Comparative example 2
The polyphony thioether short fiber shredding of the 1.5D of the Dong Li company that routine is commercially available * 51 millimeters, then the staple fibre after the shredding is made uniform mixture, Application standard combing and cross winding equipment, these staple fibres are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection, on the standard needing machine with the fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforce, fine felt more than two is merged, and acupuncture is to make described filter felt on the two sides, the grammes per square metre of filter felt is 480g/m
2
Employed polyphony thioether short fiber is examined under a microscope, it presents any surface finish and the filament of cross section rounding, the Xiao Baierdu that tests fiber by GB GB/T3332-1982 method with SDJ-100 type beating degree tester is 6.5SR, shows that it is without microfibrillar structure.
Comparative example 3
The meta-aramid staple fibre shredding of the calm and peaceful 2D in the Yantai that routine is commercially available * 51 millimeters, then the staple fibre after the shredding is made uniform mixture, Application standard combing and cross winding equipment, these staple fibres are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection, on the standard needing machine with the fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforce, to be placed on two up and down of base cloth more than two or two in these fine felts, and acupuncture to be to make filter felt on the two sides, the 120g/m that selects 20 bifilar meta-aramid staple fibre yarns to be made into
2Base cloth, the grammes per square metre of filter felt are 480g/m
2
Employed meta-aramid staple fibre is examined under a microscope, it presents any surface finish and the filament of cross section rounding, the Xiao Baierdu that tests fiber by GB GB/T3332-1982 method with SDJ-100 type beating degree tester is 7.1SR, shows that it is without microfibrillar structure.
With made filter felt among embodiment 3-6 and the comparative example 1-3, adopt the GB/T6165-1985 method to measure the filter efficiency of 2.5 micron dusts.
The filter efficiency test value table of fiber Xiao Baierdu and 2.5 micron dusts
Contain abundant fento through the Fanglun l414 staple fibre after the fibrillation, Fanglun l414 staple fibre trunk fiber mutually intersects and tangle to form the trunk fiber web, carried most one-tenth web frame intensity, and fento mutually intersects to tangle and has formed countless micropores, the mesh quantity that the quantity of these micropores unconventional trunk fiber far away intersects to form, porosity improves, these micropores evenly distribute and are fine simultaneously, significantly improved filtering accuracy, increase the collision probability of dust granules, the particle that particle diameter is very little can not be from the space by being hunted down.Can effectively filter the microparticle below the PM2.5, so filter felt of the present invention has very high filter efficiency.
The above; it only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any those of ordinary skill in the art are in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; variation or the replacement that can expect without creative work all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claims were limited.
Claims (10)
1. short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure, it is characterized in that: the Xiao Baierdu of described staple fibre is 15～25SR, and described staple length is at 30～70 millimeters.
2. the preparation method who contains the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide of microfibrillar structure claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: contraposition aromatic polyamide long filament is cut into 50～100 millimeters, impregnation process in puffing adjuvant, again through making beating beating 30～90 minutes, make the described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure, wherein said puffing adjuvant is the ethanolic solution of dioctyl phthalate.
3. the preparation method of the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure described in according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the mass percentage concentration of the dioctyl phthalate in the described puffing adjuvant is 5～20wt%, the weight ratio of puffing adjuvant and short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide is 5: 1～20: 1, and impregnation process is 1～5 hour at normal temperatures.
4. the preparation method of the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure described in according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described making beating beating step is carried out in beater, short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide in the beater and water form mixing suspension, the weight mixing ratio of short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide and water is 1: 50～1: 200, and circular flow is 2～10 tons/minute.
5. the preparation method of the short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure described in according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: after described making beating beating step, increase baking step, described bake out temperature is 100～150 ℃, and dried moisture content is at 3～6wt%.
6. the filter felt with high filtering precision is characterized in that: made by the described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure of claim 1.
7. filter felt with high filtering precision, it is characterized in that: be mixed by described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide and other the heat-resisting staple fibres that contains microfibrillar structure of claim 1, described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide 20～100 weight portions that contain microfibrillar structure, described other heat-resisting staple fibre 10～80 weight portions, described other heat-resisting staple fibre are selected from a kind of or its mixture in polyphony thioether short fiber, meta-aramid staple fibre, polytef flocks, Evil that azoles fiber and the glass fibre.
8. the filter felt with high filtering precision according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the basic weight of filter felt is 300～900g/m
2
9. the preparation method with filter felt of high filtering precision claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
(1) the described short fiber of para-aromatic polyamide that contains microfibrillar structure is evenly mixed the shredding carding with other heat-resisting staple fibre;
(2) Application standard combing and cross winding equipment are transformed into the wrong folded fine felt of intersection with these web of staple fibers;
(3) on standard needing machine or spun-laced machine with the fine felt tailor-tacking or slightly reinforce, the fine felt more than two is merged, and acupuncture or water sting to make described filter felt on the two sides;
(4) in the filter felt processing of standard, adopt without the form of base cloth or the mutually compound form of base cloth that adopts filter course net felt and other heat resistance fiber yarn to be made into.
10. the preparation method with filter felt of high filtering precision according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: described base cloth is made by polyphony thioether short fiber yarn, meta-aramid short fiber yarn, polytef flocks filament yarn, Evil that azoles short fiber yarn or filament of glass fiber yarn, and quality is 80～200g/m
2
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| CN108778458A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2018-11-09 | 东丽株式会社 | The laminated resistance to heat filter of poly arylidene thio-ester |
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| CN103374817B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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