CN103368161A - Switch device with over-voltage protection - Google Patents
Switch device with over-voltage protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN103368161A CN103368161A CN201310122810XA CN201310122810A CN103368161A CN 103368161 A CN103368161 A CN 103368161A CN 201310122810X A CN201310122810X A CN 201310122810XA CN 201310122810 A CN201310122810 A CN 201310122810A CN 103368161 A CN103368161 A CN 103368161A
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- Prior art keywords
- switch
- switching device
- switch element
- compressive resistance
- make
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
- H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A switch device with over-voltage protection is provided. The structure mode of a safety switch should be reduced in a condition that total lowest withstand voltage strength is unchanged, so the switch device is suggested and is provided with a first switch contact (P1), a second switch contact (P2) and a switch element (K1) connected between the first switch contact (P1) and the second switch contact (P2); when the switch element (K1) is connected between the first and second switch contacts in a non-conducting manner, the pre-determined total lowest withstand voltage strength between the first and second switch contacts is obtained. At least one electronic device (5) is connected between the first switch contact (P1) and the switch element (K1). A voltage-limiting device (VDR) is connected in parallel with the switch element (K1), and the switch element (K1) has the lowest withstand voltage strength being smaller than the total lowest withstand voltage strength between the first and second switch contacts (P1, P2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switching device, this switching device have the first make and break contact and second switch contact and be connected to the first make and break contact and the second switch contact between switch element, wherein when connecting the first and second make and break contacts by switch element, between the first and second make and break contacts, draw predetermined total minimum compressive resistance non-conductionly.
Background technology
If the make and break contact of (such as relay, gate etc.) must have minimum compressive resistance under off-state, then this only has by the open circuit highway section of relay tip being selected to get enough large could solutions current.But this causes large structural form usually.When checking minimum compressive resistance, in mechanical switching element, check on the one hand the intensity (tolerance compressive resistance) with respect to long-term withstand voltage, and check on the other hand in the situation that switch element disconnects the intensity (impulse withstand voltage intensity) with respect to short surge voltage.In the situation of thyristor (such as transistor, thyristor etc.), usually only check impulse withstand voltage intensity.
Under special applicable cases, for example must cross-over connection insulation highway section (seal, air highway section/electric leakage highway section), convertible ground for measuring purpose.In the case, make and break contact must withstand the same load (for example being similar to the protection impedance in the 5.3.4 chapter in IEC 61140-1) that also is applicable to seal under off-state accordingly.For example the inspection of impulse withstand voltage intensity also is attributed to this.Currently realize in the following way such requirement, namely minimum requirements is satisfied in air highway section and electric leakage highway section (LuK) under off-state.
If should for example the charging device with voltage output end (small voltage) of attaching plug (from the 230V supply power voltage of three phase network) and for example 6V for example can be distributed to the overvoltage classification CAT III according to standard IEC 60664-1, then must guarantee the mensuration surge voltage of 6 kV between so-called " dangerous active parts " (attaching plug) and small voltage circuit (SELV, PELV etc.).This can reach by the minimum LuK of 5.5 mm for inhomogeneous field.
These for example require by model is that the Dold safety relay utilization of OA/OW5669 is satisfied for the compressive resistance of 6kV between make and break contact for 1.2/50 μ s pulse (duration of wave front/decline half time).Such relay is not only relatively held high and is taken, and it also has the large version that is of a size of 29 mm x, 13 mm x, 25.5 mm.
Summary of the invention
Therefore task of the present invention is, a kind of switching device that has the structural volume that reduces under identical minimum compressive resistance can be provided.
Solve this task according to the present invention by a kind of switching device, this switching device has
The-the first make and break contact and second switch contact, and
-be connected to the switch element between the first make and break contact and the second switch contact, wherein
-when connecting the first and second make and break contacts by switch element, between the first and second make and break contacts, draw predetermined total minimum compressive resistance non-conductionly,
-at least one electronic device is connected between the first make and break contact and the switch element,
The device of-deboost is in parallel with switch element, and
-switch element has minimum compressive resistance, and this minimum compressive resistance is lower than the total minimum compressive resistance between the first and second make and break contacts.
Therefore in an advantageous manner as getting off to reach predetermined total compressive resistance, the device that is about to deboost is in parallel with the switch element with the compressive resistance that reduces, and at least one electronic device is connected with this parallel circuits as the protection impedance.Thus, be applied to voltage division on the switching device on one or more protection impedances and switch element.Usually therefore can adopt so little switch element, be equivalent to the general construction volume of the switch element of total compressive resistance less than its minimum compressive resistance so that comprise the general construction volume of the device of deboost in parallel and at least one series connection device.
Decide according to device, minimum compressive resistance can relate to the only inspection of surge voltage or the inspection of surge voltage and withstand voltage.The namely total minimum compressive resistance between make and break contact of the minimum compressive resistance of switch element and whole switching device preferably comprises equally respectively impulse withstand voltage intensity.
The switch element of switching device can be relay or gate.Therefore can adopt common electric mechanical switch element according to the present invention.Alternatively, also can will be able to be used as switch element by manually operated mechanical switch.In addition, switch element also can be semiconductor device, such as transistor or thyristor.
And at least one electric device that switch element is connected in series between make and break contact can be Ohmic resistance or capacitor.Utilize these devices total voltage between the dispense switch contact downwards, and therefore reduce the required compressive resistance of each individual devices that comprises switch element.At least one electric device alternatively also can be another switch element.In the case, the minimum compressive resistance of each switch element also is summed into total minimum compressive resistance, and each switch element just can have the minimum compressive resistance lower than total minimum compressive resistance thus.
The device of deboost can be varistor or suppress two utmost points.Utilize such device to reach reliably limiting voltage with few cost.But alternatively, the element of deboost also can be overvoltage diverter.Although have this overvoltage diverter in air highway section of restriction textural more bothersome, be favourable sometimes for certain application cases.
Utilize its detecting element that can record the electric current of the device by deboost advantageously to be integrated in the switching device, this electric current derives from the overvoltage of the minimum compressive resistance that is higher than switch element.But because the device of deboost can be realized minimum electric current usually, therefore detecting element must (for example passing threshold relatively) allow this minimum current ignore.If detecting element detects the total current by the device of the deboost of switch element and parallel connection, then in addition must guarantee the also position of the switch of sense switch element, so that can distinguish when switch element disconnects, applying the situation of overvoltage and the situation of switch element closure.
Switching device preferably satisfies standard IEC 60664-1.So such switching device can replace satisfying equally the larger relay of this standard or larger gate.
Description of drawings
Elaborate the present invention by accompanying drawing now, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates the basic circuit diagram of the switching device of the present invention with relay and varistor, and
Fig. 2 illustrates the basic circuit diagram of alternative switching device, and this switching device that substitutes has twin zener dioder as the device of restriction conversion.
Embodiment
The following detailed description of embodiment is preferred form of implementation of the present invention.
As the exemplary switching device of safety switch, this switching device for example can be used for conversion electric power voltage (especially 230 V) shown in Fig. 1.Switching device has the first make and break contact P1 and second switch contact P2, applies the voltage that maybe will stand that will change at these make and break contacts.Between two make and break contact P1 and P2, to guarantee total minimum compressive resistance.Therefore to guarantee predetermined impulse withstand voltage intensity for whole switching device, and also will guarantee predetermined tolerance compressive resistance alternatively.Below when applicable concept " compressive resistance ", both referred to impulse withstand voltage intensity and equally also referred to the tolerance compressive resistance.
The switching device of Fig. 1 has gate or relay K 1 here as central member.Relay K 1 has the first make and break contact 1 and second switch contact 2.Control via the electricity that the control circuit 3,4 that does not have for clarity further wiring here carries out relay K 1.The varistor VDR of deboost is in parallel with relay K 1.Therefore this varistor is connected on the make and break contact 1 and 2 of relay K 1 with its limit.Between the make and break contact 1 of the make and break contact P1 of whole switching device and relay K 1, connected the resistance R 1 as the protection impedance, R2 ..., the series circuit 5 of Rn.In the simplest situation, as the protection impedance only unique resistance between make and break contact 1 and P1.
Alternatively, additional device B1 can be connected between the second switch contact P2 of the second switch contact 2 of relay K 1 and whole switching device.Such device can be the part of checkout equipment, utilizes this checkout equipment can determine whether applied overvoltage on switching device.Should additional device B1 for example can be to comprise LED or photoelectrical coupler as the signal level of detecting element.So utilize checkout equipment to survey, in the situation of that disconnect or non-conduction switch element, on switching device, whether be applied with overvoltage.This means that if detecting element detects such as two make and break contact P1 of the switching device in the example of Fig. 1 and the total current between the P2, the checkout equipment that then is used for analyzing also must detect the on off state of switch element (being relay K 1 here).
Therefore the device (be varistor VDR here) of deboost is in parallel with original switch element (being relay K 1 here), so that under overpressure situation, will appear at limiting voltage on the make and break contact 1 and 2 of switch element on the value of compatibility for switch element.Other assembly (being series circuit 5 here) by series connection can reach in the make and break contact P1 of whole switching device and the desired total compressive resistance on the P2.Therefore compressive resistance is divided on a plurality of devices.
The device of deboost, in the present embodiment for the specification of varistor VDR must be designed so that its clamping voltage (deboost) is no more than the maximum of switch element can compatible voltage.If relay K 1 for example has the compressive resistance of 750V, then the clamping voltage of varistor also should be up to 750V, and for example 700V wherein should note corresponding tolerance.
If the total minimum compressive resistance of the 6kV between the make and break contact P1 that for example requires at switching device and the P2 (1.2/50 μ s pulse), then remaining 5.25kV must fall protection impedance R1, R2 ..., on the Rn.Protection impedance R1 ..., Rn additionally is used for current limit.
Therefore relay K 1 needn't have separately the total minimum compressive resistance of 6kV again.Or rather, it is just enough that relay K 1 has the minimum compressive resistance of 750V in this example.Therefore can be suitable for significantly less relay, for example have the G6DS-relay of the Omron of 21.3 mm x, 5.08 mm x, 12.5 mm versions.This relay only has structural volume about 14% that model is the above-mentioned Dold safety relay of OA/OW5669, and this Dold safety relay has the intrinsic minimum compressive resistance of 6kV.86% of additional device, the structural volume namely protecting impedance and varistor obviously to be less than to save.Thereby in the situation of identical total minimum compressive resistance, can reach significant structure space by switching device of the present invention and save.
Fig. 2 has schematically reproduced a kind of alternative embodiment.Although drawn again relay K 1 here as switch element, this relay K 1 also represents gate or other mechanical switch, also represents thyristor, such as transistor, thyristor etc.In the situation of thyristor, minimum compressive resistance only relates to surge voltage.
In the example of Fig. 2, twin zener dioder SD is connected on the switch element (being relay K 1 here) as the device of deboost.As the varistor VDR in the example of Fig. 1, twin zener dioder SD also is used for the protection switch element and avoids in short-term overvoltage pulse.Be alternative in twin zener dioder, also can high pressure Zener diode, Cera diode etc. is in parallel with switch element.Thus, under any circumstance realized limiting voltage on switch element.
In the series circuit 5 ' of Fig. 2, here except resistance R 1 ..., outside the Rn, in series be integrated with so-called " fail-safe capacitor (Fail-Safe-Kondensator) ".This fail-safe capacitor also is used for voltage distribution, and this fail-safe capacitor has additional advantage, and namely it suppresses DC component.Series circuit 5 ' also should be seen construed as limiting here as, and this series circuit also can symbolically represent single protection impedance or other impedance combination.
See also Fig. 1 as additional device B1(), in the example of Fig. 2, photoelectrical coupler OK is connected between the second switch contact P2 of the make and break contact 2 of relay K 1 and switching device.In case flow through the device of twin zener dioder SD or another deboost at electric current under the off-state of relay or under the non-conduction state at thyristor, then apply overvoltage at whole switching device, so and this electric current also flow through the light-emitting diode of photoelectrical coupler OK.Thereby connected the phototransistor of photoelectrical coupler OK, and can analyze this switching process or on off state by the checkout equipment that is not shown specifically, in order to send the signal that has overvoltage.
Under normal operation (" non-overpressure situation "), checkout equipment or detecting element (for example photoelectrical coupler, resistance ...) for example can be used for the transmission measurement signal, or monitor/transmit the on off state of switch element (for example relay).
By these two kinds of measures according to switching technique of the present invention (series circuit of the limiting voltage on make and break contact and additional protection device), overvoltage can be divided on the device and therefore and be restricted on the compatible degree for each single device.Therefore in the situation that fail safe is risen simultaneously with respect to so-called " single failure condition (Single-Failure-Conditions) ", can must be less with the specifications design of each device, wherein under described single failure condition, the individual devices of whole circuit lost efficacy.As long as draw correct specifications design, the inefficacy of unique device of series circuit does not just also mean that the inefficacy in complete insulation highway section yet.If one of the protection device of namely for example connecting lost efficacy (for example short circuit in R1) then always also draws the residue fail safe on the device of remaining protection impedance and deboost.
Reference numerals list
1 first make and break contact
2 second switch contacts
3,4 control circuits
5,5 ' series circuit
The device that B1 is additional
The C capacitor
The K1 relay
The OK photoelectrical coupler
P1 the first make and break contact
P2 second switch contact
R1, R2 ..., Rn resistance
The SD twin zener dioder
The VDR varistor.
Claims (11)
1. switching device has
The-the first make and break contact (P1) and second switch contact (P2), and
-be connected to the switch element (K1) between the first make and break contact and the second switch contact, wherein
-when connecting the first make and break contact and second switch contact by switch element, draw the predetermined total minimum compressive resistance between the first make and break contact and second switch contact non-conductionly,
It is characterized in that,
-at least one electronic device (5,5 ', R1 ..., Rn) be connected between the first make and break contact (P1) and the second switch contact (P2),
The device (VDR, SD) of-deboost is in parallel with switch element (K1), and
-described switch element (K1) has minimum compressive resistance, and described minimum compressive resistance is less than the total minimum compressive resistance between the first make and break contact and second switch contact (P1, P2).
2. according to the switching device of claim 1, wherein the minimum compressive resistance of switch element (K1) and the total minimum compressive resistance between the make and break contact (P1, P2) comprise respectively impulse withstand voltage intensity.
3. according to the switching device of claim 1 or 2, wherein switch element (K1) is relay or gate.
4. according to the switching device of claim 1 or 2, wherein switch element (K1) is semiconductor device.
5. according to the switching device of one of above claim, wherein at least one electronic device (5,5 ', R1 ..., Rn) be Ohmic resistance or capacitor.
6. according to the switching device of one of claim 1 to 4, wherein at least one electronic device (5,5 ', R1 ..., Rn) be another switch element.
7. according to the switching device of one of above claim, wherein the device (VDR, SD) of deboost is varistor, twin zener dioder, Cera diode or Zener diode.
8. according to the switching device of one of claim 1 to 6, the device (VDR, SD) of wherein said deboost is overvoltage diverter.
9. according to the switching device of one of above claim, detecting element is integrated in this switching device, utilize this detecting element can record electric current by the device (VDR, SD) of deboost, this electric current derives from the overvoltage of the minimum compressive resistance that is higher than switch element (K1).
10. according to the switching device of one of above claim, detecting element is integrated in this switching device, when not having the overvoltage of the minimum compressive resistance that is higher than switch element (K1), utilize this detecting element can transmit the on off state of measuring-signal or switch element (K1).
11. according to the switching device of one of above claim, this switching device satisfies standard IEC 60664-1.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012205763.3 | 2012-04-10 | ||
| DE102012205763 | 2012-04-10 | ||
| DE1020122057633 | 2012-04-10 | ||
| DE1020122227822 | 2012-12-11 | ||
| DE102012222782.2 | 2012-12-11 | ||
| DE201210222782 DE102012222782A1 (en) | 2012-04-10 | 2012-12-11 | Switching device i.e. safety switch, for switching supply network voltage for protecting electric circuit, has switching element including minimum voltage strength smaller than total minimum voltage strength between switching contacts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103368161A true CN103368161A (en) | 2013-10-23 |
| CN103368161B CN103368161B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310122810.XA Active CN103368161B (en) | 2012-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | There is the switching device of overvoltage protection |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103368161B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102012222782A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110011291A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-12 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of excess voltage protection |
| CN110676827A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-10 | 丹佛斯电力电子有限公司 | Power electronic device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5737161A (en) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-04-07 | Raychem Corporation | Overcurrent protection device and arrangement |
| EP0860927A1 (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-08-26 | Felten & Guilleaume Austria AG | Protection circuit arrangement for surge arrester |
| ES2158781B1 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2002-04-16 | Sanchez Pablo Garrido | DEVICES FOR THE UPLOADS, DOWNLOADS OR UPLOADS AND DOWNLOADS OF THE NETWORK VOLTAGE. |
| CN101501799A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2009-08-05 | Abb技术有限公司 | Signal generation unit and method to generate a data signal in a control unit of a power system device |
| CN202004451U (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-10-05 | 安徽山川电力科技股份有限公司 | Secondary open circuit protection device of intelligent current transformer |
-
2012
- 2012-12-11 DE DE201210222782 patent/DE102012222782A1/en active Pending
-
2013
- 2013-04-10 CN CN201310122810.XA patent/CN103368161B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5737161A (en) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-04-07 | Raychem Corporation | Overcurrent protection device and arrangement |
| EP0860927A1 (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-08-26 | Felten & Guilleaume Austria AG | Protection circuit arrangement for surge arrester |
| ES2158781B1 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2002-04-16 | Sanchez Pablo Garrido | DEVICES FOR THE UPLOADS, DOWNLOADS OR UPLOADS AND DOWNLOADS OF THE NETWORK VOLTAGE. |
| CN101501799A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2009-08-05 | Abb技术有限公司 | Signal generation unit and method to generate a data signal in a control unit of a power system device |
| CN202004451U (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-10-05 | 安徽山川电力科技股份有限公司 | Secondary open circuit protection device of intelligent current transformer |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110676827A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-10 | 丹佛斯电力电子有限公司 | Power electronic device |
| CN110676827B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2021-09-28 | 丹佛斯电力电子有限公司 | Power electronic device |
| US11652422B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2023-05-16 | Danfoss Power Electronics A/S | Power electronic device |
| CN110011291A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-12 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of excess voltage protection |
| CN110011291B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-06-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Overvoltage protection circuit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103368161B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
| DE102012222782A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
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