CN103367930B - Mobile communications antenna - Google Patents
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- CN103367930B CN103367930B CN201210093613.5A CN201210093613A CN103367930B CN 103367930 B CN103367930 B CN 103367930B CN 201210093613 A CN201210093613 A CN 201210093613A CN 103367930 B CN103367930 B CN 103367930B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mobile communications antenna. The antenna comprises a plurality of meta-material plates arranged to be parallel to a horizontal plane, and a plurality of feed sources, wherein the plurality of meta-material plates are disposed at the same horizontal plane, the meta-material plates are corresponding to the feed sources respectively, each meta-material plate comprise a core layer and a reflection layer arranged on the surface of one side of the core layer, the core layer comprises a core layer lamella or a plurality of same core layer lamellas, each core layer lamella comprises a sheet-like first substrate and a plurality of first artificial microstructures arranged on the first substrate, and the plurality of meta-material plates have the same refractive index distribution rule. The refractive index distribution of the meta-material plates is designed in an accurate manner so that plane waves at specific angles may gather at the feed sources through the meat-material plates. The mobile communications antenna provided by the invention adopts the sheet-like meta-material plates to replace a traditional parabolic antenna so that the manufacture and processing are easier and the cost is lower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of antenna for satellite communication in motion.
Background technology
Communication in moving is the abbreviation of " the ground satellite station communication system in mobile ".By disorder of internal organs way system, vehicle, steamer,
The mobile carrier such as aircraft in motor process can the platform such as real-time tracking satellite, transmit voice, data, image etc. incessantly
Multimedia messages, can meet the needs of various military-civil emergency communications and the multimedia communication under mobile condition.Disorder of internal organs way system
The mobile vehicles such as various vehicles, steamer are solved well at the volley by geostationary satellite, constantly transmit language in real time
The difficulty of the multimedia messages such as sound, data, the dynamic video image of high-resolution, fax, is that the once great of the communications field dashes forward
Application that is broken, be that the present satellites communications field is in great demand, quickly growing, has extremely wide in two fields of the army and the people
Development prospect.
Used as an important component part of disorder of internal organs way system, antenna for satellite communication in motion is responsible for the reception of signal of communication and/or is sent out
Send, traditional antenna for satellite communication in motion typically adopts parabola antenna.
But as the Machining of Curved Surface difficulty of the reflecting surface of parabola antenna is big, required precision is also high, therefore, manufacture fiber crops
It is tired and relatively costly.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, is difficult for the processing of existing antenna for satellite communication in motion, the defect of high cost,
A kind of processing of offer is simple, the antenna for satellite communication in motion of low cost of manufacture.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of antenna for satellite communication in motion, the antenna for satellite communication in motion
It is including the multiple metamaterial flats arranged with plane-parallel and the multiple feeds being arranged on above multiple metamaterial flats, described
Multiple metamaterial flats are in same level, and one feed of each metamaterial flat correspondence, each metamaterial flat include core
Central layer and the reflecting layer of one side surface of core layer is arranged on, the core layer includes a core layer or multiple identical cores
Central layer lamella, each core layer include the first base material of lamellar and be arranged in the first base material it is multiple first artificial
Micro structure, the plurality of metamaterial flat have identical index distribution rule, with the core synusia of arbitrary metamaterial flat
The upper surface of layer is x/y plane, with the corresponding feed of the metamaterial flat the core layer upper surface throwing in the plane
Shadow is zero o, sets up the two-dimensional coordinate system of xoy, then has, and the refractive index of core layer any point (x, y) meets such as
Lower formula：
S=yo×cosγ+zo×sinγ；
Wherein,
n(x,y)Represent the refractive index value of core layer any point (x, y)；
zoRepresent correspondence feed to the vertical dimension of the metamaterial flat upper surface；
yoRepresent the y-coordinate value of the top surface edge of the core layer and the intersection point of y-axis positive direction；
γ represents the elevation angle of satellite to be communicated；
nmaxRepresent the maximum of the refractive index of the core layer of the metamaterial flat；
nminRepresent the minima of the refractive index of the core layer of the metamaterial flat；
λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave that frequency is center of antenna frequency；
Floor is represented.
Further, the thickness of the core layer is Dh, 2Dh=D.
Further, the first base material includes first prebasal plate and the first metacoxal plate of lamellar, the plurality of the first
Make micro structure to be folded between the first prebasal plate and the first metacoxal plate, the thickness of the core layer is 0.21-2.5mm, its
In, the thickness of the first prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of the first metacoxal plate is 0.1-1mm, the thickness of multiple first man-made microstructures
Spend for 0.01-0.5mm.
Further, each metamaterial flat also includes the impedance matching layer for being arranged on another side surface of its core layer, institute
Stating impedance matching layer includes an impedance matching layer lamella or multiple thickness identical impedance matching layer lamellas, the impedance matching
Synusia layer includes the second base material of lamellar and multiple second man-made microstructures being arranged on the second base material, one or many
The index distribution of individual impedance matching layer lamella meets equation below：
Wherein, niR () represents that radius is the refractive index value at r, the folding of impedance matching layer lamella on impedance matching layer lamella
Penetrate the rate distribution center of circle and be projection of the feed point in corresponding impedance matching layer lamella outer surface place plane；
Wherein, i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, and the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella near feed is m, by presenting
Source is sequentially reduced to core layer direction, numbering, and the numbering near the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer is 1；
Above-mentioned nmax、nminMaximum respectively with the refractive index of core layer, minima are identical.
Further, each metamaterial flat also includes the impedance matching layer for being arranged on another side surface of its core layer, institute
Stating impedance matching layer includes an impedance matching layer lamella or multiple thickness identical impedance matching layer lamellas, the impedance matching
Synusia layer includes the second base material of lamellar and multiple second man-made microstructures being arranged on the second base material, each impedance
The refractive index that matching layer lamella has single refractive index, one or more of impedance matching layer lamellas meets below equation：
Wherein, m represents total number of plies of impedance matching layer, and i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, wherein, near core
The numbering of the impedance matching layer lamella of layer is m.
Further, the thickness of the core layer is Dh, and the thickness of the impedance matching layer is Dz, Dz+2Dh=D.
Further, second base material includes second prebasal plate and the second metacoxal plate of lamellar, the plurality of second people
Make micro structure to be folded between the second prebasal plate and the second metacoxal plate, the thickness of the impedance matching layer lamella is 0.21-
2.5mm, wherein, the thickness of the second prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of the second metacoxal plate is 0.1-1mm, and multiple second is artificial micro-
The thickness of structure is 0.01-0.5mm.
Further, first man-made microstructure and the second man-made microstructure are the metal being made up of copper cash or silver wire
Micro structure, the metal micro structure are respectively attached to the by etching, plating, carve, photoetching, the method that electronics is carved or ion is carved
On one base material and the second base material.
Further, the metal micro structure be in plane flakes, the metal micro structure have be mutually perpendicular to what is divided equally
First metal wire and the second metal wire, first metal wire are identical with the length of the second metal wire, first metal wire two
End is connected with two the first metal branch of equal length, and the first metal wire two ends are connected to two the first metal branch
On midpoint, the second metal wire two ends are connected with two the second metal branch of equal length, the second metal wire two ends
It is connected on the midpoint of two the second metal branch, the equal length of first metal branch and the second metal branch.
Further, each first metal branch and each second metal of the alabastrine metal micro structure of the plane point
Two ends be also associated with identical 3rd metal branch, the midpoint of corresponding 3rd metal branch respectively with the first metal
The end points of branch and the second metal branch is connected.
Further, first metal wire and the second metal wire of the alabastrine metal micro structure of the plane is provided with two
Individual kink, the alabastrine metal micro structure of the plane around the first metal wire and the second metal wire intersection point in metal micro structure
All overlap with artwork to the figure that any direction is rotated by 90 ° in residing plane.
Further, the plurality of metamaterial flat is of similar shape and size, the plurality of metamaterial flat around
One dead axle circumferential row cloth, the dead axle are the central shaft of the assembled later structure of multiple Meta Materials.
Antenna for satellite communication in motion of the invention, by the index distribution of careful design metamaterial flat so that specific angle
The plane wave of degree can be converged at feed Jing after metamaterial flat, instead of traditional parabola by the metamaterial flat of lamellar
Antenna, manufacture processing are more prone to, and cost is cheaper, and the metamaterial flat integral thickness for designing according to this in addition is in grade
Not so that the antenna for satellite communication in motion is overall relatively light, and the volume that takes up room is few.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the relative position schematic diagram of the corresponding feed of metamaterial flat in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the perspective diagram of the one of metamaterial unit of core layer of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the core layer of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the impedance matching layer lamella of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is the first stage of the differentiation of the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane；
Fig. 9 is the second stage of the differentiation of the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane；
Figure 10 is the relative position schematic diagram of the corresponding feed of metamaterial flat in another kind embodiment of the invention；
Figure 11 is mounting structure schematic diagram of the antenna for satellite communication in motion of the present invention on vehicle；
Figure 12 is a kind of assembled schematic diagram of the square metamaterial flat of two identicals of embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of assembled schematic diagram of two identical semicircle metamaterial flats of embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is a kind of assembled schematic diagram of three identical sector metamaterial flats of embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 15 is a kind of assembled schematic diagram of example IV identical square metamaterial flat of the present invention；
Figure 16 is a kind of assembled schematic diagram of example IV identical sector metamaterial flat of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, shown in Figure 11, antenna for satellite communication in motion DZT of the invention is loaded in mobile vehicle YDT (such as vehicle, ship
Oceangoing ship, aircraft) tip position, it include with plane-parallel arrange multiple metamaterial flats 100 and be arranged on multiple super materials
Multiple feeds above material flat board 100, one feed of correspondence of each metamaterial flat 100, each metamaterial board 100 are corresponding
Feed relative position fix.In the present invention, the feed is traditional corrugated horn, and the CL11R of such as Tongzhou Electronics is integrally
Change tuner.
In addition, as shown in figure 11, in order to (waterproof, sun-proof etc.), antenna for satellite communication in motion are protected to antenna for satellite communication in motion DZT
An antenna house TXZ, such as hemispheric antenna house can also be covered in the outside of DZT.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in one embodiment of the present of invention, each metamaterial flat 100 includes core layer 10, sets
Put the reflecting layer 200 on one side surface of core layer and be arranged on the impedance matching layer 20 of another side surface of core layer, the core
Central layer 10 includes a core layer 11 or multiple thickness are identical and index distribution identical core layer 11, the core
Central layer lamella includes the first base material 13 of lamellar and multiple first man-made microstructures 12 being arranged in the first base material 13, described
Impedance matching layer 20 includes an impedance matching layer lamella 21 or the multiple impedance matching layer lamellas 21 of thickness identical, the impedance
Matching layer lamella 21 includes the second base material 23 of lamellar and multiple second man-made microstructures being arranged on the second base material.Separately
Outward, in the present invention, reflecting layer can be the metallic reflection plate with smooth surface, for example, can be copper coin, the aluminium sheet of polishing
Or iron plate etc., may also be PEC (perfect electric conductor) reflecting surface, naturally it is also possible to be metal coating, such as copper coating.Preferably,
The plurality of metamaterial flat is of similar shape and size, and the plurality of metamaterial flat is around a dead axle circumferential row cloth,
The dead axle is the central shaft of the assembled later structure of multiple Meta Materials.Multiple metamaterial flats can be whole phases each other
Adjacent, or spaced set, it is preferable that multiple metamaterial flats are all adjacent each other, are assembled into jointly
Square, circular, oval or other shapes of flat board, for example, multiple metamaterial flats can be two phases shown in Figure 12
Same square metamaterial flat F2, two square metamaterial flats F2 are assembled into a big square plate FB1；Or such as
Two identical semicircle metamaterial flats S2 shown in Figure 13, two identical semicircle metamaterial flats S2 are assembled into one
Complete circular flat board YB1；Or three identical sector metamaterial flats S3 as shown in figure 14, three fan-shaped Meta Materials
Flat board S3 is assembled into a complete circular flat board YB2；Or four identical square metamaterial flats shown in Figure 15
F4, four square metamaterial flats F4 are assembled into a big square plate FB2；Or four shown in Figure 16 identical
Fan-shaped metamaterial flat S4, four fan-shaped metamaterial flats S4 are assembled into a complete circular flat board YB3.In addition, here
In the case of kind, multiple metamaterial flats can be separate, or integrally formed.In addition such as Figure 12 to Figure 16
In, for well-known expression, each metamaterial flat is represented with different hatchings.
In the present invention, the effect of impedance matching layer be realize from air to core layer 10 impedance matching, to reduce air
With the reflection of electromagnetic wave of Meta Materials joint, the loss of electromagnetic wave energy is reduced, improve satellite TV signal intensity.
(illustrate by taking metamaterial flat S4 in Figure 16 upper left corners as an example) as shown in Fig. 1, Figure 16, be antenna for satellite communication in motion of the present invention
One embodiment, in the present embodiment, the upper surface with the core layer of one of metamaterial flat S4 as x/y plane, with
Fan-shaped angular bisector is y-axis, with perpendicular to y-axis and excessively fan-shaped summit line as x-axis, with the corresponding feed of the metamaterial flat
The metamaterial flat core layer upper surface projection (the o points in Fig. 1 and Figure 16) in the plane be zero
O, sets up the two-dimensional coordinate system of xoy, then has, and the refractive index of core layer any point (x, y) of the metamaterial flat meets such as
Lower formula：
S=yo×cosγ+zo×sinγ (2)；
Fig. 1 is the plane cutting constituted with geostationary satellite (being equivalent to a bit) to be communicated by the axis of feed
In the sectional view obtained by metamaterial flat and feed two parts in the antenna for satellite communication in motion of the present embodiment, namely y-axis and feed
Cuing open obtained by the metamaterial flat and feed two parts in the antenna for satellite communication in motion of plane cutting the present embodiment that axis is constituted
View.
Wherein, n(x,y)Represent the refractive index value of core layer any point (x, y)；
zoRepresent feed to the upper surface vertical dimension of metamaterial flat；Herein, feed is equivalent to into a point source, feed
Feed point X be the electromagnetic wave of satellite launch to be communicated the point of focusing occur after the metamaterial flat in feed；
Feed is feed point X to the vertical dimension of metamaterial flat to the vertical dimension of metamaterial flat；Feed is in the metamaterial flat
Upper surface projection in the plane be feed point X the metamaterial flat upper surface projection o in the plane；Feed axis
Line Z1 is θ with the angle of metamaterial flat upper surface, and in the present embodiment, feed point X is on the Z1 of feed axis, it is assumed that feed bore
Central point is ds to the distance of feed point X, the two can become ginseng (allowing feed to scan optimum position) by variation ds, θ so that
Convergence effect is optimum；
yoRepresent the y-coordinate of the intersection point of the top surface edge and y-axis positive direction of the core layer of metamaterial flat S4
Value；As shown in figure 16, yoThe length (fan-shaped radius) of the OA line segments as in figure.
γ represents the elevation angle of satellite to be communicated, elevation angle gamma and the Jing residing for satellite to be communicated and antenna for satellite communication in motion
Latitude is relevant；
nmaxRepresent the maximum of the refractive index of core layer；
nminRepresent the minima of the refractive index of core layer；
λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave that frequency is center of antenna frequency；
In the present embodiment, the thickness of the core layer is Dh, and the thickness of the impedance matching layer is Dz, Dz+2Dh=D.
Floor is represented；
For example, when1 is less than more than or equal to 0
When, k takes 0；When(during more than or equal to 1 less than 2, k takes
1, the rest may be inferred.
The metamaterial flat determined by formula (1) to formula (4), enables to electromagnetic wave that feed sends by corresponding
Metamaterial flat after can be with outgoing in the form of the plane wave horizontal by γ angles；Equally, as shown in figure 1, by formula (1)
To metamaterial flat determined by formula (4), enable to the electromagnetic wave that satellite to be communicated sends and (can recognize when reaching ground
Plane wave to be with horizontal plane angle is γ) Jing after metamaterial flat can occur to converge at feed point X.
The Meta Materials of the structure of other three metamaterial flats S4 and index distribution with reference to the upper left corner in Figure 16 in Figure 16
Flat board S4.
Structure according to Figure 16 can analogize the metamaterial flat assembly principle shown in Figure 12 to 15, its coordinate system
Diagram is shown in foundation.Wherein, in Figure 12 to 15, line segment OA is the top surface edge of metamaterial flat and the intersection point of y-axis positive direction
Y-coordinate value yo.In the present embodiment, the upper surface of metamaterial flat is the upper surface of the impedance matching layer 20 shown in Fig. 1.
Mobile vehicle YDT the kinestate such as often occurs turning, fluctuates, by servosystem CF in motion
The communication between antenna for satellite communication in motion and satellite can be caused not to be interrupted, i.e., so that the metamaterial flat is in any kinestate
Under all with plane-parallel, meanwhile, servosystem CF can be with the multiple metamaterial flats of synchronous rotary so that have a Meta Materials
The y-axis direction on its surface of flat board is directed at the orientation of synchronous satellite to be communicated all the time.This servosystem CF, for multiple super materials
The Synchronization Control of material flat board can have very simple control design case, for example, the multiple metamaterial flats of synchronous rotary so that angle bisection
Y-axis direction of the line closest to feed axis on fan-shaped its surface of metamaterial flat of the projection of horizontal plane and the axis of feed
Intersect, namely overall its anglec of rotation that multiple metamaterial flats are constituted is less, is more conducive to control, while the time of response
It is short, high precision.
Exist in servosystem prior art with above-mentioned functions a lot, which is not the core of the present invention, and
Those skilled in the art easily can be produced with similar functions with reference to prior art according to above-mentioned word description
Servosystem, is no longer described in detail herein.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the first base material 13 includes base after the first prebasal plate 131 and first of lamellar
Plate 132, the plurality of first man-made microstructure 12 are folded between the first prebasal plate 131 and the first metacoxal plate 132.The core
The thickness of synusia layer is 0.5-2mm, wherein, the thickness of the first prebasal plate is 0.5-1mm, and the thickness of the first metacoxal plate is 0.5-
1mm, the thickness of multiple first man-made microstructures is 0.01-0.5mm.Preferably, the thickness of the core layer is
0.543mm, wherein, the thickness of the first prebasal plate and the first metacoxal plate is 0.254mm, the thickness of multiple first man-made microstructures
For 0.035mm.
In the present embodiment, the index distribution of one or more of impedance matching layer lamellas meets equation below：
Wherein, niR () represents that radius is the refractive index value at r, the folding of impedance matching layer lamella on impedance matching layer lamella
Penetrate the rate distribution center of circle and be projection of the feed point in corresponding impedance matching layer lamella outer surface place plane, it is preferable that impedance
The index distribution center of circle of matching layer lamella metamaterial flat vertical with the line in the index distribution center of circle of core layer；
Wherein, i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, and the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella near feed is m, by presenting
Source is sequentially reduced to core layer direction, numbering, and the numbering near the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer is 1；
Above-mentioned nmax、nminMaximum respectively with the refractive index of core layer, minima are identical；
Specifically, such as m=2, the then impedance matching layer for being limited by formula (5), near the impedance matching layer of core layer
The index distribution of lamella is：
Impedance matching layer its index distribution near feed is：
n2(r)=nmin；
Certainly, impedance matching layer is not limited to this, and each impedance matching layer lamella can also have single refraction
Rate, the refractive index of one or more of impedance matching layer lamellas meet below equation：
Wherein, m represents total number of plies of impedance matching layer, and i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, wherein, near core
The numbering of the impedance matching layer lamella of layer is m.
Specifically, such as m=2, the then impedance matching layer for being limited by formula (6), near the impedance matching layer of core layer
The index distribution of lamella is：
N (2)=(nmax+nmin)/2；
Impedance matching layer its index distribution near feed is：
In the present embodiment, second base material 23 includes second prebasal plate 231 and the second metacoxal plate 232 of lamellar, described
Multiple second man-made microstructures are folded between the second prebasal plate 231 and the second metacoxal plate 232.The impedance matching layer lamella
Thickness is 0.21-2.5mm, wherein, the thickness of the first prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of the first metacoxal plate is 0.1-1mm, many
The thickness of individual first man-made microstructure is 0.01-0.5mm.Preferably, the thickness of the impedance matching layer lamella is 0.543mm,
Wherein, the thickness of the second prebasal plate and the second metacoxal plate is 0.254mm, and the thickness of multiple second man-made microstructures is
0.035mm。
In the present embodiment, first man-made microstructure, the second man-made microstructure are the gold being made up of copper cash or silver wire
Category micro structure, the metal micro structure are respectively attached to by etching, plating, carve, photoetching, the method that electronics is carved or ion is carved
The first base material, the second base material.Preferably, first man-made microstructure, the second man-made microstructure are the snow of the plane shown in Fig. 5
Flower-shaped metal micro structure develops the metal micro structure of the multiple different topology for obtaining by topology.
In the present embodiment, core layer can be obtained by the following method, i.e., in the first prebasal plate and the first metacoxal plate
The surface overlying copper of any one, then lead to overetched method and obtain multiple first metal micro structures (multiple first metals are micro-
The shape of structure is obtained by Computer Simulation in advance with arrangement), finally the first prebasal plate is pressed respectively with the first metacoxal plate
Together, that is, the core layer of the present invention is obtained, the method for pressing can be direct hot pressing, or connect using PUR
Connect, may also be certainly the connection of other machinery formula, such as bolt connection.
In the same manner, impedance matching layer lamella can also be obtained using identical method.Then respectively by multiple core layers
Pressing one, that is, define the core layer of the present invention；Equally, by multiple impedance matching layer lamellas pressing one, that is, define this
The impedance matching layer of invention；Core layer, impedance matching layer, reflecting layer pressing one are obtained into the metamaterial flat of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the first base material, the second base material are by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrum oxygen material
Material or ferromagnetic material etc. are obtained.Macromolecular material is available F4B composites, FR-4 composites etc..
Fig. 5 show the schematic diagram of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane, and described alabastrine metal micro structure has
It is mutually perpendicular to the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 for dividing equally, the length of the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2
Identical, the first metal wire J1 two ends are connected with two first metal branch F1, the first metal wire J1 of equal length
Two ends are connected on the midpoint of two the first metal branch F1, and the second metal wire J2 two ends are connected with two of equal length
Second metal branch F2, the second metal wire J2 two ends are connected on the midpoint of two the second metal branch F2, and described first
The equal length of metal branch F1 and the second metal branch F2.
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 5.Which is in each first metal point
The two ends for propping up F1 and each the second metal branch F2 are respectively connected with identical 3rd metal branch F3, and the corresponding 3rd
The midpoint of metal branch F3 is connected with the end points of the first metal branch F1 and the second metal branch F2 respectively.The rest may be inferred, this
The bright metal micro structure that can also derive other forms.
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 5, the micro- knot of metal of this kind of structure
Structure, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are not straight lines, but folding line, and the first metal wire J1 is equal with the second metal wire J2
Two kink WZ are provided with, but the first metal wire J1 remains vertical with the second metal wire J2 to be divided equally, by arranging bending
Relative position of the direction in portion with kink on the first metal wire and the second metal wire so that the metal micro structure shown in Fig. 7
Around all overlapping with artwork to the figure that any direction is rotated by 90 ° with the axis of the second metal wire intersection point perpendicular to the first metal wire.
Furthermore it is also possible to there is other to deform, for example, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are respectively provided with multiple kink WZ.
In the present embodiment, the core layer 11 can be divided into the Meta Materials multiple as shown in Figure 2 of array arrangement
Cells D, each metamaterial unit D include prebasal plate unit U, metacoxal plate unit V and are arranged on base board unit U, metacoxal plate unit V
Between the first man-made microstructure 12, the length, width and height of usual metamaterial unit D no more than 1/5th wavelength, preferably very
One of wavelength, therefore, the size of metamaterial unit D can determine according to the operating frequency of antenna.Fig. 2 is the technique of painting of perspective, with
The position in metamaterial unit D of the first man-made microstructure is represented, as shown in Fig. 2 first man-made microstructure is sandwiched in substrate
Between unit U, metacoxal plate unit V, its place surface is represented with SR.
Known refractive indexWherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε is collectively referred to as electromagnetism to join
Number.It is demonstrated experimentally that when electromagnetic wave is by refractive index dielectric material heterogeneous, can be to the big direction deviation of refractive index.Relative
1 is generally near () in the case that pcrmeability is certain, refractive index is only relevant with dielectric constant, in the case where the first base material is selected,
Using only the arbitrary value of metamaterial unit refractive index being realized (in certain limit the first man-made microstructure of electric field response
It is interior), under the center of antenna frequency, using simulation software, such as CST, MATLAB, COMSOL etc., a certain spy is obtained by emulating
The dielectric constant of the man-made microstructure (the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane as shown in Figure 5) of setting shape is with topology
The situation of refractive index variable change, you can list one-to-one data, you can design the specific refractive index point of our needs
The core layer 11 of cloth, can obtain the index distribution of impedance matching layer lamella in the same manner.
In the present embodiment, the structure design of core layer can be obtained by Computer Simulation (CST emulation), specifically such as
Under：
(1) determine the attachment base material (the first base material) of the first metal micro structure.Such as dielectric constant is 2.25 medium base
Plate, the material of medium substrate can be FR-4, F4b or PS.
(2) determine the size of metamaterial unit.The size of the size of metamaterial unit is obtained by the mid frequency of antenna, profit
Obtain its wavelength with frequency, then take less than wavelength 1/5th a numerical value as metamaterial unit D length CD with it is wide
Degree KD.For example corresponding to the center of antenna frequency of 11.95G, metamaterial unit D is long CD as shown in Figure 2 equal with width KD
For the square platelet that 2.8mm, thickness HD are 0.543mm.
(3) material and topological structure of metal micro structure are determined.In the present invention, the material of metal micro structure is copper, metal
The topological structure of micro structure is the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 5, and its live width W is consistent everywhere；Topology herein
Structure, refers to the basic configuration that topology is developed.
(4) determine the topology parameter of metal micro structure.As shown in figure 5, in the present invention, the alabastrine metal of plane is micro-
The topology parameter of structure includes live width W of metal micro structure, length a of the first metal wire J1, the first metal branch F1's
Length b.
(5) determine the differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure.In the present invention, the topological shape of metal micro structure
The differentiation restrictive condition of shape has, and minimum spacing WL between metal micro structure is (i.e. as shown in figure 5, metal micro structure and Meta Materials
The long side of unit or the distance of broadside are WL/2), live width W of metal micro structure, the size of metamaterial unit；Due to processing technique
Limit, WL is more than or equal to 0.1mm, and equally, live width W is also intended to more than or equal to 0.1mm.When emulating for the first time, WL can take
0.1mm, W can take 0.3mm, and the size of metamaterial unit is length and a width of 2.8mm, and thickness is 0.543mm, now the micro- knot of metal
The topology parameter of structure only has two variables of a and b.The topology of metal micro structure is by the differentiation as shown in Fig. 8 to Fig. 9
Mode, corresponding to a certain characteristic frequency (such as 11.95GHZ), can obtain a continuous variations in refractive index scope.
Specifically, the differentiation of the topology of the metal micro structure includes that two stages, (it is basic that topology is developed
The metal micro structure being shaped as shown in Fig. 5)：
First stage：According to restrictive condition is developed, in the case where b values keep constant, a values are changed to most from minima
Big to be worth, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is " ten " font when minima (a take except).In the present embodiment, the minimum of a
Value is 0.3mm (live width W), and the maximum of a is (CD-WL).Therefore, in the first phase, the topology of metal micro structure
Develop as shown in figure 8, be the square JX1 of W i.e. from the length of side, be gradually evolved into maximum " ten " font topology JD1.
In first stage, with the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, the refractive index of corresponding metamaterial unit continuously increases
Greatly (one characteristic frequency of respective antenna).
Second stage：According to restrictive condition is developed, when a increases to maximum, a keeps constant；Now, by b from minimum
Value increases continuously maximum, and the metal micro structure in this evolution process is plane flakes.In the present embodiment, the minimum of b
Value is 0.3mm, and the maximum of b is (CD-WL-2W).Therefore, in second stage, the topology of metal micro structure is drilled
Become as shown in figure 9, i.e. from maximum " ten " font topology JD1, being gradually evolved into the alabastrine topological shape of plane of maximum
Shape JD2, alabastrine topology JD2 of plane of maximum herein refer to, the first metal branch J1 and the second metal branch J2
Length b can not extend again, otherwise the first metal branch will intersect with the second metal branch.In second stage,
With the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, the refractive index of corresponding metamaterial unit continuously increases (respective antenna
One characteristic frequency).
If the variations in refractive index scope for obtaining metamaterial unit by above-mentioned differentiation meets design needs, and (i.e. this changes model
Enclose and contain nmin-nmaxScope).If above-mentioned differentiation obtains the variations in refractive index scope of metamaterial unit is unsatisfactory for design needed
Will, for example maximum is too little, then change WL and W, emulate again, the variations in refractive index scope until obtaining our needs.
According to formula (1) to (4), a series of metamaterial unit that emulation is obtained is according to its corresponding refractive index arrangement
After (actually arrangement of multiple first man-made microstructures of different topology shape in the first base material), can obtain this
The core layer of invention.
In the same manner, the impedance matching layer lamella of the present invention can be obtained according to formula (5)-(6).
As shown in Figure 10, in another kind of embodiment of the invention, the metamaterial flat 100 does not have impedance matching layer,
In this embodiment, the thickness of the core layer is Dh, 2Dh=D.In the present embodiment, the upper surface of metamaterial flat is
The upper surface of the core layer 10 shown in Figure 10.It is other identical with the above embodiments.
Equally, Figure 10 is the axis of feed and that geostationary satellite (being equivalent to a bit) to be communicated is constituted is flat
The sectional view obtained by metamaterial flat and feed two parts in the antenna for satellite communication in motion of face cutting the present embodiment, namely y-axis with
Obtained by metamaterial flat and feed two parts in the antenna for satellite communication in motion of plane cutting the present embodiment that feed axis is constituted
The sectional view for arriving.
Embodiments of the invention are described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but be the invention is not limited in above-mentioned concrete
Embodiment, above-mentioned specific embodiment are only schematic, rather than restricted, one of ordinary skill in the art
Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of without departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection, can also make a lot
Form, these are belonged within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of antenna for satellite communication in motion, it is characterised in that the antenna for satellite communication in motion includes the multiple super material arranged with plane-parallel
Material flat board and the multiple feeds being arranged on above multiple metamaterial flats, the plurality of metamaterial flat are in same level,
One feed of each metamaterial flat correspondence, each metamaterial flat include core layer and are arranged on the anti-of one side surface of core layer
Layer is penetrated, the core layer includes the core layer of a core layer or multiple index distributions and thickness all same, often
One core layer includes the first base material and multiple first man-made microstructures being arranged in the first base material of lamellar, described
Multiple metamaterial flats have identical index distribution rule, and the upper surface with the core layer of arbitrary metamaterial flat is
X/y plane, with the corresponding feed of the metamaterial flat the core layer upper surface in the plane be projected as zero
O, sets up the two-dimensional coordinate system of xoy, then has, and the refractive index of core layer any point (x, y) meets equation below：
S=yo×cosγ+zo×sinγ；
Wherein,
n(x,y)Represent the refractive index value of core layer any point (x, y)；
zoRepresent correspondence feed to the vertical dimension of the metamaterial flat upper surface；
yoRepresent the y-coordinate value of the top surface edge of the core layer and the intersection point of y-axis positive direction；
γ represents the elevation angle of satellite to be communicated；
nmaxRepresent the maximum of the refractive index of the core layer of the metamaterial flat；
nminRepresent the minima of the refractive index of the core layer of the metamaterial flat；
λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave that frequency is center of antenna frequency；
Floor is represented.
2. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the core layer is Dh, 2Dh=D.
3. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first base material include lamellar first before base
Plate and the first metacoxal plate, the plurality of first man-made microstructure are folded between the first prebasal plate and the first metacoxal plate, the core
The thickness of central layer lamella is 0.21-2.5mm, wherein, the thickness of the first prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of the first metacoxal plate is
0.1-1mm, the thickness of each the first man-made microstructure is 0.01-0.5mm.
4. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each metamaterial flat also includes being arranged on its core
Impedance matching layer of the central layer near feed side surface, the impedance matching layer include an impedance matching layer lamella or multiple thickness
Identical impedance matching layer lamella, the impedance matching layer lamella include the second base material of lamellar and are arranged on the second base material
Multiple second man-made microstructures, the index distribution of one or more of impedance matching layer lamellas meets equation below：
Wherein, niR () represents that radius is the refractive index value at r, the refractive index point of impedance matching layer lamella on impedance matching layer lamella
The cloth center of circle is projection of the feed point in corresponding impedance matching layer lamella outer surface place plane；Folding when n (r) represents that i is 1
Penetrate rate distribution；
Wherein, i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, and the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella near feed is m, from feed to
Core layer direction, numbering are sequentially reduced, and the numbering near the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer is 1.
5. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each metamaterial flat also includes being arranged on its core
Impedance matching layer of the central layer near feed side surface, the impedance matching layer include an impedance matching layer lamella or multiple thickness
Identical impedance matching layer lamella, the impedance matching layer lamella include the second base material of lamellar and are arranged on the second base material
Multiple second man-made microstructures, each impedance matching layer lamella has single refractive index, one or more of resistances
The refractive index of anti-matching layer lamella meets below equation：
Wherein, m represents total number of plies of impedance matching layer, and i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, wherein, near core layer
The numbering of impedance matching layer lamella is m；From feed to core layer direction, numbering is increased successively by 1；Above-mentioned nmax、nminRespectively
For the maximum of the refractive index of core layer, minima.
6. the antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the thickness of the core layer is Dh, the resistance
The thickness of anti-matching layer is Dz, Dz+2Dh=D.
7. the antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that second base material includes the second of lamellar
Prebasal plate and the second metacoxal plate, the plurality of second man-made microstructure are folded between the second prebasal plate and the second metacoxal plate, institute
The thickness for stating impedance matching layer lamella is 0.21-2.5mm, wherein, the thickness of the second prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, the second metacoxal plate
Thickness be 0.1-1mm, the thickness of each the second man-made microstructure is 0.01-0.5mm.
8. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 7, it is characterised in that first man-made microstructure and second artificial micro-
Structure is the metal micro structure being made up of copper cash or silver wire, and the metal micro structure is by etching, plating, carve, photoetching, electricity
The method that son is carved or ion is carved is respectively attached on the first base material and the second base material.
9. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the metal micro structure is in plane flakes, institute
State metal micro structure and there is the first metal wire and the second metal wire for being mutually perpendicular to divide equally, first metal wire and the second metal
The length of line is identical, and the first metal wire two ends are connected with two the first metal branch of equal length, first metal
Line two ends are connected on the midpoint of two the first metal branch, and the second metal wire two ends are connected with two of equal length
Two metal branch, the second metal wire two ends are connected on the midpoint of two the second metal branch, first metal branch
With the equal length of the second metal branch.
10. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the alabastrine metal micro structure of the plane
The two ends of each first metal branch and each the second metal branch are also associated with identical 3rd metal branch, accordingly
The midpoint of the 3rd metal branch is connected with the end points of the first metal branch and the second metal branch respectively.
11. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the alabastrine metal micro structure of the plane
First metal wire and the second metal wire are provided with two kinks, and the alabastrine metal micro structure of the plane is around the first metal
The figure that the intersection point of line and the second metal wire is rotated by 90 ° to any direction in the plane residing for metal micro structure all with artwork weight
Close.
12. antenna for satellite communication in motion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of metamaterial flat has identical
Shape and size, around a dead axle circumferential row cloth, the dead axle is that multiple Meta Materials are assembled later to the plurality of metamaterial flat
The central shaft of structure.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102110890A (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2011-06-29 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | High-gain horn antenna based on inhomogeneous medium |
| CN202094268U (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-12-28 | 南京中网卫星通信股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted satellite antenna |
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| WO2011087538A2 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-07-21 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Metamaterial lens feed for multiple beam antennas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102110890A (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2011-06-29 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | High-gain horn antenna based on inhomogeneous medium |
| CN202094268U (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-12-28 | 南京中网卫星通信股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted satellite antenna |
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