CN103362505A - Method for judging and identifying drilling-encounter oil layer under condition that drilling fluid adding oil exists - Google Patents
Method for judging and identifying drilling-encounter oil layer under condition that drilling fluid adding oil exists Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for judging and identifying a drilling-encounter oil layer under a condition that drilling fluid adding oil exists. According to the method, drilling fluid serves as an analysis object; a nuclear magnetic resonance technique which is sensitive to oil quality and high in linearity degree serves as a means; under the condition that the drilling fluid adding oil exists, the drilling-encounter oil layer can be judged and identified qualitatively by comparing a standard T2 spectrum with a T2 cumulative spectrum; the content and a property of in-place crude oil invaded into a shaft can be quantitatively evaluated by comparing an oil peak T2g with an oil containing rate of the drilling fluid; and the method overcomes the defects that the conventional method is difficult in quantification and is helpless to the fact that homologous crude oil is mixed, and is simpler, more convenient, more reliable, and easy to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of logging engineering and nuclear magnetic resonance logging, and particularly relates to a method for identifying a drilling oil layer under the condition that drilling fluid is added with oil.
Background
At present, under the condition that drilling fluid additive oil exists, the method for distinguishing the drilling fluid additive oil from the stratum crude oil and identifying the oil layer during drilling is divided into two types: one is a gas measurement method based on drilling fluid, which detects the composition of total hydrocarbon and C1-C5 of gas removed from the drilling fluid on line through gas chromatography, judges whether the gas measurement is from oil addition or formation crude oil through curve characteristics and component characteristics, is a qualitative method and is difficult to quantify, and although some instrument manufacturers research and develop differential chromatography, the method is difficult to effect due to the influence of temperature and pressure and various conditions of the formation in the circulation process of the drilling fluid, and is ineffective to the mixing of homologous formation crude oil. The other type is an oil-gas analysis method based on rock debris, and hydrocarbon compositions of the added oil and the formation crude oil are distinguished by methods such as quantitative fluorescence, tank top gas light hydrocarbon chromatography, thermal evaporation hydrocarbon chromatography, rock pyrolysis chromatography and the like. The method comprises the steps of firstly analyzing various added oils and establishing a standard map; in the drilling process, an analysis spectrogram of the rock debris is compared with the analysis spectrogram, if the analysis spectrogram is similar to the analysis spectrogram, the display of the added oil is displayed, otherwise, the display of the added oil is a true display from the stratum, the method has no effect on the crude oil mixed into the homologous stratum, and two defects exist: firstly, after oil is added into the drilling fluid, the drilling fluid circulates from the earth surface to the underground to the earth surface along with the oil, the influence of high temperature and high pressure at the bottom of a well, long-distance flushing of a shaft and the influence of drilled oil layers are needed, and the composition of the drilling fluid is changed, so that the drilling fluid is difficult to distinguish and is more difficult to quantify; secondly, with the widespread use of PDC bits (Po1ycrystalline Diamond Compact bits), the rock debris is in powder form, has a large surface area, is seriously washed by drilling fluid, and the oil content level of the oil layer rock debris is greatly reduced, so that the rock debris-based identification method loses the basic condition.
The nuclear magnetic resonance logging technology of the drilling fluid for detecting the oil content of the drilling fluid in the prior art aims at finding weak oil gas display which is difficult to find by means of rock debris, gas measurement and the like, and no precedent for judging and evaluating an oil source exists.
Therefore, the problem exists at present that a method which is simple and feasible to operate and can accurately judge and identify the drilling oil layer in the presence of drilling fluid and oil is required to be researched and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for identifying a drilling oil layer under the condition that drilling fluid is added with oil, aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method utilizes the drilling fluid nuclear magnetic resonance technology to carry out while-drilling analysis on the mixed added oil and the stratum crude oil invading a shaft, can timely master the change conditions of the oil content and the oil quality of the drilling fluid, is beneficial to avoiding the influence of the added oil and finds out new oil content display. The invention overcomes the defect that the conventional method is difficult to quantify, and the method is simpler, more convenient and more reliable and is easy to operate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for identifying a drilling encounter oil layer in the presence of drilling fluid additive oil, comprising:
a, weighing a pure drilling fluid sample without oil addition, carrying out nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, carrying out standardization, drawing a standardized T2 spectrum and a standardized T2 cumulative spectrum, and determining the position of a pure drilling fluid peak;
b, weighing a drilling fluid sample added with the added oil, performing nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, performing standardization, drawing a standardized T2 spectrum and a standardized T2 cumulative spectrum, distinguishing drilling fluid peaks and added oil peaks on the standardized T2 spectrum, recording the area A1o of the oil peaks and the total area A1 of all the peaks, and calculating the T2 geometric average T2g of the oil peaks and the oil content C1 of the drilling fluid containing the added oil;
step C, when the drilling fluid peak and the added oil peak cannot be distinguished in the step B, adding a relaxation reagent into the pure drilling fluid sample in the step A and the drilling fluid sample containing the added oil in the step B, and repeating the step A and the step B;
d, repeating the step B and/or the step C, and performing nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling continuous analysis on the drilling fluid containing the added oil and the drilling fluid containing the added oil after the relaxation reagent is added at certain intervals;
and E, judging whether the drilling meets the oil layer or not by comparing and analyzing the change of the oil content and the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth while drilling.
The term "drilling fluid oiliness" as used herein refers to the oiliness of the oil contained in the drilling fluid, including the density and/or viscosity of the oil.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the step E, when the oil content and/or the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth are/is changed through the comparative analysis, it is determined that the drilling meets the oil layer.
According to the method, in the step E, the change of the oil content of the additive oil-containing drilling fluid at the adjacent depth is qualitatively judged by comparing and analyzing the difference of the oil peak signal amplitude on the standardized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of the additive oil-containing drilling fluid at the adjacent depth. The change of the oiliness of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth is qualitatively judged by comparing and analyzing the difference of the oil peak positions on the standardized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth.
In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the change in the oil content of the additive oil containing drilling fluid at adjacent depths is quantified using the oil content C1 of the additive oil containing drilling fluid at adjacent depths. The difference in the peak-to-peak positions in the normalized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of the additive oil-containing drilling fluid at adjacent depths is quantitatively expressed using its T2 geometric mean T2 g.
The geometric mean T2g of T2 was calculated according to the following formula:
t2g is the geometric mean of T2;
φcnporosity is accumulated for nuclear magnetic resonance.
According to the method, after the oil-encountering layer is drilled in the step E, the method further comprises a step F of quantitatively evaluating the crude oil content and crude oil property of the stratum invading the shaft by comparing and analyzing the change of the oil content and the oil content of the oil-containing drilling fluid with the additive oil at the adjacent depth while drilling.
In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, step F is a quantitative assessment of the formation oil content and crude oil properties invaded into the wellbore by comparative while drilling analysis of the oil content C1 of the added oil containing drilling fluid at adjacent depths, and its T2 geometric mean T2g of the oil peaks on the normalized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum.
According to the invention, the oil content C1 of the drilling fluid containing the added oil in the step B is calculated according to the following formula:
C1＝(A1o×100/A1)％。
in one embodiment of the present invention, the nominal sampling amount in step A and step B is W, which is in the range of 2-12 g. The actual sample size of the sample in step a was W0. The actual sample size of the sample in step B was W1. The normalization in step A is carried out by normalizing the T2 spectrum with W/W0. The normalization in step B is carried out by normalizing the T2 spectrum with W/W1.
And the adding oil in the step B comprises white oil, diesel oil, crude oil and the like.
In one embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the relaxation reagent in step C in the pure drilling fluid sample or the drilling fluid sample with added oil is above 10000 ppm.
According to the method, the distance in the step D ranges from 1 m to 2 m. In the actual operation process, the distance can be implemented according to the requirements of users or geological design, for example, 2m of one point and 1 m and 1 point of a target interval.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, a pure drilling fluid sample without oil is weighed for nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, a T2 spectrum and a T2 cumulative spectrum are drawn, and the position of a pure drilling fluid peak is determined, wherein the result is shown in figure 1; drilling fluid samples with different amounts of the same additive oil were weighed for nmr analysis, and the T2 spectrum and T2 cumulative spectrum were plotted, the results of which are shown in fig. 1 and 2.
In fig. 1, the position of the drilling fluid peak is determined as the peak with a T2 relaxation time of less than 2ms by plotting the T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of pure drilling fluid without added oil; as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the different oil contents are clearly different in the T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum, with the main difference appearing in the signal amplitude. As can also be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the drilling fluid peaks do not coincide due to the different amount of drilling fluid sample used each time, and a normalization process is necessary for the purpose of comparison.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a sample of pure drilling fluid without added oil is weighed for nmr analysis, a T2 spectrum and a T2 cumulative spectrum are plotted, and the position of the drilling fluid peak is determined, the result is shown in fig. 3; drilling fluid samples with crude oils of different densities are weighed and subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, a T2 spectrum and a T2 cumulative spectrum are drawn, and the T2 geometric mean T2g of oil peaks is calculated, and the results are shown in a figure 3 and a figure 4.
In fig. 3, the position of the drilling fluid peak is determined as the peak with a T2 relaxation time of less than 2ms by plotting the T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of pure drilling fluid with no added oil; as can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, crude oils of different densities have significant differences in the T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum, with major differences occurring at the peak locations (quantitatively expressed by T2 geometric mean). As can also be seen from fig. 3 and 4, because the drilling fluid samples are used in different amounts each time, the drilling fluid peaks do not coincide and must also be normalized for comparison purposes.
From the analysis, when the drilling fluid containing the added oil and the drilling fluid containing the added oil after the relaxation reagent is added are subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling continuous analysis at certain intervals, the C1 is gradually reduced along with the circulation of the drilling fluid containing the added oil; when a drilling oil layer is encountered, the oil content and/or the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil can be changed, which is particularly embodied in the difference between the amplitude of the oil peak signal and the peak position of the oil peak in the standardized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depths, for example, if the oil quality of the formation oil and the added oil is different, a new peak or the peak position can be changed.
In addition, since the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil can be represented by C1, and the peak position of the oil peak can be represented by the geometric mean T2g of the oil peak T2, the change of the oil content and the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil can be further quantitatively represented by the difference between the geometric mean T2g of C1 and the geometric mean T2 of the oil peak.
The method takes the drilling fluid as an analysis object, carries out while-drilling analysis on the mixed added oil and the invaded formation crude oil, can timely master the oil content and the change condition of the oil quality of the drilling fluid, is beneficial to avoiding the influence of the added oil, finds new oil content display, and has important significance for improving the weak oil gas display finding rate and improving the time-speed aging of well drilling. The invention overcomes the defect that the conventional method is difficult to quantify, and the method is simpler, more convenient and more reliable and is easy to operate.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
fig. 1 is a T2 spectrum for drilling fluid without added oil and drilling fluid with added oil at different oil contents.
FIG. 2 is a T2 cumulative spectrum of additive oil containing drilling fluids of varying oil contents.
Fig. 3 is a T2 spectrum for drilling fluid without added oil and drilling fluid with different density crude oils.
FIG. 4 is a T2 cumulative spectrum of a drilling fluid containing crude oils of different densities.
Figure 5 is a T2 spectrum for drilling fluid without added oil and drilling fluid with added oil at different depths in example 1.
FIG. 6 is a T2 cumulative spectrum of drilling fluid with added oil at different depths in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, which are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting to the scope of application of the invention.
Examples
Example 1:
and weighing a pure drilling fluid sample without added oil for nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, carrying out standardization treatment, drawing a standardized T2 spectrum and a standardized T2 cumulative spectrum, and determining the position of a drilling fluid peak, wherein the result is shown in figure 5. In fig. 5, the location of the drilling fluid peak is determined as the peak with a T2 relaxation time of less than 2ms by plotting the normalized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of the neat drilling fluid without added oil.
In the construction process of a certain well, 8t of white oil is mixed into the pure drilling fluid as additive oil at the well depth of 2695 m. The nmr analysis of the drilling fluid with added oil at 2697m resulted in fig. 5 and 6, and it can be seen from fig. 5 and 6 that an oil peak appears to the right of the drilling fluid peak, with a relative oil content of 4.21%.
Then continuous nuclear magnetic resonance analysis is carried out on the drilling fluid containing the added oil, and the results are shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, and as can be seen from fig. 5 and fig. 6, the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil is obviously changed to 2850m, the oil quality is relatively heavy, the oil content is reduced from 64 to 46 in T2g, and is also reduced to 2.97%, which indicates that a set of new oil layers is encountered by the drill; after the drill reaches 3307m, the oil quality changes again, the T2g is reduced from 46 to 42, and the oil content is about 1.85%. The change of oiliness can be obviously seen from the T2 differential spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum, so that the quantitative identification and accurate evaluation of the formation crude oil in the presence of drilling fluid additive oil are realized.
Furthermore, as can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, since the normalization process is performed on the T2 spectrum and the T2 accumulated spectrum, it is apparent that the depths of 2697m and 2700m are one set; 2850m deep; 3307. 3312, 3347 and 3365m deep are the other group.
Claims (10)
1. A method for identifying a drilling encounter reservoir in the presence of drilling fluid additive oil, comprising:
a, weighing a pure drilling fluid sample without oil addition, carrying out nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, carrying out standardization, drawing a standardized T2 spectrum and a standardized T2 cumulative spectrum, and determining the position of a pure drilling fluid peak;
b, weighing a drilling fluid sample added with the added oil, performing nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, performing standardization, drawing a standardized T2 spectrum and a standardized T2 cumulative spectrum, distinguishing drilling fluid peaks and added oil peaks on the standardized T2 spectrum, recording the area A1o of the oil peaks and the total area A1 of all the peaks, and calculating the T2 geometric average T2g of the oil peaks and the oil content C1 of the drilling fluid containing the added oil;
step C, when the drilling fluid peak and the added oil peak cannot be distinguished in the step B, adding a relaxation reagent into the pure drilling fluid sample in the step A and the drilling fluid sample containing the added oil in the step B, and repeating the step A and the step B;
d, repeating the step B and/or the step C, and performing nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling continuous analysis on the drilling fluid containing the added oil and the drilling fluid containing the added oil after the relaxation reagent is added at certain intervals;
and E, judging whether the drilling meets the oil layer or not by comparing and analyzing the change of the oil content and the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth while drilling.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: and E, when the oil content and/or the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth are/is changed through comparative analysis, judging that the drilling meets the oil layer.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
e, qualitatively judging the change of the oil content of the additive oil-containing drilling fluid at the adjacent depth by comparing and analyzing the difference of the amplitude of the oil peak signals on the standardized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of the additive oil-containing drilling fluid at the adjacent depth;
the change of the oiliness of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth is qualitatively judged by comparing and analyzing the difference of the oil peak positions on the standardized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the change of the oil content of the additive oil-containing drilling fluid at the adjacent depth is quantitatively expressed by adopting the oil content C1 of the additive oil-containing drilling fluid at the adjacent depth;
the difference in the peak-to-peak positions in the normalized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum of the additive oil-containing drilling fluid at adjacent depths is quantitatively expressed using its T2 geometric mean T2 g.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: and F, after the oil-encountering layer is drilled in the step E, quantitatively evaluating the crude oil content and crude oil property of the stratum invading the shaft by comparing and analyzing the change of the oil content and the oil content of the oil-containing drilling fluid with the additive oil at the adjacent depth while drilling.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: step F is to quantitatively evaluate the formation oil content and crude oil properties invaded in the well bore by comparing and analyzing the oil content C1 of the drilling fluid containing the added oil at the adjacent depth and the T2 geometric mean T2g of the oil peak on the normalized T2 spectrum and the T2 cumulative spectrum thereof while drilling.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: and C1, calculating the oil content of the drilling fluid containing the added oil in the step B according to the following formula:
C1＝(A1o×100/A1)％。
8. the method of claim 1, wherein:
the rated sampling amount in the step A and the step B is W, and the range of the rated sampling amount is 2-12 g;
the actual sample size of the sample in step a was W0;
the actual sample size of the sample in step B was W1;
the normalization treatment in the step A is to normalize the T2 spectrum by W/W0;
the normalization in step B is carried out by normalizing the T2 spectrum with W/W1.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: and C, the concentration of the relaxation reagent in a pure drilling fluid sample or a drilling fluid sample containing added oil is more than 10000 ppm.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: and D, the distance range is 1-2 m.
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| CN107304674A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-31 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of utilization drilling well fluid nuclear magnetic resonance evaluates the logging method of reservoir oiliness |
| CN107304674B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2021-04-02 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Logging method for evaluating oil content of reservoir by using nuclear magnetic resonance of drilling fluid |
| CN109386282A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Bored under the conditions of a kind of oil emulsion drilling fluid meet oil reservoir sentence knowledge method |
| CN111380891A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for constructing drilling fluid stratum oil identification chart and method for identifying oil layer in drilling |
| CN110044946A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-23 | 张善文 | A kind of method of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance measurement carbon black oil content |
| CN111411944A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-14 | 无锡量子感知研究所 | Nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument and working mode control method and system thereof |
| CN111411944B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2024-04-09 | 国仪石油技术(无锡)有限公司 | Nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument and working mode control method and system thereof |
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