CN103356216B - The scan imaging method of CT machine, scanning imaging system and CT machine - Google Patents
The scan imaging method of CT machine, scanning imaging system and CT machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of scan imaging method of CT machine, scanning imaging system and CT machine.Collimator in described CT machine is provided with first X-ray constraint hole and second X-ray constraint hole, and the tangential direction that the size of described second X-ray constraint hole rotates in frame is less than the first X-ray constraint hole.Scan imaging method comprises: utilize the X-ray after the first X-ray constraint hole constraint to carry out preliminary scan to target area, obtain the first view data of target area; Utilize the X-ray after the second X-ray constraint hole constraint to carry out working as previous scan to target area, obtain the second view data of target area; View data corresponding with the second image data location in first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data; The image when previous scan is reconstructed according to described 3rd view data.Technical scheme in the present invention, can reduce total X-ray radiation dosage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of medical device, particularly a kind of scan imaging method of computer X-ray fault imaging (computedtomography, CT) machine, a kind of scanning imaging system of CT machine and a kind of CT machine.
Background technology
CT machine is widely used in medicine and hygiene fields as a kind of armarium and carries out imaging to assist a physician to patient.The structural representation of current a kind of CT machine is shown in Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 1, this CT machine comprises: a base support member 1, frame (gantry) 2, X-ray bulb 3, X-ray detector 4, is arranged at collimator 5, control device 6 between X-ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 and an equipment for reconstructing image 7.
Wherein, frame 2 is generally loop configuration, and is arranged on base support member 1, can rotate around the axis of self.Under normal circumstances, the direction of the axis being parallel with frame 2 is called Z-direction, the horizontal direction vertical with Z-direction is called X-direction, and Y-direction will be called with X-direction and the perpendicular direction of Z-direction respectively.Wherein, Z-direction is perpendicular to gantry rotation plane.
X-ray bulb 3 is arranged in frame 2, can launch X-ray perpendicular on the direction of Z-direction.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b is a structural representation of collimator 5.Wherein, Fig. 2 a is front view, and Fig. 2 b is top view.As shown in Figure 2 a and 2 b, this collimator 5 has the rectangular aperture 51 of the X-ray that about beam X-ray bulb 3 is launched, (in practical application, this rectangular aperture is an approximate rectangular rectangular aperture to be normally called X-ray constraint hole 51.In addition, collimator 5 also can be arranged multiple approximate rectangular aperture at Z-direction different in width, to adapt to different application needs, only for one of them approximate rectangular aperture in the present invention), it is the fan-shaped X-ray beam of setting that the X-ray that X-ray bulb 3 is launched becomes approximate rectangular in setting in z-direction in the tangential direction of frame rotation.
X-ray detector 4 is arranged on position relative with X-ray bulb 3 in frame 2, for receiving the X-ray beam after collimator 5 retrains that X-ray bulb 3 is launched, and is converted into image information and exports to equipment for reconstructing image 7.
When carrying out CT scan, for each scanning tangent plane (or claim tomography), generally can first from the information of multiple angle acquisition destination object, then according to from multiple angle acquisition to information carry out the image reconstruction of destination object.
In order to obtain the information of the multiple angle of destination object, usually controlling frame 2 by control device 6 drives X-ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 to rotate around the axis of frame 2, and in rotary course, control X-ray bulb 3 based on Time Triggered or location triggered mode to launch the X-ray that X-ray and the X-ray detector 4 pairs of X-ray bulbs 3 launch and carry out collections reception, realize the scanning trigging control of multi-angle.Wherein, X-ray bulb 3 is launched X-ray and is commonly referred to projected position with the position realizing projecting, and the projected position that X-ray launched by X-ray bulb 3 is commonly referred to projected angle relative to the angle at default zero point.X-ray bulb 3 often rotates a circle and the process of launching X-ray is called a scan period.In practical application, be generally the position of X positive direction default zero point.
The image information that equipment for reconstructing image 7 exports for receiving X-ray detector 4, and carry out image reconstruction according to the information of image information corresponding to projected positions all in each scan period and projected angle thereof.
Under normal circumstances, single pass inspection comprises the scanning in two stages, and first stage is location scanning (toposcan), is also the determination stage of sweep limits, for determining the angle of inclination of the original position, end position and the frame that scan.Second stage is tomoscan (tomoscan), the namely real scanning imagery stage.In second stage, only need carry out single pass imaging to each tomography of target area under normal circumstances, but in some special applications, as contrast agent monitoring, organ perfusion and interventional therapy etc., need to carry out repeatedly multiple scanning to the same tomography of target area.
In practical application, for the ease of image reconstruction, the sweep limits of each tomography, i.e. measurement field (Field ofMeasurement,, FOM) usually large than the area-of-interest of reality, but repeatedly scan in the application of area-of-interest in above-mentioned needs, reconstruction image between different scanning may only have area-of-interest to there is image difference, and the image that the region of interest of the reconstruction image namely between different scanning is overseas is nearly all identical.But in prior art, all with same sweep limits, X-ray scanning is carried out to target area at every turn, namely in each scanning, patient can accept the X-radiation of Isodose.Although this dosage is within safety range, the present invention is still devoted to reduce further the X-ray radiation dosage that patient is subject to.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of scan imaging method of CT machine, in order to reduce total X-ray radiation dosage.The present invention proposes a kind of scanning imaging system of CT machine and a kind of CT machine on the other hand.
The scan imaging method of the CT machine that the present invention proposes, collimator in described CT machine is provided with first X-ray constraint hole and second X-ray constraint hole, and the size of described second X-ray constraint hole is being less than the first X-ray constraint hole perpendicular in tangential direction that is identical with the first X-ray constraint hole on the direction of gantry rotation plane, that rotate in frame; The method comprises:
Utilize the X-ray after the first X-ray constraint hole constraint to carry out preliminary scan to target area, obtain the first view data of target area;
Utilize the X-ray after the second X-ray constraint hole constraint to carry out working as previous scan to target area, obtain the second view data of target area;
View data corresponding with the second image data location in first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data;
The image when previous scan is reconstructed according to described 3rd view data.
Alternatively, the size in the tangential direction that rotates in frame of described second X-ray constraint hole is determined according to the statistical value of region of interest domain sizes or empirical value.
Preferably, the point midway in the tangential direction that rotates in frame of described second X-ray constraint hole and the first X-ray constraint hole is identical.
Alternatively, the method comprises further: the image reconstructing preliminary scan according to described first view data.
The scanning imaging system of the CT machine that the present invention proposes, comprising:
A collimator, it is provided with first X-ray constraint hole and second X-ray constraint hole, and the size of described second X-ray constraint hole is being less than the first X-ray constraint hole perpendicular in tangential direction that is identical with the first X-ray constraint hole on the direction of gantry rotation plane, that rotate in frame;
A scanning device, for utilizing the X-ray after the constraint of collimator first X-ray constraint hole to carry out preliminary scan to target area, obtains the first view data of target area; Utilize the X-ray after the constraint of collimator second X-ray constraint hole to carry out working as previous scan except preliminary scan to target area, obtain the second view data of target area;
A view data synthesis unit, for view data corresponding with the second image data location in the first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data;
An equipment for reconstructing image, for reconstructing the image of preliminary scan according to described first view data, and reconstructs the image when previous scan according to described 3rd view data.
Alternatively, the size in the tangential direction that rotates in frame of described second X-ray constraint hole is determined according to the statistical value of region of interest domain sizes or empirical value.
Preferably, the point midway in the tangential direction that rotates in frame of described second X-ray constraint hole and the first X-ray constraint hole is identical.
A kind of collimator that the present invention proposes, comprise first X-ray constraint hole and second X-ray constraint hole, the size of described second X-ray constraint hole is being less than the first X-ray constraint hole perpendicular in tangential direction that is identical with the first X-ray constraint hole on the direction of gantry rotation plane, that rotate in frame; Described first X-ray constraint hole is used for retraining X-ray when carrying out preliminary scan to target area; Described second X-ray constraint hole is used for retraining X-ray when carrying out the scanning except preliminary scan to target area.
The CT machine that the present invention proposes, comprises the scanning imaging system of the CT machine of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment.
As can be seen from such scheme, because the present invention only adopts the first X-ray constraint hole to retrain X-ray to preliminary scan, namely larger sweep limits is adopted to scan, and adopt the second X-ray constraint hole to retrain X-ray to follow-up multiple scanning, namely less sweep limits is adopted to scan, and when carrying out image reconstruction, the first view data that the second view data obtained follow up scan utilizes preliminary scan to obtain carries out supplementing of missing data.Thus make as under the prerequisite of reconstruction quality, to reduce the X-ray radiation dosage of follow-up multiple scanning at not effect diagram, thus reduce total radiation dose.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail by referring to accompanying drawing below, the person of ordinary skill in the art is more clear that above-mentioned and other feature and advantage of the present invention, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of current a kind of CT machine.
The structural representation that Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b is the collimator in the machine of CT shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the scan imaging method of CT machine in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b is a structural representation of collimator in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 e is be the scanning imagery process schematic of example with spherical model in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the scanning imaging system of CT machine in the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, Reference numeral is as follows:
1-base support member 2-frame 3-X ray tube
4-X ray detector 5-collimator 6-control device
7-equipment for reconstructing image 51-first X-ray constraint hole 52-second X-ray constraint hole
301-is that the first X-ray constraint hole arranges the second X-ray constraint hole
302-utilizes the X-ray after the first X-ray constraint hole 51 retrains to carry out preliminary scan to target area, obtains the first view data
303-reconstructs the image of preliminary scan according to described first view data
304-judges whether to need to continue scanning, as needs, performs step 305
305-utilizes the X-ray after the second X-ray constraint hole 52 retrains to carry out working as previous scan to target area, obtains the second view data
View data corresponding with the second image data location in first view data is replaced with the second view data by 306-, obtains the 3rd view data
307-reconstructs the image when previous scan according to the 3rd view data
601-collimator 602-scanning device 603-view data synthesis unit
604-equipment for reconstructing image
Detailed description of the invention
In order to reduce the total radiation dosage of X-ray, consider when multiple scanning is carried out to same target area, the feature of the reconstruction image between different scanning, namely the reconstruction image between different scanning may only have area-of-interest to there is image difference, the image of the regions of non-interest of the reconstruction image namely between different scanning is nearly all identical, consider only to adopt larger sweep limits to preliminary scan, and adopt less sweep limits to scan to follow-up multiple scanning, when carrying out image reconstruction, the view data that the view data obtained follow up scan utilizes preliminary scan to obtain carries out supplementing of missing data.Thus make as under the prerequisite of reconstruction quality, to reduce the X-ray radiation dosage of follow-up multiple scanning at not effect diagram, thus reduce total radiation dose.
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, the present invention is described in more detail by the following examples.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the scan imaging method of CT machine in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, the method comprises the steps:
Step 301, is being less than its second X-ray constraint hole 52 for current first X-ray constraint hole 51 of collimator 3 arranges one with it in advance perpendicular to size in tangential direction that is measure-alike on the direction of gantry rotation plane, that rotate in frame.In other words, collimator 3 is provided with first X-ray constraint hole 51 and second X-ray constraint hole 52, and the size of described second X-ray constraint hole 52 is being less than the first X-ray constraint hole 51 perpendicular in tangential direction that is identical with the first X-ray constraint hole 51 on the direction of gantry rotation plane, that rotate in frame.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b is a structural representation of collimator in the embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, Fig. 4 a is front view, and Fig. 4 b is top view.As shown in figures 4 a and 4b, in the tangential direction measure-alike in the direction perpendicular to gantry rotation plane with the first X-ray constraint hole 51, that rotate in frame with that this collimator 5 have the first X-ray constraint hole 51 of the X-ray that about beam X-ray bulb is launched, size is less than the second X-ray constraint hole 52 of the first X-ray constraint hole 51.
Size in the tangential direction that second X-ray constraint hole 52 rotates in frame can be determined according to the size statistic value of area-of-interest or empirical value, is usually more than or equal to, preferably equals, area-of-interest (FOI) size statistic value or empirical value.In addition, the point midway of the tangential direction that the mid point in the tangential direction that rotates in frame of the second X-ray constraint hole 52 can rotate in frame with the first X-ray constraint hole 51 is identical.
Step 302, utilizes the X-ray after the first X-ray constraint hole 51 retrains to carry out preliminary scan to target area, obtains the first view data of target area.
In this step, controlled frame 2 by control device 6 and drive X-ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 to rotate and control X-ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 carry out X-ray scanning and gather time, for preliminary scan, the first X-ray constraint hole of collimator 5 can be utilized to retrain the X-ray that X-ray bulb 3 is launched, make X-ray detector 4 obtain the first view data of corresponding preliminary scan.In practical application, also can realize all combination of devices of X-ray scanning, the combination of devices as comprised above-mentioned control device 6, frame 2, X-ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 is called scanning device.Namely, in this step, the X-ray after the first X-ray constraint hole 51 retrains can be utilized to carry out preliminary scan to target area by scanning device, obtain the first view data of target area.
Fig. 5 a is the schematic diagram of the first view data obtained after utilizing the X-ray after the first X-ray constraint hole 51 retrains to carry out preliminary scan to a spherical model.
Step 303, reconstructs the image of preliminary scan according to described first view data.
In this step, the image of preliminary scan can be reconstructed according to this first view data by equipment for reconstructing image 7.
Fig. 5 b is the spherical model image after the first view data reconstruction according to Fig. 5 a.
Step 304, judges whether to need to continue scanning, as needs, then performs step 305; Otherwise, terminate present scan inspection.
Step 305, utilizes the X-ray after the second X-ray constraint hole 52 retrains to carry out working as previous scan to target area, obtains the second view data of target area.
In this step, the X-ray after the second X-ray constraint hole 52 retrains can be utilized to carry out preliminary scan to target area by scanning device, obtain the second view data of target area.Equally, in this step, controlled frame 2 by control device 6 and drive X-ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 to rotate and control X-ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 carry out X-ray scanning and gather time, for time scanning of other except preliminary scan, the second X-ray constraint hole of collimator 5 can be utilized to retrain the X-ray that X-ray bulb 3 is launched, make X-ray detector 4 obtain corresponding the second view data when previous scan, and give a view data merge cells by this second image data transmission.This view data merge cells can be arranged in equipment for reconstructing image.
Fig. 5 c utilizes the X-ray after the second X-ray constraint hole 52 retrains to carry out the second view data when obtaining after previous scan to the spherical model that centre there occurs change.
Step 306, replaces with the second view data by view data corresponding with the second image data location in the first view data, obtains the 3rd view data.
In this step, by a view data synthesis unit, view data corresponding with the second image data location in the first view data can be replaced with the second view data, obtain the 3rd view data.This view data synthesis unit can be arranged in equipment for reconstructing image 7, also can be positioned at outside equipment for reconstructing image 7.
Three view data of Fig. 5 d for obtaining after view data corresponding with the second image data location shown in Fig. 5 c in the first view data shown in Fig. 5 a is replaced with the second view data shown in Fig. 5 c.
Step 307, reconstructs the image when previous scan according to described 3rd view data; And return execution step 304.
In this step, image when previous scan can be reconstructed by equipment for reconstructing image 7 according to the 3rd view data.
Fig. 5 e is the spherical model image after the 3rd view data reconstruction according to Fig. 5 d.
Corresponding with the scan imaging method of the machine of CT shown in Fig. 3, the scanning imaging system of the CT machine in the embodiment of the present invention can as shown in Figure 6, comprise: a collimator 601, scanning device 602, view data synthesis unit 603 and an equipment for reconstructing image 604.
Wherein, collimator 601 includes the first X-ray constraint hole, and the first X-ray constraint hole of corresponding collimator 601 is provided with second X-ray constraint hole, this second X-ray constraint hole is measure-alike with the first X-ray constraint hole on the direction of Z-direction perpendicular to gantry rotation plane, size is less than the second less X-ray constraint hole of the first X-ray constraint hole in the tangential direction that rotates at XY planar frame.Size in the tangential direction that second X-ray constraint hole rotates at XY planar frame can be determined according to the statistical value of region of interest size or empirical value.In addition, the point midway in the tangential direction that the mid point in the tangential direction that rotates in frame of the second X-ray constraint hole can rotate in frame with the first X-ray constraint hole is identical.
Scanning device 602 carries out preliminary scan for utilizing the X-ray after the constraint of collimator 601 first X-ray constraint hole to target area, obtains the first view data of target area; Utilize the X-ray after the constraint of collimator 601 second X-ray constraint hole to carry out working as previous scan except preliminary scan to target area, obtain the second view data of target area.In practical application, this scanning device 602 can comprise the necessary device for realizing X-ray scanning, such as, comprise the control device of shown in Fig. 16, frame 2, X-ray bulb 3 and an X-ray detector 4.
View data synthesis unit 603, for view data corresponding with the second image data location in the first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data.This view data synthesis unit 603 can be arranged in equipment for reconstructing image 604, also can be positioned at outside equipment for reconstructing image 604.It can be hardware structure circuit, also can be the storage medium of the computer program code stored for realizing view data synthesis.
Equipment for reconstructing image 604 is for reconstructing the image of preliminary scan according to described first view data; And, reconstruct the image when previous scan according to described 3rd view data.
CT machine in the embodiment of the present invention can comprise the scanning imaging system of the CT machine of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment.
The invention discloses a kind of scan imaging method of CT machine, scanning imaging system and CT machine.Wherein, the scan imaging method of CT machine comprises: the collimator in described CT machine is provided with first X-ray constraint hole and second X-ray constraint hole, and the size of described second X-ray constraint hole is being less than the first X-ray constraint hole perpendicular in tangential direction that is identical with the first X-ray constraint hole on the direction of gantry rotation plane, that rotate in frame; The method comprises: utilize the X-ray after the first X-ray constraint hole constraint to carry out preliminary scan to target area, obtain the first view data of target area; Utilize the X-ray after the second X-ray constraint hole constraint to carry out working as previous scan to target area, obtain the second view data of target area; View data corresponding with the second image data location in first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data; The image when previous scan is reconstructed according to described 3rd view data.。
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the scan imaging method of a CT machine, collimator in described CT machine is provided with first X-ray constraint hole and second X-ray constraint hole, and the size of described second X-ray constraint hole is being less than the first X-ray constraint hole perpendicular in tangential direction that is identical with the first X-ray constraint hole on the direction of gantry rotation plane, that rotate in frame; The method comprises:
Utilize the X-ray after the first X-ray constraint hole constraint to carry out preliminary scan to target area, obtain the first view data of target area;
Utilize the X-ray after the second X-ray constraint hole constraint to carry out working as previous scan to target area, obtain the second view data of target area;
View data corresponding with the second image data location in first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data;
The image when previous scan is reconstructed according to described 3rd view data.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the size in the tangential direction that described second X-ray constraint hole rotates in frame is determined according to the statistical value of region of interest domain sizes or empirical value.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the point midway in the tangential direction that described second X-ray constraint hole and the first X-ray constraint hole rotate in frame is identical.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises further: the image reconstructing preliminary scan according to described first view data.
5. a scanning imaging system for CT machine, comprising:
A collimator (5,601), it is provided with first X-ray constraint hole (51) and second X-ray constraint hole (52), and the size of described second X-ray constraint hole is being less than the first X-ray constraint hole perpendicular in tangential direction that is identical with the first X-ray constraint hole on the direction of gantry rotation plane, that rotate in frame;
A scanning device (602), for utilizing the X-ray after collimator (5,601) the first X-ray constraint hole (51) constraint to carry out preliminary scan to target area, obtains the first view data of target area; Utilize the X-ray after collimator (5,601) the second X-ray constraint hole (52) constraint to carry out working as previous scan except preliminary scan to target area, obtain the second view data of target area;
A view data synthesis unit (603), for view data corresponding with the second image data location in the first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data;
An equipment for reconstructing image (604), for reconstructing the image of preliminary scan according to described first view data, and reconstructs the image when previous scan according to described 3rd view data.
6. system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the size in the tangential direction that described second X-ray constraint hole (52) rotates in frame is determined according to the statistical value of region of interest domain sizes or empirical value.
7. the system according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that, the point midway in the tangential direction that described second X-ray constraint hole (52) and the first X-ray constraint hole rotate in frame is identical.
8. a CT machine, comprises the scanning imaging system according to any one of claim 5 to 7.
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| CN102036610A (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2011-04-27 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Dynamic adjustable source collimation during fly-by scanning |
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| CN102209494A (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2011-10-05 | 佳能株式会社 | X-ray imaging apparatus |
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| JP2003114203A (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Ct apparatus |
| US6792077B2 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-09-14 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | Collimation system for dual slice EBT scanner |
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| CN1515228A (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2004-07-28 | 株式会社东芝 | X-ray CT device |
| CN102036610A (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2011-04-27 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Dynamic adjustable source collimation during fly-by scanning |
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