CN103350098B - The treatment process of a kind of changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry - Google Patents
The treatment process of a kind of changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry, comprise the following steps, (1), collect changing food waste in life and plant's dead livestock and poultry changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry being classified; (2), sorted changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry are carried out harmless treatment and obtain oil water mixture; (3), the oil water mixture obtained is transported to oil water separator to carry out water-oil separating and obtain grease and waste water; (4), by the grease after water-oil separating be used for making biodiesel, isolated waste water is passed into marsh-gas fermentation tank and carries out biogas fermentation.The present invention adopts technique scheme changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry effectively can be processed and obtain the energy, fertilizer and feed addictive, finally effectively realizes the resource of rubbish, harmless treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection technical field, particularly relate to the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry.
Background technology
Changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry are the discarded objects the most general produced in the daily life of city, belong to domestic waste, its main component comprises the organic matters such as starch food, string, animal protein and fats, there is moisture content high, grease, salt content are high, perishable smelly, are unfavorable for the features such as common garbage truck transport, if this kind of rubbish, without classification special treatment, can cause great harm to environment.
Changing food waste is mainly derived from the food process leftover bits and pieces (kitchen is remaining) of the generations such as food and restaurant service industry, family and enterprises and institutions dining room and edible remaining (hogwash).Along with the develop rapidly of our national economy, the quickening gradually of urbanization process, the output of changing food waste presents the trend risen year by year.At home large-scale, as Beijing in megapolis, Shanghai, Shenzhen etc., the daily output of changing food waste reaches thousands of tons of, the annual production of whole nation changing food waste reaches ten million ton, simple landfill, takies a large amount of soil, and percolate and the landfill gas of generation also need post-processed, at substantial manpower, material resources.
Changing food waste not yet carries out standardized management in a lot of city at present, and it is dirty and messy that collection container puts ground environment, multiplies and attract the insects such as mosquito, fly, mouse, cockroach, infectivity disease, and the harm people's is healthy.Refuse collection easily produces bad smell near ground, causes the dislike on people's sense organ; Due to the characteristic that changing food waste water content is higher, in the process of transport, there is series of problems.Haulage vehicle is lack of standardization, changing food waste easily occurs and leaks outside and pour down or forth, have a strong impact on the appearance of the city, city's looks and traffic; Most importantly the rubbish of urban catering enterprise is many is collected by raiser, directly use as breeding feed, pathogenic microorganism containing a large amount of infectious diseases common to human beings and animals in changing food waste, not only easily causes zoogenetic infection virus, also easily causes the diseases such as human infection aftosa, hepatitis.Pig feed with after very easily infect and bring out various disease, the dosage to sick pig certainly will be strengthened, thus the residual of antibiotics can be strengthened, enter human body by pork, easily health is worked the mischief.Kitchen castoff, be subject to the pollution of the heavy metals such as aluminium, mercury, cadmium and organic compound, benzene-like compounds, by pig feed with after, harmful substance is accumulated in the tissue such as fat, muscle of pig, people eats to a certain extent, and the systemic immune function such as liver, kidney will be caused to decline.Waste oil is also collected refining again simultaneously becomes cheap edible oil, and commercially again circulate, the harm people's is healthy.
In-problem while, changing food waste also can be used as potential energy supply body because it is rich in organic matter.By appropriate processing method, the energy contained in changing food waste can be discharged, be converted into electric energy, heat energy, effectively supplementing as conventional energy resource carrier.In the period that current China is becoming tight energy supply day, seek new forms of energy extremely urgent, utilize changing food waste to be can yet be regarded as rational solution by the maturation process technical limit spacing energy.
In addition, changing food waste is made feed homology may be caused to pollute.The animalsderived feedstuffs that the animal tissues such as so-called homology pollutes the meat referring to its species of animal edible, bone, blood produce, generation potential, the uncertain risk that spreads disease.Exactly containing animal tissue in changing food waste, directly as animal feed, there is potential risk.
Except directly using as forage feed animal, the grease part in changing food waste again uses also to produce the health of the mankind as edible oil (waste oil) after being refined by lawless person and threatens.Containing aflatoxins in waste oil, the toxin impurity such as benzene, the long-term edible generation that can cause chronic disease, can be more carcinogenic time more serious, and therefore, recycling treatment innoxious to changing food waste is necessary.
In recent years, livestock and poultry, in raising or transportation, often have the livestock and poultry generation disease of larger amt or the death of unknown cause.The raiser of part rural area and outlying mountain area owing to lacking dead livestock and poultry harmless treatment general knowledge, often dead livestock and poultry is thrown nearby in pond, river, what have is then at will discarded between garden, mountain, field, or locally process, obviously existence is buried deeply, sterilization is tight, process halfway situation.Processing and edible dead livestock and poultry event been has even has been investigated and prosecuted in indivedual place.What is more, when there are unknown cause death livestock and poultry in some long-distance traffic persons in the transportation of live pig poultry, and just careless Pao Shi highway limit on the way.This not only causes serious environmental pollution, also leaves hidden danger to Field of Animal Epidemic Disease Control.
Along with the issue of laws and regulations such as " livestock and poultry die of illness meat corpse and products thereof harmless treatment code " and technical specification is implemented, dead livestock and poultry harmless treatment industry obtains initial development.Animal husbandry development " 12 " planning requirement, constantly promotes dead livestock and poultry harmless treatment work and progressively to move towards the industrialization pattern.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is the deficiency for above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided one changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry effectively can be processed and obtain the energy, fertilizer and feed addictive, finally effectively realize the resource of rubbish, the changing food waste of harmless treatment, the treatment process of dead livestock and poultry.
In order to solve the problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions: the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry, comprises the following steps,
(1) changing food waste in life and plant's dead livestock and poultry changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry being classified, is collected;
(2), sorted changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry are carried out harmless treatment and obtain oil water mixture;
(3), the oil water mixture obtained is transported to oil water separator to carry out water-oil separating and obtain grease and waste water;
(4), by the grease after water-oil separating be used for making biodiesel, isolated waste water is passed into marsh-gas fermentation tank and carries out biogas fermentation.
Below further improvement of the present invention:
The harmless treatment step of described changing food waste is as follows:
A, classification: the oil water mixture in changing food waste is separated with solid material;
B, sorting: the available material in solid material is separated with unavailable material;
C, high-temperature sterilization: the utilized material obtained is carried out thermophilic digestion sterilizing;
D, Separation of Solid and Liquid: the utilized material after high-temperature sterilization is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid, oil water mixture is separated with solid material;
E, water-oil separating: solid material isolated in steps d is processed into feed addictive, and the oil water mixture in oil water mixture isolated in steps d and step a is transported to oil water separator carries out water-oil separating.
F, generation biogas: the waste water produced in step e is input to marsh-gas fermentation tank and carries out biogas fermentation, produce biogas.
G, making biodiesel: the grease after water-oil separating in step e is used for making biodiesel.
Further improvement:
In step b, sorting comprises two steps, first carries out a level sortation by unavailable Material Sorting larger for volume out by sorter, then carry out two level sortations by the unavailable Material Sorting of small volume out by sorter during sorting.
Further improvement:
In step c, high temperature sterilization carries out in high temperature sterilization cooker.
Further improvement:
The sterilising temp of described high temperature sterilization cooker is 270-290 DEG C, and digestion time is 20-40 minute.
Further improvement:
In step e, solid material carries out oven dry aft-loaded airfoil by dryer and becomes feed addictive.
Further improvement:
The harmless treatment step of described dead livestock and poultry is as follows:
I, the airtight collecting cart of dead livestock and poultry having electronic scale, automatic charging is transported to harmless treatment workshop, by sorted dead livestock and poultry animal body, carries out spraying disinfection;
II, the dead livestock and poultry animal body after sterilization is put into the disintegrating machine that unmakes after hot water injection and carry out cutting and crushing;
III, the solid material after cutting and crushing is carried out thermophilic digestion sterilization, the waste water produced is input to marsh-gas fermentation tank carries out biogas fermentation in step II cutting and crushing process;
IV, the solidliquid mixture produced after thermophilic digestion sterilization is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid;
V, the solid material after Separation of Solid and Liquid is processed into fertilizer additive, the oil water mixture after Separation of Solid and Liquid in step IV is transported to separator and carries out water-oil separating.
Further improvement:
Also needed to classify according to poultry, fowl to dead livestock and poultry animal body before carrying out step II.
Further improvement:
The domestic animals that will die of illness directly input the disintegrating machine that unmakes and carry out cutting and crushing, and first the bird that will die of illness puts into after automatic unhairing machine loses hair or feathers and be input to the disintegrating machine that unmakes.
Further improvement:
The poultry feather of dying of illness taken off by automatic unhairing machine makes feather meal.
Further improvement:
In step III, high temperature sterilization carries out in high temperature sterilization cooker.
Further improvement:
Temperature when high temperature sterilization cooker carries out sterilization is 270-290 DEG C, and sterilization time is 2.5-3.5 hour.
Further improvement:
Described high temperature sterilization cooker is heated by heat conducting oil boiler, the biogas heating of described heat conducting oil boiler by producing in step II.
Further improvement:
First solidliquid mixture in step IV was passed into heat exchanger and cools before carrying out Separation of Solid and Liquid, recycled after being heated by the cold water in heat exchanger by energy exchange.
Further improvement:
In step IV, Separation of Solid and Liquid is separated twice separation is separated with oil mixing with water liquid by solid material through centrifuge separation, roller machine successively.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, and the solid material in changing food waste can be used for Fodder making additive; Dead livestock and poultry can effectively avoid dead livestock and poultry contaminated environment after treatment, in processing procedure, create the biogas that can be used for the energy and create fertilizer, the oil water mixture produced in changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry processing procedure can make biodiesel after isolating grease, the liquid in garbage processing procedure separable go out for making biogas, natural pond liquid, natural pond slag; Before Fodder making additive, high-temperature sterilization is carried out to solid material, effectively kill the germ in material, effectively raise the security of offeedfor animal consumption additive, reach the degree of safety asepsis, effectively realize the resource of rubbish, harmless treatment.
detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry, comprises the steps:
(1) changing food waste in life and plant's dead livestock and poultry changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry being classified, is collected;
(2), sorted changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry are carried out harmless treatment and obtain oil water mixture;
(3), oil water mixture is transported to oily water separating equipment and carries out water-oil separating;
(4), by the grease after water-oil separating be used for making biodiesel, isolated waste water is passed into marsh-gas fermentation tank and carries out biogas fermentation.
The harmless treatment step of described changing food waste is as follows:
A, classification:
Changing food waste is poured in the feed tank of harmless treatment workshop, the liquid materials such as oil water mixture flow into oily water separating equipment through sewer, and the disabled solid material of the metals such as chopsticks, plastic products, bottle cap and leftovers etc. can be stayed in the feed tank of harmless treatment workshop by solid material.
B, sorting:
By rubbish elevator, solid material is transported to sorter and carries out a level sortation, by Material Sorting larger for the specific volume such as chopsticks, polybag out, remaining material is transported to feeding platform through plate feeder carry out two level sortations by sorter and sorted out by less for bottle cap equal-volume hard ware material, residue can utilize material.
C, high-temperature sterilization:
The above-mentioned mass transport that utilizes is carried out high temperature sterilization to high temperature sterilization cooker, and sterilising temp boiling controls at 270-290 DEG C, and digestion time is 20-40 minute.
D, Separation of Solid and Liquid:
Utilized mass transport after high-temperature sterilization is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid to solid-liquid separating equipment, and solid material carries out oven dry by dryer after separating and is used as feed addictive, and isolated oil water mixture is input to above-mentioned oily water separating equipment.
The harmless treatment step of described dead livestock and poultry is as follows:
I, sorted dead livestock and poultry animal body be transported to harmless treatment workshop charging aperture by airtight collecting cart and carry out spraying disinfection by chlorination equipment.
II, the dead livestock and poultry animal body after having sterilized is transported to harmless treatment workshop feeding platform, by fully automatic feeding device, dead livestock and poultry is classified, after more than 100 DEG C hot water injections, as the domestic animals such as pig, ox, sheep directly deliver into the disintegrating machine that unmakes, carry out depilation process as the bird such as chicken, duck is transported to automatic unhairing machine, after having lost hair or feathers, be transported to the disintegrating machine that unmakes again.
To pass in depilator in depilation processing procedure that the hot water of more than 100 DEG C is auxiliary to lose hair or feathers, the feather taken off for making feather meal, as feed addictive.
III, by the disintegrating machine that unmakes, cutting and crushing is carried out to above-mentioned dead livestock and poultry animal body, high-pressure spraying flushing is carried out by bubble washer after cutting and crushing completes, the solid materials such as animal body are transported to high temperature sterilization cooker and carry out high-temperature sterilization, waste water (mainly comprising containing blood, ight soil etc.) after rinsing is entered marsh-gas fermentation tank, makes biogas, natural pond liquid, natural pond slag.
IV, heat high temperature sterilization cooker to 270-290 DEG C, boiling 2.5-3.5 hour, at this moment animal body becomes solid-liquid mixture.
V, solid-liquid mixture is discharged, solid-liquid mixture is joined centrifuge successively, roller machine carries out twice Separation of Solid and Liquid, the solid material obtained after separation makes fertilizer additive through oven dry, and the oil water mixture obtained after separation is transported to oil water separator and carries out water-oil separating.
Described high temperature sterilization cooker connects heat conducting oil boiler and is heated by heat-conducting oil pipes, the biogas produced in described marsh-gas fermentation tank provides energy for giving heating heat conducting oil boiler.
First solidliquid mixture in step IV was passed into heat exchanger and cools before carrying out Separation of Solid and Liquid, cold water in heat exchanger is heated to more than 100 DEG C by energy exchange, the hot water after heating in heat exchanger is passed in the depilator in step II and carry out auxiliary depilation use.
In marsh-gas fermentation tank, anaerobic fermentation process is carried out to waste water, organic matter is wherein under the effect of anaerobic bacteria, under suitable temperature conditions, degraded produces biogas by fermentation, the natural pond slag that the water content produced after degraded is less uses as organic fertilizer after treatment, natural pond liquid uses as liquid fertilizer, thus realize garbage decrement recycling, containing 55%-75%(volumetric concentration in the biogas produced after fermentation) methane, can be used for generating, heat supplies etc., can alleviate the situation of energy supply anxiety.
Claims (11)
1. a treatment process for changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: comprise
Following steps,
(1), by changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry car be transported to harmless treatment workshop, and changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry are classified;
(2), sorted changing food waste and dead livestock and poultry are carried out harmless treatment and obtain oil water mixture;
(3), the oil water mixture obtained is transported to oily water separating equipment to carry out water-oil separating and obtain grease and waste water;
(4), by the grease after water-oil separating be used for making biodiesel, isolated waste water is passed into marsh-gas fermentation tank and carries out biogas fermentation;
The harmless treatment step of described dead livestock and poultry is as follows:
I, by sorted dead livestock and poultry animal body, spraying disinfection is carried out;
II, the dead livestock and poultry animal body after sterilization is put into the disintegrating machine that unmakes and carry out cutting and crushing;
III, the solid material after cutting and crushing is carried out thermophilic digestion sterilization, the waste water produced is input to marsh-gas fermentation tank carries out biogas fermentation in cutting and crushing process;
IV, the solidliquid mixture produced after thermophilic digestion sterilization is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid;
V, the solid material after Separation of Solid and Liquid is processed into fertilizer and raises additive, the oil water mixture after Separation of Solid and Liquid is transported to separator and carries out water-oil separating;
Also needed, to dead livestock and poultry animal body with hot water injection, to classify according to poultry, fowl after flushing before carrying out step II;
The domestic animals that will die of illness directly input the disintegrating machine that unmakes and carry out cutting and crushing, and first the bird that will die of illness puts into after automatic unhairing machine loses hair or feathers and be input to the disintegrating machine that unmakes;
The poultry feather of dying of illness taken off by automatic unhairing machine makes feather meal.
2. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 1, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: the harmless treatment step of described changing food waste is as follows:
A, classification: the oil water mixture in changing food waste is separated with solid material;
B, sorting: the available material in solid material is separated with unavailable material;
C, high-temperature sterilization: the utilized material obtained is carried out thermophilic digestion sterilization;
D, Separation of Solid and Liquid: the utilized material after high-temperature sterilization is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid, oil water mixture is separated with solid material;
E, water-oil separating: isolated solids is processed into feed addictive, and the oil water mixture in oil water mixture isolated in steps d and step a is transported to oil water separator carries out water-oil separating.
3. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 2, dead livestock and poultry, it is characterized in that: in step b, sorting comprises two steps, first carry out a level sortation by unavailable Material Sorting larger for volume out by sorter during sorting, then carry out two level sortations by the unavailable Material Sorting of small volume out by sorter.
4. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 2, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: in step c, high temperature sterilization carries out in high temperature sterilization cooker.
5. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 4, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: the sterilising temp in described high temperature sterilization cooker is 270-290 DEG C, and digestion time is 20-40 minute.
6. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 2, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: in step e, solid material carries out oven dry aft-loaded airfoil by dryer and becomes feed addictive.
7. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 6, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: in step III, thermophilic digestion sterilization is carried out in high temperature sterilization cooker.
8. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 7, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: temperature when high temperature sterilization cooker carries out sterilizing is 270-290 DEG C, and sterilization time is 2.5-3.5 hour.
9. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 8, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: described high temperature sterilization cooker is heated by heat conducting oil boiler, the biogas heating of described heat conducting oil boiler by producing in step III.
10. the treatment process of a kind of changing food waste according to claim 9, dead livestock and poultry, it is characterized in that: first the solidliquid mixture in step IV was passed into heat exchanger and cools before carrying out Separation of Solid and Liquid, the cold water in heat exchanger is recycled by energy exchange heating.
The treatment process of 11. a kind of changing food wastes according to claim 10, dead livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: in step IV, Separation of Solid and Liquid is separated twice separation is separated with oil mixing with water liquid by solid material through centrifuge separation, roller machine successively.
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| CN104609584B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-07-20 | 上海市动物无害化处理中心 | Animals died of illness humidifying method processes waste water suspension separating technology and device |
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| CN1169753C (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2004-10-06 | 辉盟兴业有限公司 | Method for regenerating organic fertilizer fron kitchen wastes |
| JP2001232329A (en) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-08-28 | Toshiaki Aranaka | Fast fermentation treating method of animal dead body |
| EP1217075A3 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2003-08-27 | ReDeLa HERSTELLUNG UND VERTRIEB VON BAUSTOFFEN GmbH | Process for recycling of animal corpses |
| JP2002273377A (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2002-09-24 | Toshiaki Aranaka | Apparatus for fermentation of animal's carcass |
| CN1187140C (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-02 | 陈建乐 | Biological treatment for organic garbage from dining room and kitchen |
| CN1596692A (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2005-03-23 | 清华大学 | Method of preparing feed from restaurant refuse by wet heating method |
| JP4628740B2 (en) * | 2004-10-05 | 2011-02-09 | 株式会社 山有 | Recycling method of organic waste in slaughterhouse |
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| CN101268803B (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2011-09-07 | 宁波开诚生态技术有限公司 | Processing method for castoff of food and drink |
| CN101058097B (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2011-04-06 | 张虎明 | Resource using method for food and drink garbage |
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