CN103344297A - Method for measuring reservoir storage capacity of underground water-seal cave depot - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for measuring the reservoir storage capacity of an underground water-seal cave depot. The method includes the following steps that an underground water-seal cave depot measurement control network is established; after the measurement control network is established, measuring parameters of the cross section of the underground water-seal cave depot are defined and the underground water-seal cave depot is scanned; after the scanned data are managed, three-dimensional data of the underground water-seal cave depot are finally obtained; three-dimensional modeling forming is conducted on the three-dimensional data of the underground water-seal cave depot, namely, a plurality of adjacent triangulation networks are established, so that a solid model is constructed and sectioned according to the defined axis vertical direction to form the cross section with the corresponding height; the area of the cross section multiplied by a corresponding and equal height value is computed to obtain the volume of the cross section, the total reservoir storage capacity of the underground water-seal cave depot is obtained according to the total height of the measured underground water-seal cave depot, and the precise volume of the reservoir storage capacity of the underground water-seal cave depot is obtained through adjustment of measured point location precision and measured point location density of the cross section of the underground water-seal cave depot.

Description

The reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot

Technical field

The present invention relates to cave depot storage capacity cubic content measurement field, relate in particular to a kind of reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot.

Background technology

Current society, measure accurately for the volume of underground karst cavity or cave depot and to belong to the technical matters that needs to be resolved hurrily, though the 3-D scanning technology is having bigger achievement aspect the collection of contour of object three-dimensional coordinate at present, but because the span of cave depot is big, high abutment wall, irregular rock wall, all bring very big technical barrier to measurement volumes, be difficult to realize the collection of big cave depot volume, even also be inaccurate because its condition of scanning harshness is measured corresponding volume, and error is very big, and the instrument and equipment price is expensive, and being widely used also exists certain limitation.Do not use high-tech product to realize corresponding cave depot measurement means at present for the measurement aspect of cave depot capacity yet.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is intended to solve at least the technical matters that exists in the prior art, has proposed to special innovation a kind of reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot, comprises the steps:

Step 1 is set up underground water seal cave depot SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK;

Step 2 after SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK is finished in foundation, defines underground water seal cave depot section survey parameter, and underground water seal cave depot is scanned;

Step 3 is put the data after the scanning in order, finally obtains the three-dimensional data of underground water seal cave depot;

Step 4 is carried out the three-dimensional modeling moulding to the three-dimensional data of underground water seal cave depot, namely sets up some adjacent triangulation networks, constitutes solid model, dissects the section that forms corresponding height according to the axle vertical direction of definition then;

Step 5, calculate the area of section, height value with corresponding equalization, obtain the volume of described section, overall height according to the underground water seal cave depot of measuring, obtain underground water seal cave depot aggregate storage capacity, adjust the positional accuracy of underground water seal cave depot section survey and put the accurate storage capacity volume that bit density obtains underground water seal cave depot.

The reservoir storage survey method of described underground water seal cave depot, preferred, described step 1 comprises:

Step 1-1, ground control point or in-cavity construction reference mark are that benchmark is set up unified SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK to whole cave depot, controlling on the basis of netting needing sites measured to carry out the encryption at reference mark, adopt accurate fourth class tracerse survey method, after compensating computation, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate at each reference mark.

The reservoir storage survey method of described underground water seal cave depot, preferred, described step 2 comprises:

Step 2-1 sets up and finishes after the underground water seal cave depot SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK, and the design transversal section parameter according to design data definition vertical curve, horizontal curve and each measuring point obtains closed design reference section;

Step 2-2, the definition vertical curve, wherein the data of vertical curve are the radius of mileage, elevation, knick point and tangent line, Origin And Destination;

Step 2-3, the definition horizontal curve, wherein horizontal curve is the data of describing, determine the center line of road accurate location, and the horizontal curve data are mileage, line style, turning radius, the coordinate of line element starting point;

Step 2-4, definition transversal section parameter, wherein the transversal section supplemental characteristic is that right-handed coordinate system is tried to achieve, coordinate system is initial point with circuit at section mileage place designed elevation point, be X-axis with line midline working direction right side normal, be Y-axis with the initial point zenith direction, during the input design section, according to importing every section straight line and circular arc clockwise successively.

The reservoir storage survey method of described underground water seal cave depot, preferred, described step 3 comprises:

Step 3-1, near the center line of underground water seal cave depot bottom, set up total powerstation and centering leveling, adopt the method for freely establishing the station, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate of survey station point, select horizontal curve, vertical curve, the transversal section type, according to the dot spacing setting of 0.5 meter of 1 meter in mileage direction and vertical direction, measure scanning then;

Step 3-2, record transversal section mileage, the period of measurement point, middle partially distance, the discrepancy in elevation, three-dimensional coordinate.

The reservoir storage survey method of described underground water seal cave depot, preferred, described step 4 comprises:

Step 4-1 adopts measured database to handle measurement data, and the cross-sectioning data-switching is become the line file form, and each the section point in the line file is the section of being combined into earlier, forms the line string by all sections of a cave depot;

Step 4-2 by some adjacent triangular facets, is rolled into the ventilative entity in inside and outside; Entity is by a series of points on line, is linked to be the ventilative triangulation network in inside and outside, and must there be adjacent triangular facet on the limit of any triangular facet, and 3 summits of any triangular facet must be attached on the effective point;

Step 4-3 forms each triangular facet of entity if having self intersection, do not have and face the limit mutually, repeat limit, invalid edges, and then entity is not effective entity, and invalid entity can not volume calculated, space constraint, logical operation;

Step 4-4, validation verification by entity, between the entity, carry out the computing of common factor, union and the difference set in space between entity and the face, definition with the Z axle as the section axis, vertical direction with axle is dissectd, definition storage capacity measuring point elevation is imported the section absolute altitude, will calculate and draw out the section of this absolute altitude automatically.

The reservoir storage survey method of described underground water seal cave depot, preferred, described step 4-2 also comprises the step of creating the triangulation network:

Step 4-5 is between two sections: connect the triangulation network between different sections;

Step 4-6 is in a section: finish the connection of the triangulation network automatically in a section of choosing;

Step 4-7, section is to a point: section to one point connects the triangulation network;

Step 4-8 is between a plurality of sections: connect the triangulation network automatically between a series of lines and section;

Step 4-9 uses control line: define section with control line, and then produce the triangulation network;

Step 4-10, according to manual reconnaissance: the constraint of the manual definition triangulation network connects the triangulation network between section;

Step 4-11, single triangle: define each triangle by selected triangular apex;

Step 4-12, from section to two section: a closure female section and two sub-sections or point between, use associating (Union) concept, control branch line, and then produce the triangulation network;

Step 4-13, from a section to a plurality of sections: a female section and a plurality of sub-section, connect the triangulation network;

Step 4-14 uses center line and section: utilize section to connect the triangulation network along center line, generally generate the underworkings entity with this function.

The reservoir storage survey method of described underground water seal cave depot, preferred, described step 5 comprises:

Step 5-1 calculates all horizontal or vertical cross-sectional areas,

V wherein ₁Be initial computing volume, S ₀Be first cross sectional area, S ₁Be the area of second transversal section, L ₁Be the first computing length,

Try to achieve aggregate storage capacity with the length integration of each measuring unit again,

$V=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\mathrm{Si}\×\mathrm{Li}),$ V is the aggregate storage capacity volume, and i, n are positive integer;

Step 5-2 calculates after the underground water seal cave depot aggregate storage capacity, adjusts positional accuracy and some bit density;

Step 5-3 carries out the positional accuracy of section survey and puts bit density to the impact analysis of aggregate storage capacity; During section survey, each data point that section is upsampled to is the elementary cell that constitutes storage capacity, and the set of point has determined underground water seal cave depot aggregate storage capacity, the area measurement precision that the precision of some position and density affect section on the section; The coordinate of each point that collects is all by carrying out angle measurement, surveying the limit and calculate to sampled point;

Step 5-4, underground water seal cave depot section is formed with city gate type and the round section of three-core, and wherein type section in city gate mainly is distributed in and connects the tunnel, and establishing main cave depot is to be the circle cross section of R with the radius, then has:

Area S=π R2,

If error is m in the area measurement _S, error is m in the radius measurement _R, according to law of propagation of errors, can get:

Wherein subscript S is for measuring area, subscript R for measuring radius;

If the cross-sectional area measuring accuracy is 1/10000, the cave depot of 20m radius then, it surveys edge error can not be greater than ± 1mm; Equally, the direction mean square error of angle observation of establishing instrument is m _β, then have:

Wherein subscript S is the direction angle measurement of instrument for measurement area, subscript β;

When the direction mean square error of angle observation more little, also just more little to the influence of cross-sectional area measuring accuracy;

Step 5-5, the some bit density is the spacing distance between points of sampling, in section survey to the angle step value of sampled point; Because the hole wall surface is coarse uneven, sampled point is exactly to measure on coarse surface, and concavo-convex difference is not of uniform size; Exist representative error problem for section sampling, concerning whole cave depot, concavo-convex difference meets normal distribution law, and the density by constraint fixed sample point position just can solve the representative error that cave depot holds like this; The maximum radius of underground cavern section is that 26 meters, minimum are 4 meters, actual when gathering section point by the radius size set point between arc length be 0.2--0.5m, corresponding angle step value is 30-10; Under the condition of same measuring accuracy and sampled point bit density, the section radius is more big, and the angle step value of sampled point can suitably amplify; The density of point increases, and curve between points just can shorten as far as possible;

Step 5-6, holding with artificial calculating cave depot is example, in the conventional section between its two parallel cutting surfaces folded volume calculate by trapezoidal cylinder method.By

Differentiate and to get middle error m _V, wherein subscript V is for measuring the aggregate storage capacity volume:

$m_V=\sqrt{|\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}^2({S_0}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="S"\; filenames="HDA00003430823800032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">S</figure-callout>}}_1}^2)}{4}\&CenterDot;{\left(\frac{m_s}{S}\right)}^2+\frac{{(S_0+S_1)}^2}{4}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{\&Delta;<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00003430823800032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}^2\&CenterDot;{\left(\frac{m_{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}\right)}^2|},$ Wherein subscript S is the measurement area,

Following formula push away the cave depot volume relatively in error be:

$\frac{m_V}{V}=\sqrt{\left|\right|{\left(\frac{m_{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}}{L}\right)}^2+\frac{{S_0}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="S"\; filenames="HDA00003430823800032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">S</figure-callout>}}_1}^2}{{(S_0+S_1)}^2}{\left(\frac{m_S}{S}\right)}^2\left|\right|},$ Wherein subscript S is the measurement area,

The middle relatively error of cave depot volume mainly is subjected to the influence of the middle relatively error of middle relatively sum of errors cross-sectional area of cave depot length L direction increment, is the positional accuracy that guarantees the cave depot aggregate storage capacity, needs measurement section point bit density.

In sum, owing to adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

At present, solve the method for underground water seal cave depot reservoir storage survey problem except above-mentioned section survey method, also having a kind of is exactly to utilize three-dimensional laser scanner to carry out three-dimensional measurement, resolves through set again.But, this instrument belong to new things, expensive, being widely used also exists certain limitation.Underground water seal cave depot belongs to the construction frontier, and the section survey method is convenient, easy to operate relatively, and by analyzing, the middle relatively error of cross-sectional area also easily guarantees.

Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment in conjunction with following accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the reservoir storage survey method flow diagram of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the reservoir storage survey method Design of Vertical Curve figure of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the reservoir storage survey method Section Design figure of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the free instrumentation plan of reservoir storage survey method of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the reservoir storage survey method autoscan synoptic diagram of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the reservoir storage survey method cave depot sectional schematic diagram of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is that the reservoir storage survey method of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention is created triangulation network synoptic diagram;

Fig. 8 is the reservoir storage survey method three-dimensional modeling synoptic diagram of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is that the reservoir storage survey method entity of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention calculates synoptic diagram;

Figure 10 is that the reservoir storage survey method of the underground water seal cave depot of the present invention is calculated the aggregate storage capacity simulation drawing.

Embodiment

Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings, only be used for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.

In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " vertically ", " laterally ", " on ", close the orientation of indications such as D score, " preceding ", " back ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward " or position is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation, only be that the present invention for convenience of description and simplification are described, rather than indication or the hint device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.

In description of the invention, unless otherwise prescribed and limit, need to prove that term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection " should be done broad understanding, for example, can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, also can be the connection of two element internals, can be directly to link to each other, and also can link to each other indirectly by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, can understand the concrete implication of above-mentioned term as the case may be.

The cave depot of underground storage holds measurement and exactly the shape of hole jar is carried out volumetric measurement, and cave depot volumetric measurement position comprises main cavern, pump hole, water collecting basin, and enters connection tunnel, construction tunnel, vertical shaft in the jar of hole.Because underground water seal cave depot construction does not also have corresponding job specifications, cave depot holds to measure does not have ripe measuring method and correlation technique data yet, the present invention has inquired into the Combination application of high-precision automatic measuring total powerstation, tunnel cross-section measurement system and d solid modeling, according to the section point set data of gathering, create the cave depot three-dimensional model, carry out dissecing of horizontal direction according to selected reference level in the face of the cave depot of modeling, obtain certain depth volumometer scale that regulation requires, dissect slice map and cave depot three-dimensional model section reserve report.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention discloses a kind of reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot, comprises the steps:

Step 1 is set up underground water seal cave depot SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK;

Step 2 after SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK is finished in foundation, defines underground water seal cave depot section survey parameter, and underground water seal cave depot is scanned;

Step 3 is put the data after the scanning in order, finally obtains the three-dimensional data of underground water seal cave depot;

Step 4 is carried out the three-dimensional modeling moulding to the three-dimensional data of underground water seal cave depot, namely sets up some adjacent triangulation networks, constitutes solid model, dissects the section that forms corresponding height according to the axle vertical direction of definition then;

Step 5, calculate the area of section, height value with corresponding equalization, obtain the volume of described section, overall height according to the underground water seal cave depot of measuring, obtain underground water seal cave depot aggregate storage capacity, adjust the positional accuracy of underground water seal cave depot section survey and put the accurate storage capacity volume that bit density obtains underground water seal cave depot.

1 cave depot holds to be measured

1.1 reservoir storage survey principle

The intelligent total powerstation of non-prism+airborne section survey is adopted in the cave depot volumetric measurement, gathers horizontal or vertical section along the cave depot direction according to certain spacing.Calculate the volume that cross-sectional area and section spacing calculate each cave depot according to the section line of each section actual measurement, 3 d measurement data to gathering then, carry out the foundation of cave depot three dimensions solid model, the mould shapes that make to produce can be used for three-dimensional visualization, thereby calculate cave depot volume and arbitrary orientation cutting profile under a certain liquid level elevation, obtain the entity capacity report.

1.2 main measuring equipment

Cave depot is finished the collection of three-dimensional coordinate data, the processing of measurement data, the foundation of model etc. in measuring.

Table 1 measuring equipment complete list

Table1measuring?equipment?software?list

Device name	Model	Precision	Remarks
				Total powerstation	TM/TS/TCRA or other	I level total powerstation	Non-prism, intelligent
Airborne fractograph analysis	Airborne tunnel cross-section	Satisfy measuring requirement	Supporting
				D solid modeling	The three-dimensional artificial modeling	Satisfy measuring requirement	?
Prism	-----	-----	Supporting
				Tripod	The total powerstation foot rest	-----	Supporting
Hygrothermograph	-----	±1.5℃、7%RH	?
				The high light torch	-----	-----	Low-voltage
Platform truck	The high semi-girder of 25m	-----	The 25m-equipment of ascending a height
				Securing band	-----	Meet the demands-----	?
Reflective subsides	-----	Meet the demands-----	?

1.3 cave depot holds the measuring method step

Having used two precision in the reservoir storage survey is 0.5 ", come card TM30 and the TS30 precision measurement robot of 1mm+1ppm, adopted supporting total powerstation positioning system (TPS) section survey system.Before carrying out reservoir storage survey, should wash away clean with water under high pressure impurity such as the dust in hole jar and all measuring point, chip ballast and keep hole jar and each measuring point base plate not to have ponding.

1.3.1 set up the cave depot SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK

Ground control point or the in-cavity construction reference mark of handing over design institute are that benchmark is set up unified SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK to whole cave depot, just begun set up to measure net and be for unified coordinate system when the image data, make image data in the same coordinate system, controlling on the basis of netting needing sites measured to carry out the encryption at reference mark, measuring method adopts accurate fourth class tracerse survey, obtains the three-dimensional coordinate at each reference mark after compensating computation.Wherein the precise traversing precision is not more than 2.5 according to mean square error of angle observation ", the relative mis-tie of total length is not more than 1/35000, the relative mean square error of a point of consecutive point is not more than 8mm and carries out; The measurement of higher degree is according to the fourth class, and precision is not more than the complete middle error MW=± 10mm of every kilometer discrepancy in elevation by the complete middle error of the discrepancy in elevation and carries out testing.

1.3.2 definition of T PS tunnel cross-section measurement systematic parameter

After the design parameter of cave depot checked, in the section survey system of total powerstation, according to the design section parameter of design data definition horizontal curve, vertical curve and each measuring point, obtain closed design reference section.

⑴ vertical curve typing

The typing work of vertical curve is easier to relatively, can comparatively fast finish typing and work is checked in comparison.Wherein note clear and definite: big mileage direction, knick point; Input will have: mileage, elevation, radius and tangent line, and wherein radius divides positive and negative; Not the radius of knick point and tangent line, Origin And Destination.Be illustrated in figure 2 as the reservoir storage survey method Design of Vertical Curve figure of underground water seal cave depot.

⑵ horizontal curve typing

The plane alignment refers to describe, determine one group of data of center line of road accurate location, comprises the data such as mileage, line style, turning radius, coordinate of line element starting point.The typing of horizontal curve key element mainly utilizes the line element method to carry out circuit and checks, and can embody the calculation review advantage of line element method preferably.

The typing of transversal section also can be used for checking the design drawing parameter, it should be noted that the corresponding typing form of different metering systems has any different slightly, need conscientiously check drawing, guarantee logging data to be imported airborne measurement mechanism after errorless, check and be convenient to further field data collecting work.

⑶ design transversal section parameter typing

The section coordinate system: curve element data based right-handed coordinate system in transversal section is tried to achieve, coordinate system is initial point with circuit at section mileage place designed elevation point, be X-axis with line midline working direction right side normal, be Y-axis with the initial point zenith direction, during the input design section, according to importing every section straight line and circular arc clockwise successively.Wherein note: definite, the big mileage direction of coordinate system and initial point, clockwise direction; Input key element: the coordinate of each line style variation place, line style, radius, central angle; Section line style branch: straight line and circle, section must seal.Be illustrated in figure 3 as the reservoir storage survey method Section Design figure of underground water seal cave depot.

1.3.3 gather the section three-dimensional data

Near cave depot (tunnel) base plate center line, set up the leveling of total powerstation and centering, adopt the method for freely establishing the station, according to the mode of Fig. 4, instrument is supposed at the a0 point, enter total powerstation and freely establish the station method, respectively A point and B point being measured according to prompting, obtained the three-dimensional coordinate of survey station point, is no prism pattern through establishing that the precision of standing meets the demands and use the 3rd point to check can put total powerstation when errorless, select, horizontal curve, vertical curve, design parameters such as transversal section type, dot spacing and section spacing.Dot spacing setting according to 0.5 meter of 1 meter in mileage direction and vertical direction begins to measure scanning then automatically, sees Fig. 5, also notes the section mileage simultaneously, the period of measurement point, middle partially distance, the discrepancy in elevation, three-dimensional coordinate.

The data of cave depot end socket and crossing section are encrypted according to the technique of painting pointwise of intersection and are gathered

As shown in Figure 6, each section is with "〉〉 " boundary, the back is immediately following this section mileage and designed elevation.Next behavior measurement point information is arranged with period, middle partially distance, the discrepancy in elevation, X coordinate, Y coordinate, H elevation respectively again.Handling for the follow-up data territory brings great convenience.

1.3.4 the modeling of cave depot and dissecing

⑴ the pre-service of measurement data

The employing measured database is handled measurement data, at first the cross-sectioning data-switching is become the line file form, understand the data layout of line file down first: each the section point in the line file is the section of being combined into earlier, all sections by a cave depot are formed the line string, at our this measuring method intractable, understood the form of line file, now the raw measurement data form has been changed, source code is as follows:

Sub Data Format Transform ()

Dim?n?As?Integer

Dim?Text()as?double

Dim?FileName?As?String

Dim?HZ?As?Variant

FileName=Application.GetOpenFilename (" storage capacity section survey data (* .OBS), * .OBS ")

Open?FileName?For?Input?As#1

Do?While?Not?EOF(1)

n=n+1

ReDim?Preserve?Text(1To?n)

Line?Input#1,Text(n)

Loop

Close#1

Open App.Path+ " storage capacity .str " For Output As#1

Print#1,"aaa,20-Jun-12,,ssi_styles:autocad.ssi"

For?i=0To?UBound(Text)-1

HZ=Split(Text(n),",")

If?Mid(HZ(0),1,2)=">>"Then

Print#1,0,0#,0#,0#,0#,0#,0#

Else

HZ=Split(Text(n),",")

Print#1,HZ(3)&","&HZ(4)&","&HZ(5)

End?If

Next?i

MsgBox " conversion finishes ",, " storage capacity section "

End?Sub

Can realize easily that like this reservoir storage survey data-switching is to the required line file data layout .str file of three-dimensional model.

⑵ the modeling of cave depot:

Solid model is by a series of adjacent triangular facets, is rolled into the ventilative entity in inside and outside.As shown in Figure 7, entity is by a series of points on line, is linked to be the ventilative triangulation network in inside and outside, and must there be adjacent triangular facet on the limit of any triangular facet, and 3 summits of any triangular facet must be attached on the effective point, otherwise entity is that open or invalid.Solid model is to describe three-dimensional object, solid model also is based on the principle of digital surface model (DTM), a series of Points And lines by the point that comprises on the line string forms is linked to be face between three points, and the profile of object is reacted in the set of all faces.Adopt which type of algorithm, make the set of triangular facet can react the profile of object, these triangular facets may be overlapping on plane angle, but in three dimensional network, think not overlapping or crossing, triangle in solid model is the structure of a complete closed, it is defined as the model of solid or empty body, and the shape of generation can be used for cutting profile of three-dimensional visible, volume calculated, arbitrary orientation etc.

Table triangulation network constructive process complete list such as table 2:

Table 2triangular mesh creation process list

According to our measuring method, select the profile line modeling, be example with the cave depot, by section line modeling, the establishment triangulation network, constitute solid model.Two ends at entity are closed, and have just formed the entity of cave depot, as shown in Figure 8.

⑶ the validation verification of entity:

Form each triangular facet of entity if having self intersection, do not have and face the limit mutually, repeat limit, invalid edges, then entity is not effective entity, and invalid entity can not volume calculated, space constraint, logical operation etc.

⑷ the computing of cave depot entity

By the validation verification of entity, between the entity, carry out the computing of common factor, union and the difference set in space between entity and the face.Between the entity, can carry out the space computing between entity and the face.As shown in Figure 9, introduce operation relation between them below: between entity and the entity, if public part is arranged, the entity of public part can be drawn, one can be merged into, can be from certain entity deduction another one.

Entity occurs simultaneously: A ∩ B

Entity union: A ∪ B

Entity difference set: A-B

Between entity and the face:

Entity and face: A is on B

A is under B

Face and entity:

B is outside A

B is in A

By the entity computing, form the split figure of each cavern earlier, form the merging body figure of cave depot again, form the solid model figure of cave depot at last.

Will carry out validation verification to entity after merging is finished, checking is preserved by model being carried out .3dm, so that later on to model manipulation.

⑸ dissecing of cave depot solid model

Definition, is dissectd with the vertical direction of axle as the section axis with the Z axle, and definition storage capacity measuring point elevation is imported the section absolute altitude, will calculate and draw out the section of this absolute altitude automatically.

The calculating of 2 cave depot aggregate storage capacities

2.1 modeling is calculated automatically

According to the three-dimensional example illustraton of model of the cave depot of building up, by the validation verification of entity, just can generate the entity report file automatically, the volume complete list that includes the cave depot cumulative volume in the file and calculate by the elevation spacing value.

Elevation spacing value: 0.01m(namely cuts into slices according to 1/cm section)

Body=: 1

The triangulation network=: 1

Verify=pass through

State=solid

Triangulation network coordinate range:

X minimum: 219759.146 X maximums: 219903.713

Y minimum: 101356.327 Y maximums: 101691.681

Z minimum :-116.485 Z maximums :-87.259

Table 3 is pressed elevation volume calculated complete list

Table3?by?elevation?to?calculate?volume?list

2.2 computation process

As shown in figure 10, calculate all horizontal or vertical cross-sectional areas, try to achieve aggregate storage capacity with the length integration of each measuring unit again.

Computing formula is:

$\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="V"\; filenames="HDA00003430823800032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{(S_0+S_1)}{2}\&times;L_1\\ V=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}(\mathrm{Si}\&times;\mathrm{Li})\end{array}---\left(1\right)$

The aggregate storage capacity of the artificial aggregate storage capacity of calculating and calculating automatically is comparatively validate mutually.

3. the positional accuracy of section survey and some bit density are to the impact analysis of aggregate storage capacity

3.1 positional accuracy

During section survey, each data point that section is upsampled to is the elementary cell that constitutes storage capacity, and the set of point has determined the aggregate storage capacity of cave depot, the area measurement precision that the precision of some position and density affect section on the section.The coordinate of each point that collects in the section survey system is all by carrying out angle measurement, surveying the limit and calculate to sampled point, as seen, the measuring accuracy of cross-sectional area is decided by the angle measurement of total powerstation, the precision of side, with the shape of section close relationship is arranged also.

Underground water seal cave depot section is mainly formed with city gate type and the round two kinds of sections of three-core, and wherein type section in city gate mainly is distributed in and connects the tunnel, and the section of 5 kinds of different structure parameters is arranged altogether; Three-core is round mainly to be distributed in main cave depot, and the section structure parameter has only a kind, and its maximum height is 18 meters of 26 meters, breadth extreme.Easy for analyzing, suppose that main cave depot is is the circle cross section of R with the radius, then has: area S=π R2, establish that error is that error is mR in mS, the radius measurement in the area measurement, according to law of propagation of errors, can get:

$\frac{m_s}{S}=2\frac{m_R}{R}---\left(2\right)$

If the cross-sectional area measuring accuracy is 1,/10,000, the cave depot of 20m radius then, it surveys edge error can not be greater than ± 1mm; Equally, the direction mean square error of angle observation of establishing instrument is m β, then has:

$\frac{m_s}{S}=\frac{m_{\mathrm{\&beta;}}}{\mathrm{\&pi;\&rho;}\sqrt{2}}---\left(3\right)$

As can be known, the direction mean square error of angle observation of instrument is more little, and is also just more little to the influence of cross-sectional area measuring accuracy.Therefore suggestion adopts the automatic total powerstation of high-precision I level intelligence to measure.

3.2 some bit density

The point bit density be exactly the sampling spacing distance between points, in the section survey system just total powerstation to the angle step value of sampled point.Because after the cave depot construction, do not carry out secondary lining, the hole wall has only carried out first spray, the hole wall surface is coarse uneven, and sampled point is exactly to measure on coarse surface, and concavo-convex difference is not of uniform size.Exist representative error problem for section sampling like this, concerning whole cave depot, concavo-convex difference meets normal distribution law, and the density by constraint fixed sample point position just can solve the representative error that cave depot holds like this.The maximum radius of underground cavern section is that 26 meters, minimum are 4 meters, actual when gathering section point by the radius size set point between arc length be 0.2--0.5m, corresponding angle step value is 30--10.Under the condition of same measuring accuracy and sampled point bit density, the section radius is more big, and the angle step value of sampled point can suitably amplify.The density of point increases, and curve between points just can shorten as far as possible, so just more can embody the actual profile situation.

4. the density of measurement section and precision are to the impact analysis of aggregate storage capacity

Holding with artificial calculating cave depot is example, in the conventional section between its two parallel cutting surfaces folded volume calculate by trapezoidal cylinder method.By above-mentioned computing formula (1) differentiate can get in error mV:

$\mathrm{mV}=\sqrt{|\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}^2({S_0}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="S"\; filenames="HDA00003430823800032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">S</figure-callout>}}_1}^2)}{4}\&CenterDot;{\left(\frac{m_s}{S}\right)}^2+\frac{{(S_0+S_1)}^2}{4}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{\&Delta;<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00003430823800032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}^2\&CenterDot;{\left(\frac{m_{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}\right)}^2|}---\left(4\right)$

By the ⑷ formula can push away the cave depot volume relatively in error be:

$\frac{m_V}{V}=\sqrt{\left|\right|{\left(\frac{m_{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}}{L}\right)}^2+\frac{{S_0}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="S"\; filenames="HDA00003430823800032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">S</figure-callout>}}_1}^2}{{(S_0+S_1)}^2}{\left(\frac{m_S}{S}\right)}^2\left|\right|}---\left(5\right)$

By formula as can be seen, the middle relatively error of cave depot volume mainly is subjected to the influence of the middle relatively error of middle relatively sum of errors cross-sectional area of cave depot length L direction increment.So, for guaranteeing the relative accuracy of cave depot aggregate storage capacity, will consider certain measurement profile density.

Comprehensive its beneficial effect of technique scheme is: at present, solve the method for underground water seal cave depot reservoir storage survey problem except above-mentioned section survey method, also having a kind of is exactly to utilize three-dimensional laser scanner to carry out three-dimensional measurement, resolves through set again.But, this instrument belong to new things, expensive, being widely used also exists certain limitation.Underground water seal cave depot belongs to the construction frontier, and the section survey method is convenient, easy to operate relatively, and by analyzing, the middle relatively error of cross-sectional area also easily guarantees.

In the description of this instructions, concrete feature, structure, material or characteristics that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means in conjunction with this embodiment or example description are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete feature, structure, material or the characteristics of description can be with the suitable manner combination in any one or more embodiment or example.

Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.

Claims (7)

1. the reservoir storage survey method of a underground water seal cave depot is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

Step 1 is set up underground water seal cave depot SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK;

Step 2 after SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK is finished in foundation, defines underground water seal cave depot section survey parameter, and underground water seal cave depot is scanned;

Step 3 is put the data after the scanning in order, finally obtains the three-dimensional data of underground water seal cave depot;

Step 4 is carried out the three-dimensional modeling moulding to the three-dimensional data of underground water seal cave depot, namely sets up some adjacent triangulation networks, constitutes solid model, dissects the section that forms corresponding height according to the axle vertical direction of definition then;

Step 5, calculate the area of section, height value with corresponding equalization, obtain the volume of described section, overall height according to the underground water seal cave depot of measuring, obtain underground water seal cave depot aggregate storage capacity, adjust the positional accuracy of underground water seal cave depot section survey and put the accurate storage capacity volume that bit density obtains underground water seal cave depot.

2. the reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 1 comprises:

Step 1-1, ground control point or in-cavity construction reference mark are that benchmark is set up unified SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK to whole cave depot, controlling on the basis of netting needing sites measured to carry out the encryption at reference mark, adopt accurate fourth class tracerse survey method, after compensating computation, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate at each reference mark.

3. the reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 2 comprises:

Step 2-1 sets up and finishes after the underground water seal cave depot SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK, and the design transversal section parameter according to design data definition vertical curve, horizontal curve and each measuring point obtains closed design reference section;

Step 2-2, the definition vertical curve, wherein the data of vertical curve are the radius of mileage, elevation, knick point and tangent line, Origin And Destination;

Step 2-3, the definition horizontal curve, wherein horizontal curve is the data of describing, determine the center line of road accurate location, and the horizontal curve data are mileage, line style, turning radius, the coordinate of line element starting point;

Step 2-4, definition transversal section parameter, wherein the transversal section supplemental characteristic is that right-handed coordinate system is tried to achieve, coordinate system is initial point with circuit at section mileage place designed elevation point, be X-axis with line midline working direction right side normal, be Y-axis with the initial point zenith direction, during the input design section, according to importing every section straight line and circular arc clockwise successively.

4. the reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 3 comprises:

Step 3-1, near the center line of underground water seal cave depot bottom, set up total powerstation and centering leveling, adopt the method for freely establishing the station, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate of survey station point, select horizontal curve, vertical curve, the transversal section type, according to the dot spacing setting of 0.5 meter of 1 meter in mileage direction and vertical direction, measure scanning then;

Step 3-2, record transversal section mileage, the period of measurement point, middle partially distance, the discrepancy in elevation, three-dimensional coordinate.

5. the reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 4 comprises:

Step 4-1 adopts measured database to handle measurement data, and the cross-sectioning data-switching is become the line file form, and each the section point in the line file is the section of being combined into earlier, forms the line string by all sections of a cave depot;

Step 4-2 by some adjacent triangular facets, is rolled into the ventilative entity in inside and outside; Entity is by a series of points on line, is linked to be the ventilative triangulation network in inside and outside, and must there be adjacent triangular facet on the limit of any triangular facet, and 3 summits of any triangular facet must be attached on the effective point;

Step 4-3 forms each triangular facet of entity if having self intersection, do not have and face the limit mutually, repeat limit, invalid edges, and then entity is not effective entity, and invalid entity can not volume calculated, space constraint, logical operation;

Step 4-4, validation verification by entity, between the entity, carry out the computing of common factor, union and the difference set in space between entity and the face, definition with the Z axle as the section axis, vertical direction with axle is dissectd, definition storage capacity measuring point elevation is imported the section absolute altitude, will calculate and draw out the section of this absolute altitude automatically.

6. the reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described step 4-2 also comprises the step of creating the triangulation network:

Step 4-5 is between two sections: connect the triangulation network between different sections;

Step 4-6 is in a section: finish the connection of the triangulation network automatically in a section of choosing;

Step 4-7, section is to a point: section to one point connects the triangulation network;

Step 4-8 is between a plurality of sections: connect the triangulation network automatically between a series of lines and section;

Step 4-9 uses control line: define section with control line, and then produce the triangulation network;

Step 4-10, according to manual reconnaissance: the constraint of the manual definition triangulation network connects the triangulation network between section;

Step 4-11, single triangle: define each triangle by selected triangular apex;

Step 4-12, from section to two section: a closure female section and two sub-sections or point between, use associating concept, control branch line, and then the generation triangulation network;

Step 4-13, from a section to a plurality of sections: a female section and a plurality of sub-section, connect the triangulation network;

Step 4-14 uses center line and section: utilize section to connect the triangulation network along center line, generally generate the underworkings entity with this function.

7. the reservoir storage survey method of underground water seal cave depot according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 5 comprises:

Step 5-1 calculates all horizontal or vertical cross-sectional areas,

V wherein ₁Be initial computing volume, S ₀Be first cross sectional area, S ₁Be the area of second transversal section, L ₁Be the first computing length,

Try to achieve aggregate storage capacity with the length integration of each measuring unit again,

V is the aggregate storage capacity volume, and i, n are positive integer;

Step 5-2 calculates after the underground water seal cave depot aggregate storage capacity, adjusts positional accuracy and some bit density;

Step 5-3 carries out the positional accuracy of section survey and puts bit density to the impact analysis of aggregate storage capacity; During section survey, each data point that section is upsampled to is the elementary cell that constitutes storage capacity, and the set of point has determined underground water seal cave depot aggregate storage capacity, the area measurement precision that the precision of some position and density affect section on the section; The coordinate of each point that collects is all by carrying out angle measurement, surveying the limit and calculate to sampled point;

Step 5-4, underground water seal cave depot section is formed with city gate type and the round section of three-core, and wherein type section in city gate mainly is distributed in and connects the tunnel, and establishing main cave depot is to be the circle cross section of R with the radius, then has:

Area S=π R2,

If error is m in the area measurement _S, error is m in the radius measurement _R, according to law of propagation of errors, can get:

Wherein subscript S is for measuring area, subscript R for measuring radius;

If the cross-sectional area measuring accuracy is 1/10000, the cave depot of 20m radius then, it surveys edge error can not be greater than ± 1mm; Equally, the direction mean square error of angle observation of establishing instrument is m _β, then have:

Wherein subscript S is the direction angle measurement of instrument for measurement area, subscript β;

When the direction mean square error of angle observation more little, also just more little to the influence of cross-sectional area measuring accuracy;

Step 5-5, the some bit density is the spacing distance between points of sampling, in section survey to the angle step value of sampled point; Because the hole wall surface is coarse uneven, sampled point is exactly to measure on coarse surface, and concavo-convex difference is not of uniform size; Exist representative error problem for section sampling, concerning whole cave depot, concavo-convex difference meets normal distribution law, and the density by constraint fixed sample point position just can solve the representative error that cave depot holds like this; The maximum radius of underground cavern section is that 26 meters, minimum are 4 meters, actual when gathering section point by the radius size set point between arc length be 0.2--0.5m, corresponding angle step value is 30-10; Under the condition of same measuring accuracy and sampled point bit density, the section radius is more big, and the angle step value of sampled point can suitably amplify; The density of point increases, and curve between points just can shorten as far as possible;

Step 5-6, holding with artificial calculating cave depot is example, in the conventional section between its two parallel cutting surfaces folded volume calculate by trapezoidal cylinder method.By

Differentiate and to get middle error m _V, wherein subscript V is for measuring the aggregate storage capacity volume:

$m_V=\sqrt{|\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{L}^2({S_0}^2+{S_1}^2)}{4}\&CenterDot;{\left(\frac{m_s}{S}\right)}^2+\frac{{(S_0+S_1)}^2}{4}\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&Delta;}{L}^2\&CenterDot;{\left(\frac{m_{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}\right)}^2|},$ Wherein subscript S is the measurement area,

Following formula push away the cave depot volume relatively in error be:

$\frac{m_V}{V}=\sqrt{\left|\right|{\left(\frac{m_{\mathrm{\&Delta;L}}}{L}\right)}^2+\frac{{S_0}^2+{S_1}^2}{{(S_0+S_1)}^2}{\left(\frac{m_S}{S}\right)}^2\left|\right|},$ Wherein subscript S is the measurement area,

The middle relatively error of cave depot volume mainly is subjected to the influence of the middle relatively error of middle relatively sum of errors cross-sectional area of cave depot length L direction increment, is the positional accuracy that guarantees the cave depot aggregate storage capacity, needs measurement section point bit density.

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