CN103343341A - Laser cladding alloy powder and laser cladding method applying same - Google Patents
Laser cladding alloy powder and laser cladding method applying same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103343341A CN103343341A CN2013103083336A CN201310308333A CN103343341A CN 103343341 A CN103343341 A CN 103343341A CN 2013103083336 A CN2013103083336 A CN 2013103083336A CN 201310308333 A CN201310308333 A CN 201310308333A CN 103343341 A CN103343341 A CN 103343341A
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Abstract
The invention provides a laser cladding alloy powder and a laser cladding method applying the same. The laser cladding alloy powder comprises the following components in percent by weight: 0.63-0.66% of C, 27.0-33.0% of Ni, 14.35-14.65% of Cr, 2.46-2.65% of B, 2.46-2.74% of Si, 1.79-2.01% of Mo, 1.35-1.65% of Cu and the balance of Fe. The laser cladding alloy powder provided by the invention has a high content of C, Si, B and other elements, thus the hardness of the obtained coating can be increased effectively and can be more than HRC50.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the laser welding technology field, relate in particular to a kind of laser melting coating with powdered alloy and use its laser cladding method.
Background technology
Hydraulic support is widely used in underground activities scenes such as mine, subway, tunnel with its good longitudinal stability, protective, to the adaptability of top board and advantage such as advancing velocity faster.Present stage is domestic generally adopts the method for chromium plating to carry out surface treatment for hydraulic support column, to prevent surface oxidisation and corrosion.Yet the hardness of chromium coating is low, wear no resistance and can not with the column mortise, left and right sides chromium coating will phenomenons such as peeling and decortication occur because of wearing and tearing in general 1 year, emulsion will corrode the column surface; The hardness that chromium coating the is lower damage that also easily bumps causes hydraulic support column normally to use.The both can influence the result of use of hydraulic support, and the hydraulic support column in the colliery just needs maintenance once every half a year for this reason, and maintenance has influenced production efficiency greatly frequently.
Reference 1 (patent documentation, publication number: CN101875128A) provide a kind of laser cladding method of mine hydraulic bracket.The weight percent of the metallurgical powder material that this method adopts consists of: C:0.148%, Ni:25.88%, Cr:4.219%, B:1.132%, Si:5.281%, Mn:0.368%, Nb:0.219% and P:1.147%, Fe:64.7%.This method may further comprise the steps:
Step S01, with mine hydraulic bracket eliminate rust, leveling, texturing handle;
Step S02, the laser process machine of packing into, main shaft C rotatablely move and under the feeding movement of laser head X linear axes cooperated, powder feeding and laser melting coating carried out synchronously in a work step, employing multi-track overlapping mode scans cladding.
By utilize laser melting and coating technique with wear resistance preferably powdered alloy process high-performance coating at the column active surface, the surface hardness of handling workpiece via aforesaid method reaches HV410, practical life is 5～10 times of chromium plating column, and obviously improve the work-ing life of workpiece.
Yet the applicant finds in production practice, and the workpiece surface hardness of handling via aforesaid method still can not meet the demands, and presses for a kind of laser cladding method that the cladding alloy powder of high surface hardness more can be provided and use it.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
In view of above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of laser melting coating with powdered alloy and use its laser cladding method, to improve the hardness on processed workpiece surface.
(2) technical scheme
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of laser melting coating powdered alloy, its weight percent is composed as follows: C:0.63-0.66%; Ni; 27.0～33.0%; Cr:14.35～14.65; B:2.46～2.65%; Si:2.46～2.74%; Mo:1.79～2.01%; Cu:1.35～1.65%; Surplus is Fe.
According to another convenience of the present invention, a kind of laser cladding method that above-mentioned laser melting coating is used powdered alloy of using also is provided, this method comprises: the surface of the laser head alignment pieces of laser apparatus; Evenly send into the laser melting coating powdered alloy to the workpiece surface that laser head is aimed at; Laser head sends the above-mentioned laser melting coating powdered alloy of laser fusion, and the various reactants that fusing produces cover the surface of workpiece, forms cladding coating; And laser head is realized the continuous cladding of this preset range workpiece surface in the workpiece surface scanning of preset range.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme as can be seen, laser melting coating of the present invention has following beneficial effect with powdered alloy and the laser cladding method of using it:
(1) laser melting coating of the present invention can effectively improve coating hardness with elements such as the C that contains high level in the powdered alloy, Si, B, and the coating hardness of acquisition is up to more than the HRC50;
(2) laser melting coating of the present invention can effectively improve the rotproofness of coating with the Ni that contains high level in the powdered alloy, Cr element;
(3) laser melting coating of the present invention is proper with powdered alloy element proportioning and melting and coating process, and that the coating of acquisition is shaped is good, flawless and form excellent metallurgical with matrix and be combined.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of embodiment of the invention laser cladding method;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of assembly relation when cylindrical work is implemented laser cladding method shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 utilizes method shown in Figure 1 the Q235 plate to be carried out the metallurgical binding figure of coating and matrix behind the laser melting coating;
Fig. 4 utilizes method shown in Figure 1 the Q235 plate to be carried out the graphic representation of coating and matrix hardness behind the laser melting coating.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.Need to prove that in accompanying drawing or specification sheets description, similar or identical part is all used identical figure number.The implementation that does not illustrate in the accompanying drawing or describe is the form known to the those of ordinary skill in the affiliated technical field.In addition, though this paper can provide the demonstration of the parameter that comprises particular value, should be appreciated that parameter need not definitely to equal corresponding value, but can in acceptable error margin or design constraint, be similar to corresponding value.In addition, the direction term of mentioning in following examples, for example " on ", D score, " preceding ", " back ", " left side ", " right side " etc., only be direction with reference to the accompanying drawings.Therefore, the direction term of use is to illustrate not to be to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of laser melting coating powdered alloy.This laser melting coating is composed as follows with the weight percent of powdered alloy: C:0.63-0.66%; Ni; 27.0～33.0%; Cr:14.35～14.65; B:2.46～2.65%; Si:2.46～2.74%; Mo:1.79～2.01%; Cu:1.35～1.65%; Surplus is Fe.
For above-mentioned laser melting coating powdered alloy, each element and content function analysis are as follows:
(1) compare powdered alloy with reference 1, the C constituent content is higher in the powdered alloy of the present invention, and the C that separates out can generate M
7C
3, M
23C
6In carbide, M is metallic element combinations such as Fe, Ni, Cr, and newborn carbide can effectively improve hardness and the wear resistance of coating;
(2) compare powdered alloy with reference 1, Ni in the powdered alloy of the present invention, Cr constituent content are also higher, and Ni, Cr element have higher corrosion resistance can effectively improve the solidity to corrosion of coating to soda acid;
(3) compare powdered alloy with reference 1, the B constituent content is higher in the powdered alloy of the present invention, can effectively improve hardness and the intensity of coating; Also be a kind of good deoxidization reducer simultaneously.
(4) compare powdered alloy with reference 1, added the Mo element in the powdered alloy of the present invention, the Mo element can crystal grain thinning, cut off, reduce the reticulattion in the coating, increase the splitting resistance of coating, and improve the stability of carbide, thereby improve coating hardness and wear resistance.
(5) compare powdered alloy with reference 1, added the Cu element in the powdered alloy of the present invention, the solubleness during Cu element low temperature in ferrous alloy is very low, can the dispersion-strengthened coating after high temperature is separated out, improve intensity and the wear resistance of coating.
In addition, laser melting coating of the present invention is-140～+ 325 orders with the granularity of powdered alloy, because powder size selects appropriately have good flowability in laser cladding process, powder is evenly sent; Appropriate powder size melts but not ablated loss powder rapidly in cladding process.
Laser melting coating of the present invention is the powdered alloy of developing at laser melting coating specially with various element kinds and the content of powdered alloy.Adopt powder provided by the invention, the hydraulic support column coating performance that obtains is good, and the coating each several part organize tiny evenly, coating done the smooth processing of turning after, the hydraulic support column top layer still keeps good performance.
Based on above-mentioned laser melting coating powdered alloy, the present invention also provides a kind of laser cladding method.As shown in Figure 1, this laser cladding method comprises:
Steps A, the surface of the laser head alignment pieces of laser apparatus;
Laser apparatus can be selected diode pumped solid state laser, CO for use
2Laser apparatus and semiconductor laser.
Step B evenly sends into the laser melting coating powdered alloy to the workpiece surface that laser head is aimed at;
Be preheated to 120 ℃ of insulations 2-4 hour before laser melting coating is sent with powdered alloy, dry processing.
Powdered alloy can select for use synchronous side to or synchronously the coaxial powder-feeding mode send.Synchronous side is during to powder feeding, and the direction of relative movement of powder feeding direction, laser incident direction, workpiece is in same plane.During coaxial powder-feeding, the powder feeding direction is identical with the laser incident direction.
Adjust powder sending quantity according to sweep velocity, keep powder sending quantity/sweep velocity to remain unchanged substantially, thereby guarantee to form good cladding coating, cladding coating thickness is maintained between 0.5mm～1mm, so can suppress the formation of defectives such as coating crack, pore.Preferably, laser scanning speed is 3～8mm/s, and the rate of delivery of powdered alloy is 6～12g/min.
Step C, laser apparatus send the above-mentioned laser melting coating powdered alloy of laser fusion, and the various reactants that fusing produces cover the surface of workpiece, form cladding coating.
Laser output power need be greater than 500W.When laser power increases, can suitably increase laser scanning speed and defocusing amount, it is stable that guaranteed power/facula area and power/sweep velocity keeps.Preferably, the power of laser apparatus is between 900W～1200W, and laser facula is the round spot of diameter 3mm～6mm.
Step D, laser head is realized the continuous cladding of this preset range workpiece surface in the workpiece surface scanning of preset range.
When workpiece when being cylindrical: workpiece is rotated along X-axis, then make laser head along the move surface of scanning workpiece of X-axis again, wherein, X-axis is the direction of Workpiece length, as shown in Figure 2.
In optimized technical scheme of the present invention, the cladding coating part that Workpiece Rotating one week back laser scanning is formed covers coating before, forms overlap joint.By way of example, when being hydraulic support column for workpiece, laser cladding process adopts bridging method in hydraulic support column surface preparation coating, and single track cladding coating the ratio of width to height is controlled between 4: 1 to 5: 1, amount of lap control guarantees coating uniformity and zero defect about 30%.
When workpiece when being plate shaped: laser head moves to designated length along X-axis, laser shutdown, and laser head moves to next starting point, continue emission laser scanning workpiece, the coating that the laser single pass forms is the single track cladding coating, and wherein, X-axis is the direction that is parallel to workpiece.Scanning pattern is parallel side by side line segment.
In optimized technical scheme of the present invention, with current road coating meeting preceding road, cover part coating, form overlap joint.
Be that example is introduced laser cladding method of the present invention with three concrete scenes below.
Concrete scene 1
Adopt powdered alloy of the present invention, hydraulic support column is carried out laser melting coating.Laser cladding process is as follows:
1) hydraulic support column is carried out turning and handle the smooth zero defect in turning rear surface;
2) with hydraulic support column surface alcohol wipe, remove surface and oil contaminant;
3) hydraulic support column is installed, drives column by indexing plate and rotate along X-axis;
4) adopt the 3kW diode pumped solid state laser, cooperate six-joint robot to drive laser head and move along the x axle;
5) hydraulic support column rotatablely moves and after the powder side direction evenly sends, the motion of laser head x axle and the same stepping of Laser emission.
Laser output power is 1200W during cladding, adopts negative out of focus, and laser is the round hot spot of diameter 5.4mm, and laser line scanning speed is 5mm/s, and x axle movement velocity is 0.044mm/s.The laser melting coating that adopts is-140～+ 325 orders with the powdered alloy granularity, and this laser melting coating is 8g/min with the powder feed rate of powdered alloy, and the hydraulic support column diameter that uses is 85mm.The hydraulic support column material is 27SiMn, and the composition of powder and base material is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 powder and base material component (wt.%)
To the column coating that the obtains test that experimentizes, every performance index are as follows: good, flawless 1) are shaped; 2) coating is that excellent metallurgical is combined with matrix; 3) recording coating hardness with hand-held sclerometer reaches more than the HRC50.
Concrete scene 2
Adopt powdered alloy of the present invention, 304 stainless steel shafts are carried out laser melting coating.Laser cladding process is as follows:
1) 304 stainless steel shafts is carried out turning and handle the smooth zero defect in turning rear surface;
2) with 304 stainless steel shaft alcohol wipe, remove surface and oil contaminant;
3) 304 stainless steel shafts are installed, drive stainless steel shaft by indexing plate and rotate along X-axis;
4) adopt the 3kW diode pumped solid state laser, cooperate six-joint robot to drive laser head and move along the x axle;
5) stainless steel shaft rotatablely moves and after the powder side direction evenly sends, the motion of laser head x axle and the same stepping of Laser emission.
Laser output power is 900W during cladding, adopts negative out of focus, and laser is the round hot spot of diameter 5.4mm, and laser line scanning speed is 6mm/s, and x axle movement velocity is 0.16mm/s.The laser melting coating that adopts is-140～+ 325 orders with the powdered alloy granularity, and this laser melting coating is 10g/min with the powder feed rate of powdered alloy, and the 304 stainless steel shaft diameters that use are 28mm.The composition of powder and base material is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 powder and base material component (wt.%)
To the coating that the obtains test that experimentizes, every performance index are as follows: 1) be shaped good, flawless, 2) coating is that excellent metallurgical is combined with matrix.3) recording coating hardness with hand-held sclerometer reaches more than the HRC50.
Concrete scene 3
Adopt powdered alloy of the present invention, the Q235 plate is carried out laser melting coating.Laser cladding process is as follows:
1) the Q235 plate is carried out turning and handle the smooth zero defect in turning rear surface;
2) with Q235 plate alcohol wipe, remove surface and oil contaminant;
3) adopt the 3kW diode pumped solid state laser, cooperate six-joint robot to drive the laser head motion, after the powder side direction was evenly sent, the overlap joint experiment of 4 roads was done in the motion of laser head x axle and the same stepping of Laser emission.
Laser output power is 1100W during cladding, adopts negative out of focus, and laser is the round hot spot of diameter 5.4mm, and laser line scanning speed is 5mm/s.The laser melting coating that adopts is-140～+ 325 orders with the powdered alloy granularity, and this laser melting coating is 7g/min with the powder feed rate of powdered alloy, and the specification of the Q235 steel plate of use is 100 * 80 * 10mm.The composition of powder and base material is as shown in table 3.
Table 3 powder and base material component (wt.%)
To the coating that the obtains test that experimentizes, every performance index are as follows: good, flawless 1) are shaped; 2) coating is that excellent metallurgical is combined with matrix, as shown in Figure 2; 3) the coating average hardness reaches HV
0.2More than 520, as shown in Figure 3.
So far, by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in detail.According to above description, those skilled in the art should have clearly understanding with powdered alloy and the laser cladding method of using it to laser melting coating of the present invention.
In addition, above-mentioned definition to each element, method is not limited in various concrete structures, shape or the method for mentioning in the embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art can replace simply to it with knowing, and for example: laser melting coating of the present invention also can be used for the laser melting coating of other metallic matrix with powdered alloy.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of laser melting coating with powdered alloy and use its laser cladding method.Utilize laser melting coating of the present invention to carry out the column that cladding obtains with powdered alloy and have good plasticity, coating is difficult for cracking defective, can form excellent metallurgical with column is combined, have higher hardness and corrosion resistance nature, and workpiece need not also to need not the insulation processing after thermal pretreatment, the cladding before the cladding, especially, coating hardness can reach more than the HRC50, has a good application prospect.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a laser melting coating powdered alloy is characterized in that, its weight percent is composed as follows:
C:0.63-0.66%; Ni; 27.0～33.0%; Cr:14.35～14.65; B:2.46～2.65%; Si:2.46～2.74%; Mo:1.79～2.01%; Cu:1.35～1.65%; Surplus is Fe.
2. laser melting coating powdered alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that, its granularity is between-140～+ 325 orders.
3. an application rights requires that each described laser melting coating is characterized in that with the laser cladding method of powdered alloy in 1 or 2, comprising:
The surface of the laser head alignment pieces of laser apparatus;
Evenly send into described laser melting coating powdered alloy to the workpiece surface that described laser head is aimed at;
Described laser head sends the above-mentioned laser melting coating powdered alloy of laser fusion, and the various reactants that fusing produces cover the surface of workpiece, forms cladding coating; And
Described laser head is realized the continuous cladding of this preset range workpiece surface in the workpiece surface scanning of preset range.
4. laser cladding method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described workpiece surface of aiming to laser head is evenly sent into described laser melting coating with in the step of powdered alloy, and it is that the thickness of cladding coating is between 0.5mm～1mm that the described amount of sending into powdered alloy satisfies.
5. laser cladding method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, laser scanning speed is 3～8mm/s, and the rate of delivery of powdered alloy is 6～12g/min.
6. laser cladding method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described laser apparatus sends the above-mentioned laser melting coating of laser fusion with in the step of powdered alloy, and the power of described laser apparatus is greater than 500W.
7. laser cladding method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the power of described laser apparatus is between 900W～1200W, and laser facula is the round spot of diameter 3mm～6mm.
8. laser cladding method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the described workpiece surface of aiming to laser head also comprises before evenly sending into the step of described laser melting coating with powdered alloy:
Described laser melting coating is preheated to 120 ℃ of insulations 2-4 hour with powdered alloy, dries processing.
9. according to each described laser cladding method in the claim 3 to 8, it is characterized in that described laser head in the step of the workpiece surface scanning of preset range is:
When workpiece when being cylindrical: workpiece is rotated along X-axis, then make laser head along the move surface of scanning workpiece of X-axis again, wherein, X-axis is the direction of Workpiece length;
When workpiece when being plate shaped: laser head moves to designated length along X-axis, laser shutdown, and laser head moves to next starting point, continues emission laser scanning workpiece, and the coating that the laser single pass forms is the single track cladding coating.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described laser head is in the step of the workpiece surface scanning of preset range:
When workpiece when being cylindrical: the coating before the cladding coating part that Workpiece Rotating one week back laser scanning is formed covers forms overlap joint;
When workpiece when being plate shaped: can preceding road, cover part coating with current road coating, form overlap joint.
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| CN103695900A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-02 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Preparation method for wear-resisting corrosion-resisting rod piece |
| CN103966599A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-06 | 山东能源机械集团大族再制造有限公司 | Alloy powder used for laser cladding and preparation method thereof |
| CN103993309A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-08-20 | 江苏新亚特钢锻造有限公司 | Method for re-manufacturing roller through laser |
| CN105908181A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-08-31 | 新疆汇翔激光科技有限公司 | Method for repairing ethylene extrusion machine gear shaft through laser cladding |
| CN106011846A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 山西春明激光科技有限公司 | Iron-based alloy powder material for laser cladding |
| CN107630662A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-01-26 | 江苏中科大港激光科技有限公司 | A kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant rotary digging tooth and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019061059A1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-04 | 东台精机股份有限公司 | Rolling three-dimensional printing device and operation method therefor |
| US10773342B2 (en) | 2017-09-27 | 2020-09-15 | Tongtai Machine & Tool Co., Ltd. | 3D printing device and operation method thereof |
| CN112322996A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-05 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Alloy powder for steel rail laser cladding strengthening and laser cladding method |
| CN113981313A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-28 | 河南爱钢矿业科技有限公司 | Iron-based alloy powder for laser cladding of outer surface of hydraulic support plunger |
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| CN103695900A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-02 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Preparation method for wear-resisting corrosion-resisting rod piece |
| CN103993309A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-08-20 | 江苏新亚特钢锻造有限公司 | Method for re-manufacturing roller through laser |
| CN103966599A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-06 | 山东能源机械集团大族再制造有限公司 | Alloy powder used for laser cladding and preparation method thereof |
| CN103966599B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2016-05-18 | 山东能源重装集团大族再制造有限公司 | Be used for alloy powder of laser melting coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN105908181A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-08-31 | 新疆汇翔激光科技有限公司 | Method for repairing ethylene extrusion machine gear shaft through laser cladding |
| CN106011846A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 山西春明激光科技有限公司 | Iron-based alloy powder material for laser cladding |
| CN107630662A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-01-26 | 江苏中科大港激光科技有限公司 | A kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant rotary digging tooth and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019061059A1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-04 | 东台精机股份有限公司 | Rolling three-dimensional printing device and operation method therefor |
| US10773342B2 (en) | 2017-09-27 | 2020-09-15 | Tongtai Machine & Tool Co., Ltd. | 3D printing device and operation method thereof |
| CN112322996A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-05 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Alloy powder for steel rail laser cladding strengthening and laser cladding method |
| CN113981313A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-28 | 河南爱钢矿业科技有限公司 | Iron-based alloy powder for laser cladding of outer surface of hydraulic support plunger |
| CN113981313B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-06-21 | 河南爱钢矿业科技有限公司 | Iron-based alloy powder for laser cladding of outer surface of hydraulic support plunger |
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Application publication date: 20131009 |