CN103343274A - High-thermal-conductivity graphite-aluminium composite material reinforced by diamond particles in hybrid manner and preparation process for same - Google Patents
High-thermal-conductivity graphite-aluminium composite material reinforced by diamond particles in hybrid manner and preparation process for same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103343274A CN103343274A CN2013103136954A CN201310313695A CN103343274A CN 103343274 A CN103343274 A CN 103343274A CN 2013103136954 A CN2013103136954 A CN 2013103136954A CN 201310313695 A CN201310313695 A CN 201310313695A CN 103343274 A CN103343274 A CN 103343274A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-thermal-conductivity graphite-aluminium composite material reinforced by diamond particles in a hybrid manner and a preparation process for the same. The composite material is composed of, in volume fraction, 21-41% of diamond, 32-65% of flake graphite, and the balance of aluminium or aluminium alloy. The preparation process comprises the following steps of: (1) uniformly mixing diamond particles and flake graphite to obtain mixed powder; (2) adding a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution in the mixed powder and stirring, and pressing to obtain a precast block; (3) preheating and gluing the precast block in a die; (4) heating and melting aluminium or aluminium alloy in a crucible to 700-900 DEG C, then pouring an aluminium melt or aluminium alloy melt in the die; (5) applying an axial pressure by a hydraulic machine, and enabling the aluminium melt or aluminium alloy melt to infiltrate in pores in the precast block; and (6) cooling and releasing the die, and taking out the composite material. Compared with the prior art, the composite material obtained by the preparation process disclosed by the invention has a high thermal conductivity and obtains a high mechanical property simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of compound material, especially relate to a kind of high heat-conductive diamond confusion and strengthen aluminum graphite composite and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of electronics thermal power density, the heat management of power device has proposed new requirement to heat sink material.For high-power component, traditional heat sink material can not meet the demands.The development in recent years graphitized alumina based composites that gets up has high heat conduction, low bulk, low-density characteristics, has showed huge advantage in the high-performance thermal management materials.
Flake graphite becomes the desirable feedstock of preparation high-heat-conductive composite material owing to have high thermal conductivity and lower price.Powder metallurgic method and the infiltration of liquid phase pressure are the common methods of preparation graphitized alumina based composites.The people such as Thomas Hutsch of Germany Fraunhofer institute are at document " Innovative Metal-Graphite Composites as Thermally Conducting Materials.Proceedings of the Powder Metallury World Congress ﹠amp; Exibition.PM2010, Florence, Italy 10-14.October 2010, vol.5, pp.361-368 " in introduced employing powder metallurgy SPS spark sintering and prepared the graphite-metal matrix material; wherein the thermal conductivity of the graphite REINFORCED Al Si25Cu4.5Mg1 matrix material of 50% graphite volume fraction is 300W/mk, but that the shortcoming of this method is prepared matrix material density is low.Low density not only makes high thermal conductivity not give full play to, and has also reduced the mechanical property of material.The people such as R.Prieto of especially big of Spain Ali bank have introduced the air pressure infiltration and have prepared the aluminum graphite composite that silicon-carbide particle mixes enhancing in document " Thermal conductivity of graphite flakes-SiC particles/metal composites.Composite:Part A; vol.42; 2011, pp.1970-1977. ".The aluminum graphite composite of this method preparation the flake graphite volume fraction up to 90% situation under, thermal conductivity has only 368W/mk, the adding of silicon carbide has limited the raising of matrix material thermal conductivity.This is because in the air pressure infiltration process, silicon carbide and aluminium liquid Long contact time under hot conditions, surface reaction takes place in aluminium carbide and aluminium easily, generate aluminium carbide on the silicon-carbide particle surface, thereby reduced the thermal conductivity of silicon carbide/aluminum substrate, thereby reduced the heat conductivility of matrix material integral body.In order to satisfy aluminum graphite composite at the application requiring in heat radiation field, how to give full play to the high thermal conductivity of matrix material, obtaining higher mechanical properties simultaneously becomes problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the problem that existing aluminum graphite composite density is not high and exist surface reaction reduction heat conductivility not give full play to, strengthen aluminum graphite composite and preparation technology thereof with the high heat-conductive diamond confusion that obtains high comprehensive performance.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of high heat-conductive diamond confusion strengthens aluminum graphite composite; it is characterized in that; this matrix material is made up of diamond, flake graphite and aluminum or aluminum alloy; described adamantine volume fraction is 21%～41%; the volume fraction of flake graphite is 32～65%, and all the other are aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Described aluminium alloy comprises AlSi
7Mg
0.3, AlSi
12
A kind of high heat-conductive diamond confusion strengthens the preparation method of aluminum graphite composite, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) diamond particles and flake graphite are mixed obtains mixed powder;
(2) in mixed powder, add polyvinyl alcohol solution (PVA) and stir, the compacting prefabricated section;
(3) prefabricated section preheating and binder removal in mould;
(4) aluminum or aluminum alloy in crucible heat fused to 700-900 ℃, then with the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt cast in mould;
(5) adopt hydropress to apply axle pressure, force the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt infiltration to enter hole in the prefabricated section;
(6) cooling and demolding is taken out matrix material.
The diameter of diamond particles is 1～80 micron described in the step (1), and the diameter of flake graphite is 10～600 microns.
The add-on of polyvinyl alcohol solution is the 3wt% of mixed powder described in the step (2), and churning time is 1 hour.
Preheating temperature is 500 ℃ described in the step (3), insulation 1h.
Axle pressure is 50～100MPa described in the step (5), keep-ups pressure 15 seconds.
Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts PVA to prepare prefabricated section by introduce heat conductivility and the mechanical property that diamond particles improves matrix material in aluminum graphite composite, carries out extrusion casting subsequently and prepares matrix material.Wherein, adopt PVA to prepare prefabricated section and have certain bonding strength, solved the problem that delamination splitting takes place for diamond particles and flake graphite when the compacting prefabricated section; Adopt Extrution casting technique (keep-uping pressure 15 seconds) replacement fast to need the air pressure infiltration of infiltration time a few hours, diamond and aluminium liquid duration of contact have at high temperature significantly been shortened, suppressed adamantine graphite transition, thereby made matrix material obtain high thermal conductivity.Because diamond has very high intensity and hardness, the introducing of diamond particles has improved the mechanical property of material greatly, thereby has solved aluminum graphite composite because the difficult problem of the not enough work in-process easy fracture of physical strength.This novel diamond particles mixes the enhancing aluminum graphite composite and has high heat conduction and high mechanical property simultaneously concurrently, has greatly expanded the application prospect of aluminum graphite composite in the heat management field.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Diamond particles mixes the volume fraction 31% that strengthens diamond particles in the aluminum graphite composite, the volume fraction 48% of flake graphite, and all the other are rafifinal.Its preparation process is: (1) in mixer carries out mechanical stirring with diamond particles and flake graphite by mass ratio at 1: 1, and up to mixing, wherein the diameter of diamond particles is 10 microns, and the diameter of flake graphite is 500 microns; (2) polyvinyl alcohol solution (PVA) of adding 3wt.% in mixed powder, restir 1 hour is put into mould inner pressure with mixed powder then and is made prefabricated section; (3) prefabricated section is heated to 500 ℃ and be incubated 1h in mould, carries out binder removal; (4) aluminum or aluminum alloy heat fused to 800 ℃ in crucible, with the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt cast in mould; (5) adopt hydropress to apply the axle pressure of 60MPa, force the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt infiltration to enter hole in the prefabricated section, keep-uped pressure 15 seconds; (6) cooling and demolding is taken out matrix material.The performance test results: thermal conductivity 580W/ (mK), bending strength is 120MPa.
Embodiment 2
Diamond particles mixes the volume fraction 21% that strengthens diamond particles in the aluminum graphite composite, the volume fraction 65% of flake graphite, and all the other are aluminium alloy AlSi
7Mg
0.3Its preparation process is: (1) in mixer carries out mechanical stirring with diamond particles and flake graphite by mass ratio at 1: 2, and up to mixing, wherein the diameter of diamond particles is 20 microns, and the diameter of flake graphite is 200 microns; (2) polyvinyl alcohol solution (PVA) of adding 3wt.% in mixed powder, restir 1 hour is put into mould inner pressure with mixed powder then and is made prefabricated section; (3) prefabricated section is heated to 500 ℃ and be incubated 1h in mould, carries out binder removal; (4) aluminum or aluminum alloy heat fused to 760 ℃ in crucible, with the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt cast in mould; (5) adopt hydropress to apply the axle pressure of 80MPa, force the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt infiltration to enter hole in the prefabricated section, keep-uped pressure 15 seconds; (6) cooling and demolding is taken out matrix material.The performance test results: thermal conductivity 462W/ (mK), bending strength is 84MPa.
Embodiment 3
Diamond particles mixes the volume fraction 41% that strengthens diamond particles in the aluminum graphite composite, the volume fraction 32% of flake graphite, and all the other are aluminium alloy AlSi
12Its preparation process is: (1) in mixer carries out mechanical stirring with diamond particles and flake graphite by mass ratio at 2: 1, and up to mixing, wherein the diameter of diamond particles is 50 microns, and the diameter of flake graphite is 400 microns; (2) polyvinyl alcohol solution (PVA) of adding 3wt.% in mixed powder, restir 1 hour is put into mould inner pressure with mixed powder then and is made prefabricated section; (3) prefabricated section is heated to 500 ℃ and be incubated 1h in mould, carries out binder removal; (4) aluminum or aluminum alloy heat fused to 780 ℃ in crucible, with the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt cast in mould; (5) adopt hydropress to apply the axle pressure of 50MPa, force the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt infiltration to enter hole in the prefabricated section, keep-uped pressure 15 seconds; (6) cooling and demolding is taken out matrix material.The performance test results: thermal conductivity 425W/ (mK), bending strength is 173MPa.
Embodiment 4
The diameter of the diamond particles that adopts is 1 micron, and the diameter of flake graphite is 10 microns.
Axle pressure is 50MPa, keep-ups pressure 15 seconds.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The diameter of the diamond particles that adopts is 80 microns, and the diameter of flake graphite is 600 microns.
Axle pressure is 100MPa, keep-ups pressure 15 seconds.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Claims (7)
1. a high heat-conductive diamond confusion strengthens aluminum graphite composite; it is characterized in that; this matrix material is made up of diamond, flake graphite and aluminum or aluminum alloy; described adamantine volume fraction is 21%～41%; the volume fraction of flake graphite is 32～65%, and all the other are aluminum or aluminum alloy.
2. a kind of high heat-conductive diamond confusion according to claim 1 strengthens aluminum graphite composite, it is characterized in that described aluminium alloy comprises AlSi
7Mg
0.3, AlSi
12
3. the preparation method of a high heat-conductive diamond confusion enhancing aluminum graphite composite as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps;
(1) diamond particles and flake graphite are mixed obtains mixed powder;
(2) in mixed powder, add polyvinyl alcohol solution (PVA) and stir, the compacting prefabricated section;
(3) prefabricated section preheating and binder removal in mould;
(4) aluminum or aluminum alloy in crucible heat fused to 700-900 ℃, then with the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt cast in mould;
(5) adopt hydropress to apply axle pressure, force the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt infiltration to enter hole in the prefabricated section;
(6) cooling and demolding is taken out matrix material.
4. high heat-conductive diamond confusion according to claim 3 strengthens the preparation method of aluminum graphite composite, it is characterized in that the diameter of diamond particles is 1～80 micron described in the step (1), and the diameter of flake graphite is 10～600 microns.
5. high heat-conductive diamond confusion according to claim 3 strengthens the preparation method of aluminum graphite composite, it is characterized in that the add-on of polyvinyl alcohol solution is the 3wt% of mixed powder described in the step (2), and churning time is 1 hour.
6. high heat-conductive diamond confusion according to claim 3 strengthens the preparation method of aluminum graphite composite, it is characterized in that preheating temperature is 500 ℃ described in the step (3), insulation 1h.
7. high heat-conductive diamond confusion according to claim 3 strengthens the preparation method of aluminum graphite composite, it is characterized in that axle pressure is 50～100MPa described in the step (5), keep-ups pressure 15 seconds.
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| CN103589894A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-02-19 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing orientation-reinforced Cu composite material for two-dimensional heat dissipation |
| CN104087878A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-08 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing composite material for engine cylinder piston |
| CN104264023A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2015-01-07 | 含山县全兴内燃机配件有限公司 | Flywheel casing of internal combustion engine for ship |
| CN104707975A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-17 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | High-thermal-conductivity lamellar graphite/aluminum composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104846229A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-19 | 太原理工大学 | Preparation method of particle-reinforced aluminum alloy-based wear-resistant material |
| CN105734333A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-06 | 西北工业大学 | Heat conducting graphite/low-silicon/aluminium base composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN108588529A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-28 | 上海交通大学 | The high heat conduction metal-based composite material and preparation method at graphene modified interface |
| CN108842081A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-20 | 西安航空学院 | A kind of vacuum gas pressure infiltration prepares the preparation method of Al/SiC-C-SiC composite material |
| CN108893643A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-27 | 西安航空学院 | A kind of method that vacuum gas pressure infiltration prepares AlC composite material |
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| CN109371303A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-22 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Heat-conductive composite material and preparation method thereof, radiating piece |
| CN110724860A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-24 | 珠海市润星泰电器有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111235420A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-05 | 西北工业大学 | Method for improving interlayer arrangement uniformity of flake graphite aluminum-based composite material by adding copper-plated aluminum sheet |
| CN114855021A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-05 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Preparation method of fullerene raw ash modified diamond/aluminum composite material |
| CN114934221A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏大学 | Graphite flake reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115572875A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-06 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Preparation method of diamond-reinforced graphite aluminum high-thermal-conductivity composite material |
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| CN1944698A (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2007-04-11 | 北京科技大学 | Super high heat conduction, low heat expansion coefficient composite material and its preparing method |
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| CN103589894A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-02-19 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing orientation-reinforced Cu composite material for two-dimensional heat dissipation |
| CN103589894B (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-06-17 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing orientation-reinforced Cu composite material for two-dimensional heat dissipation |
| CN104707975A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-17 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | High-thermal-conductivity lamellar graphite/aluminum composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104087878A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-08 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing composite material for engine cylinder piston |
| CN104087878B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2015-12-09 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of engine cylinder piston matrix material |
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| CN104846229A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-19 | 太原理工大学 | Preparation method of particle-reinforced aluminum alloy-based wear-resistant material |
| CN104846229B (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-08-17 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of granule enhancement type aluminium alloy base high-abrasive material |
| CN105734333A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-06 | 西北工业大学 | Heat conducting graphite/low-silicon/aluminium base composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN105734333B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2018-02-02 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of conductive graphite/low silicon/aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108842081A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-20 | 西安航空学院 | A kind of vacuum gas pressure infiltration prepares the preparation method of Al/SiC-C-SiC composite material |
| CN108893643A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-27 | 西安航空学院 | A kind of method that vacuum gas pressure infiltration prepares AlC composite material |
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| CN114934221A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏大学 | Graphite flake reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114855021A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-05 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Preparation method of fullerene raw ash modified diamond/aluminum composite material |
| CN114855021B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-12-30 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Preparation method of fullerene raw ash modified diamond/aluminum composite material |
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