CN103342628B - Method for simultaneously extracting and separating solanesol and nicotine from tobacco - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously extracting and separating solanesol and nicotine from tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN103342628B CN103342628B CN201310318077.9A CN201310318077A CN103342628B CN 103342628 B CN103342628 B CN 103342628B CN 201310318077 A CN201310318077 A CN 201310318077A CN 103342628 B CN103342628 B CN 103342628B
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- nicotine
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- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- AFPLNGZPBSKHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betulaprenol 9 Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO AFPLNGZPBSKHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
- AFPLNGZPBSKHHQ-MEGGAXOGSA-N solanesol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CO AFPLNGZPBSKHHQ-MEGGAXOGSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 53
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000469 ethanolic extract Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CGFYHILWFSGVJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O.O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1.O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1.O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1.O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 CGFYHILWFSGVJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JYVHOGDBFNJNMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCCCCC JYVHOGDBFNJNMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013094 purity test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ACTIUHUUMQJHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Coenzym Q10 Natural products COC1=C(OC)C(=O)C(CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)=C(C)C1=O ACTIUHUUMQJHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017471 coenzyme Q10 Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940110767 coenzyme Q10 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- ACTIUHUUMQJHFO-UPTCCGCDSA-N coenzyme Q10 Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(=O)C(C\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C)=C(C)C1=O ACTIUHUUMQJHFO-UPTCCGCDSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-FWCWNIRPSA-N 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-FWCWNIRPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002874 Acne Vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006770 Ascorbic Acid Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PZIRUHCJZBGLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caffeoylquinic acid Natural products CC(CCC(=O)C(C)C1C(=O)CC2C3CC(O)C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(=O)O PZIRUHCJZBGLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010019799 Hepatitis viral Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001953 Hypotension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006877 Insect Bites and Stings Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N Neochlorogenin-saeure Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001529246 Platymiscium Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004078 Snake Bites Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007107 Stomach Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047623 Vitamin C deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940088623 biologically active substance Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940074393 chlorogenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N chlorogenic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFQSDFBBSXGVKF-KHSQJDLVSA-N chlorogenic acid Natural products O[C@@H]1C[C@](O)(C[C@@H](CC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O FFQSDFBBSXGVKF-KHSQJDLVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001368 chlorogenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002279 cholagogic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N cis-3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)cc2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000000718 duodenal ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000021822 hypotensive Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019143 vitamin K2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simultaneously extracting and separating solanesol and nicotine from a tobacco. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) extracting the solanesol and the nicotine at the same time; (2) extracting and separating; (3) separating and purifying the solanesol; (4) separating and purifying the nicotine. Because the nicotine is separated and extracted and the solanesol is saponified and extracted at the same time, the extraction steps are simplified greatly, and the consumption of time and solvents is saved. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention is efficient, ensures that more products are extracted and less waste liquid is discharged, is simple in step and is an environmentally-friendly production technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobacco deep process technology field, specifically refer to a kind of method of simultaneously extraction and isolation Salanesol and nicotine from tobacco.
Background technology
Tobacco is important cash crop, and belong to Solanaceae annual herb plant, single leaf alternate, originates in South America, and 16 middle of century tobaccos import China into.China is tobacco leaf production and the maximum country of consumption in the world, accounts for more than 1/3rd of global total amount.Smoking is harmful to your health becomes final conclusion, and along with the rise of world's Tobacco Control campaign, the purposes of tobacco in cigarette also will greatly weaken.But as a kind of natural plant resource of high yield, the wholesome potential use of tobacco also widely.Except containing except protein, carbohydrate in tobacco, also containing the pharmaceutical use composition that Salanesol, nicotine etc. are important, its exploitation prospect is wide.Salanesol is the effective medicinal components that a kind of added value is higher, has the pharmacological actions such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and hemostasis, is also the necessary raw material of synthesise vitamins K2 and Coenzyme Q10 99.0 simultaneously.Coenzyme Q10 99.0 has unique curative effect in Cardiovarscular, has significant curative effect, and more find that it has significant auxiliary curative effect to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) recently in treatment vitamin C deficiency, duodenal ulcer and stomach ulcer, gangrenosum acne periodontitis, viral hepatitis.Therefore the extraction of Salanesol of synthesis material, purifying the concern of people also must more and more be caused as Coenzyme Q10 99.0.Nicotine is a kind of alkaloid in tobacco leaf, colourless, tasteless, and normal temperature is liquid, lower than can be miscible arbitrarily with water when 60 DEG C, be very easily dissolved in the organic solvents such as alcohol, ether, chloroform, sherwood oil.Widely, its purposes mainly comprises agricultural chemicals and medical two broad aspect in natural nicotine application.Nicotine series pesticide platymiscium sterilant, have steam smoke, the feature of stomach toxicity, function of tagging and rapidly degraded noresidue, being widely used as the sterilant of the farm crop such as grain, oil plant, veterinary antibiotics, herbage, is desirable efficient green sterilant and biological agricultural chemicals.In addition, high purity nicotine is the extraordinary raw material of medicine medicine industry being developed the illness such as treatment is cardiovascular, skin, snake bite and insect sting.Chlorogenic acid is a kind of important biologically active substance, have antibacterial, antiviral, increase white cell, hepatic cholagogic, antitumor, hypotensive, reducing blood-fat, the effect such as scavenging free radicals and stimulating central nervous system system.
Have some documents at present and patent reports research effective constituent in tobacco being carried out to extraction and application, such as patent CN1087076 discloses the method extracting Salanesol from low-class tobacco; Patent CN1810747 discloses a kind of method of solanesol extracting and preparing; Patent CN1064680 discloses a kind of production technique of nicotine products; Patent CN101050212A discloses a kind of method simultaneously extracting high pure natural nicotine and Salanesol from abandoned tobacco; Document (Agriculture of Anhui science 2008,36(35): research 15287-15288) reporting Salanesol extraction conditions in abandoned tobacco; Document (University of Fuzhou's journal 2008,36(2): extraction and purification 308-312) reporting nicotine and Salanesol in inferior tobacco is studied.Patent disclosed in these and document or to extract kind single, as Salanesol or nicotine can only be obtained, or complex steps, must two steps Salanesol and nicotine all could be extracted, and length consuming time, separation efficiency is low, and product purity is low, and waste water generation is large.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of simultaneously extraction and isolation Salanesol and nicotine from tobacco, it be a kind of by the method that just (free state and combined) Salanesol in tobacco and nicotine two kinds of products can be extracted then in addition separation and purification by easy onestep extraction simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the method for simultaneously extraction and isolation Salanesol and nicotine from tobacco provided by the invention, it comprises the steps:
(1) extract while Salanesol and nicotine: tobacco material is after drying and pulverizing, and add circulating ultrasonic extractor, then add the ethanolic soln of the alkali of 10 ~ 15 times of tobacco material quality, supersound extraction obtains ethanol extract;
(2) extracting and separating: ultrasonic extraction is complete, excess ethanol extracting solution removing tobacco filter residue obtains the filtrate containing ethanol, regulate pH to be 2 ~ 4 by hydrochloric acid soln filtrate again, the ethanol then in vacuum concentration removing filtrate obtains Salanesol nicotine crude mixture; Salanesol nicotine crude mixture sherwood oil/water or normal hexane/water are carried out liquid-liquid diphase extracting and separating, the petroleum ether layer that extracting and separating obtains or normal hexane layer enriched product are crude product Salanesol, and the water layer enriched product that extracting and separating obtains is crude product nicotine;
(3) separation and purification of Salanesol: after crude product Salanesol extracting and separating obtained is concentrated in vacuo to 5 ~ 10mL is sherwood oil by volume ratio: the eluent of ethyl acetate=9:1 carries out wash-out; Elutriant high for Salanesol concentration is merged, concentrated, then add alcohol crystal solvent and carry out crystallization and filter, the crystal vacuum-drying obtained, obtains refining Salanesol;
(4) separation and purification of nicotine: after the crude product nicotine of extracting and separating is concentrated in vacuo to 100 ~ 150mL, adds alkali lye adjust ph to 9 ~ 11, then carry out wet distillation; To liquid is concentrated in vacuo to original volume 1/4 ~ 1/5 be slipped out, add alkali lye adjust ph to 9 ~ 11, what obtain concentrating slips out liquid, the isopyknic chloroform extraction of liquid twice is slipped out with concentrated, merge the extraction liquid after this twice chloroform extraction and use anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, last underpressure distillation removing chloroform, obtains high purity nicotine.
As a kind of preferred version, in described step (1), tobacco material is 20 orders after drying and pulverizing; Add the ethanolic soln of NaOH or KOH of 0.1 ~ 0.2mol/L of 10 ~ 15 times of tobacco material quality, supersound extraction under the condition of temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, obtains ethanol extract; The ultrasonic power of described circulating ultrasonic extractor is 100 ~ 300W, and the supersound extraction time is 30 ~ 60min.
As another preferred version, evenly be added drop-wise on silicagel column with 100 ~ 200 orders after crude product Salanesol vacuum concentration in described step (3) and carry out wash-out again, describedly add the Tc that alcohol crystal solvent carries out crystallization and be-15 DEG C, filtering the vacuum drying temperature of crystal obtained is 20 DEG C.
As another preferred version, adding alkali lye in described step (4) is NaOH solution adjust ph to 11, control receiving liquid pH be less than 3 with diluted acid absorption condensation liquid when carrying out wet distillation, detect when sediment-free produces stop distillation when slipping out liquid 1% silicotungstic acid.
The invention has the advantages that: method of the present invention dissociating and extracting nicotine, and the saponification of Salanesol is carried out with extraction all simultaneously, enormously simplify extraction step, saves time and solvent consumption.This method is more efficient than prior art, and extract product many, step is few, and discharging of waste liquid amount is few, is a kind of Green Manufacturing Technology being conducive to environment protection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram of Salanesol standard model of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram that the present invention prepares sample.
Fig. 4 is the high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram of nicotine standard sample of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram that the present invention prepares sample.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Utilize the purity of high effective liquid chromatography for measuring polishing Salanesol and nicotine in the embodiment of the present invention, condition determination is as follows:
The high performance liquid chromatography test parameter of Salanesol:
Chromatographic column: C18 reversed-phase column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm)
Moving phase: Virahol: acetonitrile=50%:50% (volume ratio)
Flow velocity: 1mL/min
Ultraviolet detection wavelength: 210nm
Column temperature: 25 DEG C
Sample size: 10 μ L
The high performance liquid chromatography test parameter of nicotine:
Chromatographic column: C18 reversed-phase column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm)
Moving phase: methyl alcohol: phosphate buffer solution=60%:40% (volume ratio)
Phosphate buffer solution is prepared: 2.420g Sodium phosphate dibasic, 3.5mL phosphoric acid and 6.5mL triethylamine, add water and be settled to 1000mL.
Flow velocity: 1mL/mim
Ultraviolet detection wavelength: 259nm
Column temperature: 30 DEG C
Sample size: 10 μ L
Embodiment one:
(1) extract while Salanesol and nicotine: 50g tobacco material is after drying and pulverizing (about 20 orders), add circulating ultrasonic extractor, then the NaOH ethanolic soln of 500g 0.1mol/L is added, at ultrasonic power 100W, ultrasonic and circulated extraction 30min under the condition of temperature 50 C.
(2) extracting and separating: ultrasonic extraction is complete, releases ethanol extract, and excessively filters tobacco filter residue, and filtrate regulates pH to be 2 by hydrochloric acid soln, and then vacuum concentration removing ethanol obtains Salanesol nicotine crude mixture.Crude mixture 300mL sherwood oil/300mL water is carried out liquid-liquid diphase extracting and separating.Petroleum ether layer enriched product is crude product Salanesol, and water layer enriched product is crude product nicotine.
(3) separation and purification of Salanesol: after the sherwood oil of extracting and separating is concentrated in vacuo to 5mL mutually, be evenly added drop-wise on (100-200 order) silicagel column, carries out wash-out with (sherwood oil: ethyl acetate=9:1) eluent.And Salanesol content in the elutriant collected by each different time sections of thin layer chromatography (TLC) qualitative analysis, part mainly containing Salanesol is merged, concentrated, then (ethanol) recrystallisation solvent is added, crystallization at-15 DEG C, the crystal that filtration obtains, at room temperature in vacuo drying (20 DEG C), obtains refining Salanesol 0.38g, purity testing is 91%, yield 70%.
(4) separation and purification of nicotine: after the aqueous phase of extracting and separating is concentrated in vacuo to 100mL, add NaOH adjust ph to 9, then carry out wet distillation.Also control receiving liquid pH all the time with diluted acid absorption condensation liquid and be less than 3, stop distilling when slipping out liquid 1% silicotungstic acid and detecting sediment-free generation.Then will slip out liquid and be concentrated in vacuo to 25mL, add NaOH adjust ph to 9, with chloroform extraction twice, each 25mL, combined chloroform also uses anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, and namely last underpressure distillation removing chloroform obtains high purity nicotine 1.62g, purity testing is 98%, yield 80%.
Embodiment two:
(1) extract while Salanesol and nicotine: 100g tobacco material is after drying and pulverizing (about 20 orders), add circulating ultrasonic extractor, then the NaOH ethanolic soln of 1200g 0.1mol/L is added, at ultrasonic power 200W, ultrasonic and circulated extraction 50min under the condition of temperature 60 C.
(2) extracting and separating: ultrasonic extraction is complete, releases ethanol extract, and excessively filters tobacco filter residue, and filtrate regulates pH to be 3 by hydrochloric acid soln, and then vacuum concentration removing ethanol obtains Salanesol nicotine crude mixture.Crude mixture 500mL sherwood oil/500mL water is carried out liquid-liquid diphase extracting and separating.Petroleum ether layer enriched product is crude product Salanesol, and water layer enriched product is crude product nicotine.
(3) separation and purification of Salanesol: the sherwood oil of extracting and separating is concentrated in vacuo to 8mL mutually, is evenly added drop-wise on (100-200 order) silicagel column, carries out wash-out with (sherwood oil: ethyl acetate=9:1) eluent.And Salanesol content in the elutriant collected by each different time sections of thin layer chromatography (TLC) qualitative analysis, part mainly containing Salanesol is merged, concentrated, then (ethanol) recrystallisation solvent is added, crystallization at-15 DEG C, the crystal that filtration obtains, at room temperature in vacuo drying (20 DEG C), obtains refining Salanesol 0.82g, purity testing is 92%, yield 78%.
(4) separation and purification of nicotine: the aqueous phase of extracting and separating is concentrated in vacuo to 150mL, adds NaOH adjust ph to 10, then carries out wet distillation.Also control receiving liquid pH all the time with diluted acid absorption condensation liquid and be less than 3, stop distilling when slipping out liquid 1% silicotungstic acid and detecting sediment-free generation.Then will slip out liquid and be concentrated in vacuo to 30mL, add NaOH adjust ph to 10, with chloroform extraction twice, each 30mL, combined chloroform also uses anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, and namely last underpressure distillation removing chloroform obtains high purity nicotine 1.70g, purity testing is 98%, yield 84%.
Embodiment three:
(1) extract while Salanesol and nicotine: 100g tobacco material is after drying and pulverizing (about 20 orders), add circulating ultrasonic extractor, then the NaOH ethanolic soln of 1500g 0.1mol/L is added, at ultrasonic power 300W, ultrasonic and circulated extraction 60min under the condition of temperature 60 C.
(2) extracting and separating: ultrasonic extraction is complete, releases ethanol extract, and excessively filters tobacco filter residue, and filtrate regulates pH to be 4 by hydrochloric acid soln, and then vacuum concentration removing ethanol obtains Salanesol nicotine crude mixture.Crude mixture 500mL sherwood oil/500mL water is carried out liquid-liquid diphase extracting and separating.Petroleum ether layer enriched product is crude product Salanesol, and water layer enriched product is crude product nicotine.
(3) separation and purification of Salanesol: the sherwood oil of extracting and separating is concentrated in vacuo to 10mL mutually, is evenly added drop-wise on (100-200 order) silicagel column, carries out wash-out with (sherwood oil: ethyl acetate=9:1) eluent.And Salanesol content in the elutriant collected by each different time sections of thin layer chromatography (TLC) qualitative analysis, part mainly containing Salanesol is merged, concentrated, then (ethanol) recrystallisation solvent is added, crystallization at-15 DEG C, the crystal that filtration obtains, at room temperature in vacuo drying (20 DEG C), obtains refining Salanesol 0.87g, purity testing is 91%, yield 80%.
(4) separation and purification of nicotine: the aqueous phase of extracting and separating is concentrated in vacuo to 150mL, adds NaOH adjust ph to 11, then carries out wet distillation.Also control receiving liquid pH all the time with diluted acid absorption condensation liquid and be less than 3, stop distilling when slipping out liquid 1% silicotungstic acid and detecting sediment-free generation.Then will slip out liquid and be concentrated in vacuo to 30mL, add NaOH adjust ph to 11, with chloroform extraction twice, each 30mL, combined chloroform also uses anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, and namely last underpressure distillation removing chloroform obtains high purity nicotine 1.72g, purity testing is 98%, yield 85%.
The present invention is for raw material with tobacco leaf (fragment), extracted by an easy step ultrasonic assistant alkaline ethanol, Salanesol in tobacco and nicotine two kinds of products are extracted simultaneously the method for then in addition separation and purification: utilize circulating ultrasonic extractive technique to strengthen the release of active substance in tobacco cell, diffusion and dissolving, improve the utilization ratio of ultrasonic field simultaneously to greatest extent; With alkaline ethanol as Extraction solvent, the nicotine salt in tobacco leaf not only can be made to be dissociated into nicotine, strengthen its solubleness in ethanol, improve nicotine extraction yield; The Salanesol of combined (ester) can also be made in extraction process, just directly saponification reaction to occur and discharge more free state Salanesol simultaneously, and then increase the extraction yield of Salanesol, overcoming also will then by the shortcoming of alkali lye saponification process after extracting in traditional technology.
Claims (3)
1. a method for extraction and isolation Salanesol and nicotine the while of from tobacco, it comprises the steps:
(1) extract while Salanesol and nicotine: tobacco material is after drying and pulverizing, and add circulating ultrasonic extractor, then add the ethanolic soln of the alkali of 10 ~ 15 times of tobacco material quality, supersound extraction obtains ethanol extract;
(2) extracting and separating: ultrasonic extraction is complete, excess ethanol extracting solution removing tobacco filter residue obtains the filtrate containing ethanol, regulate pH to be 2 ~ 4 by hydrochloric acid soln filtrate again, the ethanol then in vacuum concentration removing filtrate obtains Salanesol nicotine crude mixture; Salanesol nicotine crude mixture sherwood oil/water or normal hexane/water are carried out liquid-liquid diphase extracting and separating, the petroleum ether layer that extracting and separating obtains or normal hexane layer enriched product are crude product Salanesol, and the water layer enriched product that extracting and separating obtains is crude product nicotine;
(3) separation and purification of Salanesol: after crude product Salanesol extracting and separating obtained is concentrated in vacuo to 5 ~ 10mL is sherwood oil by volume ratio: the eluent of ethyl acetate=9:1 carries out wash-out; Elutriant high for Salanesol concentration is merged, concentrated, then add alcohol crystal solvent and carry out crystallization and filter, the crystal vacuum-drying obtained, obtains refining Salanesol;
(4) separation and purification of nicotine: after the crude product nicotine of extracting and separating is concentrated in vacuo to 100 ~ 150mL, adds alkali lye adjust ph to 9 ~ 11, then carry out wet distillation; Distillate is concentrated in vacuo to 1/4 ~ 1/5 of original volume, add alkali lye adjust ph to 9 ~ 11, obtain the distillate concentrated, with with the concentrated isopyknic chloroform extraction of distillate twice, merge the extraction liquid after this twice chloroform extraction and use anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, last underpressure distillation removing chloroform, obtains high purity nicotine;
In described step (1), tobacco material is 20 orders after drying and pulverizing; Add the ethanolic soln of NaOH or KOH of 0.1 ~ 0.2mol/L of 10 ~ 15 times of tobacco material quality, supersound extraction under the condition of temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, obtains ethanol extract; The ultrasonic power of described circulating ultrasonic extractor is 100 ~ 300W, and the supersound extraction time is 30 ~ 60min.
2. the method for simultaneously extraction and isolation Salanesol and nicotine from tobacco according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be evenly added drop-wise on silicagel column with 100 ~ 200 orders after crude product Salanesol vacuum concentration in described step (3) and carry out wash-out again, describedly add the Tc that alcohol crystal solvent carries out crystallization and be-15 DEG C, filtering the vacuum drying temperature of crystal obtained is 20 DEG C.
3. the method for simultaneously extraction and isolation Salanesol and nicotine from tobacco according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adding alkali lye in described step (4) is NaOH solution adjust ph to 11, control receiving liquid pH be less than 3 with diluted acid absorption condensation liquid when carrying out wet distillation, stop distillation when distillate detects when sediment-free produces with 1% silicotungstic acid.
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| CN114605382B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-12-22 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Nicotine and preparation method thereof |
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