CN103337918B - High speed electric system - Google Patents
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- CN103337918B CN103337918B CN201310239690.1A CN201310239690A CN103337918B CN 103337918 B CN103337918 B CN 103337918B CN 201310239690 A CN201310239690 A CN 201310239690A CN 103337918 B CN103337918 B CN 103337918B
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Abstract
High speed electric system, belongs to machine field, and the present invention solves the mode adopting electromagnetic damper to produce damping force to reduce system vibration, it is necessary to respectively installs an electromagnetic damper in two ends of rotor, therefore increases system bulk and loss; In addition, damping force acts on two ends of rotor, and rotor axial intermediate point vibration amplitude is maximum usually, and therefore damping is difficult to reach best problem. The present invention comprises duplex winding alternating current machine, main power inverter and control unit; Duplex winding alternating current machine comprises stators and rotators, and described stator comprises stator core and stator winding, and stator core is round shape, and stator winding is the double-winding structure being made up of main winding and auxiliary winding; Described main winding outlet line connects main power inverter; Described auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high speed electric system, belong to machine field.
Background technology
Owing to rotating speed height and the power density of high speed motor are big, the geometrical dimension of motor is much smaller than speed motor low in same power, it is possible to effectively save material; High-speed motor rotational inertia is little, dynamic response fast, can directly be connected with load, eliminate traditional mechanical variable speed device, it is possible to effectively reduce the vibration & noise of system, it is to increase transmission system efficiency. Therefore, high speed motor has become the research focus of machine field. At present, the Application Areas of high speed motor is more and more extensive, such as high speed centrifugation compressor, gas blower and the aerospace field etc. that adopt in high speed grinding machine and other machining tools, high-speed flywheel energy storage system, air circulation refrigeration system, natural gas transport and sewage disposal. In recent years, miniature gas turbine for distributed power supply system drives high speed generator more and more to receive the concern of people.
Fig. 1 is the stator structural representation of a kind of 30 kilowatts of high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motors in the two poles of the earth adopting lap winding. It may be seen that motor is owing to adopting lap winding, and it is the two poles of the earth, therefore the end of armature winding is long, and the span between two bearings fulcrum is big, and the rigidity of rotor spindle is little, quick passage critical speed is low, and between stator and rotor, unbalanced electromagnetic force is tending towards increasing so that rotor oscillation problem is given prominence to. The number of turns of winding of common high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motor is few, and stator reactance is little; Simultaneously owing to driving power frequency height, therefore, the higher harmonic components height in stator winding, the rotor-stator loss of motor is big, and high-frequency current causes simultaneously motor oscillating, noise are big, and the mechanical loss of bearing is big, the life-span is short.
When rotor speed is close or accelerates through quick passage critical speed, if bearing excessive vibration load, or quality of balance during rotor system works suffers suddenly the reasons such as destruction, rotor-bearing system will produce very big vibration, its amplitude proportional is in rotor unbalance value and quick passage critical speed, be inversely proportional to supporting ratio of damping, exciting force direct ratio in rotor unbalance value, amplitude and quick passage critical speed square.The vibration of rotor system can make machine serviceability reduce, and even causes the destruction of whole unit, and serious meeting causes the accident. The vibration that the imbalance of rotor, quick passage critical speed and the textural factor of rotor or the change etc. of working conditions evoke is the most topmost, relevant with rotating speed. Therefore, High Speed Flexible Rotors Supported to be carried out effective vibration control, suppress the vibration that it passes through quick passage critical speed, and increase the stability of system. Reduction system supporting rigidity is to reduce quick passage critical speed, increase supporting damping, the vibration amplitude to reduce amplitude, when these measures can suppress system to pass through quick passage critical speed.
The object reducing system vibration to reach, composed of external damping is a kind of conventional means in engineering, electromagnetic damper has that structure is simple, noncontact, mechanical friction and wear, without the need to advantages such as lubrication, life-span length, rigidity and damping is controlled, fast response times, be just widely used in vibration control field. A kind of universal type electromagnetic damper structure being usually used in rotor oscillation control is as shown in Figure 2. This deoscillator is made up of stators and rotators, and stator becomes by magneticsubstance silicon steel sheet stack, and internal surface forms magnetic pole, it is wound with coil, produces magnetic field after coil electricity, and magnetic circuit is as shown in the direction of arrow in Fig. 2. Rotor can be stacked, it is also possible to right and wrong are stacked. Gap between rotor and stator forms working gas gap. When electromagnetic damper works, stator coil exports control signal by controller, produces static magnetic field. When rotor eddy, there is displacement in (x) or vertical direction (y) in the horizontal direction, change the air gap length between each magnetic pole of electromagnetic damper and rotor, the magnetic flux between air gap is caused to change, magnet coil is made to produce inductive emf, electric current in coil also fluctuates thereupon, and there is phase differential between wave current and rotor displacement, thus creates damping. With reason, another magnetic pole of same coil winding produces size is identical too but radial suction that direction is different, it is exactly that radial suction is provided the damping force suppressing vibration by this.
But above-mentioned employing electromagnetic damper produces damping force, it is necessary to respectively installs an electromagnetic damper in two ends of rotor, therefore increases system bulk and loss; In addition, damping force acts on two ends of rotor, and rotor axial intermediate point vibration amplitude is maximum usually, and therefore damping is difficult to reach best.
Summary of the invention
The mode that the present invention seeks to adopt electromagnetic damper to produce damping force to solve reduces system vibration, it is necessary to respectively installs an electromagnetic damper in two ends of rotor, therefore increases system bulk and loss; In addition, damping force acts on two ends of rotor, and rotor axial intermediate point vibration amplitude is maximum usually, and therefore damping is difficult to reach best problem, it provides a kind of high speed electric system.
High speed electric system of the present invention, it comprises duplex winding alternating current machine, main power inverter and control unit;
Duplex winding alternating current machine comprises stators and rotators, and described stator comprises stator core and stator winding, and stator core is round shape, and stator winding is the double-winding structure being made up of main winding and auxiliary winding;
Described main winding outlet line connects main power inverter;
Described auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit.
The advantage of the present invention: the high speed electric system of the present invention, main winding adopts special toroidal winding structure, substantially reduces winding end, thus shortens motor axial length; The auxiliary winding having damping action by embedding in armature core groove, produces the damping force pointing to axle center, suppresses rotor oscillation when rotor eccentricity, makes whole electric system be more suitable for running at a high speed. Meanwhile, owing to motor main winding adopts toroidal winding, by choose reasonable rear of core groove number and appropriate design flute profile, it is possible to effectively increase winding leakage reactance, reduce higher harmonic components in winding electric current, reduce the high-frequency loss of electric machine rotor. The present invention can suppress the vibration & noise of high speed motor, it is to increase the stability of motor high speed rotating, extends bearing life, and system architecture is simple, volume is little, cost is low, efficiency height.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stator structural representation of the 30 kilowatts of high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motors in the two poles of the earth adopting lap winding in background technology;
Fig. 2 is universal type electromagnetic damper structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of high speed electric system described in enforcement mode one;
Fig. 4 is the control principle drawing of high speed electric system described in enforcement mode two;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the stator employing toroidal winding of 30 kilowatts of high-speed permanent magnet motors;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of high speed electric system described in enforcement mode three;
Fig. 7 is the control principle drawing of high speed electric system described in enforcement mode three;
Fig. 8 is the concrete wiring scheme of high speed electric system control described in enforcement mode three;
Fig. 9 is the stator core structure schematic diagram of high speed electric system described in enforcement mode six;
Figure 10 is the stator core structure schematic diagram of high speed electric system described in enforcement mode five.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 3, high speed electric system described in present embodiment, it comprises duplex winding alternating current machine 1, main power inverter 2 and control unit 3;
Duplex winding alternating current machine 1 comprises stators and rotators, and described stator comprises stator core and stator winding, and stator core is round shape, and stator winding is the double-winding structure being made up of main winding and auxiliary winding;
Described main winding outlet line connects main power inverter 2;
Described auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit 3.
Duplex winding alternating current machine 1 can be synchronous machine, induction motor or reluctance motor
Embodiment two: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 4, enforcement mode one is described further by present embodiment, and control unit 3 comprises vibration signal processing unit, inversion circuit and controller,
Vibration signal processing unit receives the vibration signal that auxiliary winding exports, and the data after vibration signal processing cell processing export to controller, and controller exports steering order to inversion circuit, and inversion circuit exports the control electric current being used for auxiliary winding.
In present embodiment, the vibration signal that auxiliary winding exports is gathered by vibration signal processing unit and processes, signal after process exports to controller, controller exports corresponding steering order to inversion circuit according to the data of input, control current feedback is exported to auxiliary winding by inversion circuit, produce the damping force pointing to axle center when rotor eccentricity, suppress rotor oscillation.
Auxiliary winding is utilized to suppress the principle of work of vibration:
When high speed motor normally rotates, rotor is concentric with stator, can not produce counter potential in auxiliary winding; If owing to rotor eccentricity occur in the reasons such as vibration, the radial component in magnetic field will change, and can produce counter potential in auxiliary winding, and the size of counter potential is directly proportional to eccentric amount, therefore by the counter potential of detection auxiliary winding, can indirectly record the amplitude of rotor oscillation; Eccentric amount is more big, and counter potential is also more big, thus the restorer of the suppression vibration produced is also more big.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, enforcement mode one is described further by present embodiment, and described main winding is hub-and-spoke configuration, and the number of stitches of main winding is even number; Each outlet line of phase winding coils connected in series intermediate point of main winding is connected with the output terminal of control unit 3; The detection signal input terminus of described auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit 3;
Control unit 3 comprises vibration signal processing unit, inversion circuit and controller,
Vibration signal processing unit receives the vibration signal of auxiliary winding, and the data after vibration signal processing cell processing export to controller, and controller exports steering order to inversion circuit, and the output terminal of inversion circuit is as the output terminal of control unit 3.
In present embodiment, each phase winding coils connected in series intermediate point of steering order feedback link main winding that inversion circuit exports, instead of auxiliary winding.
Embodiment four: enforcement mode one is described further by present embodiment, control unit 3 adopts the impedance network being made up of resistance, electric capacity and inductance.
In present embodiment, control unit 3 adopts impedance network, and auxiliary winding and impedance network form loop line, have electric current to flow through, will produce radial electromagnetic force between rotor-stator in auxiliary winding, and this electromagnetic force can suppress rotor oscillation, bias. Eccentric amount is more big, and counter potential is also more big, thus the restorer of the suppression vibration produced is also more big.
The resistance of impedance network, electric capacity, inductance are adjustable structure.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Figure 10, enforcement mode one, two, three or four is described further by present embodiment, the outer toroid of stator core is uniform outer shroud axial groove along the circumferential direction, and the interior annulus of stator core is uniform inner ring axial groove along the circumferential direction.
The groove cross section of inner ring axial groove is approximately inverted trapezoidal, or the cross section of the inner ring axial groove of stator core inner ring and tooth is sinusoidal.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 9, enforcement mode one, two, three or four is described further by present embodiment, the outer toroid of stator core is uniform outer shroud axial groove along the circumferential direction, the surface of the interior annulus of stator core is provided with insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves, and described insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves is evenly divided into multiple inner ring axial groove by multiple coil location edges circumferential direction.
Being smooth slotless configuration inside stator core, be provided with coil side location and insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves inside stator core, coil location limit embeds in skeleton grooves.
Embodiment seven: enforcement mode five or six is described further by present embodiment, main winding is heterogeneous toroidal winding; Auxiliary winding is heterogeneous symmetric winding;
The coil of main winding is rectangle, and coil effective edge embeds the bottom land at inner ring axial groove, and coil effective edge opposite side embeds in the outer shroud axial groove of corresponding phase,
Auxiliary winding embeds in inner ring axial groove, and is positioned at notch side.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 5, enforcement mode five or six is described further by present embodiment, and main winding is toroidal winding; Auxiliary winding is toroidal winding;
The coil of main winding is rectangle, and coil effective edge embeds the bottom land at inner ring axial groove, and coil effective edge opposite side embeds the bottom land of the outer shroud axial groove in corresponding phase,
The coil of auxiliary winding is rectangle, and coil effective edge embeds the notch side at inner ring axial groove, and coil effective edge opposite side embeds the notch side of the outer shroud axial groove in corresponding phase.
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 contrast it may be seen that be 30 kilowatts, the two poles of the earth high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motors equally, present embodiment adopts toroidal winding can greatly shorten winding tip lengths, it is to increase rotor rigidity.
The groove number of embodiment nine: enforcement mode five or six is described further by present embodiment, outer shroud axial groove and inner ring axial groove is identical, or the groove number of outer shroud axial groove is the groove number of inner ring axial grooveQ is the MgO-ZrO_2 brick of main winding; Outer shroud axial groove is semi-enclosed slot, semi-open slot, closed slot or open slot.
When outer shroud axial groove is identical with the groove number of inner ring axial groove, the coil effective edge of toroidal winding embeds in inner ring axial groove, and coil effective edge opposite side embeds in the outer shroud axial groove of correspondence;
When the groove number of outer shroud axial groove is the groove number of inner ring axial grooveTime, the groove number of outer shroud axial groove is less than the groove number of inner ring axial groove, and the coil of every phase winding embeds in same outer shroud axial groove.
Embodiment ten: enforcement mode one is described further by present embodiment, the bearing of duplex winding alternating current machine 1 is mechanical bearing, electromagnetism bearing or air-bearing.
Embodiment 11: enforcement mode one is described further by present embodiment, main winding adopts individual layer or double-layer overlapped winding.
Main winding is made up of internal layer coil and outer coil, two opposite side of each internal layer coil embed the bottom land layer of the inner ring axial groove in stator core and corresponding outer shroud axial groove, two opposite side of each outer coil embed the notch side of the inner ring axial groove in stator core and corresponding outer shroud axial groove, and internal layer coil and outer coil connect into the short distance of heterogeneous symmetry, distributing double layer winding according to certain rule.
Auxiliary winding can also be other winding type, such as single layer winding or double-layer overlapped winding.
The maximum radial thickness of the winding being arranged in groove is more than or equal to maximum groove depth.
Embodiment 12: enforcement mode one is described further by present embodiment, stator core is divided into two sections vertically, and main winding is a set of, and auxiliary winding is each a set of in the heart at two iron legs.
Claims (4)
1. high speed electric system,It comprisesDuplex winding alternating current machine (1), main power inverter (2) and control unit (3); Duplex winding alternating current machine (1) comprises stators and rotators, and described stator comprises stator core and stator winding, and stator core is round shape, and stator winding is the double-winding structure being made up of main winding and auxiliary winding; Described main winding outlet line connects main power inverter (2); Described auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit (3), it is characterized in that control unit (3) comprises vibration signal processing unit, inversion circuit and controller, vibration signal processing unit receives the vibration signal that auxiliary winding exports, data after vibration signal processing cell processing export to controller, controller exports steering order to inversion circuit, and inversion circuit exports the control electric current being used for auxiliary winding; The outer toroid of stator core is uniform outer shroud axial groove along the circumferential direction, the surface of the interior annulus of the stator core along the circumferential direction interior annulus of uniform inner ring axial groove or stator core is provided with insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves, and described insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves is evenly divided into multiple inner ring axial groove by multiple coil location edges circumferential direction; Main winding is heterogeneous toroidal winding; Auxiliary winding is heterogeneous symmetric winding; The coil of main winding is rectangle, and coil effective edge embeds the bottom land at inner ring axial groove, and coil effective edge opposite side embeds in the outer shroud axial groove of correspondence, and auxiliary winding embeds in inner ring axial groove, and is positioned at notch side.
2. high speed electric system,It comprisesDuplex winding alternating current machine (1), main power inverter (2) and control unit (3); Duplex winding alternating current machine (1) comprises stators and rotators, and described stator comprises stator core and stator winding, and stator core is round shape, and stator winding is the double-winding structure being made up of main winding and auxiliary winding; Described main winding outlet line connects main power inverter (2); Described auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit (3), it is characterized in that control unit (3) comprises vibration signal processing unit, inversion circuit and controller, vibration signal processing unit receives the vibration signal that auxiliary winding exports, data after vibration signal processing cell processing export to controller, controller exports steering order to inversion circuit, and inversion circuit exports the control electric current being used for auxiliary winding;The outer toroid of stator core is uniform outer shroud axial groove along the circumferential direction, the surface of the interior annulus of the stator core along the circumferential direction interior annulus of uniform inner ring axial groove or stator core is provided with insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves, and described insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves is evenly divided into multiple inner ring axial groove by multiple coil location edges circumferential direction; Main winding is toroidal winding; Auxiliary winding is toroidal winding; The coil of main winding is rectangle, coil effective edge embeds the bottom land at inner ring axial groove, coil effective edge opposite side embeds the bottom land of the outer shroud axial groove in correspondence, the coil of auxiliary winding is rectangle, coil effective edge embeds the notch side at inner ring axial groove, and coil effective edge opposite side embeds the notch side of the outer shroud axial groove in correspondence.
3. high speed electric system,It comprisesDuplex winding alternating current machine (1), main power inverter (2) and control unit (3); Duplex winding alternating current machine (1) comprises stators and rotators, and described stator comprises stator core and stator winding, and stator core is round shape, and stator winding is the double-winding structure being made up of main winding and auxiliary winding; Described main winding outlet line connects main power inverter (2); Described auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit (3), it is characterised in that it is hub-and-spoke configuration that control unit (3) comprises main winding, the number of stitches of main winding is even number; The outlet line of each phase winding coils connected in series intermediate point of main winding is connected with the output terminal of control unit (3); The detection signal input terminus of auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit (3); Control unit (3) comprises vibration signal processing unit, inversion circuit and controller, vibration signal processing unit receives the vibration signal of auxiliary winding, data after vibration signal processing cell processing export to controller, controller exports steering order to inversion circuit, and the output terminal of inversion circuit is as the output terminal of control unit (3); The outer toroid of stator core is uniform outer shroud axial groove along the circumferential direction, the surface of the interior annulus of the stator core along the circumferential direction interior annulus of uniform inner ring axial groove or stator core is provided with insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves, and described insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves is evenly divided into multiple inner ring axial groove by multiple coil location edges circumferential direction; Main winding is heterogeneous toroidal winding; Auxiliary winding is heterogeneous symmetric winding; The coil of main winding is rectangle, and coil effective edge embeds the bottom land at inner ring axial groove, and coil effective edge opposite side embeds in the outer shroud axial groove of correspondence, and auxiliary winding embeds in inner ring axial groove, and is positioned at notch side.
4. high speed electric system,It comprisesDuplex winding alternating current machine (1), main power inverter (2) and control unit (3); Duplex winding alternating current machine (1) comprises stators and rotators, and described stator comprises stator core and stator winding, and stator core is round shape, and stator winding is the double-winding structure being made up of main winding and auxiliary winding; Described main winding outlet line connects main power inverter (2); Described auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit (3), it is characterised in that it is hub-and-spoke configuration that control unit (3) comprises main winding, the number of stitches of main winding is even number; The outlet line of each phase winding coils connected in series intermediate point of main winding is connected with the output terminal of control unit (3); The detection signal input terminus of auxiliary winding outlet line connection control unit (3); Control unit (3) comprises vibration signal processing unit, inversion circuit and controller, vibration signal processing unit receives the vibration signal of auxiliary winding, data after vibration signal processing cell processing export to controller, controller exports steering order to inversion circuit, and the output terminal of inversion circuit is as the output terminal of control unit (3);The outer toroid of stator core is uniform outer shroud axial groove along the circumferential direction, the surface of the interior annulus of the stator core along the circumferential direction interior annulus of uniform inner ring axial groove or stator core is provided with insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves, and described insulating concrete cylinder shape skeleton grooves is evenly divided into multiple inner ring axial groove by multiple coil location edges circumferential direction; Main winding is toroidal winding; Auxiliary winding is toroidal winding; The coil of main winding is rectangle, coil effective edge embeds the bottom land at inner ring axial groove, coil effective edge opposite side embeds the bottom land of the outer shroud axial groove in correspondence, the coil of auxiliary winding is rectangle, coil effective edge embeds the notch side at inner ring axial groove, and coil effective edge opposite side embeds the notch side of the outer shroud axial groove in correspondence.
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Families Citing this family (3)
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| CN113497495A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-12 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Stator core for high-speed permanent magnet motor, motor and vehicle |
| CN113991933B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-01-06 | 华中科技大学 | Compact flywheel energy storage battery |
| CN116155163B (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-07-28 | 浙江大学 | Control method and system for stator double-winding high-speed motor supported by air bearing |
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