CN103337379A - Energy storage/structure integration-combined multifunctional energy storage device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Energy storage/structure integration-combined multifunctional energy storage device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103337379A CN103337379A CN2013102256802A CN201310225680A CN103337379A CN 103337379 A CN103337379 A CN 103337379A CN 2013102256802 A CN2013102256802 A CN 2013102256802A CN 201310225680 A CN201310225680 A CN 201310225680A CN 103337379 A CN103337379 A CN 103337379A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical capacitors, particularly relates to an energy storage/structure integration-combined multifunctional energy storage device and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method of the energy storage/structure integration-combined energy storage device, carbon fiber cloth which is subjected to KClO3/H2SO4 mixed solution treatment firstly and is subjected to air oxidation treatment is adopted as an electrode material; an epoxy resin-based gel polymer is adopted as an electrolyte; glass fiber cloth is adopted as a membrane; and with the electrode material, the electrolyte and the glass fiber adopted, the energy storage/structure integration-combined multifunctional energy storage device can be obtained. The obtained energy storage device is a structurally-energy storage/structure integration combined capacitor; charge/discharge curves of the capacitor are linear; the structurally-energy storage/structure integration combined capacitor has obvious characteristics of an electrical double-layer capacitor, and has excellent charge/discharge reversibility; the electrochemical performance of the capacitor is greatly improved compared with existing capacitors in the prior art; and a plurality of capacitor units can be stacked, such that electrochemical and mechanical properties can be further improved, and therefore, the capacitor has strong designability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electrochemical capacitor technical field, particularly a kind of multifunction structure capacitor that collects energy storage-structure-integrated and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of new-energy automobiles such as electric automobile, hybrid vehicle, traditional energy storage device is had higher requirement, the power supply loss of weight becomes the most important thing that the new-energy automobile technology is applied, and the demand of the green energy resource storage system of economical and efficient, low-carbon environment-friendly is very urgent; Especially at aerospace field, big, the bulky shortcoming of block battery quality is particularly outstanding; How to reduce energy storage device quality and volume, improve its available capacity, reducing mass of system, improving system effectiveness is the technical barrier that current urgent need solves; The multifunction structure power technology becomes one of effective way of head it off, the multifunction structure power supply is that power supply and load-carrying construction are combined integral body of formation, can either provide energy can make the load-carrying construction material again, for improve stock utilization, reduce mass of system and volume, the raising system effectiveness is significant.
Carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy resin (CF/EP) based composites becomes the research focus of multifunction structure power material because having excellent mechanical characteristic and the intrinsic physicochemical characteristics of raw material of wood-charcoal material concurrently; Tony Carlson(Composites Science and Technology, 70 (2010) 1135 – 1140) adopt the carbon fiber/epoxy resin prepreg to make electrode material, be that barrier film prepares the multifunction structure capacitor with the thin polymer film, prepared capacitor possesses certain mechanics bearing function; For raw material of wood-charcoal material capacitor, its operation principle is to utilize electrode material and electrolyte interface to form electric double layer to store electric charge, and the specific area of raw material of wood-charcoal material and surface nature are the key factors that influences the capacitor electrode chemical property; Because electrode material directly adopts carbon fiber/epoxy resin prepreg semi-finished product to make, electrode material preparation technology and the design of capacitor system are more single, cause capacitor energy storage effect on the low side, and also there is a big difference apart from practical application.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the shortcoming and defect that exists in the prior art in order to overcome, the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth of crossing with activation processing is electrode material, be electrolyte with the epoxy resin base gel polymer, glass fabric is barrier film, and a kind of energy storage-structure-integrated multifunction energy storage device that collects of preparation.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposals, design a kind of structure capacitive device, comprise electrode, electrolyte, barrier film, it is characterized in that adopting the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth through activation processing to make electrode material, with epoxy resin, electrolytic salt, plasticizer component epoxy base gel polymer electrolyte system.
The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that above-mentioned activation processing is crossed is process KClO
3With H
2SO
4The carbon cloth of handling through air oxidation again after mixed solution is handled, concrete steps are as follows:
1, carbon cloth is handled except glue
Be that 1:2 is solvent with acetone and ethanol by its volume ratio, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth is soaked 24h, clean 80 ℃ of dry 12h then with deionized water.
2, carbon cloth liquid phase oxidation
With the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 30min that step 1 was handled, immersing volume ratio is the KClO of 1:1
3With H
2SO
4Mixed solution in, KClO
3Mass percentage concentration be 5 ~ 15%, H
2SO
4Mass percentage concentration be 20 ~ 40%, carbon cloth and KClO
3With H
2SO
4The mass ratio of mixed solution be 1:80, stir, heating is handled 1~3h to carbon cloth for 60~100 ℃; The taking-up of carbon cloth after the oxidation processes is washed till neutrality with deionized water, puts into 80 ℃ of dry 12h of air dry oven.
3, carbon cloth gaseous oxidation
The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that step 2 was handled is put into high temperature furnace, be warming up to 300~600 ℃ with 5 ℃/min heating rate, insulation 0.5~2h is with stove cooling cooling.
Because of the reason in preparation and the course of processing, carbon fiber surface contains many cracks and defective, comprise bending and entanglement or surface crater etc. in surface crystallization defective, fento interface, the fento, crack and defective play a part stress concentration point, are the main causes that reduces carbon fiber strength; Adopt KClO
3With H
2SO
4Liquid phase oxidation and air gaseous oxidation combine carbon fiber are carried out activation processing, not only can effectively eliminate the crack of carbon fiber surface and the tensile strength that defective improves carbon fiber, and the surface roughness that can increase carbon fiber improves its specific area, and this method is simple to operate, with low cost, applicability is strong and effect is remarkable.
Above-mentioned epoxy resin is that bisphenol A type epoxy resin forms through the amine curing agent crosslinking curing; Be epoxy resin commonly used, no longer carefully describe here.
Above-mentioned barrier film is glass fabric.
Above-mentioned electrolytic salt is lithium salts or ammonium salt; Lithium salts is lithium perchlorate (LiClO
4), LiBF4 (LiBF
4) or lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF
6); Ammonium salt is tetraethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate (C
2H
5)
4NBF
4, methyltriethylammonitetrafluoroborate tetrafluoroborate CH
3(C
2H
5)
3NBF
4Or tetrabutyl hexafluorophosphoric acid amine (TBAPF
6).
Above-mentioned plasticizer is ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate or its mixture.
Above-mentioned a kind of preparation method who collects the multifunction energy storage device of energy storage-structure-integrated comprises the steps and process conditions:
(1) electrode and barrier film preparation
The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that activation processing is crossed is cut into the square-shaped electrode sheet on request, and glass fabric is cut into square barrier film on request, and electrode slice and barrier film is in 70 ℃ of vacuumizes 8 hours, stand-by.
(2) gel electrolyte preparation
Bisphenol A type epoxy resin is dissolved in the plasticizer, add electrolytic salt again, be mixed with electrolyte, add amine curing agent in electrolyte, 50~120 ℃ of heating 0.5~2 h obtain the epoxy resin base gel polymer dielectric, each composition percentage by weight is: bisphenol A type epoxy resin 45 ~ 72%, plasticizer 20 ~ 45%, electrolytic salt 4 ~ 10%, amine curing agent 4 ~ 15%.
(3) assembling capacitor and curing molding
Gel electrolyte is coated in the one side that positive and negative electrode contacts barrier film, positive pole, barrier film, negative pole are superimposed as " sandwich " structure successively, under vacuum environment, adopt the die press technology for forming curing molding, temperature is 50~110 ℃, pressure is 5MPa, and the time is 8~24 h, obtains the structure capacitive device.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1, the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that adopts activation processing to cross is electrode material, and electrode material tensile strength and surface activity improve, specific area increases, and are beneficial to the interface of fortifying fibre with between resin matrix on the one hand and are combined, and improve the mechanical property of material; Improve effective ratio area and the surface activity of carbon fiber electrode material formation electric double layer on the other hand, improved the energy storage effect of electrode material.
2, adopt glass fabric to make barrier film, also can play collaborative humidification to composite system, further improved the mechanical property of energy storage device.
3, the present invention compares with prior art, prepared energy storage device belongs to collection energy storage-structure-integrated structure capacitive device, it is linear that the capacitor charging/discharging curve substantially all is, has tangible electric double layer capacitance characteristic, and it is better to discharge and recharge invertibity, and the capacitor electrode chemical property has had large increase than forefathers; For further improving capacitor electrode chemistry and mechanical property, a plurality of capacitor units can be carried out stack-design, designability is more intense.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structure capacitive device of the present invention " sandwich " structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the constant current charge-discharge curve of structure capacitive device under the 1mA current density of one embodiment of the invention, and it is linear that the capacitor charging/discharging curve all is basically, has tangible electric double layer capacitance characteristic, and it is better to discharge and recharge invertibity, and its specific capacity is 1.5F/g.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) carbon cloth activation processing
1. carbon cloth is handled except glue
Be that 1:2 is solvent with acetone and ethanol by its volume ratio, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth is soaked 24h, clean 80 ℃ of dry 12h then with deionized water.
2. carbon cloth liquid phase oxidation
Will be except the deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 30min of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth behind the glue, immersing volume ratio is the KClO of 1:1
3With H
2SO
4Mixed solution in, KClO
3Concentration is 5%, H
2SO
4Concentration is 40%, carbon cloth and KClO
3With H
2SO
4The mass ratio of mixed solution be 1:80, stir, heating is handled 3h to carbon cloth for 60 ℃; The taking-up of carbon cloth after the oxidation processes is washed till neutrality with deionized water, puts into 80 ℃ of dry 12h of air dry oven.
3. carbon cloth gaseous oxidation
Will be through KClO
3With H
2SO
4The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that mixed solution was handled is put into high temperature furnace, is warming up to 300 ℃ with 5 ℃/min heating rate, and insulation 2h is with stove cooling cooling; After the activated processing, tensile strength of carbon fibers is 3.8GPa, and specific area is 32m
2/ g.
(2) electrode and barrier film preparation
The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that above-mentioned activation processing is crossed is cut into the square-shaped electrode sheet on request, and glass fabric is cut into square barrier film on request, and electrode slice and barrier film is in 70 ℃ of vacuumizes 8 hours, stand-by.
(3) gel electrolyte preparation
The 2.2g bisphenol A type epoxy resin is dissolved in the 2g ethylene carbonate, add 0.45g tetraethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate, preparation tetraethyl tetrafluoro boric acid ammonium concentration is the electrolyte of 1mol/l, adds 0.22g divinyl tetramine curing agent, 50 ℃ of heating 2h obtain the epoxy resin base gel polymer dielectric.
(4) assembling capacitor and curing molding
Gel electrolyte is coated in the positive and negative electrode surface, positive pole, barrier film, negative pole are superimposed as " sandwich " structure successively, under vacuum environment, adopt the die press technology for forming curing molding, temperature is 50 ℃, pressure is 5MPa, time is 16h, obtains the structure capacitive device, and structure capacitive device specific capacity is 2.3F/g after tested.
Embodiment 2
(1) carbon cloth activation processing
1. carbon cloth is handled except glue
Be that 1:2 is solvent with acetone and ethanol by its volume ratio, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth is soaked 24h, clean 80 ℃ of dry 12h then with deionized water.
2. carbon cloth liquid phase oxidation
Will be except the deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 30min of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth behind the glue, immersing volume ratio is the KClO of 1:1
3With H
2SO
4Mixed solution in, KClO
3Concentration is 10%, H
2SO
4Concentration is 30%, carbon cloth and KClO
3With H
2SO
4The mass ratio of mixed solution be 1:80, stir, heating is handled 2h to carbon cloth for 80 ℃; The taking-up of carbon cloth after the oxidation processes is washed till neutrality with deionized water, puts into 80 ℃ of dry 12h of air dry oven.
3. carbon cloth gaseous oxidation
Will be through KClO
3With H
2SO
4The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that mixed solution was handled is put into high temperature furnace, is warming up to 500 ℃ with 5 ℃/min heating rate, and insulation 1h is with stove cooling cooling; After the activated processing, tensile strength of carbon fibers is 3.7GPa, and specific area is 28m
2/ g.
(2) electrode and barrier film preparation
The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that activation processing is crossed is cut into the square-shaped electrode sheet on request, and glass fabric is cut into square barrier film on request, and electrode slice and barrier film is in 70 ℃ of vacuumizes 8 hours, stand-by.
(3) gel electrolyte preparation
The 2.5g bisphenol A type epoxy resin is dissolved in 1g ethylene carbonate and the 1g propene carbonate, add the 0.21g lithium perchlorate, preparation lithium perchlorate concentration is the electrolyte of 1mol/l, adds 0.3g triethylene tetramine curing agent, 80 ℃ of heating 1h obtain the epoxy resin base gel polymer dielectric.
(4) assembling capacitor and curing molding
Gel electrolyte is coated in the positive and negative electrode surface, positive pole, barrier film, negative pole are superimposed as " sandwich " structure successively, under vacuum environment, adopt the die press technology for forming curing molding, temperature is 80 ℃, pressure is 5MPa, be 24h curing time, obtains the structure capacitive device, and structure capacitive device specific capacity is 1.5F/g after tested.
Embodiment 3
(1) carbon cloth activation processing
1. carbon cloth is handled except glue
Be that 1:2 is solvent with acetone and ethanol by its volume ratio, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth is soaked 24h, clean 80 ℃ of dry 12h then with deionized water.
2. carbon cloth liquid phase oxidation
Will be except the deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 30min of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth behind the glue, immersing volume ratio is the KClO of 1:1
3With H
2SO
4Mixed solution in, KClO
3Concentration is 15%, H
2SO
4Concentration is 20%, carbon cloth and KClO
3With H
2SO
4The mass ratio of mixed solution be 1:80, stir, heating is handled 1h to carbon cloth for 100 ℃; The taking-up of carbon cloth after the oxidation processes is washed till neutrality with deionized water, puts into 80 ℃ of dry 12h of air dry oven.
3. carbon cloth gaseous oxidation
Will be through KClO
3With H
2SO
4The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that mixed solution was handled is put into high temperature furnace, is warming up to 600 ℃ with 5 ℃/min heating rate, and insulation 0.5h is with stove cooling cooling; After the activated processing, tensile strength of carbon fibers is 4.1GPa, and specific area is 35m
2/ g.
(2) electrode and barrier film preparation
The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that activation processing is crossed is cut into the square-shaped electrode sheet on request, and glass fabric is cut into square barrier film on request, and electrode slice and barrier film is in 70 ℃ of vacuumizes 8 hours, stand-by.
(3) gel electrolyte preparation
The 3g bisphenol A type epoxy resin is dissolved in the 1.2g propene carbonate, add 0.47g tetrabutyl hexafluorophosphoric acid amine, preparation tetrabutyl hexafluorophosphoric acid amine concentration is the electrolyte of 1mol/l, adds 0.6g triethylene tetramine curing agent, 100 ℃ of heating 0.5h obtain the epoxy resin base gel polymer dielectric.
(4) assembling capacitor and curing molding
Gel electrolyte is coated in the positive and negative electrode surface, positive pole, barrier film, negative pole are superimposed as " sandwich " structure successively, under vacuum environment, adopt the die press technology for forming curing molding, temperature is 110 ℃, pressure is 5MPa, be 8h curing time, obtains the structure capacitive device, and structure capacitive device specific capacity is 1.3F/g after tested.
Claims (6)
1. one kind collects energy storage-structure-integrated multifunction energy storage device, comprise electrode, electrolyte, barrier film, it is characterized in that: adopt through the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth of activation processing and make electrode material, with epoxy resin, electrolytic salt, plasticizer component epoxy base gel polymer electrolyte system;
Described polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth through activation processing is process KClO
3With H
2SO
4The carbon cloth of handling through air oxidation again after mixed solution is handled, concrete treatment step is as follows:
(1) carbon cloth is handled except glue
Be that 1:2 is solvent with acetone and ethanol by its volume ratio, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth is soaked 24h, clean 80 ℃ of dry 12h then with deionized water;
(2) carbon cloth liquid phase oxidation
With the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 30min that step 1 was handled, immersing volume ratio is the KClO of 1:1
3With H
2SO
4Mixed solution in, KClO
3Mass percentage concentration be 5 ~ 15%, H
2SO
4Mass percentage concentration be 20 ~ 40%, carbon cloth and KClO
3With H
2SO
4The mass ratio of mixed solution be 1:80, stir, heating is handled 1~3h to carbon cloth for 60~100 ℃; The taking-up of carbon cloth after the oxidation processes is washed till neutrality with deionized water, puts into 80 ℃ of dry 12h of air dry oven;
(3) carbon cloth gaseous oxidation
The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that step 2 was handled is put into high temperature furnace, be warming up to 300~600 ℃ with 5 ℃/min heating rate, insulation 0.5~2h is with stove cooling cooling.
2. a kind of energy storage-structure-integrated multifunction energy storage device that collects as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described epoxy resin is that bisphenol A type epoxy resin forms through the amine curing agent crosslinking curing.
3. a kind of energy storage-structure-integrated multifunction energy storage device that collects as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described barrier film is glass fabric.
4. a kind of energy storage-structure-integrated multifunction energy storage device that collects as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electrolytic salt is lithium salts or ammonium salt; Lithium salts is lithium perchlorate (LiClO
4), LiBF4 (LiBF
4) or lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF
6); Ammonium salt is tetraethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate (C
2H
5)
4NBF
4, methyltriethylammonitetrafluoroborate tetrafluoroborate CH
3(C
2H
5)
3NBF
4Or tetrabutyl hexafluorophosphoric acid amine (TBAPF
6).
5. a kind of energy storage-structure-integrated multifunction energy storage device that collects as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plasticizer is ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate or its mixture.
6. a kind of preparation method who collects the multifunction energy storage device of energy storage-structure-integrated as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) electrode and barrier film preparation
The polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre cloth that activation processing is crossed is cut into the square-shaped electrode sheet on request, and glass fabric is cut into square barrier film on request, and electrode slice and barrier film is in 70 ℃ of vacuumizes 8 hours, stand-by;
(2) gel electrolyte preparation
Bisphenol A type epoxy resin is dissolved in the plasticizer, add electrolytic salt again, be mixed with electrolyte, add amine curing agent in electrolyte, 50~120 ℃ of heating 0.5~2 h obtain the epoxy resin base gel polymer dielectric, each composition percentage by weight is: bisphenol A type epoxy resin 45 ~ 72%, plasticizer 20 ~ 45%, electrolytic salt 4 ~ 10%, amine curing agent 4 ~ 15%;
(3) assembling capacitor and curing molding
Gel electrolyte is coated in the one side that positive and negative electrode contacts barrier film, positive pole, barrier film, negative pole are superimposed as " sandwich " structure successively, under vacuum environment, adopt the die press technology for forming curing molding, temperature is 50~110 ℃, pressure is 5MPa, and the time is 8~24 h, obtains the structure capacitive device.
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CN110067080A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-30 | 江苏大学 | A kind of human body heat preservation Janus infrared radiation diaphragm and preparation method thereof |
CN110310841A (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2019-10-08 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of carbon cloth is as flexible super capacitor electrode material and preparation method and application |
CN114322662A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | Energy collection-storage wearable protective equipment and preparation method thereof |
CN114933725A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-08-23 | 上海墨浦科技有限公司 | Carbon fiber/epoxy resin-based structure super capacitor and preparation method thereof |
CN115366498A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-22 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength structure capacitor, preparation method, new energy automobile and unmanned aerial vehicle |
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Cited By (7)
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CN110067080A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-30 | 江苏大学 | A kind of human body heat preservation Janus infrared radiation diaphragm and preparation method thereof |
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CN115366498A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-22 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength structure capacitor, preparation method, new energy automobile and unmanned aerial vehicle |
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