CN103335546A - Plate type heat exchanger - Google Patents
Plate type heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN103335546A CN103335546A CN2013101693987A CN201310169398A CN103335546A CN 103335546 A CN103335546 A CN 103335546A CN 2013101693987 A CN2013101693987 A CN 2013101693987A CN 201310169398 A CN201310169398 A CN 201310169398A CN 103335546 A CN103335546 A CN 103335546A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, and particularly relates to a novel plate heat exchanger. The heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchange plate layers provided with through holes, wherein a heat exchange base body is formed by stacking the heat exchange plate layers, a flow guide channel for guiding a medium is formed between the contact surfaces of every two adjacent heat exchange plates, the through holes on the heat exchange plates are coaxially arranged to form a liquid inlet hole and a liquid outlet hole which are communicated with external equipment, a front end plate and a rear end plate for clamping the heat exchange base body are arranged at the front end surface and the rear end surface of the heat exchange base body, heat exchange pore passages which penetrate through plate bodies of the front end plate and the rear end plate and are used for being coaxially matched with the liquid inlet hole and the liquid outlet hole on the heat exchange base body are arranged on the front end plate and the; a gap for the heat exchange base body to move along the radial direction of the liquid inlet and outlet holes is reserved between the heat exchange base body and the front end plate and between the heat exchange base body and the rear end plate. The invention has simple structure and can still have good safe and reliable performance under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and harsh pressure and temperature change.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the heat transmission equipment technical field, be specifically related to a kind of novel plate type heat exchanger.
Background technology
Heat exchange element is the critical piece that constitutes heat transmission equipments such as various heat exchangers, air cooler, evaporimeter, preheater, and its form and of a great variety mainly is divided into tube bank and board-like two big classes.Its plate type heat exchanger is a kind of new type high efficient heat exchanger that is formed by a series of sheet metal closed assemblies with certain bellows-shaped; Form the thin rectangular shape passage between the various plates, carry out exchange heat by half sheet.Plate type heat exchanger is the ideal equipment that liquid-liquid, liquid-vapour carry out heat exchange, than tube bank class heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger is little with its heat exchange efficiency height, heat loss, advantages of compact and light structure, floor space are little, install clean make things convenient for, be widely used, characteristics such as long service life and understood by more and more enterprises and accept.
Early stage plate type heat exchanger structure, what its structure all leveled off to welded type rigidly fixes structure entirely, often cause under the cold and hot alternating temperature heat exchange of temperature difference cataclysm and when needing structure suitably to make required deformation, its structure itself is but under the aforementioned effect that rigidly fixes constraint and can't produce corresponding deformation, finally cause the heat resisting and pressure resisting performance of plate bundle class heat transmission equipment to can not show a candle to tube bank class heat transmission equipment, thereby make that the application scenario limitation of plate bundle class heat transmission equipment is very big.
In view of the foregoing, (application number: utility model patent 97230969.1) has been described following structure to the application people: the heat exchange matrix that comprises the stacked formation of some plates for the name on December 20th, 1997 application of Sun Changde is called " advanced composite material (ACM) plate type heat exchanger ", be furnished with metal end plate respectively on the most preceding and last end face of heat exchange matrix, heat exchanger also comprises the thread for affixed two metal end plates, and the thread section of described thread between the metal end plate outside and nut also is equipped with holddown spring.Said structure in use, become traditional all steel and be constrained to flexible constraint, well solved the heat resisting and pressure resisting problem of present heat exchanger, yet, on the one hand, because the continuous compression of holddown spring own often be easy to tired deformation effect takes place, thereby the actual use state of heat exchanging device exerts an influence; Simultaneously, holddown spring is not the rigid constraint mode after all, under the effect effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold for a long time, often the decline because of its thrust causes the relative position of heat exchange matrix and metal end plate to produce difference, and causing each the liquid in-out duct load that runs through both excessive and even structure problem occurs, these all need to fight off in use; On the other hand, this structure only pay attention to along pull rod shaft to the flexible constraint purpose, and radially also be that the constraint of plate body plate face direction there is no description to it along pull bar, in fact at present the liquid in-out duct inner hole wall of the liquid in-out duct inner hole wall on the heat exchange matrix, metal end plate and connect between the outer wall of the ring flange between this liquid in-out duct and external equipment pipeline and be the pursuit Stability Analysis of Structures, all adopt the affixed or tight connected structure of tight screw thread, do not have relative displacement to each other diametrically, these have all caused the reduction of its heat resisting and pressure resisting performance; In addition, the thickness of temperature variable Rate and metallic article is inversely proportional to, when the difference in thickness of two metallic article A and B is big, the size of the two temperature approach is mainly determined by the warm variable Rate of the less metallic article of thickness, the plate body of structure is welded as a whole each other entirely at present, and close welding difference in thickness is very big between the two for directly supporting between plate body and metal end plate, the less metallic article of thickness is that plate body is very responsive to the response that temperature becomes, self temperature difference in unit interval is slab much larger than the bigger metallic article of thickness, thereby under welding constraints, make lamellar plate body produce the moment thermal (temperature difference) stress.How to seek a kind of heat exchanger clamp mechanism simple in structure, guarantee its high-temperature resistant withstand voltage properties with the architectural characteristic by itself, for those skilled in the art compel technical barrier to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of plate type heat exchanger simple in structure, can comparatively still have good safety and reliability under the exacting terms at HTHP and pressure, temperature variation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of plate type heat exchanger, comprise the some stacked formation heat exchange of heat exchange plate matrixes that offer through hole on it, be formed for the flow-guiding channel of permeable medium between the abutment face of described each adjacent heat exchanger plates sheet, the coaxial setting of through hole on the heat exchange plate forms advancing of connection external equipment, fluid hole, the front/rear end punishment of heat exchange matrix is equipped with for before this heat exchange matrix of clamping, end plate, before, offer on the end plate run through its plate body be used for the heat exchange matrix on advance, the heat exchange duct of fluid hole coaxial cooperation, described heat exchanger also comprise be used to before running through affixed front and back end plate and making, form the pull bar that rigidity cooperates between end plate and plate package; Be reserved with between described heat exchange matrix and forward and backward end plate for the gap of heat exchange matrix along its liquid inlet and outlet aperture to the direction activity.
Because such scheme, the beneficial effect that the present invention possesses is: abandoned heat exchanger traditional full holding or the elastic fixing formula, and make the side up and down that is arranged on perpendicular to the liquid inlet/outlet direction of described heat exchange matrix be free end, in the time of also namely in being in heat transfer process, heat exchange plate in the heat exchange matrix can also be the radially generation deformation of pull bar and mobile by a small margin along being parallel to clamp mechanism, thereby the scheme with respect to the full rigid constraint in the conventional art, the line strain that the present invention will produce because expanding with heat and contract with cold is converted to the controlled range distortion in the allowed band, adopted the plate bundle structural design of removing constraint to eliminate or to have reduced effect of constraint value, it is independently flexible that the heat exchange matrix is presented in the rigidity clamp mechanism of pull bar, thereby avoided producing the possibility of high-risk thermal (temperature difference) stress effectively, thereby make in HTHP and pressure, temperature variation comparatively under the exacting terms, this heat exchanger still has good safety and reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of heat exchange plate.
The A-A cutaway view of Fig. 2 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of heat exchange matrix.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that is linked together along weld seam by the hole between the two adjacent heat exchange plates.
Fig. 6 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation that the heat exchange matrix is connected with shell liquid in-out pipe unit and plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit.
Fig. 8 is the I portion enlarged diagram of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the II portion enlarged diagram of Fig. 7.
Figure 10 is the III portion enlarged diagram of Fig. 7.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of strip of paper used for sealing.
Figure 12 is the F-F cutaway view of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the structural representation of shell liquid in-out pipe unit.
Figure 14 is that the K of Figure 13 is to view.
Figure 15 is the draw bail schematic diagram of heat exchange matrix, front end-plate, the big end of flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit and end plate.
Figure 16 is the big end construction schematic diagram of flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit.
Figure 17 is the structural representation of backing plate.
Figure 18 is heat exchange process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 19～22nd, manufacturing process schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
A kind of plate type heat exchanger, comprise some heat exchange plate 10 stacked formation heat exchange matrixes that offer through hole 10a on it, be formed for the flow-guiding channel 20 of permeable medium between the abutment face of described each adjacent heat exchanger plates sheet 10, the coaxial setting of through hole 10a on the heat exchange plate 10 forms the liquid inlet/outlet that is communicated with external equipment, the front/rear end punishment of heat exchange matrix is equipped with for before this heat exchange matrix of clamping, end plate 31,32, before, end plate 31, offer on 32 run through its plate body be used for the heat exchange matrix on the heat exchange duct 33 of liquid inlet/outlet coaxial cooperation, described heat exchanger also comprise be used to run through affixed before, end plate 31,32 and make before, end plate 31,32 and the heat exchange matrix between form the pull bar 40 that rigidity cooperates; Described heat exchange matrix and forward and backward end plate 31,32 be reserved with for the heat exchange matrix gap along its liquid inlet/outlet radial direction activity.
Practical structures of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1-2 2, like this, heat exchanger traditional full holding or the elastic fixing formula has been abandoned in dependence, and make the side up and down that is arranged on perpendicular to the liquid inlet/outlet direction of described heat exchange matrix be free end, rely on the thermal expansion free gap of reserving the heat exchange matrix simultaneously again, thereby realize the interior activity purpose of limited range of the assigned direction of heat exchange matrix; In other words, this moment since the heat exchange matrix with before, end plate 31, there be not any being welded to connect between 32, when expanded by heating, the heat exchange matrix can also be that the direction that the plate face of heat exchange plate 10 limits relatively moves along the liquid inlet/outlet radial direction, in the time of in being in heat transfer process, heat exchange plate 10 in the heat exchange matrix can also be the radially generation thermal expansion deformation of pull bar 40 and mobile by a small margin along being parallel to clamp mechanism, thereby the scheme with respect to the full rigid constraint in the conventional art, the line strain that the present invention will produce because expanding with heat and contract with cold is converted to the controlled range distortion in the allowed band, adopted the plate bundle structural design of removing constraint to eliminate or to have reduced effect of constraint value, it is independently flexible that the heat exchange matrix is presented in the rigidity clamp mechanism of pull bar 40, thereby avoided producing the possibility of high-risk thermal (temperature difference) stress effectively, thereby make in HTHP and pressure, temperature variation comparatively under the exacting terms, this heat exchanger still has good safety and reliability.
As the present invention further optimization scheme: described heat exchanger comprises plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 and the shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 that is communicated with external equipment and heat exchange matrix, and the through hole 10a on the heat exchange plate 10 is two and its plate two ends setting that is placed in; Described flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50 profiles are and form unidirectional gear between ladder poroid and its top bar portion and front end-plate 31 interior plate faces and cooperate, the small end of the poroid flaggy liquid in-out of ladder pipe unit 50 is postponed and is passed heat exchange duct 33 on the front end-plate 31, and its small end outer wall place sheathed be connected with for and on it between end difference common folder set the reinforcing ring 51 of position flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50; Described heat exchanger also comprises backing plate 70, the thickness of slab of backing plate 70 is less than forward and backward end plate 31,32 thickness of slab and equal the big end thickness of flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50, described backing plate 70 is two and is tabular, and two backing plates 70 recline plug welding respectively at forward and backward end plate 31,32 interior plate face place; Be provided with the gap between the small end outer wall of plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 and heat exchange duct 33 inwalls on the front end-plate 31; Described shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 covers at the both sides up and down of heat exchange matrix and arranges, its profile is the affixed setting of driving fit each other between the respective end of case groove shape and its openend edge and heat exchange matrix, be provided with cavity between described shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 and the heat exchange matrix, and the side away from the heat exchange matrix of shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 is provided with the shell side pipeline that is connected with described cavity; Flaggy passage 22, two interchannels that described flow-guiding channel 20 comprises the shell passage 21 that is communicated with shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 and is communicated with flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50 are dodged setting each other.
Different with the common binary channels liquid in-out pipe that directly is arranged at heat exchange matrix front/rear end place, one aspect of the present invention is arranged by the diverse location that adopts shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 and flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50, thereby is played more high performance thermal energy conduction and medium transport purpose; On the other hand, the setting of backing plate 70 has guaranteed that especially whole heat exchange matrix is positioned at the clamping planarization under the big pressure clamping of forward and backward end plate 31,32 respective inner, finally lays the first stone for forward and backward end plate 31,32 firm clamping; In addition, rely on to limit backing plate 70 and forward and backward end plate 31,32 and big end (the also rebound of the namely often saying) thickness of flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50 herein, as shown in figure 15, thereby play the purpose that has reduced difference in thickness between each person effectively, thereby guarantee the effective reliable fit between each person when assembling.
Described heat exchange plate 10 is corrugated sheet, it is made of water conservancy diversion district 11 and heat transfer zone 12, described water conservancy diversion district 11 is semicircle shape and through hole 10a is arranged in 11 plate face places, water conservancy diversion district, described heat transfer zone 12 rectangular shapes, water conservancy diversion district 11 is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of heat transfer zone 12, and two water conservancy diversion districts 11 are connected with each other as a whole with heat transfer zone 12; Described heat exchange plate 10 is rugged fluctuating shape or wavy, and the plane that outer ledge of the common residing plane of the hole lateral edges of through hole 10a and heat exchange plate 10 surrounds on it is different; The outer ledge that 10 of described adjacent heat exchanger plates sheets abut in together welds together formation outer weld seam mutually; Heat exchanger comprises that also a plurality of parallel heat exchange matrixes of arranging and be placed in are along the shell shape strip of paper used for sealing 80 that is parallel to the left and right sides of liquid inlet/outlet axis direction; The edge of described strip of paper used for sealing 80 is curved arc shape or bending perpendicular to the cross section of its length direction; Described strip of paper used for sealing 80 along two edges of its width respectively with two adjacent outer weld seam welding, the outside that extends to the water conservancy diversion district 11 on the heat exchange plate 10 along the two ends up and down of its length direction along described outer weld seam of described strip of paper used for sealing 80; The groove face edge, the outside of described shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 and the outer side edges of the outermost strip of paper used for sealing 80 on the heat exchange matrix along between the setting of combining closely; Described shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 and 50 of flaggy liquid in-out pipe units have spacing.
The structure of heat exchange plate 10 is water conservancy diversion districts 11 that two semicircle shapes are set in the both sides of rectangular-shaped heat transfer zone among the present invention, be that heat exchange plate 10 among the present invention is the en plaque geometric shape of rectangle for two ends semicircular in shape figure, through hole 10a is opened in respectively on the plate face in semicircle water conservancy diversion district, two ends of heat exchange plate 10; The geometric element of the more conventional rectangle template of this structure is even continuously, and stress is uniform more to become ideal and stress concentration minimum shown in Fig. 2-4.Simultaneously, the edge of strip of paper used for sealing 80 is curved arc shape or bending perpendicular to the cross section of its length direction among the present invention, also be the strip of paper used for sealing 80 employing bow sections among the present invention, increment changes several sections small elastic deformations into thereby the x wire that the heat exchange matrix is produced because of the temperature difference expands, and has reduced the influence of thermal stress to the outer weld seam; This technical scheme among the present invention has not only been eliminated the bloated increment influence of x wire of heat exchange matrix, also makes Welding Structure be easy to realize simultaneously.
Further, described shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 comprises laminal boxboard 61 and end plate 62; Described boxboard 61 is the curved arc shape, and the two ends along the arc length direction of boxboard 61 link to each other with the end of described strip of paper used for sealing 70 and weld together; Described end plate 62 is set to two, and two end plates was located at the both sides, front and back of boxboard 61 in 62 minutes, the curved arc shape edge of two end plates 62 affixed boxboards 61 and be arranged on the outer weld seam setting of both sides before and after the heat exchange matrix; But the plate body between the described boxboard 61 both sides end plates 62 is provided with the expansion loop 611 of elastic telescopic, and described expansion loop 611 residing anchor rings arrange perpendicular to the liquid inlet/outlet axis on the heat exchange matrix.The setting of expansion loop is in the controlled scope of segmentation the axial thermal strain of shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60, thereby reduced the influence of thermal strain after shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 is welded to connect with strip of paper used for sealing, also namely weaken shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 because of the bloated increment butt welding influence of relay part in succession of axial line that temperature causes, finally played the security of raising heat exchanger and the purpose of reliability.
Further, described backing plate 70 comprise forward and backward backing plate 71,72 and the shape of its shape and heat exchange plate 10 match, the two ends up and down of backing plate 70 are respectively arranged with upper end open 70a and the lower ending opening 70b that the big end outer wall with shell liquid in-out pipe unit 50 matches, cooperate it to have the gap between the big end of upper and lower end opening and the shell liquid in-out pipe unit 50 of backing plate 71 before described, the upper and lower end opening part of back backing plate 72 is provided with the blind plate 90 for liquid inlet/outlet rear end on the obstruction heat exchange matrix; The step surface of the outer panel face of described backing plate 70, shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60, the outer panel face of front end-plate 31 are all in the same plane.The setting of each opening on the backing plate has guaranteed the practical set of miscellaneous part such as flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50; And for the backing plate 70 that deviates from flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50 assembling positions one side, because the opening of itself only can cause medium to overflow, therefore adopt blind plate 90 to fill the version of sealing, thereby each opening to backing plate 70 carries out airtight welding operation again, finally guarantees the functional reliability of whole heat exchange matrix.
Further, described heat exchange plate 10 thickness δ 1 are 0.6～1.2mm, and its material is stainless steel or titanium or nickel-base alloy; The sheet δ 2 of described strip of paper used for sealing 80 is 2～2.5 times of heat exchange plate 10 thickness δ 1;
If the length along the corresponding string of outer arc of the cross section of its length direction of curved arc shape strip of paper used for sealing 80 is L, the high difference of the biside plate face of contoured heat exchange plate 10 is H, then described chord length L=2H;
The high h of arc bow that outer arc along the cross section of its length direction string corresponding with it of described curved arc shape strip of paper used for sealing 80 formed is 1.8～2.2mm;
The material of described strip of paper used for sealing 80 is identical with the material of heat exchange plate 10.
Described expansion loop 611 arranges quantity more than one along the liquid inlet/outlet axial direction, and the spacing J between two adjacent expansion loops, 611 centers presses following formula and determines:
J＝4/T
B×α
Bmm
In the following formula: T
BBe the maximum temperature of the medium by shell liquid in-out pipe unit, unit is ℃;
α
BBe the linear expansion coefficient of shell liquid in-out pipe unit material, unit is 1/ ℃.
By reference to the accompanying drawings each part in this heat exchanger is illustrated one by one more below.
1.1 heat exchange plate
Shown in Fig. 2,3, heat exchange plate 10 is core heat transfer components of whole heat exchanger, and the plate two ends of heat exchange plate 10 are semicircular water conservancy diversion district 11, and the stage casing is the heat transfer zone 12 of rectangular rectangle.The through hole 10a that the through hole 10a that the feed liquor of heat transferring medium A turnover is used among confession Fig. 1 and fluid are used is opened in leaning on the plate face of inlet side head of semicircle water conservancy diversion district 11 respectively.As shown in Figure 2, design has the water conservancy diversion ripple of different angles on the plate face in the water conservancy diversion district 11 of two semicircles, the augmentation of heat transfer ripple of the various different purposes of design on the plate face of rectangular section heat transfer zone 12.
As shown in Figure 3, the hole lateral edges of the through hole 10a of heat exchange matrix 10 is that the hole of heat exchange plate 10 is along being that the outer of heat exchange plate 10 is positioned at different different basal planes with the outer ledge of heat exchange plate 10.
Shown in Fig. 5,6,8, when two heat exchange plates 10 turn over the opposition button, its hole connects into a pair of plate group with two heat exchange plates 10 by eyelet welding along implementing welding to the hole along being close to alignment relatively and forming the hole along opposite joint, namely links together along weld seam by the hole between the plate group that is linked to each other by eyelet welding.The support contact of equal portion forms heat exchanging medium passage again between the support contact to the formation intersected with each other of the ripple of plate group is close for each.Hence one can see that, and the frame mode of plate group can bearing load pressure among the present invention, forms mazy heat exchanging medium passage again naturally.
The continuous geometric element of the round square of heat exchange plate 10 and the ripple struction of equal portion among the present invention make heat exchange plate 10 have evenly continuous elastic deformation characteristic, the restraint stress of the rigidity that the low temperature difference line strain that disappeared produces.The thickness δ 1 of heat exchange plate 10 is 0.6～1.2mm, δ 1 is preferably 0.6～0.8mm, heat exchange plate 10 selects for use the thin plate compacting of materials such as stainless steel, titanium, nickel-base alloy to form, and the board dimension scope is 600 * 2000mm～1200 * 4000mm, but the maximum plate bundle area of assembly welding is 3200M
2
1.2 strip of paper used for sealing
Shown in Figure 11,12, the cross section of strip of paper used for sealing 80 is bow shape, and the material of strip of paper used for sealing 80 is identical with the material of heat exchange plate 10.As shown in figure 12, the thickness of slab δ 2 of strip of paper used for sealing 80 is the thickness of slab δ 1 of 2～2.5 times of heat exchange plates 10; If the length along the corresponding string of outer arc of the cross section of strip of paper used for sealing 80 length directions of curved arc shape strip of paper used for sealing 80 is L, the high difference of the biside plate face of the heat exchange plate 10 of Fig. 3 mesorelief shape is H, then described chord length L=2H; The high h of arc bow that outer arc along the cross section of the strip of paper used for sealing 80 length directions string corresponding with it of described curved arc shape strip of paper used for sealing 80 formed is 1.8～2.2mm.
The above-mentioned shape of strip of paper used for sealing 80 and structure make the linear thermal strain that produces in the heat exchange matrix be changed into several sections can little curved elastic deformation, thereby has reduced the influence of thermal stress to the outer weld seam greatly.
Strip of paper used for sealing 80 can make by grinding pulling method.
1.3 shell liquid in-out pipe unit
Shown in Figure 13,14, shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 comprises that laminal boxboard 61 end plates 62 described boxboards 61 are provided with the shell side pipeline, but and have the expansion loop 611 of elastic compression on the boxboard 61, the setting of expansion loop 611 is in the controlled scope of segmentation the axial thermal strain of shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60, has reduced the influence of thermal strain after shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 is welded to connect with strip of paper used for sealing 80 greatly.Spacing J between the expansion loop 611 presses following formula and determines:
J＝4/（T
B×α
B）mm
In the following formula: T
BBe the maximum temperature of the medium by the case groove, unit is ℃;
α
BBe the linear expansion coefficient of case groove material, unit is 1/ ℃.
The axial length of shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 is relevant with the area of the heat exchange matrix of design and assembly, when shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 required axial lengths less than the J value, expansion loop 611 can be set.
1.4 heat exchange matrix
Shown in Fig. 7,10, the heat exchange matrix mainly is made of shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 and strip of paper used for sealing 80.
The main body of heat exchange matrix is turned over the heat exchange plate 10 of opposing button by two of N groups and is constituted along welding through the hole, and concrete, the plate group that is formed by connecting by eyelet welding stacks successively, and the welding outer is formed by connecting, shown in Figure 19～21.
As shown in figure 10, after the outer of two heat exchange plates 10 periphery welded closure, N the cavity that is communicated with formation with welding hole both constituted the plate journey passage in the heat exchange matrix, passed in and out for the A medium.Any two groups are turned between the heat exchange plate 10 of opposing button all that soldering and sealing has strip of paper used for sealing 80, the two ends up and down of strip of paper used for sealing 80 extend to 11 places, water conservancy diversion district of heat exchange matrix 10, constitute the flow-guiding channel 20 in the heat exchange matrix between strip of paper used for sealing 80 and the heat exchange plate 10 and between two heat exchange plates.
At the place, two ends up and down of heat exchange matrix button weldering shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60, and make boxboard 61 soldering and sealing of shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 in the outside, the end of strip of paper used for sealing 80, the end plate 62 of shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 is welded on commissure, heat exchange matrix outermost semicircle periphery outer by end plate weld joint, the formation passage thereby the shell side passage in shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 internal cavities, the heat exchange matrix communicates with each other, for the turnover of B medium, as shown in figure 18.
As shown in Figure 4, the through hole 10a that is in the first side heat exchange plate 10 foremost of heat exchange matrix also is that aforementioned rebound plate face welds mutually with the big end end face of shell liquid in-out pipe unit 60 respectively, be in the heat exchange matrix the rear end tail side heat exchange plate 10 through hole 10a place then soldering and sealing blind plate 90 is arranged.Plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 and corresponding heat exchange matrix internal channel are communicated with the so-called plate journey passage of formation, for the turnover of A medium, as shown in figure 18.
Shown in Fig. 8,10, the ripple that the heat-transfer surface of heat exchange matrix also namely turns on the heat exchange plate plate face of opposing button becomes positive and negative staggered, thereby form intensive support contact and fluid passage, support contact had both guaranteed rigidity and the load performance of heat exchange matrix, played the flow-disturbing effect to medium again.A becomes the in opposite directions membranaceous fluidised form of adverse current along the corrugated plating face with the B medium in runner separately, the turbulence effect that fluid has more been strengthened in staggered ripple and the violent disturbance under the fluid flow state of contact, thereby can obtain the coefficient of heat transfer than the high several times of tube bank heat transfer element column fluidised form, improve heat exchange efficiency greatly.
1.5 clamp mechanism
Shown in Fig. 1,15, described clamp mechanism mainly by backing plate 70 and forward and backward end plate 31,32 and reinforcing ring 51 and pull bar 40 constitute.
The thickness of backing plate 70 is all consistent with the big end thickness of flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50, backing plate 70 is close to the corrugated plating face place of the head and the tail heat exchange plate of heat exchange matrix rear and front end, make forward and backward end plate 31,32 clamping force by backing plate 70 apply in the corrugated surface of head and the tail heat exchange plate and and then be passed to the heat exchange matrix, finally reach the purpose of plate bundle pressure-bearing.
Do not have any being welded to connect between described heat exchange matrix and backing plate 70 and the forward and backward end plate 31,32, when expanded by heating, the direction that the heat exchange matrix can limit along backing plate 70 plate faces is relative to tangentially moving.
As shown in figure 15, reinforcing ring 51 is welded on the small end tube wall of plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 when mounted, reinforcing ring 51 is close to front end-plate 31 when welding, constitute the card shape structure of limiting plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 positions this moment between reinforcing ring 51 and the plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 big ends, the bending moment force that produces when this card shape structure makes installing plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 only acts on front end-plate 31, thereby reduces and even the heat exchanging matrix produces when having avoided installing adverse effect.
As shown in figure 15, because the elongation that is heated of the parts in heat exchange matrix and the clamp mechanism is different, so the present invention is provided with gap delta 3 between the corresponding cooperation place of the upper end open 70a of backing plate 70 and lower ending opening 70b and plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50; Also all leave gap delta 4 between heat exchange duct 33 on the front end-plate 31 and the plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 corresponding cooperation places, gap delta 3 and the setting of gap delta 4 have been avoided interfering the constraint that forms because of the different generations of the elongation that is heated between heat exchange matrix and the front end-plate 31, and have prevented that stress because of the aforementioned constraint generation from causing the welding seam failure between heat exchange matrix and plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit 50 corresponding positions.Minimum value formula between gap delta 3 and the gap delta 4 is as follows:
δ
L＝0.375α
p×（t
p－t
0）×L
0
In the following formula: α
pBe the linear expansion coefficient of heat exchange matrix material, unit is 1/ ℃.
t
pBe the maximum operation (service) temperature of heat exchange matrix, unit is ℃;
t
0Be environment temperature, unit is ℃;
L
0Be the adapter centre-to-centre spacing under the environment temperature, unit is mm.
2. the assembling process below in conjunction with Fig. 1,18～22 pairs of these heat exchangers elaborates
As shown in figure 19, through the compacting of die pressure machine and punch shears punching, prepare monolithic heat exchange plate 10.
Monolithic heat exchange plate 10 adopts circular and the combined geometry design of rectangle, and the design of plate face is suppressed the ripple of different purposes with mould.The welding position is edge, hole and the outer of heat exchange plate 10, and edge, hole and the outer of heat exchange plate 10 is arranged on different basal planes in opposite directions, makes it treat that the neat argonaut welding of the satisfied rule in welding hole edge and outer connects requirement by the mould punching.
Concrete, the main technique route of preparation monolithic heat exchange plate 10 is the I blanking; → II compacting figure; → III compacting two ends; → IV crop; → V is cut the limit; The punching of → VI; → VII is repaiied and is cut trimming; The check of → VIII; It is to be welded that → IX is cleaned warehouse-in.
As shown in figure 20, two heat exchange plates that compacting is formed turn over opposes to be buckled together, then in hole that two heat exchange plates 10 are docking together each other along locating to implement eyelet welding, two heat exchange plates 10 after the welding are connected to each other to one group by the two hole along the hole of locating along weld seam.
Should strict check that by specification requirement the inspection step is visual inspection after the welding; Painted; Inspection of hermetic seal, next plate group assembly welding operation of being allowed for access after qualified.
As shown in figure 21, weld with composing plate bundle heat exchanger components the semicircle of heat exchanging plate periphery outer and straight flange outer successively after will stacking according to a plurality of plate groups that making shown in Figure 20 obtains, plate bundle heat exchanger components after the welding forms semicircle periphery outer weld seam at the semicircle periphery place of heat exchange plate 10, and forms straight flange outer weld seam at the place, straight flange outer of heat exchange plate 10.
As shown in figure 21, (flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50 herein be the split type butt joint fixed structure that big end constitutes liquid in-out rebound and small end formation flaggy liquid in-out pipe along pasting weldering feed liquor rebound along the hole at the inlet opening place of the first side heat exchange plate 10 of plate bundle heat exchanger components, its big end also namely forms the liquid in-out rebound), then at the fluid hole place of first side heat exchange plate 10 welding fluid rebound, feed liquor rebound and fluid rebound play transition and humidification at flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit 50 with restrainting in being connected of heat exchanger components.
All weld blind plate 90 along the hole along pasting at the tail side heat exchange plate 10 through hole 10a places of plate bundle heat exchanger components then.
As shown in figure 22, outside plug welding strip of paper used for sealing 80 at plate bundle heat exchanger components constitutes welded plate Shu Huanre matrix, described strip of paper used for sealing 80 soldering and sealing are at the place, straight flange outer of heat exchange plate 10, and strip of paper used for sealing 80 extends to 11 places, water conservancy diversion district of heat exchange plate 80, and described strip of paper used for sealing 80 is reserved the breach for the turnover of B medium at the upper and lower end position of plate bundle heat exchanger components.
As shown in Figure 1, with clamp mechanism the fastening plate type heat exchanger that namely can be made among the present invention is installed in the outside of heat exchange matrix.
Heat exchange matrix shown in Fig. 1 is after backing plate 70, front end-plate 31 are installed and finish, adapter in medium A is suit reinforcing ring 51 on plate journey feed tube and the plate journey drain pipe, and make reinforcing ring 51 be close to the outside of front end-plate 31, outer flange is welded in the interior ring boxing of reinforcing ring 51 again after the adapter of medium A, to finish the assembling of heat exchanger.
Thermal (temperature difference) stress has only and possesses the temperature difference simultaneously and constraint just can produce during two key elements, technical scheme among the present invention has adopted the frame mode of a large amount of plate sheet welding on the one hand, the line strain that will produce because expanding with heat and contract with cold is converted to the strain of permission on the other hand, and adopted the plate bundle structural design of removing constraint eliminating or to have reduced effect of constraint value, thereby avoided producing the possibility of high-risk thermal (temperature difference) stress effectively.
The qualitative analysis shows, the welded plate bundle among the present invention carries outside under the condition of 575 ℃ of pressure 4.0MPa, operating temperature and has abundant margin of safety.
Claims (9)
1. plate type heat exchanger, comprise the some stacked formation heat exchange of heat exchange plate (10) matrixes that offer through hole (10a) on it, be formed for the flow-guiding channel (20) of permeable medium between the abutment face of described each adjacent heat exchanger plates sheet (10), the coaxial setting of through hole (10a) on the heat exchange plate (10) forms the liquid inlet/outlet that is communicated with external equipment, the front/rear end punishment of heat exchange matrix is equipped with for before this heat exchange matrix of clamping, end plate (31,32), before, end plate (31,32) offer on run through its plate body be used for the heat exchange matrix on the heat exchange duct (33) of liquid inlet/outlet coaxial cooperation, it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger also comprise be used to run through affixed before, end plate (31,32) and before making, end plate (31,32) form the pull bar (40) that rigidity cooperates and between the heat exchange matrix; Be reserved with between described heat exchange matrix and forward and backward end plate (31,32) for the gap of heat exchange matrix along its liquid inlet/outlet radial direction activity.
2. plate type heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger comprises plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit (50) and the shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60) that is communicated with external equipment and heat exchange matrix, and the through hole (10a) on the heat exchange plate (10) is two and its plate two ends setting that is placed in; Described flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit (50) profile is and forms unidirectional gear between ladder poroid and its top bar portion and front end-plate (31) interior plate face and cooperate, the small end of the poroid flaggy liquid in-out of ladder pipe unit (50) is postponed and is passed heat exchange duct (33) on the front end-plate (31), and its small end outer wall place sheathed be connected with for and on it between end difference common folder set the reinforcing ring (51) of position flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit (50); Described heat exchanger also comprises backing plate (70), the thickness of slab of backing plate (70) is less than the thickness of slab of forward and backward end plate (31,32) and equal the big end thickness of flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit (50), described backing plate (70) is two and is tabular, two backing plates (70) the interior plate face place of plug welding at forward and backward end plate (31,32) that recline respectively; Be provided with the gap between heat exchange duct (33) inwall on the small end outer wall of plate journey liquid in-out pipe unit (50) and the front end-plate (31).
3. plate type heat exchanger according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60) covers at the both sides up and down of heat exchange matrix and arranges, its profile is the affixed setting of driving fit each other between the respective end of case groove shape and its openend edge and heat exchange matrix, be provided with cavity between described shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60) and the heat exchange matrix, and the side away from the heat exchange matrix of shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60) is provided with the shell side pipeline that is connected with described cavity; Described flow-guiding channel (20) comprises the shell passage (21) that is communicated with shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60) and the flaggy passage (22) that is communicated with flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit (50), and two interchannels are dodged setting each other.
4. plate type heat exchanger according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described heat exchange plate (10) is corrugated sheet, it is made of water conservancy diversion district (11) and heat transfer zone (12), described water conservancy diversion district (11) is semicircle shape and through hole (10a) is arranged in water conservancy diversion district (11) Ban Mianchu, the rectangular shape of described heat transfer zone (12), water conservancy diversion district (11) is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of heat transfer zone (12), and two water conservancy diversion districts (11) are connected with each other as a whole with heat transfer zone (12); Described heat exchange plate (10) is rugged fluctuating shape or wavy, and the plane that outer ledge of the common residing plane of hole lateral edges of through hole (10a) and heat exchange plate (10) surrounds on it is different; The outer ledge that abuts between described adjacent heat exchanger plates sheet (10) together welds together formation outer weld seam mutually; Heat exchanger comprises that also a plurality of parallel heat exchange matrixes of arranging and be placed in are along the shell shape strip of paper used for sealing (80) that is parallel to the left and right sides of liquid inlet/outlet axis direction; The edge of described strip of paper used for sealing (80) is curved arc shape or bending perpendicular to the cross section of its length direction; Described strip of paper used for sealing (80) along two edges of its width respectively with two adjacent outer weld seam welding, the outside that extends to the water conservancy diversion district (11) on the heat exchange plate (10) along the two ends up and down of its length direction along described outer weld seam of described strip of paper used for sealing (80); The groove face edge, the outside of described shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60) and the outer side edges of the outermost strip of paper used for sealing (80) on the heat exchange matrix along between the setting of combining closely; There is spacing between described shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60) and flaggy liquid in-out pipe unit (50).
5. plate type heat exchanger according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60) comprises laminal boxboard (61) and end plate (62); Described boxboard (61) is the curved arc shape, and the two ends along the arc length direction of boxboard (61) link to each other with the end of described strip of paper used for sealing (70) and weld together; Described end plate (62) is set to two, and two end plates (62) divides the both sides, front and back be located at boxboard (61), the curved arc shape edge of the affixed boxboard of two end plates (62) (61) and be arranged on the outer weld seam setting of both sides before and after the heat exchange matrix.
6. plate type heat exchanger according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described boxboard (61) both sides end plates (62) but between plate body be provided with the expansion loop (611) of elastic telescopic, the residing anchor ring of described expansion loop (611) arranges perpendicular to the liquid inlet/outlet axis on the heat exchange matrix.
7. according to each described plate type heat exchanger in the claim 2～6, it is characterized in that: before described backing plate (70) comprises, back backing plate (71,72) and the shape of its shape and heat exchange plate (10) match, the two ends up and down of backing plate (70) are respectively arranged with upper end open (70a) and the lower ending opening (70b) that the big end outer wall with shell liquid in-out pipe unit (50) matches, on the described preceding backing plate (71), cooperate it to have the gap between the big end of lower ending opening and shell liquid in-out pipe unit (50), on the back backing plate (72), the lower ending opening place is provided with for the blind plate (90) that stops up liquid inlet/outlet rear end on the heat exchange matrix; The outer panel face of the step surface of the outer panel face of described backing plate (70), shell liquid in-out pipe unit (60), front end-plate (31) is all in the same plane.
8. according to each described plate type heat exchanger in the claim 4～6, it is characterized in that: described heat exchange plate (10) thickness δ 1 is 0.6～1.2mm, and its material is stainless steel or titanium or nickel-base alloy; The sheet δ 2 of described strip of paper used for sealing (80) is 2～2.5 times of heat exchange plate (10) thickness δ 1;
If the length along the corresponding string of outer arc of the cross section of strip of paper used for sealing length direction of curved arc shape strip of paper used for sealing (80) is L, the high difference of the biside plate face of contoured heat exchange plate (10) is H, then described chord length L=2H;
The high h of arc bow that outer arc along the cross section of the strip of paper used for sealing length direction string corresponding with it of described curved arc shape strip of paper used for sealing (80) formed is 1.8～2.2mm;
The material of described strip of paper used for sealing (80) is identical with the material of heat exchange plate (10).
9. plate type heat exchanger according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described expansion loop (611) arranges quantity more than one along the liquid inlet/outlet axial direction, and the spacing J between two adjacent expansion loop (611) centers presses following formula and determines:
J＝4/（T
B×α
B）mm
In the following formula: T
BBe the maximum temperature of the medium by shell liquid in-out pipe unit, unit is ℃;
α
BBe the linear expansion coefficient of shell liquid in-out pipe unit material, unit is 1/ ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310169398.7A CN103335546B (en) | 2013-05-09 | 2013-05-09 | Plate type heat exchanger |
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| CN201310169398.7A CN103335546B (en) | 2013-05-09 | 2013-05-09 | Plate type heat exchanger |
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| CN103335546B CN103335546B (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108612495A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-02 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of Drilling Fluid Cooling System |
| CN110030574A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-07-19 | 永能动力（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of compact regenerative air heater of Stirling engine external combustion system |
| CN112797825A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-05-14 | 丹佛斯有限公司 | Multi-channel heat exchanger |
| CN114279242A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2022-04-05 | 阿法拉伐股份有限公司 | Plate pack, plate and heat exchanger device |
| CN114294982A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 北京瑞晨航宇能源科技有限公司 | Pure countercurrent plate heat exchanger adopting asymmetric heat exchange plates |
| WO2023016003A1 (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Case and edge device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114279242A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2022-04-05 | 阿法拉伐股份有限公司 | Plate pack, plate and heat exchanger device |
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| CN108612495A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-02 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of Drilling Fluid Cooling System |
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| WO2023016003A1 (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Case and edge device |
| CN114294982A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 北京瑞晨航宇能源科技有限公司 | Pure countercurrent plate heat exchanger adopting asymmetric heat exchange plates |
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| CN103335546B (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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Address after: 230031 No. 888 Changjiang West Road, Shushan District, Anhui, Hefei Patentee after: HEFEI GENERAL MACHINERY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 230031 No. 888 Changjiang West Road, Shushan District, Anhui, Hefei Patentee before: HEFEI GENERAL MACHINERY Research Institute |